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cair

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: CAIR

English

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English cairen, kayren, from Old Norse keyra (“to whip, lash, fling, toss, prick on, drive”), from Proto-Germanic *kaurijaną (“tu turn, sweep”). Cognate with Icelandic keyra (“to run, drive, urge”), Swedish köra (“to drive, go, run”), Danish køre (“to drive”), Norwegian Bokmål kjøre (“to drive”), Norwegian Nynorsk køyra (“to drive”), Old English ċierran (“to turn, change, go, come”). More at char.

Verb

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cair (third-person singular simple present cairs, present participle cairing, simple past and past participle caired)

  1. (intransitive, obsolete) To go.
  2. (transitive, obsolete) To carry.
  3. (transitive, dialectal) To toss backwards and forwards; mix up; overhandle; stir about.

Etymology 2

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Noun

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cair (plural cairs)

  1. Alternative form of caer (“Welsh fortress”)

Anagrams

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Indonesian

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Etymology

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From Malay cair.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃaɪr]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ca‧ir

Adjective

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cair

  1. liquid: flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure.
    Synonym: likuid
  2. thin: of low viscosity or low specific gravity.
    Synonym: encer
    Antonyms: beku, kental, pekat
  3. (figurative) fluid: convertible into cash.
  4. (figurative) able to disbursed
  5. (figurative) leaked: of a document, etc, produced by a company or organization, intended to be confidential but having been released to the public or the press.
    Synonym: bocor
  6. (figurative) weak
    Synonym: lemah

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Malay

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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cair (Jawi spelling چاءير)

  1. liquid: flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure.
  2. thin: of low viscosity or low specific gravity.
    Antonym: kental
  3. (figurative) fluid: convertible into cash.
  4. (figurative) leaked: of a document, etc, produced by a company or organization, intended to be confidential but having been released to the public or the press.
    Synonym: bocor
  5. (figurative) weak
    Synonym: lemah

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Manx

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish cóir, from Old Irish coaïr, cóir.

Adjective

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cair

  1. just, right
  2. due

Noun

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cair f (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])

  1. property
  2. rights, privilege

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Manx mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cair chair gair
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Irish

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Etymology

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Univerbation of cía (“what?”) +‎ air (“for”),[1] although the existence of Middle Welsh pyr (“why?”) suggests the univerbation may have happened already in Proto–Insular Celtic.

Thurneysen suggests that the above etymology applies only to the sense “why?”, while the interrogative particle is from Latin quaere.[2] This seems unnecessary, especially since quaere itself is never used this way.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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cair

  1. why?

Particle

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cair

  1. particle introducing a direct question, generally used in addition to another question word such as in or a wh-word

Quotations

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  • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b11
    Cair in sí a méit fris·comartatar co ndo⟨d⟩sitis huili a fide Christi? Non; do nertad Iude trá inso lessom.
    Have they offended so greatly that all should fall from the faith of Christ? No; he considers this, then, for the exhortation of the Jews.

References

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  1. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 521.2, page 201
  2. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 460, page 289; reprinted 2017

Further reading

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Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese caer, from Late Latin cadēre, from Latin cadĕre, from Proto-Italic *kadō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱad- (“to fall”). Cognate with Galician caer and Spanish caer.

Pronunciation

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  • Homophone: caí (Brazil, only with a dropped -r)
  • Hyphenation: ca‧ir

Verb

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cair (first-person singular present caio, first-person singular preterite caí, past participle caído) (intransitive)

  1. to fall; to fall down; to drop
    A maçã caiu. ― The apple fell.
  2. to fall (to fall so it is no longer attached to or on top of something) [with de ‘from’]
    O livro caiu da mesa. ― The book fell from the table.
    A maçã caiu do galho. ― The apple fell from the branch.
  3. (figurative) to fall; to collapse (to be overthrown, defeated or annulled)
    O novo governo logo cairá. ― The new government will fall soon.
  4. to suit (to be appropriate or suitable), to be fitting [with bem ‘well’ or mal ‘badly’, along with com or em ‘someone’]
    Um vestido preto cairia bem nela. ― A black dress would suit her well.
    Um vinhozinho cai bem. ― Some wine would be nice.
  5. to go down (of food) (to be eaten with or without causing indigestion) [with bem ‘well’ or mal ‘badly’]
    Essa pizza podre me caiu mal. ― This rotten pizza didn’t go down well.
  6. to fall, to decrease (to lower in value or quantity)
    Espero que o preço dos livros caia. ― I hope that the price of the books falls.
  7. to get disconnected, to be interrupted (of a call or connection)
    Caiu a ligação. ― The connection dropped.
  8. (euphemistic) to fall (to die in battle)
    Muitos dos nossos soldados caíram naquela guerra. ― Many of our soldiers fell in that war.
  9. to be present (of a subject or question) [with em ‘in a test’]
    Caiu uma pergunta sobre a revolução. ― There was a question about the revolution.
    Eu não tinha estudado nada do que caiu na prova. ― I hadn’t studied anything that was in the test.
  10. to be available (of money) [with em ‘in a bank account’]
    Meu salário já caiu na minha conta bancária. ― My salary is already available in my bank account.

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of cair (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal cair
Personal cair caíres cair cairmos cairdes caírem
Gerund
caindo
Past participle
Masculine caído caídos
Feminine caída caídas
Indicative
Present caio cais cai caímos caís caem
Imperfect caía caías caía caíamos caíeis caíam
Preterite caí caíste caiu caímos caístes caíram
Pluperfect caíra caíras caíra caíramos caíreis caíram
Future cairei cairás cairá cairemos caireis cairão
Conditional cairia cairias cairia cairíamos cairíeis cairiam
Subjunctive
Present caia caias caia caiamos caiais caiam
Imperfect caísse caísses caísse caíssemos caísseis caíssem
Future cair caíres cair cairmos cairdes caírem
Imperative
Affirmative cai caia caiamos caí caiam
Negative (não) não caias não caia não caiamos não caiais não caiam

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Macanese: cai

References

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  • “cair” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
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