CN103351187B - Method for manufacturing fertilizer and pesticide double-effect organic fertilizer with waste tobacco materials - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing fertilizer and pesticide double-effect organic fertilizer with waste tobacco materials Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103351187B
CN103351187B CN201310315950.9A CN201310315950A CN103351187B CN 103351187 B CN103351187 B CN 103351187B CN 201310315950 A CN201310315950 A CN 201310315950A CN 103351187 B CN103351187 B CN 103351187B
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fertilizer
manufacturing
tobacco
turning
stacking
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CN103351187A (en
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侯永康
李电
李永庆
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Meizhou Eco Funong Agricultural Development Co ltd
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MEIXIAN FUTIAN FERTILIZER Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing fertilizer and pesticide double-effect organic fertilizer with waste tobacco materials, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer manufacturing processes. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) crushing and mixing: crushing the waste tobacco materials, and adding sheep manure accounting for 10-20% of the total weight and mushroom residue accounting for 8-15% of the total weight to prepare a mixed material, (2) fermenting: adding a complex fermenting strain into the mixed material, uniformly stirring, and stacking the mixed material for fermentation, (3) turning a pile: after stacking for 5-10d, turning the pile every other 6-9d, and obtaining a fermented and decomposed material after pile turning for 3-5 times, and (4) mixing: adding dry tobacco powder accounting for 3-8% of the total weight per ton of the fermented and decomposed material, stirring uniformly, drying the material, and manufacturing the granular or powdered organic fertilizer. The method for manufacturing the fertilizer and pesticide double-effect organic fertilizer with the waste tobacco materials is low in production cost and simple and direct in production process, and is used for manufacturing the organic fertilizer.

Description

Manufacture the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of fertilizer, more particularly, relate in particular to a kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers.
Background technology
As everyone knows, extensively and for a long time use in a large number chemical fertilizer, can make soil compaction, soil acidity, the soil organism and nutritive element consumption are violent, and agron reduces, and soil microenvironment is destroyed, thereby directly affect growing of farm crop, reduced output and the quality of agricultural-food.And the plant of long-term application chemical fertilizer is lower to the resistivity of various disease and pests, thereby want a large amount of applying pesticides deinsectization, also caused the severe contamination to environment, agricultural-food have also increased the residual of agricultural chemicals simultaneously.
Fertilizer is a kind of important fertilizer in agricultural fertilizer, can increase agron and fertility, and improvement soil physics and chemical property improve crop yield and quality, significant to farmland Sustainable development.Along with the development of Organic farming, agricultural increases sharply to the demand of fertilizer.Increasing the usage quantity of fertilizer, reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer, is important measures of agricultural sustainable development.Together with traditional compost is deposited in by the ight soil of animal and dead leaf, the stalk of plant are digged pit, carry out retting and ferment to produce organic fertilizer.But the organic fertilizer retting time that this mode is produced is long, raw material sources again unstable, product property is different, easily propagates pathogenic bacteria, roundworm egg and weed seed, makes disease and pest form year by year vicious cycle.
China is the big country of tobacco leaf and production of cigarettes in the world, and the waste amount producing in tobacco production process is very large.These wastes are mainly tobacco leftovers.If dealt with improperly, not only can bring serious pollution to environment, and can cause the waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of manufacturing fertilizer with tobacco leftovers is provided.Be intended to utilize the physics and chemistry characteristic of tobacco leftovers uniqueness, with lower production cost and simple and direct production technique, produce pure natural, green non-pollution and the ecological high fertility fertilizer with pesticide-germicide effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, wherein the method comprises the steps: that (1) is pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 60~80 object tobacco powder, make mixture by the sheep excrement of gross weight interpolation 10~20% and 8~15% mushroom slag; (2) fermentation: complex ferment bacterial classification is added in mixture and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: mixture is 1:80~120; Then mixture stacking is fermented; (3) turning: stacking is after 5~10 days, carried out turning every 6~9 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 3~5 times; (4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds gross weight 3~the 8% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, then material is carried out causing granular or powdery fertilizer after drying treatment.
Above-mentioned manufacture in the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, the described complex ferment bacterial classification of step (2) is mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, aspergillus niger, monascus and yeast complex.
Above-mentioned manufacture in the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, step (2) described by material stirring evenly after, also need to add water the moisture control to 50 of material~60%.
Above-mentioned manufacture in the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, when the described material of step (2) ferments, need to be at surface coverage insulation film, make stacking leavening temperature need to be controlled at 50~70 DEG C, the pathogenic bacteria in material, roundworm egg and weed seed are killed.
Above-mentioned manufactures in the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, and the height that the described buttress of step (2) is piled is 1.3~1.6 meters, and width is 2~2.5 meters.
Above-mentioned manufacture in the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers, step (4) is specially: mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds gross weight 3~the 8% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, add the coal dust ash of gross weight 1~5% to regulate the pH value scope of material between 5.5~8.5 simultaneously, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause granular or powdery fertilizer; Further, described coal dust ash particle order number is: 500~1000 orders.
The present invention adopts after aforesaid method, by adopting tobacco leftovers to manufacture fertilizer, has not only rationally utilized efficiently these waste materials, in producing economic benefit, has also avoided these waste materials to bring pollution to environment.Further, in material after fermentation, add tobacco powder, make fertilizer of the present invention when Soil structure is improved, also utilize fresh nicotine in the tobacco powder insect of driveing, tag, and can effectively kill the harmful germ in soil, the disease such as leaf mold to plant, gray mold, root rot, blight plays good prevention effect.
Manufacture method of the present invention and prepared fertilizer, can reduce the pollution and toxic hazard that chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide stay human environment effectively.Meanwhile, can utilization of waste material save cost.In production of cigarettes process, can reduce disposal of pollutants, stop to damage because burning the pollution that tobacco leftovers produces the Nature, the further perfect industrial chain of tobacco, discharges a strength for promoting environmental protection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not form any limitation of the invention.
A kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) be pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 60~80 object tobacco powder, the mushroom slag that adds 10~20% sheep excrement and 8~15% by gross weight enters and in tobacco powder, makes mixture.By tobacco leftovers fragmentation, can increase the contact surface between material, be conducive to degree of depth fermentation maturity, Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen can be changed into organic matter, the soil ulmin that can be absorbed and used by plants, be conducive to protein, sugar and other useful matter in transformation of tobacco tankage, become the absorbent nutrient of plant.Tobacco leftovers, the offal producing while being mainly tobacco redrying (tobacco leaf vein).Also comprise scarp (tobacco chippings), tobacco powder (tobacco adds the dust in man-hour), waste and old tobacco leaf etc.Tobacco leftovers is containing organic matter 60~65%, nitrogen 1.5~1.9%, phosphorus 0.1~0.5%, potassium 5~6%
Mushroom slag is mainly separated and forms through dismounting by the nutrient pack of having plucked needle mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii, letter happiness mushroom.Mushroom slag is containing organic matter 70~80%, nitrogen 1~2%, phosphorus 0.6~1.5%, potassium 1~1.5%.
Sheep excrement belongs to hot manure, and among excrement class, organic matter is the highest, have immediate effect and long-acting feature, and be the good fertilizer that can play speed combination.It is containing organic matter 25~30%, nitrogen 0.5~1%, phosphorus 0.4~1%, potassium 0.3~0.8%.
(2) fermentation: complex ferment bacterial classification is added in mixture and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: mixture is 1:80~120, then add water the humidity of material is adjusted to 50~60%, be conducive to so the follow-up fermentation of material, and then mixture stacking is fermented, the height of buttress heap is 1.3~1.6 meters, width is 2~2.5 meters, length is not limit, such shape, the obtained optimum structure that makes repeated attempts through for many years, simultaneously, again in conjunction with buttress heap is covered to agricultural plastic film as insulation film, can make material fast heating under the effect of complex ferment bacterial classification, and can make leavening temperature reach 50~70 DEG C of temperature Celsius, the pathogenic bacteria in material, roundworm egg and weed seed are killed.Complex ferment bacterial classification in the present embodiment is mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, aspergillus niger, monascus and yeast complex, and the ratio between various components is about 1:1.
(3) turning: stacking is after 5~10 days, carried out turning every 6~9 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 3~5 times; First fix stacking 5~10 days, can make most material be fermented fully, and then interval turning, can make the moisture content in material obtain certain volatilization, be conducive to the breeding growth of aerobic microbiological probiotics, when making material obtain full and uniform fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed sufficiently uniformly, thereby produced a large amount of compositions that can improve soil and plant nutrition is provided.Stacking and turning time, suitably adjust according to Various Seasonal differing temps.Winter, the number of times of its turning was more than summer because temperature is low.
(4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds gross weight 3~the 8% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, add the coal dust ash of gross weight 1~5% to regulate the pH value scope of material between 5.5~8.5 simultaneously, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause granular or powdery fertilizer.For making the pH value of material even, the coal dust ash particle order number of employing ensures between 500~1000 orders.
(5) inspection: material becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, outward appearance is chocolate or black, hand is grabbed and felt soft, and no foul smell is dissolved in and in water, is black.Press the assay standard of NY525-2012, humidity is below 30%, and pH value is adjusted between 5.5~8.5, and organic more than 45% N, P, K total content are more than 5%, and the whole assay standards that reach MY525-2012 are completely qualified product.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) be pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 60 object tobacco powder, the mushroom slag that adds 10% sheep excrement and 8% by gross weight enters and in tobacco powder, makes mixture.
(2) fermentation: the complex ferment bacterial classification of, aspergillus niger mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, monascus and yeast complex is added in mixture and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: mixture is 1:80; Then add water the humidity of material is adjusted to 50%, and then mixture stacking is fermented, the height of buttress heap is 1.3 meters, width is 2 meters, length is not limit, meanwhile, then in conjunction with buttress heap is covered to agricultural plastic film as insulation film, leavening temperature reaches 50~70 DEG C of temperature Celsius, and the pathogenic bacteria in material and roundworm egg are killed.
(3) turning: stacking is after 5 days, carried out turning every 6 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 3 times;
(4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds the gross weight 3% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, the order number that simultaneously adds gross weight 1% is 500 object coal dust ashes, regulate between pH value scope to 5.5~8.5 of material, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause granular organic fertilizer.
(5) inspection: material becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, and outward appearance is brownish black, hand is grabbed and felt soft, no foul smell, is dissolved in and in water, is black.Press the assay standard of NY525-2012, humidity is below 20%~30%, and pH value is adjusted between 5.5~8.5, and organic more than 45% N, P, K total content are more than 5%, and the whole assay standards that reach MY525-2012 are completely qualified product.
The above-mentioned fertilizer making is chemically examined, and the content results of each active principle is as follows:
Nitrogen N Phosphorus P Potassium K Organic Moisture content Outward appearance
1.7% 0.4% 5.9% 63% 25% Brownish black
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) be pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 70 object tobacco powder, the mushroom slag that adds 15% sheep excrement and 12% by gross weight enters and in tobacco powder, makes mixture.
(2) fermentation: the complex ferment bacterial classification of, aspergillus niger mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, monascus and yeast complex is added in mixture and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: mixture is 1:100; Then add water the humidity of material is adjusted to 55%, and then mixture stacking is fermented, the height of buttress heap is 1.4 meters, width is 2.2 meters, length is not limit, meanwhile, then in conjunction with buttress heap is covered to agricultural plastic film as insulation film, leavening temperature reaches 50~70 DEG C of temperature Celsius, and the pathogenic bacteria in material, roundworm egg and weed seed are killed.
(3) turning: stacking is after 8 days, carried out turning every 7 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 4 times;
(4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds the gross weight 5% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, the order number that simultaneously adds gross weight 3% is 800 object coal dust ashes, regulate between pH value scope to 5.5~8.5 of material, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause powdery fertilizer.
(5) inspection: material becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, and outward appearance is black, hand is grabbed and felt soft, no foul smell, is dissolved in and in water, is black.Press the assay standard of NY525-2012, humidity is below 20%~30%, and pH value is adjusted between 5.5~8.5, and organic more than 45% N, P, K total content are more than 5%, and the whole assay standards that reach MY525-2012 are completely qualified product.
The above-mentioned fertilizer making is chemically examined, and the content results of each active principle is as follows:
Nitrogen N Phosphorus P Potassium K Organic Moisture content Outward appearance
1.6% 0.3% 5.6% 61% 30% Black
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) be pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 80 object tobacco powder, the mushroom slag that adds 20% sheep excrement and 15% by gross weight enters and in tobacco powder, makes mixture.
(2) fermentation: the complex ferment bacterial classification of, aspergillus niger mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, monascus and yeast complex is added in mixture and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: mixture is 1:120; Then add water the humidity of material is adjusted to 60%, and then mixture stacking is fermented, the height of buttress heap is 1.6 meters, width is 2.5 meters, length is not limit, meanwhile, then in conjunction with buttress heap is covered to agricultural plastic film as insulation film, leavening temperature reaches 50~70 DEG C of temperature Celsius, and the pathogenic bacteria in material, roundworm egg and weed seed are killed.
(3) turning: stacking is after 10 days, carried out turning every 9 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 5 times;
(4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds the gross weight 8% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, the order number that simultaneously adds gross weight 5% is 1000 object coal dust ashes, regulate between pH value scope to 5.5~8.5 of material, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause granular organic fertilizer.
(5) inspection: material becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, and outward appearance is chocolate, hand is grabbed and felt soft, no foul smell, is dissolved in and in water, is black.Press the assay standard of NY525-2012, humidity is below 20%~30%, and pH value is adjusted between 5.5~8.5, and organic more than 45% N, P, K total content are more than 5%, and the whole assay standards that reach MY525-2012 are completely qualified product.
The above-mentioned fertilizer making is chemically examined, and the content results of each active principle is as follows:
Nitrogen N Phosphorus P Potassium K Organic Moisture content Outward appearance
1.5% 0.25% 5.3% 60% 20% Chocolate
The fertilizer that the present invention contains fresh tobacco powder, tobacco powder wherein has following beneficial effect:
(1) effect of tobacco powder to soil
Cause the soil hardening to test to life-time service chemical fertilizer: the physical structure that can improve soil; Increase the intermolecular gap of soil; Promote the development of plant roots mass.Can supplement the organic fertilizer efficiency in soil; Change the C/N ratio of soil; Strengthen organic vigor of soil; Alleviate the salinification of soil; Reach the eubiosis of soil.It can also slowly discharge nutrient, is conducive to plant to the absorbing of nutrient, thereby reaches the object that improves farm crop quality, output.
(2) effect of tobacco powder to plant pest
Nicotine in tobacco, because there is severe toxicity, scientists, for a long time by its concentrated adding in agricultural chemicals, is mixed the sterilant use that manufactures chemical property.The seventies in last century, Chinese scholars has just been carried out research widely to plant insecticide.In plant insecticide, nicotine-containing sterilant is had an optimistic view of by people always.Evidence, is used the fertilizer that has nicotine composition to make, and can effectively kill the harmful germ in soil.The diseases such as leaf mold to plant, gray mold, root rot, blight have good prevention effect.
The organic fertilizer that use has nicotine composition to make, its anti-insect effect is better.Pest-resistant spectrum has: Homoptera, lepidopteran, Isoptera and spider type guiding principle, aquatic flea class etc.Wherein Daphnia magna, rice are flown to flea etc. and have powerful killing action; To apple yellow aphid worm, hyalopterus arundinis worm, grain aphid worm, cabbage aphid, navel orange aphid, navel orange root nematode, Howthorn Leaf acarid, grain spider mite, leaf miner, cabbage caterpillar, termite, liriomyza bryoniae, Fushou spiral shell etc. all have stronger poisoning power.Nicotine all has the stronger power of tagging of driveing to various insects, make insect substantially cannot use ground hibernation survive the winter, thereby make plant fundamentally reduce disease and pest.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; and other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. manufacture the method for fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers for one kind, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps: that (1) is pulverized and mixed: by tobacco leftovers fragmentation, make 60~80 object tobacco powder, make semi-product material by the sheep excrement of gross weight interpolation 10~20% and 8~15% mushroom slag; (2) fermentation: complex ferment bacterial classification is added in semi-product material and is stirred, and the part by weight of interpolation is complex ferment bacterial classification: semi-product material is 1:80~120; Then semi-product material stacking is fermented; (3) turning: stacking is after 5~10 days, carried out turning every 6~9 days to buttress heap, and the material of surperficial and periphery is turned over to centre and stirred, and made the material of fermentation maturity after turning 3~5 times; (4) mix: the dry tobacco powder that adds gross weight 3~the 8% per ton material of fermentation maturity is stirred, add the coal dust ash of gross weight 1~5% to regulate the pH value scope of material between 5.5~8.5 simultaneously, then material is carried out to drying treatment, cooling rear moisture controlled between 20~30%, cause granular or powdery fertilizer.
2. the method for manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described complex ferment bacterial classification of step (2) is mould by milk-acid bacteria, subtilis, wood, aspergillus niger, monascus and yeast complex.
3. the method for manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) described by material stirring evenly after, also need to add water the moisture control to 50 of material~60%.
4. the method for manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the described material of step (2) ferments, need to be at surface coverage insulation film, make stacking leavening temperature need to be controlled at 50~70 DEG C, the pathogenic bacteria in material and roundworm egg are killed.
5. the method for manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the height that the described buttress of step (2) is piled is 1.3~1.6 meters, and width is 2~2.5 meters.
6. the method for manufacturing fertile medicine economic benefits and social benefits fertilizer with tobacco leftovers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described coal dust ash particle order number of step (4) is: 500~1000 orders.
CN201310315950.9A 2013-07-25 2013-07-25 Method for manufacturing fertilizer and pesticide double-effect organic fertilizer with waste tobacco materials Expired - Fee Related CN103351187B (en)

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CN102887754A (en) * 2012-11-05 2013-01-23 师宗海利食品有限责任公司 Process for producing marsh gas and bioorganic fertilizer by utilizing tobacco waste

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