JP2012500610A - 電磁エネルギー獲得ための統合コレクタ表面を有するエネルギーデバイスおよびその方法 - Google Patents
電磁エネルギー獲得ための統合コレクタ表面を有するエネルギーデバイスおよびその方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
- H02J50/27—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
- H01M10/465—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus with solar battery as charging system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/248—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set provided with an AC/DC converting device, e.g. rectennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/001—Energy harvesting or scavenging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/30—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using light, e.g. lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
- H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第61/087,927号(名称「Energy Device with Integral Collector Surface for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting and Method Thereof」、2008年8月11日出願)に関連し、米国特許法第119条第(e)項の優先権の利益を主張し、この出願は、その全体が本明細書に参考として援用される。
本発明は、エネルギーを獲得する装置および/またははシステム、または方法に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、周囲環境内に存在するか、または意図的にエネルギー獲得デバイスを対象とした電磁エネルギーを収集し、後の使用のために該エネルギーを貯蔵する。
電磁エネルギーは、全種類の形態で存在する。それは、概して、情報を伝達するために使用されるが、一般的には小さいものであるにもかかわらず、収集および貯蔵され得るエネルギーの源としても存在する。
Claims (61)
- エネルギーデバイスであって、
エネルギー貯蔵構成要素と、
該エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の一体部分である少なくとも1つの導電性表面と
を備えており、
該少なくとも1つの表面は、電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される、エネルギーデバイス。 - 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素は、電気化学的貯蔵デバイス、電気的貯蔵デバイス、機械的エネルギー貯蔵デバイス、電気機械デバイス、熱エネルギー貯蔵デバイス、および化学的エネルギー貯蔵デバイスを含む群からの任意の装置を備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素は、バッテリ、薄膜バッテリ、コンデンサ、薄膜コンデンサ、圧電素子、磁気電気素子、熱質量容器、フライホイール、マイクロフライホイール、微小電気機械システム(MEMS)、機械バネ、水素容器を有する水素発生器、およびオゾン容器を有するオゾン発生器の群から選択される構成要素を備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記導電性表面は、好適な電磁インピーダンスを備え、該好適な電磁インピーダンスは、該表面の寸法が、獲得の標的とされる波長において信号利得を生成するようにサイズ決定されるために、前記収集される電磁エネルギーの周波数に適合される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記導電性表面は、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのアノード、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのアノード電流コレクタ、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのカソード、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのカソード電流コレクタ、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのカプセル化、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスの基板、電気化学的貯蔵デバイスのケーシング、コンデンサの陰性電極、コンデンサの陽性電極、およびコンデンサのケーシングの群から選択される、材料を備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素による主要な機能的必要性を超えて構造的または化学的に修飾され、それにより、該修飾は、電磁エネルギーを収集する該表面の能力の増大を引き起こす、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの水平方向に増加した表面積を有する、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、増加した厚さを有する、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの導電性突起部を備え、該少なくとも1つの導電性突起部は、該少なくとも1つの導電性表面から前記構成要素層に平行な方向に延在する、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの導電性突起部を備え、少なくとも1つの導電性突起部は、該少なくとも1つの導電性表面から該構成要素層に直角の方向に延在する、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの水平方向に増加した表面積を有する、請求項6に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、増加した厚さを有する、請求項6に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの導電性突起部を備え、該少なくとも1つの導電性突起部は、該少なくとも1つの導電性表面から前記構成要素層に平行な方向に延在する、請求項6に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電性表面は、少なくとも1つの導電性突起部を備え、該少なくとも1つの導電性突起部は、少なくとも1つの導電性表面から前記構成要素層に直角の方向に延在する、請求項6に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記導電性表面をさらに備え、該導電性表面は、前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の製造中に前記デバイスに組み込まれる、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記導電性表面は、金属、合金、半導体、伝導性有機物およびポリマー、ならびに伝導性複合体の群から選択される材料を備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記デバイスの形状は、正方形、長方形、三角形、多面多角形、円形、湾曲、波形、および厚さ不均一の群から選択される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記収集された電磁エネルギーは、電場結合エネルギー、磁場結合エネルギー、光波直接結合エネルギー、光波熱的結合エネルギー、レーザまたはコヒーレント光結合エネルギー、およびサブミリメートル波長放射結合エネルギーの群から選択される、エネルギーを備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記収集された電磁エネルギーは、広帯域周波数、狭帯域周波数、直接エネルギー、間接エネルギー、極超長波、極極超長波、超長波、長波、中波、短波、超短波、極超短波、極極超短波、ミリ波、赤外線光周波数、可視光周波数、紫外線光周波数、およびX線周波数を含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 複数の導電性表面をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記複数の表面は、全方向応答における前記電磁エネルギーの出力の収集を改善するアレイを形成するように適合される、請求項20に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記複数の表面は、一方向応答における前記電磁エネルギーの出力の収集を改善するアレイを形成するように適合される、請求項20に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 請求項1に記載の複数のエネルギーデバイスを備える、アレイ。
- 導電性表面をさらに備え、該導電性表面は、全方向応答において電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される、請求項23に記載のアレイ。
- 導電性表面をさらに備え、該導電性表面は、一方向応答において電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される、請求項23に記載のアレイ。
- 少なくとも1つの外部整流素子をさらに備え、該少なくとも1つの外部整流素子は、前記収集された電磁エネルギーを整流するように適合される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの整流素子は、外部ダイオード、該外部ダイオードおよび前記導電性表面を備えるレクテナ、外部フルブリッジ整流器、外部ハーフブリッジ整流器、および外部反応構成要素の群から選択され、該外部反応構成要素は、コンデンサ、コイル、ダイオード、トランジスタ、RFチョーク、および統合デバイスの任意の組み合わせを備える、請求項26に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 並列および/または直列にグループ化される2つ以上の整流素子と、広帯域エネルギー収集を可能にするための、異なるサイズの少なくとも2つの導電性表面とをさらに備える、請求項26に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 並列および/または直列にグループ化される2つ以上の整流素子と、狭帯域エネルギー収集を可能にするための、同様のサイズの少なくとも2つの導電性表面とをさらに備える、請求項26に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 少なくとも1つの統合整流素子をさらに備え、該少なくとも1つの統合整流素子は、前記収集された電磁エネルギーを整流するように適合される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記統合整流素子は、前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の一部を備え、該統合整流素子は、少なくともダイオード、レクテナ、フルブリッジ整流器、ハーフブリッジ整流器、または反応構成要素の電気的特性を備える、請求項30に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 並列および/または直列にグループ化される2つ以上の整流素子と、広帯域エネルギー収集を可能にするための、異なるサイズの少なくとも2つの導電性表面とをさらに備える、請求項30に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 並列および/または直列にグループ化される2つ以上の整流素子と、狭帯域エネルギー収集を可能にするための、同様のサイズの少なくとも2つの導電性表面とをさらに備える、請求項30に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素は、正方形、長方形、三角形、多面多角形、円形、湾曲、波形、および厚さ不均一の群から選択される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 2つ以上のエネルギー貯蔵構成要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記2つ以上のエネルギー貯蔵構成要素は、直列または並列に接続され、該エネルギー貯蔵構成要素のうちの少なくとも1つは、電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される導電性表面を提供するように適合される、請求項1に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素は、全て、実質的に同一のサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項36に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素のうちの少なくとも1つは、他のエネルギー貯蔵構成要素とは実質的に異なるサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項36に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記複数の導電性表面は、電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される直列または並列の接続を備える、請求項20に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 全ての導電性表面は、実質的に等しいサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項39に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記導電性表面のうちの少なくとも1つは、他の導電性表面とは実質的に異なるサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項39に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- エネルギーデバイスの前記アレイは、直列または並列の接続を備え、該エネルギーデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つは、電磁エネルギーを収集するように適合される導電性表面を提供する、請求項23に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギーデバイスは、全て、実質的に等しいサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項42に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギーデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つは、他のエネルギーデバイスとは実質的に異なるサイズおよび形状を備える、請求項42に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 電磁エネルギーを含有する環境内において電磁エネルギーを収集する方法であって、
該環境内において少なくとも1つのエネルギー獲得デバイスを提供することであって、該デバイスは、導電性表面と、エネルギー貯蔵構成要素とを備える、ことと、
該導電性表面にわたって該環境から電磁エネルギーを収集することと、
該エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の中に該エネルギーを貯蔵することと、
自律電気デバイスに電力供給することと
を含む、方法。 - 電磁エネルギーの前記収集を改善するために、前記導電性表面の幾何学的形状を修正することをさらに含む、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の中に前記収集された電磁エネルギーを貯蔵する前に、該収集された電磁エネルギーを整流することをさらに含む、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 電磁エネルギーを含有する環境内において電磁エネルギーを収集する方法であって、
該環境内において少なくとも1つのエネルギー獲得デバイスを提供することであって、該デバイスは、導電性表面を備える、ことと、
該導電性表面にわたって該環境から電磁エネルギーを収集することと
を含む、方法。 - 電磁エネルギーの前記収集を改善するために、前記導電性表面の幾何学的形状を修正することをさらに含む、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の中に前記収集された電磁エネルギーを貯蔵する前に、該収集された電磁エネルギーを整流することをさらに含む、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 自律電気デバイスに電力供給することをさらに含む、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記収集されたエネルギーを貯蔵することをさらに含む、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性表面は、該表面の複数の領域内のRF伝導特性に影響を及ぼして、絶縁域、伝導性域、および半導性域を提供するように適合される、請求項6に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 複数の伝導表面間に1つ以上の層をさらに備え、該層は、絶縁材料を備える、請求項8に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 複数の伝導表面間に1つ以上の層をさらに備え、該層は、半導体材料を備える、請求項8に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 伝導層および関連する絶縁層は、前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の製造中に前記デバイスに追加される、請求項15に記載のエネルギーデバイス。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の前記製造中に、前記導電性表面を前記デバイスに組み込むことをさらに含む、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵構成要素の前記製造中に、前記導電性表面を前記デバイスに組み込むことをさらに含む、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 基板素子と、少なくとも2つの収集表面とを備え、各収集表面は、該基板素子の反対側に位置する、請求項24に記載のアレイ。
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- 2009-08-11 EP EP09807167.3A patent/EP2319101B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-08-11 JP JP2011523097A patent/JP2012500610A/ja active Pending
- 2009-08-11 WO PCT/US2009/053412 patent/WO2010019577A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110058793A (ko) | 2011-06-01 |
CN102119454B (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
CN102119454A (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
EP2319101A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
US8906523B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
EP2319101B1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
US20100032001A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
EP2319101A4 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
KR102155933B1 (ko) | 2020-09-14 |
KR20180005262A (ko) | 2018-01-15 |
WO2010019577A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
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