DK141668B - Apparatus for making non-woven fiber webs. - Google Patents

Description

(®) \ p-ay (11) IMMEDIATE WRITING Η 1668 DENMARK α · '0 04 Η 3/03 f (21) Application No. 1 l / 73 (22) Entered dm 3- j8 ** · 1973 (23) submarine * Jan 3 1973 (44) The application submitted eg -.qa tree-egging certificate of death and death> 9 ·> 90 ^

DIRECTORATE OF

PATENT AND TRADE MARKET (* »Worttet began * seeds dm

Jan 4 1972, 7200264, PR

(71) RHONE-POULENC TEXTILE, 21 rue Jean Goujon, 75 Paris 8th, PR.

(72) Inventor: Pierre _Porte, 81 rue de Trion, 69605 I $ ron, PR.

(74) FuWmwgtig under the roofs wavesHMcWng:

The engineering company Giersing & Stallinger.

(54) Apparatus for the production of non-woven fiber webs.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing long-fiber fibers, so-called "spunbonded" fabrics, which has nozzles for spiraling at least one bundle of filaments, means for stretching the filaments by means of a pressurized fluid, preferably pressurized gas, a finishing surface, a movable surface. recording means and a propagating means which deliver at least one fluid jet under pressure exactly at the point where the filaments strike the deflecting surface *

By "spunbonded" is meant nonwoven textiles formed by filaments which are randomly placed over the fibrous web * Production of these fibrous webs is carried out largely so that through a nozzle a molten or dissolved organic polymer is sprayed so that they are formed in strands. extruded filaments are oriented by stretching a bundle of filaments by means of one or more jets of compressed air, and finally, the bundle is received in a predetermined manner in a movable mat, the velocity and direction of movement thereof being so regulated to form a non-woven fiber web which is very regular and has a desired thickness · 1 practice is arranged at this stage of the manufacturing process, preferably in hot state, a calibration or calendering, so that the individual filaments are interconnected, which significantly increases the cohesion of these fiber webs.

In general, easy calibration is sufficient.

In preparing these fibrous webs, the filaments are placed on a movable receiving mat after spraying into strands and after stretching by means of a device which utilizes a fluid, especially compressed air. The distribution of the filaments thereon preferably takes place by means of a deflection member. The bundle of filaments arrives at the deflector at a certain angle and, after it has struck the deflector, propagates tangentially with the deflector. The deflector consists of surfaces which may be planar or curved, possibly rotating surfaces · These latter may be concave or convex in relation to the direction in which the filaments arrive at the deflector.

It is known to utilize stationary deflection means which enable regular fiber webs to be provided by a single stationary device. On the other hand, the width of these fiber webs as well as their strength are far from the desired sizes. However, it is advantageous to use devices which provide a wide width, thereby enabling a given width of the finished fiber web to reduce the number of filament forming positions. In order to achieve a sufficiently good propagation, deflection means with complicated surfaces or also movable deflection means must be used which allow for considerable widths, even when using flat deflection means. However, these moving devices are mechanically complicated and expensive, and they are also difficult to precisely regulate, just as they are only slightly stable.

As a result, deflection means have not yet succeeded in simply producing fiber webs which are both durable, regular and sufficiently wide.

It is further known in the manufacture of non-woven fiber webs from chemical filaments, the manufacture of which extends compression and stretching of filaments and deflection on a planar or curved stationary or movable surface, to allow a - 3 - 141868 air jet, which cushions from behind the point , where the filaments hit the deflection member, affect the filaments exactly at the point of contact. This jet of air acts so that enough extra energy is transferred to the deflected filaments so that they can more easily exceed the distance between the outlet end of the deflector and the receiving mat. The air jet is also used to coil the filaments so that they are placed in bends on the horizontally positioned receiving mat. It is also known to use a pressurized fluid jet device positioned in front of the impact point.

The object of the present invention is to provide a single shaped apparatus of the kind set forth above, which enables a deflection member to obtain a bundle of deflected fiber yarns having a significantly better propagation.

According to the invention, this is achieved by the deflection surface being made up of two parts, namely a stationary part, the node to which the filaments fall and at which the long island drainage edge is pivotal! gt fixed a movable part, son is arranged to raise its island-like bearing to perform a reciprocating oscillating movement with a frequency of 1.67 - 1000 Hs.

The part of the finishing surface where the bundle of filaments has a maximum opening, ie * before they hit the moving mat, is always affected by a vibration movement

The deflector as a whole is either stationary or movable, optionally flat. It can be made of any solid material, such as metal, laminated material, which enables a surface friction coefficient which is adaptable to the extruded material and does not impede proper operation of the apparatus. · The vibrating part may consist of metal or a laminate. , name previous name, as well as elastomer, film or paper type product.

The vibrating deflection means allows for better rippling of the filaments, a better distribution of these fiber webs, and a ripple of the bundle before it hits the receiving mat. These improvements make it possible to provide very regular fiber webs.

The vibration limb of the deflection member is provided in any known manner mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, pneumatic; or by means of resonance * The vibrations may also provide; "j is given by means of incident air.

The vibrating end edge generally performs from 100 to 141668 - k - 60,000, preferably 500 to 3000, reciprocating movements per minute, i.e. preferably at a frequency of 8-50 Hz * The amplitude varies depending on the dimension of the vibrating part. generally from 5-30 mm at the end edge of a deflection member whose vibrating portion has a length of 100 mm.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention; and FIG. 2 the same from the front.

In the embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in the figures, a bundle of filaments 1 are emitted from an unexposed extruder which extends strings into a compressed air nozzle 2 and from which the exit nozzle of the nozzle is caused to strike a stationary portion of a deflection member 3 * Precisely at the point where the filament bundle strikes the deflector, a jet of compressed air is emitted by means of a nozzle. k, thereby spreading the bundle. The bundle later encounters a vibrating portion 6 of the deflector. The vibrations are produced e.g. as shown in the figure by means of a square profile comb which is moved by means of an engine M. a three-dimensional bundle. The filaments are then passed on to a receiving mat 3, which is moved at a rate less than that of the filaments, thereby depositing them on the mat in the form of a fibrous web.

The distance between the point of contact of the deflector on the deflector and the receiving mat is adjustable by displacement of the mat. The weight of the fiber web formed can be varied by controlling e.g. on the one hand the velocity of the receiving mat and on the other the amount of material which is ejected as strings. It has been found that the use of a vibrating deflector allows light fiber webs to be produced which exhibit good regularity ·

The "spunbonded" fiber webs which can be made in this way generally weigh between 10 and 2000 gr / m 2. Depending on the desired width of the fiber webs, several members may be mounted side by side containing at least one extruder nozzle for extruding, one stretch nozzle and one vibrating deflector, each filament bundle forming part of the final fiber web in the above manner.

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With rims of the simplicity of the apparatus and oom rims of the simple fitting, the vibrating screening means can be mounted on all apparatus for free-spunbonded fiber webs ·

In order to prevent the deflected blades from interfering with each other during the laying of the mat, it is advantageous to displace them, provided that the distance from the point where the blades affect the finishing means and to the eights is kept constant. For this to be permeable, the finishing means are so displaced that the tangential planes at the point of intersection are parallel and not so conspicuous, so that the trailing points are located on a straight line parallel the plane of the sizing mats.

The final sealing mat 5 may be subjected to a transverse shear movement. This applies to the bodies mentioned above.

The "spunbonded" fiber webs are either bleached or blended in the fabric. They are used either as they are or printed, impregnated, coated powdered adhesive or other products, such as in one or more layers, etc. The fiber webs can be made of material which, if heated, may be adherent, thereby obtaining the thermal adhesion of the single-fiber wires. by a thermal treatment.

Spunbonded fiber webs so manufactured by the apparatus of the invention are used for blades, for apples, for technical applications such as for filtration, in building and public works, for bodywork, for thermal and acoustic insulation.

The use of the apparatus described above is elucidated in the following by means of examples which are not intended to be limiting.

Example 1

A fiber web is desired to be produced by extrusion of strands into two parallel clips, each consisting of 70 filaments with titer 8.8 dtex and of polyethylene glycol terephthalate. The capacity is 20 kg / hour for each extruder nozzle for spraying strings, and the center distance between the two nozzles is 480 mm.

The filaments are then stretched in a nozzle of compressed air to a degree of tension of 3 »5 to then be inserted into a device consisting of a rectilinear tube and a duct not shown so arranged at the end of the tube and comprising a flat surface which inclines 10 ° to the axis of the tube and intersects this axis. As the filaments leave this surface, they fall onto a fixed, vibrating deflection member according to the invention, which has the following characteristics: - a flat, stationary portion of glass having a length of 150 µm and a width of 100 mm and a flat vibrating portion of blue-treated polished steel 150 mm in length and 90 mm wide, the length measured parallel to the receiving mat, - the inclined portion of the solid portion relative to the tube is 125 ° » - the inclination of the fixed part relative to the receiving mat is 45 °, - the vibration speed is 2000 reciprocating movements per second. min., i.e. a frequency of 33.3 Hz;

The filaments arriving from the vibrating deflection member then fall onto a mat which inclines 45 ° to the horizontal. By means of these two means, a textile web having a width of 1 m and a weight varying depending on the velocity of the receiving mat is obtained in accordance with the values in the following table;

Speed 9.6 6.7 3.35 2.20 m / min weight 70 100 200 300 g / ”2 _____

The textile web is then needle-stitched on one side with 50 stitches / cm2 using 9 cm long needles and provided with '3 helical cut edges, each with 3 studs. The needle penetration is 15 mm.

The fiber web weighing 200 g / m 2 exhibits the following mechanical properties:

Fracture strength Fracture elongation Tear strength L ----- -—________ t _________ Longitudinal direction 34 kg 70 # 11.7 kg

Transverse direction 36 kg 54 # 13.5 kg. in____________________

The same fiber web made without the use of vibrating deflector exhibits the following mechanical properties: - 7 - 141688

Fracture strength · Fracture elongation island Tear strength Longitudinal direction 42 kg 60 $ 15 kg

Cross direction 15 kg 33 $ 5 kg

It will be seen that an increase in the isotropy of the textiles has been achieved by the use of the vibrating deflection means.

The textiles thus produced can be used for the manufacture of floorboard and substrate coatings.

Example 2

Nan produces a fiber web with the same extrusion ratios as in Example 1, but with a center distance between the two 720 mm nozzles. Furthermore, the stationary deflection member is replaced by a flat deflector which is subjected to a rotational / translational motion about its mounting shaft (60 reciprocating movements per minute ·) · The vibrating deflector has the following characteristics: - the deflector consists of a plant fixed portion of glass and of a vibrating portion of blue-treated steel with a thickness of 0.2 am, - the dimensions of the fixed portion pea length 150 mm and width 100 am, - the dimensions of the vibrating portion pea length 150 mm and width 90 mm, - the deflection means is arranged such that in its center position it has the longitudinal direction - parallel to the receiving mat, - the deflector forms an angle of 125 ° to the vertical, - the distance from the lower edge of the deflector to the mat is 45 cm, - the distance fta the one in Example 1 device / conduit described for the deflection means is 20 mm, the end of the mat is 690 mm, whereby the point of contact is in the middle of the non-vibrating portion of the deflection means - the vibrating portion has a vibrational velocity of 100O reciprocating movements per second. min ·, ie a frequency of 16.6 Hz, - the amplitude of the end of the vibrating portion is 12 amts, - the vibrational motion of the vibrating portion is generated by an electromagnetic method ·

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With these two means, a fiber web having a width of lt4 n is produced and having a varying weight, as mentioned in Example 1.

A fiber web having a weight of 200 g / m 2 needle stick is treated as in Example 1 - the penetration of the needles is 15 mm - the mechanical properties of the textiles are as follows:

Break strength__Break extension Length direction 35 kg 72 $

Cross-direction 37 kg 55 $

The fiber webs also have a spread of 8.2 $ - spread means the coefficient of variation of the weight, which is calculated from the weight of 400 randomly sampled pieces with a surface of 5 x 5 cm.

Fiber web manufactured under the same conditions but without the use of a vibrating portion exhibits the following properties: - dispersion 9 »-8 $

Breakage Strength Break Requisition Length direction 29 kg 63 $

Cross-direction 40 kg 59 $

It will be seen that the fiber web produced by a vibrating portion exhibits better homogeneity and improved longitudinal breaking strength.

Fiber webs prepared in the manner described above are used for the manufacture of wall coverings.

Example 3

A fiber web having a weight of 120 g / m 2 is prepared by string compression of 6 parallel clips, each of which consists of 60 filaments with titer 4.4 dtex and of the material p o lyethyl engly · carbon terephthalate. The capacity is 9.3 kg / hour for each nozzle for spraying strings, and the center distance between the nozzles is 370 mm.

The filaments are then stretched to a degree of stretch of 3 * 5 in a compressed air nozzle to then descend on a fixed deflection means which is connected to an air nozzle which affects the filament point of the deflection member and is positioned in front of the point of affection. deflected fiber wire direction.

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The deflector has the following characteristics: - the fixed part has a length of 150 mm and a width of 100 h, - the vibrating part has a length of 150 on and a width of 90 m, - the fixed part is made of glass and the vibrating part is made of laminated material, glass or polyester - the amplitude at the end edge of the vibrated part is t 10 mm. The filaments arriving from the vibrating deflection member then fall onto a 45 ° mat that is fed at a speed of 4 m / min ·

The resulting fiber web has a weight of 120 g / m2 and a width of 210 mm and exhibits the following properties: - dispersion: 5 »5 $

Fracture Strength Fracture Elongation Longitudinal 26 kg 65 $

Crosswise 31 kg 5 ^ $

Made without the use of a vibrating portion, a fiber web has a weight of 120 g / m2 having the following characteristics: - spread: 6.5 #

Bride's Turkish Bridal Request Longitudinal 18 kg 50 $

Cross-direction 37 kg 42 $

Thus, the use of the vibrating portion makes it possible to increase the uniformity.

The non-woven material webs made of non-woven material are used in the manufacture of light substrate coatings and as reinforcing materials.