WO2012101820A1 - 加飾シート及びそれを用いてなる加飾樹脂成形品 - Google Patents
加飾シート及びそれを用いてなる加飾樹脂成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012101820A1 WO2012101820A1 PCT/JP2011/051796 JP2011051796W WO2012101820A1 WO 2012101820 A1 WO2012101820 A1 WO 2012101820A1 JP 2011051796 W JP2011051796 W JP 2011051796W WO 2012101820 A1 WO2012101820 A1 WO 2012101820A1
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- meth
- acrylate
- resin
- decorative sheet
- protective layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
- B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
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- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/12—Chemical modification
- C08J7/16—Chemical modification with polymerisable compounds
- C08J7/18—Chemical modification with polymerisable compounds using wave energy or particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D143/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D169/00—Coating compositions based on polycarbonates; Coating compositions based on derivatives of polycarbonates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/068—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using ionising radiations (gamma, X, electrons)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14688—Coating articles provided with a decoration
- B29C2045/14729—Coating articles provided with a decoration decorations not in contact with injected material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
- B29C45/14811—Multilayered articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
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- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
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- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B32B2451/00—Decorative or ornamental articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2343/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2343/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a decorative sheet having a surface protective layer made of a cured product of a specific ionizing radiation curable resin composition.
- Decorative resin molded products decorated by laminating decorative sheets on the surface of molded products are used in various applications such as vehicle interior parts.
- the decorative sheet is formed into a three-dimensional shape in advance by a vacuum mold, the molded sheet is inserted into an injection mold, and the resin in a fluid state is placed in the mold.
- An insert molding method for example, refer to Patent Document 1 for injecting a resin and a molded sheet, and a decorative sheet inserted into a mold at the time of injection molding, and a molten resin injected and injected into a cavity
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 an injection molding simultaneous decorating method that integrates and decorates the surface of the resin molded body.
- the above decorative resin molded product is provided with a surface protective layer for the purpose of improving the scratch resistance of the surface.
- the decorative sheet in the insert molding method, is preliminarily formed into a three-dimensional (three-dimensional) shape by a vacuum mold, and in the simultaneous injection molding method, the decorative sheet is preliminarily used.
- the decorative sheet is molded by vacuum / pneumatic action or by pulling of molten resin pressure or shear stress. Since the film is stretched beyond the minimum necessary amount to conform to the shape, there has been a problem that the surface protective layer of the curved surface portion of the molded product is cracked.
- the surface protective layer containing the uncured resin component is easily damaged and difficult to handle, and there is a problem of mold contamination due to the uncured resin component adhering to the mold.
- there is a method of providing a protective film on the semi-cured surface protective layer In order to solve this problem, there is a method of providing a protective film on the semi-cured surface protective layer.
- the manufacturing is complicated and the cost is increased. Therefore, a surface protective layer that can achieve both scratch resistance and three-dimensional formability is desired.
- a polycarbonate (meth) acrylate-containing resin composition is known (for example, Patent Documents 5 to 10), and a yellowish polycarbonate urethane acrylate oligomer is used as an inner colored sheet on the back side of a surface transparent sheet of a decorative sheet for insert molding.
- Patent Document 11 a resin composition containing a small amount
- polycarbonate (meth) acrylate for the surface protective layer of the decorative sheet.
- acrylic silicone resin has a structure in which acrylic polymer chains are firmly cross-linked by siloxane bonds, has excellent weather resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and water resistance, and is widely used in exterior paints. Yes.
- the formed film may become hard and brittle and cracks may occur.
- curing treatment such as ultraviolet curing (for example, (See Patent Documents 12 to 14).
- JP 2004-322501 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-19132 Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-17255 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-134859 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-24809 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-181517 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-44913 JP 2000-53887 A JP 2000-198840 A JP 2000-351843 A JP 2003-145573 A JP-A-6-57199 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1000079 JP-A-6-287470
- An object of the present invention is to provide a decorative sheet having a surface protective layer capable of achieving both scratch resistance and three-dimensional formability under such circumstances.
- the present inventors have solved the above problems by making the surface protective layer of the decorative sheet a cured product of a specific ionizing radiation curable resin composition. Found to get.
- the present invention has been completed based on such findings.
- the present invention (1) A decorative sheet having at least a surface protective layer on a substrate, the surface protective layer containing at least a polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) and a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B), and a mass A decorative sheet comprising a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition having a ratio (A) / (B) of (98/2) to (70/30); (2) A decorative sheet having at least a surface protective layer on a substrate, the surface protective layer containing at least an acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) and a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B), A decorative sheet comprising a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition having a mass ratio (C) / (B) of (50/50) to (95/5), and (3) the above ( The present invention provides a decorative resin molded product using the decorative sheet according to 1) or (2).
- the surface protective layer satisfies both excellent scratch resistance and good three-dimensional formability, and further, the surface protective layer has excellent chemical resistance and scratch resistance. 3D moldability is satisfied at the same time, so that both the insert molding method and the injection molding simultaneous decorating method do not cause cracks in the surface protective layer and are easily decorated in three dimensions. Can be obtained.
- the decorative sheet according to the first aspect of the present invention is a decorative sheet having at least a surface protective layer on a substrate, and the surface protective layer is at least a polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) and a polyfunctional (meth). It is characterized by comprising a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition containing acrylate (B) and having a mass ratio (A) / (B) of (98/2) to (70/30).
- the ionizing radiation curable resin composition refers to a composition containing an ionizing radiation curable resin.
- the ionizing radiation curable resin refers to a resin having an energy quantum capable of crosslinking and polymerizing molecules in an electromagnetic wave or a charged particle beam, that is, a resin that is crosslinked and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays or electron beams.
- electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and ⁇ -rays
- charged particle beams such as ⁇ -rays and ion beams can also be used as ionizing radiation.
- at least polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) and polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) are used as the ionizing radiation curable resin.
- the mass ratio (A) / (B) of the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) to the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) is (95/5) to (80/20).
- “(meth) acrylate” means “acrylate or methacrylate”, and other similar things have the same meaning.
- the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a carbonate bond in the polymer main chain and a (meth) acrylate in the terminal or side chain.
- the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate preferably has two or more functional groups from the viewpoint of crosslinking and curing.
- the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) is obtained, for example, by converting part or all of the hydroxyl groups of the polycarbonate polyol into (meth) acrylate (acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid ester). This esterification reaction can be performed by a normal esterification reaction.
- 1) a method of condensing polycarbonate polyol and acrylic acid halide or methacrylic acid halide in the presence of a base 2) a method of condensing polycarbonate polyol and acrylic acid anhydride or methacrylic acid anhydride in the presence of a catalyst, or 3) the method of condensing polycarbonate polyol and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.
- the above polycarbonate polyol is a polymer having a carbonate bond in the polymer main chain and having 2 or more, preferably 2 to 50, more preferably 3 to 50 hydroxyl groups in the terminal or side chain.
- a typical method for producing this polycarbonate polyol is a method by a polycondensation reaction from a diol compound (d), a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol (e), and a compound (f) serving as a carbonyl component.
- the diol compound (d) used as a raw material is represented by the general formula HO—R 1 —OH.
- R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and the group may contain an ether bond.
- diol compound examples include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, , 5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,3-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene, 1,4-bis (2 -Hydroxyethoxy) benzene, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and the like. These diols may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- examples of the trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol (e) include alcohols such as trimethylolpurpan, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, glycerin and sorbitol. Furthermore, alcohols having a hydroxyl group obtained by adding 1 to 5 equivalents of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or other alkylene oxide to the hydroxyl group of these polyhydric alcohols may be used. These polyhydric alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compound (f) serving as the carbonyl component is any compound selected from carbonic acid diester, phosgene, and equivalents thereof. Specific examples thereof include carbonic acid diesters such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diisopropyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, phosgene, and halogenated formates such as methyl chloroformate, ethyl chloroformate and phenyl chloroformate. Etc. These may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the polycarbonate polyol is synthesized by subjecting the above-described diol compound (d), a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol (e), and a compound (f) to be a carbonyl component to a polycondensation reaction under general conditions.
- the charged molar ratio (d) / (e) between the diol compound (d) and the polyhydric alcohol (e) is preferably in the range of (50/50) to (99/1).
- the charged molar ratio of the component compound (f) to the diol compound (d) and the polyhydric alcohol (e) is preferably 0.2 to 2 equivalents relative to the hydroxyl group of the diol compound and the polyhydric alcohol. .
- the number of equivalents (eq./mol) of hydroxyl groups present in the polycarbonate polyol after the polycondensation reaction at the above charge ratio is 3 or more on average in one molecule, preferably 3 to 50, more preferably 3 to 20. Within this range, a necessary amount of (meth) acrylate groups are formed by the esterification reaction described later, and moderate flexibility is imparted to the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate resin.
- the terminal functional group of this polycarbonate polyol is usually an OH group, but a part thereof may be a carbonate group.
- the method for producing the polycarbonate polyol described above is described in, for example, JP-A No. 64-1726.
- the polycarbonate polyol can also be produced by an ester exchange reaction between a polycarbonate diol and a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol as described in JP-A-3-181517.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) used in the present invention is measured by GPC analysis, and the weight average molecular weight converted to standard polystyrene is preferably 500 or more, and preferably 1,000 or more. Is more preferable, and it is more preferable that it exceeds 2,000.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate (meth) acrylate (A) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100,000 or less and more preferably 50,000 or less from the viewpoint of controlling the viscosity not to be too high. From the viewpoint of achieving both scratch resistance and three-dimensional formability, it is more preferably more than 2,000 and not more than 50,000, and particularly preferably 5,000 to 20,000.
- the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a bifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate. However, trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylates are preferred from the viewpoint of curability.
- the n function means having n ethylenically unsaturated bonds ⁇ (meth) acryloyl group ⁇ in the molecule.
- the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) may be either an oligomer or a monomer, but a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate oligomer is preferable from the viewpoint of improving three-dimensional moldability.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylate oligomer examples include urethane (meth) acrylate oligomers, epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomers, polyester (meth) acrylate oligomers, and polyether (meth) acrylate oligomers.
- the urethane (meth) acrylate oligomer can be obtained, for example, by esterifying a polyurethane oligomer obtained by the reaction of polyether polyol or polyester polyol and polyisocyanate with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomer can be obtained, for example, by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with an oxirane ring of a relatively low molecular weight bisphenol type epoxy resin or novolak type epoxy resin and esterifying it.
- a carboxyl-modified epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomer obtained by partially modifying this epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomer with a dibasic carboxylic acid anhydride can also be used.
- polyester (meth) acrylate oligomers examples include esterification of hydroxyl groups of polyester oligomers having hydroxyl groups at both ends obtained by condensation of polyvalent carboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols with (meth) acrylic acid, It can be obtained by esterifying the terminal hydroxyl group of an oligomer obtained by adding alkylene oxide to a monovalent carboxylic acid with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the polyether (meth) acrylate oligomer can be obtained by esterifying the hydroxyl group of the polyether polyol with (meth) acrylic acid.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylate oligomers include polybutadiene (meth) acrylate oligomers with high hydrophobicity having (meth) acrylate groups in the side chain of polybutadiene oligomers, and silicones (meta-methacrylate) having polysiloxane bonds in the main chain.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer examples include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6- Hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl di (meth) acrylate, caprolactone modified di Cyclopentenyl di (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide modified phosphoric acid di (meth) acrylate, allylated cyclohexyl di (meth) acrylate, isocyanurate di (meth) acrylate, trimethylol proppant (Meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth)
- the decorative sheet according to the second aspect of the present invention is a decorative sheet having at least a surface protective layer on a substrate, and the surface protective layer comprises at least an acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) and a polyfunctional (meta And acrylate (B), and a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition having a mass ratio (C) / (B) of (50/50) to (95/5).
- the ionizing radiation curable resin composition, the ionizing radiation curable resin, and the ionizing radiation are as described above.
- at least acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) and polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) are used as the ionizing radiation curable resin.
- the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a part of the acrylic resin structure is substituted with a siloxane bond (Si—O) in one molecule, and the functional group. As long as it has two or more (meth) acryloyloxy groups (acryloyloxy group or methacryloyloxy group) at the side chain and / or main chain terminal of the acrylic resin.
- the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) for example, a structure of an acrylic resin having a siloxane bond in a side chain as disclosed in JP-A-2007-070544 is preferable.
- the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) used in the present invention can be synthesized, for example, by radical copolymerizing a silicone macromonomer with a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator.
- examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. These (meth) acrylate monomers are used alone or in combination of two.
- the silicone macromonomer is synthesized, for example, by living anion polymerization of hexaalkylcyclotrisiloxane using n-butyllithium or lithium silanolate as a polymerization initiator and capping with a radically polymerizable unsaturated group-containing silane.
- a silicone macromonomer following formula (1);
- R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group or an n-butyl group.
- R 2 represents a monovalent organic group, —CH ⁇ CH 2 , —C 6 H 4 —CH ⁇ CH 2 , — (CH 2 ) 3 O (CO) CH ⁇ CH 2 or — (CH 2 ) 3 O (CO) C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 is preferred.
- R 3 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.
- the numerical value of n is not particularly limited, and for example, the number average molecular weight of the silicone macromonomer is preferably 1000 to 30000, and more preferably 1000 to 20000.
- the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) obtained by using the above-mentioned raw materials has structural units represented by the following formulas (2), (3) and (4), for example.
- R 1 and R 3 have the same meanings as in formula (1)
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 5 represents the (meth) acrylate.
- R 6 is an organic compound having a (meth) acryloyloxy group. Indicates a group.
- the above-mentioned acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) is used alone or in combination of two.
- the molecular weight of the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) is measured by GPC analysis, and the weight average molecular weight converted to standard polystyrene is preferably 1,000 or more, and is 2,000 or more. Is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150,000 or less and more preferably 100,000 or less from the viewpoint of controlling the viscosity not to be too high. From the viewpoint of establishing three-dimensional formability, chemical resistance, and scratch resistance, it is particularly preferably 2,000 to 100,000.
- the average molecular weight between crosslinking points of the acrylic silicone (meth) acrylate (C) is preferably 100 to 2,500. If the average molecular weight between crosslinking points is 100 or more, it is preferable from the viewpoint of three-dimensional formability, and if it is 2,500 or less, it is preferable from the viewpoint of chemical resistance and scratch resistance.
- the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) used in the second invention is the same as the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B) used in the first invention.
- the Young's modulus in the test method described later is preferably 60 to 2,000 MPa, and preferably 100 to 1,500 MPa. More preferably.
- a monofunctional (meth) acrylate is suitably used in combination as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired for the purpose of reducing the viscosity. Can do.
- Examples of monofunctional (meth) acrylates include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl ( Examples include meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, and isobornyl (meth) acrylate. These monofunctional (meth) acrylates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an ultraviolet curable resin composition When an ultraviolet curable resin composition is used as the ionizing radiation curable resin composition, it is desirable to add about 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ultraviolet curable resin. .
- the initiator for photopolymerization can be appropriately selected from those conventionally used, and is not particularly limited.
- benzoin benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin-n-butyl ether, benzoin Isobutyl ether, acetophenone, dimethylaminoacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1- Hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholino-propan-1-one, 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl-2 (hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone, Nzophenone, p-phenylbenzophenone, 4,4′-diethylaminobenzophenone, dichlorobenzophenone, 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone
- an electron beam curable resin composition as the ionizing radiation curable resin composition. This is because the electron beam curable resin composition can be made solvent-free, is more preferable from the viewpoint of environment and health, and does not require a photopolymerization initiator, and can provide stable curing characteristics.
- various additives can be mix
- this additive include a weather resistance improver, an abrasion resistance improver, a polymerization inhibitor, a crosslinking agent, an infrared absorber, an antistatic agent, an adhesion improver, a leveling agent, a thixotropic agent, a coupling agent, A plasticizer, an antifoamer, a filler, a solvent, a coloring agent, etc. are mentioned.
- the weather resistance improving agent an ultraviolet absorber or a light stabilizer can be used as the weather resistance improving agent.
- the ultraviolet absorber may be either inorganic or organic.
- organic ultraviolet absorber titanium dioxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide or the like having an average particle size of about 5 to 120 nm can be preferably used.
- organic ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazoles, specifically 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert- And amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 3- [3- (benzotriazol-2-yl) -5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] propionic acid ester of polyethylene glycol, and the like.
- examples of light stabilizers include hindered amines, specifically 2- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2′-n-butylmalonate bis (1,2,2). , 6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl), bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)- 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate and the like.
- the ultraviolet absorber or light stabilizer a reactive ultraviolet absorber or light stabilizer having a polymerizable group such as a (meth) acryloyl group in the molecule can be used. Moreover, it can also be copolymerized and used to such an extent that the performance (scratch resistance and three-dimensional moldability) as a surface protective layer of the polymer of this invention is not impaired.
- Examples of the wear resistance improver include spherical particles such as ⁇ -alumina, silica, kaolinite, iron oxide, diamond, and silicon carbide as inorganic substances.
- Examples of the particle shape include a sphere, an ellipsoid, a polyhedron, a scale shape, and the like. Although there is no particular limitation, a spherical shape is preferable.
- Organic materials include synthetic resin beads such as cross-linked acrylic resin and polycarbonate resin. The particle size is usually about 30 to 200% of the film thickness.
- spherical ⁇ -alumina is particularly preferable because it has high hardness and a large effect on improving wear resistance, and it is relatively easy to obtain spherical particles.
- Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, pyrogallol, and t-butylcatechol.
- Examples of the crosslinking agent include a polyisocyanate compound, an epoxy compound, a metal chelate compound, an aziridine compound, and an oxazoline compound. Used.
- As the filler for example, barium sulfate, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide and the like are used.
- Examples of the colorant include known coloring pigments such as quinacridone red, isoindolinone yellow, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, titanium oxide, and carbon black.
- As the infrared absorber for example, a dithiol metal complex, a phthalocyanine compound, a diimmonium compound, or the like is used.
- FIG. Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram showing the section of one mode of decoration sheet 10 of the present invention at the time of using for insert molding.
- a picture layer 12, a primer layer 13, and a surface protective layer 14 are sequentially laminated on a base material 11.
- the surface protective layer 14 is formed by crosslinking and curing the above-mentioned ionizing radiation curable resin composition.
- the substrate 11 is selected in consideration of suitability for vacuum forming, and typically a resin sheet made of a thermoplastic resin is used.
- a resin sheet made of a thermoplastic resin is used.
- the thermoplastic resin generally, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (hereinafter referred to as “ABS resin”), polyolefin resin such as acrylic resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc. are used.
- ABS resin acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin
- polyolefin resin such as acrylic resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc.
- the base material 11 can be used as a single layer sheet of these resins or a multilayer sheet of the same kind or different kind of resin.
- the thickness of the base material is selected according to the application, but is usually about 0.05 to 1.0 mm, and is generally about 0.1 to 0.7 mm in consideration of cost and the like
- These base materials can be subjected to physical or chemical surface treatment such as an oxidation method or an unevenness method on one side or both sides, if desired, in order to improve the adhesion with the layer provided thereon.
- the oxidation method include corona discharge treatment, chromium oxidation treatment, flame treatment, hot air treatment, ozone / ultraviolet treatment method, and examples of the unevenness method include a sand blast method and a solvent treatment method.
- These surface treatments are appropriately selected depending on the type of substrate, but generally, a corona discharge treatment method is preferably used from the viewpoints of effects and operability.
- the base material may be subjected to a treatment such as forming a primer layer, or a coating for adjusting color or a pattern from a design viewpoint may be formed in advance.
- the pattern layer 12 shown in FIG. 1 gives decorativeness to the decorative resin molded product, and is formed by printing various patterns using ink and a printing machine.
- Patterns include stone patterns that mimic the surface of rocks, such as wood grain patterns, marble patterns (for example, travertine marble patterns), fabric patterns that simulate cloth and cloth-like patterns, tiled patterns, brickwork patterns, etc. There are also patterns such as marquetry and patchwork that combine these. These patterns are formed by multicolor printing with the usual yellow, red, blue and black process colors, as well as by multicolor printing with special colors prepared by preparing the individual color plates constituting the pattern. Is done.
- a binder and a colorant such as a pigment and a dye, an extender pigment, a solvent, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, a catalyst, and a curing agent are appropriately mixed.
- the binder is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyurethane resins, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer resins, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate / acrylic copolymer resins, chlorinated polypropylene resins, acrylic resins, and polyesters.
- Arbitrary resins, polyamide resins, butyral resins, polystyrene resins, nitrocellulose resins, cellulose acetate resins and the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Colorants include carbon black (black), iron black, titanium white, antimony white, yellow lead, titanium yellow, petal, cadmium red, ultramarine, cobalt blue and other inorganic pigments, quinacridone red, isoindolinone yellow, phthalocyanine Organic pigments or dyes such as blue, metal pigments composed of scaly foil pieces such as aluminum and brass, pearlescent pigments composed of scaly foil pieces such as titanium dioxide-coated mica and basic lead carbonate, and the like are used.
- the decorative sheet 10 of the present invention may be provided with a concealing layer (not shown) between the base material 11 and the pattern layer 12 as desired. It is provided for the purpose of preventing the color of the pattern of the decorative sheet 10 from being affected by changes and variations in the color of the surface of the substrate 11. Usually, it is often formed with an opaque color, and a so-called solid printing layer having a thickness of about 1 to 20 ⁇ m is preferably used.
- a primer layer 13 is provided between the pattern layer 12 and the surface protective layer 14 as desired in order to make it difficult for fine cracks and whitening to occur in the stretched portion of the surface protective layer 14. it can.
- the primer composition constituting the primer layer 13 is (meth) acrylic resin, urethane resin, (meth) acrylic / urethane copolymer resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester resin, butyral resin, chlorinated polypropylene, What uses chlorinated polyethylene etc. as binder resin is used preferably, These resin can be used 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- urethane resin, (meth) acrylic resin, and (meth) acrylic / urethane copolymer resin are preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of chemical resistance and adhesion with the surface protective layer 14, it is preferable to use a crosslinking agent in the formation of the primer layer 14.
- (Meth) acrylic resins include (meth) acrylic acid ester homopolymers, copolymers of two or more different (meth) acrylic acid ester monomers, or (meth) acrylic acid esters and other monomers.
- Polymers and specifically, poly (meth) methyl acrylate, poly (meth) ethyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate propyl, poly (meth) acrylate butyl, methyl (meth) acrylate (Meth) butyl acrylate copolymer, (meth) ethyl acrylate / (meth) butyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene / (meth) methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene / methyl (meth) acrylate copolymer
- (meth) acryl means acryl or methacryl.
- polyurethane resin polyurethane having a polyol (polyhydric alcohol) as a main ingredient and an isocyanate as a crosslinking agent (curing agent) can be used.
- polyol polyhydric alcohol
- isocyanate as a crosslinking agent
- the polyol one having two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule, for example, polyester polyol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, acrylic polyol, polyether polyol and the like are used.
- isocyanate examples include polyvalent isocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups in the molecule, aromatic isocyanate such as 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, or hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- aromatic isocyanate such as 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, or hexamethylene diisocyanate
- isophorone diisocyanate hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate
- hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic (or alicyclic) isocyanates such as are used. It is also possible to mix urethane resin and butyral resin.
- acrylic polyol or polyester polyol as the polyol and hexamethylene diisocyanate or 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate as the crosslinking agent.
- a combination of acrylic polyol and hexamethylene diisocyanate is particularly preferable.
- the (meth) acryl / urethane copolymer resin for example, an acrylic / urethane (polyester urethane) block copolymer resin is preferable.
- the curing agent the above-mentioned various isocyanates are used.
- the acrylic / urethane (polyester urethane) block copolymer resin has an acrylic / urethane ratio (mass ratio) of preferably (9/1) to (1/9), more preferably (8/2) to (2), as desired. Since it can be adjusted within the range of / 8) and used for various decorative sheets, it is particularly preferable as a resin used in the primer composition.
- the decorative sheet 10 of the present invention is provided with an adhesive layer (not shown) on the back surface (surface opposite to the surface protective layer 14) of the decorative sheet 10 as desired in order to improve the adhesion with the injection resin. be able to.
- a thermoplastic resin or a curable resin is used for the adhesive layer depending on the injection resin.
- thermoplastic resins include acrylic resins, acrylic-modified polyolefin resins, chlorinated polyolefin resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, thermoplastic urethane resins, thermoplastic polyester resins, polyamide resins, rubber resins, etc. Can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thermosetting resin include urethane resin and epoxy resin.
- the surface protective layer 14 can be formed by preparing a coating liquid containing the above-mentioned ionizing radiation curable resin composition, applying it, and crosslinking and curing it.
- the viscosity of a coating liquid should just be a viscosity which can form a non-hardened resin layer on the surface of a base material by the below-mentioned coating system, and there is no restriction
- the prepared coating liquid is applied to the surface of the pattern layer 12 or the primer layer 13 so that the thickness after curing is 1 to 1000 ⁇ m, such as gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, reverse roll coating.
- the coating is performed by a known method such as comma coating, preferably gravure coating, to form an uncured resin layer.
- the uncured resin layer thus formed is irradiated with ionizing radiation such as an electron beam and ultraviolet rays to cure the uncured resin layer.
- ionizing radiation such as an electron beam and ultraviolet rays
- the acceleration voltage can be appropriately selected according to the resin to be used and the thickness of the layer, but the uncured resin layer is usually cured at an acceleration voltage of about 70 to 300 kV. preferable.
- the transmission capability increases as the acceleration voltage is higher, when using a base material that deteriorates due to the electron beam as the base material 11, the transmission depth of the electron beam and the thickness of the resin layer are By selecting the accelerating voltage so as to be substantially equal, it is possible to suppress the irradiation of the extra electron beam to the base material 11 and to minimize the deterioration of the base material due to the excess electron beam.
- the irradiation dose is preferably such that the crosslink density of the resin layer is saturated, and is usually selected in the range of 5 to 300 kGy (0.5 to 30 Mrad), preferably 10 to 50 kGy (1 to 5 Mrad).
- the electron beam source is not particularly limited.
- various electron beam accelerators such as a cockroft Walton type, a bandegraft type, a resonant transformer type, an insulated core transformer type, a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type. Can be used.
- ultraviolet rays When ultraviolet rays are used as ionizing radiation, those containing ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 190 to 380 nm are emitted.
- an ultraviolet-ray source For example, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a carbon arc lamp, etc. are used.
- the cured resin layer thus formed has various functions by adding various additives, for example, high hardness and scratch resistance, so-called hard coat function, anti-fogging coating function, anti-fouling coating.
- hard coat function for example, high hardness and scratch resistance
- anti-fogging coating function for example, anti-fouling coating.
- anti-fogging coating function for example, anti-fouling coating.
- anti-fogging coating function anti-fouling coating.
- a function, an antiglare coating function, an antireflection coating function, an ultraviolet shielding coating function, an infrared shielding coating function, and the like can also be imparted.
- the thickness of the surface protective layer 14 after curing is preferably 1 to 1000 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the surface protective layer 14 after curing is 1 ⁇ m or more, sufficient physical properties as a protective layer such as scratch resistance and weather resistance can be obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the surface protective layer 14 after curing is 1000 ⁇ m or less, it is easy to uniformly apply ionizing radiation, and uniform curing is easily obtained, which is economically advantageous. Further, by setting the thickness of the surface protective layer 14 after curing to more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1 to 30 ⁇ m, the three-dimensional formability is improved, and a complicated three-dimensional shape such as automobile interior use is obtained. High followability can be obtained.
- the decorative sheet of the present invention even if a hard ionizing radiation curable resin is blended, excellent three-dimensional formability can be expressed, and the coating film is hardened without impairing the three-dimensional formability. Therefore, it is possible to provide excellent scratch resistance that is preferable in terms of processing and practical use. Since the decorative sheet of the present invention can provide a sufficiently high three-dimensional formability even if the surface protective layer 14 is made thicker than the conventional one, a particularly high film thickness is required for the surface protective layer. It is also useful as a decorative sheet for a member such as a vehicle exterior part.
- the pattern layer 12 is formed by a normal printing method such as gravure printing.
- the concealing layer is formed by a normal printing method such as gravure printing or a normal coating method such as gravure coating, gravure reverse coating, gravure offset coating, spinner coating, roll coating, reverse roll coating.
- Primer layer 13 and adhesive layer are gravure coat, gravure reverse coat, gravure offset coat, spinner coat, roll coat, reverse roll coat, kiss coat, wheeler coat, dip coat, silk screen solid coat, wire bar coat, flow coat, comma It is formed by a usual coating method such as a coat, a flow coat, a brush coating, a spray coating, or a transfer coating method.
- the transfer coating method is a method in which a primer layer 13 or an adhesive layer is once formed on a thin sheet (film substrate), and then the target layer surface in the decorative sheet 10 is coated.
- the thickness of the pattern layer 12 is appropriately selected depending on the pattern.
- the thickness of the shielding layer is about 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the primer layer 13 is preferably about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m. When it is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the effect of preventing the surface protective layer from cracking, breaking, whitening, etc. can be sufficiently exerted. On the other hand, if the thickness of the primer layer is 10 ⁇ m or less, it is preferable that the three-dimensional formability does not fluctuate since the drying and curing of the coating film is stable when the primer layer is applied. From the above points, the thickness of the primer layer is more preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m. Similarly, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the decorative sheet of the present invention can be used for various injection molding methods such as insert molding method, injection molding simultaneous decoration method, blow molding method, gas injection molding method, etc. Preferably used.
- the decorative sheet of the present invention in the vacuum forming process, is vacuum formed into a surface shape of the molded product in advance (off-line pre-molding) with a vacuum forming die, and then the excess portion is trimmed as necessary to form a molded sheet. Get.
- This molded sheet is inserted into an injection mold, the injection mold is clamped, the resin in a fluid state is injected into the mold and solidified, and the decorative sheet is integrated on the outer surface of the resin molding simultaneously with the injection molding. To produce decorative resin molded products.
- thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ABS resins, styrene resins, polycarbonate resins, acrylic resins and vinyl chloride resins are typical.
- thermosetting resins such as urethane resins and epoxy resins can be used depending on the application.
- the decorative sheet of the present invention is placed in a female mold that is also used as a vacuum forming mold provided with a suction hole for injection molding, and pre-molding (in-line pre-molding) with this female mold ),
- the injection mold is clamped, the resin in a fluid state is injected into the mold, solidified, and the decorative sheet is integrated with the outer surface of the resin molding simultaneously with the injection molding, Manufactures decorative resin molded products.
- the decorative sheet receives heat pressure from the injection resin, and therefore, if the decorative sheet is close to a flat plate and the aperture of the decorative sheet is small, the decorative sheet may or may not be preheated.
- the same resin as described in the insert molding method can be used.
- the decorative resin molded body produced as described above has good three-dimensional formability without cracking in the surface protective layer during the molding process, and the surface has high scratch resistance. In addition, the solvent resistance and chemical resistance are high. Furthermore, in the production method of the present invention, the surface protective layer is completely cured at the production stage of the decorative sheet, and therefore a step of crosslinking and curing the surface protective layer after producing the decorative resin molded body is unnecessary.
- Evaluation method Three-dimensional formability (vacuum forming) About the decorative sheet obtained by each Example and the comparative example, it vacuum-formed by the method shown below, and evaluated by the external appearance after shaping
- the evaluation criteria are as follows. A: No coating film cracking or whitening was observed on the surface protective layer, and the shape of the mold was followed well. ⁇ : Although a fine coating crack or whitening was observed in a part of the three-dimensional shape portion or the maximum stretched portion, there was no practical problem. ⁇ : Slight coating cracking or whitening occurred in a part of the three-dimensional shape portion or the maximum stretched portion.
- the coating film cracking and whitening were observed in the surface protective layer without following the shape of the mold.
- ⁇ Vacuum forming> The decorative sheet is heated to 160 ° C. with an infrared heater and softened. Next, vacuum forming is performed at a maximum draw ratio of 150% using a vacuum forming die, and the inner shape of the die is formed. After the sheet is cooled, the decorative sheet is released from the mold.
- Weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight A high-speed GPC apparatus manufactured by Tosoh Corporation was used. The column used was a product name “TSKgel ⁇ M” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, the solvent was N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), and the measurement was performed at a column temperature of 40 ° C. and a flow rate of 0.5 cc / min. . In addition, the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight in this invention performed standard polystyrene conversion. (6) Average molecular weight between crosslinking points The value obtained by dividing the number average molecular weight obtained above by the number of functional groups was defined as the average molecular weight between crosslinking points.
- the resin composition produced in each Example and Comparative Example was applied on a polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as “PET”) film that had not been surface-treated so that the film thickness after crosslinking and curing was about 15 ⁇ m.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the uncured resin layer was irradiated with an electron beam having an acceleration voltage of 165 kV and an irradiation dose of 50 kGy (5 Mrad) to cure the electron beam curable resin composition.
- the cured film was peeled off from the PET film, and a test piece having a width of 25 mm and a length of 120 mm was cut out.
- the test conditions were a tensile speed of 50 mm / min, a chuck-to-chuck distance of 80 mm, and a marked line distance of 50 mm.
- Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 An ABS resin film (flexural modulus: 2000 MPa, thickness: 400 ⁇ m) was used as a substrate, and a woodgrain pattern layer was formed on the surface of the film by gravure printing using an acrylic resin ink. Next, a gravure reverse of a primer layer comprising a primer composition containing acrylic polyol and hexamethylene diisocyanate (hexamethylene diisocyanate was blended so as to have an NCO equivalent of the OH equivalent of the acrylic polyol) on the surface of the pattern layer Coated with a coat. The thickness of the primer layer was 3 ⁇ m.
- an electron beam curable resin composition having the composition shown in Table 1 is applied to the surface of the primer layer by gravure coating so that the thickness ( ⁇ m) after curing of the resin composition becomes the value shown in Table 1.
- the uncured resin layer was irradiated with an electron beam having an acceleration voltage of 165 kV and an irradiation dose of 50 kGy (5 Mrad) to cure the electron beam curable resin composition, thereby obtaining 11 types of decorative sheets.
- the decorative sheet was evaluated by the above method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Electron beam curable resin A bifunctional polycarbonate acrylate, weight average molecular weight: 10,000 Electron beam curable resin B; hexafunctional polycarbonate acrylate, weight average molecular weight: 6,000 Electron beam curable resin C; hexafunctional urethane acrylate oligomer, weight average molecular weight: 6,000 Electron beam curable resin D; hexafunctional urethane acrylate oligomer, weight average molecular weight: 10,000
- Examples 8 to 12 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8 An ABS resin film (flexural modulus: 2000 MPa, thickness: 400 ⁇ m) was used as a substrate, and a woodgrain pattern layer was formed on the surface of the film by gravure printing using an acrylic resin ink. Next, a gravure reverse of a primer layer comprising a primer composition containing acrylic polyol and hexamethylene diisocyanate (hexamethylene diisocyanate was blended so as to have an NCO equivalent of the OH equivalent of the acrylic polyol) on the surface of the pattern layer Coated with a coat. The thickness of the primer layer was 3 ⁇ m.
- an electron beam curable resin composition having the composition shown in Table 2 is applied to the surface of the primer layer by gravure coating so that the thickness ( ⁇ m) after curing of the resin composition becomes the value shown in Table 2.
- the uncured resin layer was irradiated with an electron beam having an acceleration voltage of 165 kV and an irradiation dose of 50 kGy (5 Mrad) to cure the electron beam curable resin composition, thereby obtaining nine types of decorative sheets.
- the decorative sheet was evaluated by the above method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Electron beam curable resin E acrylic silicone acrylate, weight average molecular weight: 20,000, average molecular weight between crosslinking points: 100
- Electron beam curable resin F acrylic silicone acrylate, weight average molecular weight: 20,000, average molecular weight between crosslinking points: 200
- Electron beam curable resin G acrylic silicone acrylate, weight average molecular weight: 20,000, average molecular weight between crosslinking points: 400
- Electron beam curable resin I bifunctional urethane acrylate oligomer, weight average molecular weight: 15,000, Young's modulus of cured coating film of ionizing radiation curable resin composition: 200 MPa
- the decorative sheets of Examples 1 to 12 according to the present invention have a rapid temperature drop and a rapid increase from the heating temperature of about 160 ° C. to the temperature at the time of contact with the mold in the usual insert molding method and simultaneous injection molding method. Even under the conditions of stretching speed and high stretching, cracks and cracks did not occur, and the three-dimensional formability was good. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the surface of the manufactured decorative resin molded product has high scratch resistance. In addition, it was confirmed that the decorative sheets of Examples 8 to 12 also have high chemical resistance.
- the decorative sheet of the present invention is used for various decorative resin molded products, for example, interior materials or exterior materials of vehicles such as automobiles, construction members such as baseboards, and rims, joinery such as window frames and door frames, and walls. It is suitably used for decorative resin molded products for uses such as interior materials for buildings such as floors and ceilings, casings and containers of household electrical appliances such as television receivers and air conditioners.
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Abstract
Description
また、表面保護層として紫外線硬化性樹脂などの電離放射線硬化性樹脂を用い、加飾シートの段階では半硬化状態とし、加飾成形された後に完全硬化させる方法が試みられたが(特許文献4参照)、未硬化樹脂成分を含む表面保護層は傷つきやすく、取り扱いが困難であり、未硬化樹脂成分が金型に付着することによる金型汚染の問題があった。この問題点を解決するために半硬化状態の表面保護層上に保護フィルムを設ける方法があるが、製造が煩雑になるとともに、コストアップの要因ともなる。
そこで、耐傷付き性と三次元成形性とを両立し得る表面保護層が要望されている。
しかしながら、三次元加工後の成形品に硬化処理するのは煩雑であり経済性に劣り、均一な硬化処理もしにくい。
そこで、アクリルシリコン樹脂の優れた耐薬品性を維持しつつ、三次元成形性と耐傷付き性とを両立し得る表面保護層が要望されている。
(1)基材上に少なくとも表面保護層を有する加飾シートであって、表面保護層が、少なくともポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とを含有し、質量比(A)/(B)が(98/2)~(70/30)である電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなることを特徴とする加飾シート、
(2)基材上に少なくとも表面保護層を有する加飾シートであって、表面保護層が、少なくともアクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とを含有し、質量比(C)/(B)が(50/50)~(95/5)である電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなることを特徴とする加飾シート、及び
(3)上記(1)又は(2)に記載の加飾シートを用いてなる加飾樹脂成形品を提供するものである。
ここで、電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物とは、電離放射線硬化性樹脂を含有する組成物をいう。電離放射線硬化性樹脂とは、電磁波又は荷電粒子線の中で分子を架橋、重合させ得るエネルギー量子を有するもの、すなわち、紫外線又は電子線などを照射することにより、架橋、硬化する樹脂を指す。その他、X線、γ線などの電磁波、α線、イオン線などの荷電粒子線も電離放射線として使用可能である。
第1の発明においては、電離放射線硬化性樹脂として、少なくともポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とが用いられる。ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)の質量比(A)/(B)が98/2より大きくなると(即ち、ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)の量が98質量%を超えると)、耐傷付き性が低下する。一方、ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)の質量比が70/30より小さくなると(即ち、ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)の量が70質量%未満となると)、三次元成形性が低下してしまう。
好ましくは、ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)の質量比(A)/(B)が(95/5)~(80/20)である。
本発明において、「(メタ)アクリレート」とは「アクリレート又はメタクリレート」を意味し、他の類似するものも同様の意である。
上記のポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)は、例えば、ポリカーボネートポリオールの水酸基の一部又は全てを(メタ)アクリレート(アクリル酸エステル又はメタクリル酸エステル)に変換して得られる。このエステル化反応は、通常のエステル化反応によって行うことができる。例えば、1)ポリカーボネートポリオールとアクリル酸ハライド又はメタクリル酸ハライドとを、塩基存在下に縮合させる方法、2)ポリカーボネートポリオールとアクリル酸無水物又はメタクリル酸無水物とを、触媒存在下に縮合させる方法、あるいは3)ポリカーボネートポリオールとアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸とを、酸触媒存在下に縮合させる方法などが挙げられる。
原料として用いられるジオール化合物(d)は、一般式 HO-R1-OHで表される。ここで、R1は、炭素数2~20の2価炭化水素基であって、基中にエーテル結合を含んでいても良い。例えば、直鎖、又は分岐状のアルキレン基、シクロヘキシレン基、フェニレン基である。
以上説明したポリカーボネートポリオールの製造方法は、例えば、特開昭64-1726号公報に記載されている。また、このポリカーボネートポリオールは、特開平3-181517号公報に記載されているように、ポリカーボネートジオールと3価以上の多価アルコールとのエステル交換反応によっても製造することができる。
また、多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)は、オリゴマー及びモノマーのいずれでも良いが、三次元成形性向上の観点から多官能(メタ)アクリレートオリゴマーが好ましい。
以上述べた多官能性(メタ)アクリレートオリゴマー及び多官能性(メタ)アクリレートモノマーは1種を単独で用いても良いし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いても良い。
第2の発明においては、電離放射線硬化性樹脂として、少なくともアクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とが用いられる。質量比(C)/(B)が(50/50)より小さいと(即ち、(C)及び(B)の合計量中、(C)の量が50質量%未満であると)、耐薬品性及び耐傷付き性が低下する。一方、質量比(C)/(B)が(95/5)より大きいと(即ち(C)及び(B)の合計量中、(C)の量が95質量%を超えると)、耐傷付き性及び三次元成形性が低下してしまう。
このアクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)の例としては、例えば、特開2007-070544号公報に開示されるような側鎖にシロキサン結合を有するアクリル樹脂の構造が好ましく挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマーとしては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートなどが挙げられる。これら(メタ)アクリレートモノマーは1種を単独で又は2種を組み合わせて用いられる。
シリコーンマクロモノマーは、例えば、n-ブチルリチウム又はリチウムシラノレートを重合開始剤として、ヘキサアルキルシクロトリシロキサンをリビングアニオン重合し、更にラジカル重合性不飽和基含有シランでキャッピングして合成される。シリコーンマクロモノマーとしては、下記式(1);
上述のアクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)は、1種を単独で又は2種を組み合わせて用いられる。
また、アクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)の架橋点間平均分子量は、100~2,500であることが好ましい。架橋点間平均分子量が100以上であれば、三次元成形性の観点から好ましく、2,500以下であれば、耐薬品性及び耐傷付き性の観点から好ましい。
また、光増感剤としては、例えばp-ジメチル安息香酸エステル、第三級アミン類、チオール系増感剤などを用いることができる。
ここで、耐候性改善剤としては、紫外線吸収剤や光安定剤を用いることができる。紫外線吸収剤は、無機系、有機系のいずれでも良く、無機系紫外線吸収剤としては、平均粒径が5~120nm程度の二酸化チタン、酸化セリウム、酸化亜鉛などを好ましく用いることができる。また、有機系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えばベンゾトリアゾール系、具体的には、2-(2-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジ-tert-アミルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、ポリエチレングリコールの3-[3-(ベンゾトリアゾール-2-イル)-5-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]プロピオン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。一方、光安定剤としては、例えばヒンダードアミン系、具体的には2-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-2’-n-ブチルマロン酸ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)、ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケート、テトラキス(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-4-ピペリジル)-1,2,3,4-ブタンテトラカルボキシレートなどが挙げられる。また、紫外線吸収剤や光安定剤として、分子内に(メタ)アクリロイル基などの重合性基を有する反応性の紫外線吸収剤や光安定剤を用いることもできる。また、本発明のポリマーの表面保護層としての性能(耐傷付き性と三次元成形性)を損なわない程度に共重合して使用することもできる。
重合禁止剤としては、例えばハイドロキノン、p-ベンゾキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、ピロガロール、t-ブチルカテコールなどが、架橋剤としては、例えばポリイソシアネート化合物、エポキシ化合物、金属キレート化合物、アジリジン化合物、オキサゾリン化合物などが用いられる。
充填剤としては、例えば硫酸バリウム、タルク、クレー、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウムなどが用いられる。
着色剤としては、例えばキナクリドンレッド、イソインドリノンイエロー、フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニングリーン、酸化チタン、カーボンブラックなどの公知の着色用顔料などが用いられる。
赤外線吸収剤としては、例えば、ジチオール系金属錯体、フタロシアニン系化合物、ジインモニウム化合物などが用いられる。
図1はインサート成形に用いる場合の本発明の加飾シート10の一態様の断面を示す模式図である。図1に示す例では、基材11上に絵柄層12、プライマー層13及び表面保護層14が順次積層されている。ここで、表面保護層14は上述の電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物を架橋硬化して形成されるものである。
基材の厚さは、用途に応じて選定されるが、通常、0.05~1.0mm程度であり、コスト等を考慮すると0.1~0.7mm程度が一般的である。
上記酸化法としては、例えばコロナ放電処理、クロム酸化処理、火炎処理、熱風処理、オゾン・紫外線処理法などが挙げられ、凹凸化法としては、例えばサンドブラスト法、溶剤処理法などが挙げられる。これらの表面処理は、基材の種類に応じて適宜選択されるが、一般にはコロナ放電処理法が効果及び操作性などの面から好ましく用いられる。
また該基材はプライマー層を形成するなどの処理を施しても良いし、色彩を整えるための塗装や、デザイン的な観点での模様があらかじめ形成されていても良い。
着色剤としては、カーボンブラック(墨)、鉄黒、チタン白、アンチモン白、黄鉛、チタン黄、弁柄、カドミウム赤、群青、コバルトブルーなどの無機顔料、キナクリドンレッド、イソインドリノンイエロー、フタロシアニンブルーなどの有機顔料又は染料、アルミニウム、真鍮などの鱗片状箔片からなる金属顔料、二酸化チタン被覆雲母、塩基性炭酸鉛などの鱗片状箔片からなる真珠光沢(パール)顔料などが用いられる。
(メタ)アクリル樹脂としては、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの単独重合体、2種以上の異なる(メタ)アクリル酸エステルモノマーの共重合体、又は(メタ)アクリル酸エステルと他のモノマーとの共重合体が挙げられ、具体的には、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸プロピル、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル・(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル・(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル共重合体、エチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸メチル共重合体、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸メチル共重合体などの(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを含む単独又は共重合体からなる(メタ)アクリル樹脂が好適に用いられる。ここで(メタ)アクリルとはアクリル又はメタクリルを意味する。
架橋後の表面保護層14との密着性、物性、成形性の面から、ポリオールとしてアクリルポリオールあるいはポリエステルポリオールと、架橋材としてヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、あるいは4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートとから組み合わせることが好ましく、特にアクリルポリオールとヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとの組み合わせが好ましい。
(メタ)アクリル・ウレタン共重合体樹脂としては、例えばアクリル/ウレタン(ポリエステルウレタン)ブロック共重合系樹脂が好ましい。硬化剤としては、上記の各種イソシアネートが用いられる。アクリル/ウレタン(ポリエステルウレタン)ブロック共重合系樹脂は所望により、アクリル/ウレタン比(質量比)を好ましくは(9/1)~(1/9)、より好ましくは(8/2)~(2/8)の範囲で調整し、種々の加飾シートに用いることができるので、プライマー組成物に用いられる樹脂として特に好ましい。
本発明においては、調製された塗工液を、絵柄層12又はプライマー層13の表面に、硬化後の厚さが1~1000μmになるように、グラビアコート、バーコート、ロールコート、リバースロールコート、コンマコートなどの公知の方式、好ましくはグラビアコートにより塗工し、未硬化樹脂層を形成させる。
なお、電子線の照射においては、加速電圧が高いほど透過能力が増加するため、基材11として電子線により劣化する基材を使用する場合には、電子線の透過深さと樹脂層の厚みが実質的に等しくなるように、加速電圧を選定することにより、基材11への余分の電子線の照射を抑制することができ、過剰電子線による基材の劣化を最小限にとどめることができる。
また、照射線量は、樹脂層の架橋密度が飽和する量が好ましく、通常5~300kGy(0.5~30Mrad)、好ましくは10~50kGy(1~5Mrad)の範囲で選定される。
さらに、電子線源としては、特に制限はなく、例えばコックロフトワルトン型、バンデグラフト型、共振変圧器型、絶縁コア変圧器型、あるいは直線型、ダイナミトロン型、高周波型などの各種電子線加速器を用いることができる。
また、表面保護層14の硬化後の厚さをより好ましくは1~50μm、さらに好ましくは1~30μmとすることにより、三次元成形性が向上し、自動車内装用途などの複雑な3次元形状への高い追従性を得ることができる。従って、本発明の加飾シートにおいて、硬質な電離放射線硬化性樹脂を配合しても優れた三次元成形性を発現させることができ、三次元成形性を損なうことなく、塗膜を硬くすることができるため、加工や実用面で好ましい優れた耐傷付き性を持たせることができる。
本発明の加飾シートは、表面保護層14の厚さを従来のものより厚くしても、十分に高い三次元成形性が得られることから、特に表面保護層に高い膜厚を要求される部材、例えば車両外装部品などの加飾シートとしても有用である。
プライマー層13や接着層は、グラビアコート、グラビアリバースコート、グラビアオフセットコート、スピンナーコート、ロールコート、リバースロールコート、キスコート、ホイラーコート、ディップコート、シルクスクリーンによるベタコート、ワイヤーバーコート、フローコート、コンマコート、かけ流しコート、刷毛塗り、スプレーコートなどの通常の塗工方法や転写コーティング法により形成される。転写コーティング法は、一旦、薄いシート(フィルム基材)にプライマー層13や接着層の塗膜を形成し、しかる後に加飾シート10中の対象となる層表面に被覆する方法である。
プライマー層13の厚さは0.1~10μm程度であることが好ましい。0.1μm以上であると、表面保護層の割れ、破断、白化などを防ぐ効果を十分に発揮させることができる。一方、プライマー層の厚さが10μm以下であれば、プライマー層を塗工した際、塗膜の乾燥、硬化が安定であるので三次元成形性が変動することが無く好ましい。以上の点からプライマー層の厚さは1~10μmであることがより好ましい。接着層の厚さも同様に0.1~10μm程度であることが好ましい。
インサート成形法では、真空成形工程において、本発明の加飾シートを真空成形型により予め成形品表面形状に真空成形(オフライン予備成形)し、次いで必要に応じて余分な部分をトリミングして成形シートを得る。この成形シートを射出成形型に挿入し、射出成形型を型締めし、流動状態の樹脂を型内に射出し、固化させて、射出成形と同時に樹脂成形物の外表面に加飾シートを一体化させ、加飾樹脂成形品を製造する。
なお、射出成形同時加飾法では、射出樹脂による熱圧を加飾シートが受けるため、平板に近く、加飾シートの絞りが小さい場合には、加飾シートは予熱してもしなくても良い。
ここで用いる射出樹脂としてはインサート成形法で説明したものと同様のものを用いることができる。
評価方法
(1)三次元成形性(真空成形)
各実施例及び比較例で得た加飾シートについて以下に示す方法で真空成形を行い、成形後の外観にて評価した。評価基準は以下のとおりである。
◎;表面保護層に塗膜割れや白化が全く見られず、良好に型の形状に追従した。
○;三次元形状部又は最大延伸部の一部に微細な塗膜割れ又は白化が認められたが実用上問題なし。
△;三次元形状部又は最大延伸部の一部に軽微な塗膜割れ又は白化が発生した。
×;型の形状に追従できずに表面保護層に塗膜割れや白化が見られた。
<真空成形>
加飾シートを赤外線ヒーターで160℃に加熱し、軟化させる。次いで、真空成形用型を用いて最大延伸倍率150%で真空成形を行い、型の内部形状に成形する。シートを冷却後、型より加飾シートを離型する。
#0000スチールウールを用いて荷重1.5kgfで5回往復後の試験片の外観を評価した。評価基準は以下のとおりである。
◎;傷付きがなかった。
○;表面に微細な傷が認められたが、塗膜の削れや白化はなかった。
△;表面に軽微な傷があった。
×;表面に著しい傷があった。
テスター産業(株)製「学振型摩擦堅牢度試験機」を用い、摩擦用白綿布としてカナキン3号を用いて荷重500gfで1,000回往復後の試験片の外観を評価する。評価基準は以下のとおりである。
◎;ほとんど傷は認められなかった。
○;表面に微細な傷が認められたが、塗膜の削れや白化はなかった。
△;表面に軽微な傷があった。
×;全面にわたり塗膜の削れ又は白化を伴う著しい傷が生じた。
各実施例及び比較例で得た加飾シートの表面保護層にエタノールを滴下する。時計皿で滴下部分を被覆し室温(25℃)で1時間経過後、時計皿を外し、外観を確認し、以下の評価基準により評価する。
○;塗膜に著しい変化なし。
×;塗膜の膨潤又は剥離があった。
東ソー(株)製高速GPC装置を用いた。用いたカラムは東ソー(株)製、商品名「TSKgel αM」であり、溶媒はN-メチル-2-ピロリジノン(NMP)を用い、カラム温度40℃、流速0.5cc/minで測定を行なった。尚、本発明における重量平均分子量及び数平均分子量は標準ポリスチレン換算を行った。
(6)架橋点間平均分子量
上記で得た数平均分子量を官能基数で割った値を架橋点間平均分子量とした。
JIS K 7127に準拠した引張試験を行ない、多官能(メタ)アクリレートの硬化塗膜の試料片に荷重をかけた際の伸びから、以下の式により求めた。
E=(W×L)/(A×△t)
ここで、Wは荷重(kg)、Lは試験前の標線間距離(cm)、Aは試験片の断面積、及び△tは荷重Wにおける標線間距離(cm)である。
表面処理をしていないポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下、「PET」という)フィルムの上に各実施例及び比較例で製造した樹脂組成物を架橋硬化後の膜厚が約15μmになるように塗布した。この未硬化樹脂層に加速電圧165kV、照射線量50kGy(5Mrad)の電子線を照射して、電子線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた。硬化膜をPETフィルムから剥がして、幅25mm、長さ120mmの試験片を切り出した。
試験条件は、引張速度50mm/分、チャック間距離80mm、標線間距離50mmとした。
基材としてABS樹脂フィルム(曲げ弾性率;2000MPa、厚さ;400μm)を用い、該フィルムの表面に、アクリル系樹脂インキを用いグラビア印刷により木目柄の絵柄層を形成した。次いで、絵柄層の表面にアクリルポリオール及びヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートは、アクリルポリオールのOH当量と同量のNCO当量となるように配合した。)を含むプライマー組成物からなるプライマー層をグラビアリバースコートにより塗工した。プライマー層の厚さは3μmであった。
次に、プライマー層の表面に、第1表に示す組成の電子線硬化性樹脂組成物を樹脂組成物の硬化後の厚さ(μm)が第1表に示す値となるようにグラビアコートにより塗工した。この未硬化樹脂層に加速電圧165kV、照射線量50kGy(5Mrad)の電子線を照射して、電子線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて、11種類の加飾シートを得た。
該加飾シートについて上記方法にて評価した。評価結果を第1表に示す。
電子線硬化性樹脂A;2官能のポリカーボネートアクリレート、重量平均分子量:10,000
電子線硬化性樹脂B;6官能のポリカーボネートアクリレート、重量平均分子量:6,000
電子線硬化性樹脂C;6官能のウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、重量平均分子量:6,000
電子線硬化性樹脂D;6官能のウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、重量平均分子量:10,000
基材としてABS樹脂フィルム(曲げ弾性率;2000MPa、厚さ;400μm)を用い、該フィルムの表面に、アクリル系樹脂インキを用いグラビア印刷により木目柄の絵柄層を形成した。次いで、絵柄層の表面にアクリルポリオール及びヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートは、アクリルポリオールのOH当量と同量のNCO当量となるように配合した。)を含むプライマー組成物からなるプライマー層をグラビアリバースコートにより塗工した。プライマー層の厚さは3μmであった。
次に、プライマー層の表面に、第2表に示す組成の電子線硬化性樹脂組成物を樹脂組成物の硬化後の厚さ(μm)が第2表に示す値となるようにグラビアコートにより塗工した。この未硬化樹脂層に加速電圧165kV、照射線量50kGy(5Mrad)の電子線を照射して、電子線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて、9種類の加飾シートを得た。
該加飾シートについて上記方法にて評価した。評価結果を第2表に示す。
電子線硬化性樹脂F;アクリルシリコーンアクリレート、重量平均分子量:20,000、架橋点間平均分子量:200
電子線硬化性樹脂G;アクリルシリコーンアクリレート、重量平均分子量:20,000、架橋点間平均分子量:400
電子線硬化性樹脂H;6官能のウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、重量平均分子量:5,000、電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化塗膜のヤング率:800MPa
電子線硬化性樹脂I;2官能のウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー、重量平均分子量:15,000、電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化塗膜のヤング率:200MPa
また、実施例8~12の加飾シートは、高い耐薬品性をも有することが確認された。
11.基材
12.絵柄層
13.プライマー層
14.表面保護層
Claims (7)
- 基材上に少なくとも表面保護層を有する加飾シートであって、表面保護層が、少なくともポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とを含有し、質量比(A)/(B)が(98/2)~(70/30)である電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなることを特徴とする加飾シート。
- 基材上に少なくとも表面保護層を有する加飾シートであって、表面保護層が、少なくともアクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)と多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)とを含有し、質量比(C)/(B)が(50/50)~(95/5)である電離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなることを特徴とする加飾シート。
- 前記多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)が、3官能以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の加飾シート。
- 前記ポリカーボネート(メタ)アクリレート(A)の重量平均分子量が、2,000を超えることを特徴とする請求項1又は3に記載の加飾シート。
- 前記アクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)の重量平均分子量が、2,000~100,000であることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の加飾シート。
- 前記アクリルシリコーン(メタ)アクリレート(C)の架橋点間平均分子量が、100~2,500であることを特徴とする請求項2、3又は5に記載の加飾シート。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の加飾シートを用いてなる加飾樹脂成形品。
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EP11857359.1A EP2669085B1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Decorative sheet, and decorative resin-molded article employing same |
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US13/979,967 US9108392B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Decorative sheet, and decorative resin-molded article employing same |
PCT/JP2011/051796 WO2012101820A1 (ja) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | 加飾シート及びそれを用いてなる加飾樹脂成形品 |
KR1020137018715A KR101803128B1 (ko) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | 장식 시트 및 그것을 사용하여 이루어지는 장식 수지 성형품 |
US14/795,437 US9605120B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2015-07-09 | Decorative sheet, and decorative resin-molded article employing same |
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JP7501057B2 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-06-18 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 加飾シート及び加飾樹脂成形品 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103370195B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
KR101812938B1 (ko) | 2017-12-27 |
KR101803128B1 (ko) | 2017-11-29 |
EP2669085A4 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
EP2669085A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
EP2669085B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
US9605120B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
US9108392B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
KR20170126011A (ko) | 2017-11-15 |
US20130309460A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
KR20140001983A (ko) | 2014-01-07 |
CN103370195A (zh) | 2013-10-23 |
US20150307675A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
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