US2216403A - Drilling and riveting machine - Google Patents

Description

o. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 25, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 1, 1940.

O. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 2 Qc o. OECKL ET m. I 2,215,403

DRILLING AND RIYETING' MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 '14 Sheets-Sheet 4 Maw rams Oct. 1, 194;).

Q. OECKL ET AL DRILLING-AND RIVETING MACHINE Fil ed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 "I II/IIIIIIII Oct. 1, 1940. Q E L ET AL 2,216,46

DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet G 'By fi'ifesadew Oct. 1, 1940.

O. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Fil ed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet '7 Quiz 7 (3st 3, 1940. o. OECKL :1- AL Q 2,216,403

DRILLING AND RIVEIINGv MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 a2 7 82 J as gkwxw, zm g a5 A Am Oct 7 o. OECKL El m. 1

' DRILLING AND RIVETING' MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Shoots-Sheet 9 Oct. 1, 194. Q QECKL ET AL 2,216,403

DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 1O Ke-asler Oat. 1, 1940.

0. micro. ETAL 2,216303 DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 gusts-sheet 11 Oct. 1. 1940.

O. OECKLV ET AL DRILLING AND RIVBTING MACHINE 14 Shoets-Sheet 12 IIIIIIIII Filed May'23, 1939 o. OECKL ET AL 03 DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed. May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Shoot 13 Oct. 1, 1940.

o. OECKL EIAL 2,216,403 DRILLING AND RIVETING momma Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 in n Patented Oct. 1, 1940 UNITED STATES 2,216,403 nanme AND arvn'rmo MACHINE Otto Oeckl, Berlin, and Karl Weinhold, Wilhelm Pieines, and Leo Kessler, Frankfort, Germany,

assignors to Frankfurter Maschinenbau-Akt.- Ges. vorm. Pokorny 8; Wittekind, Frankforton-the-Main, Germany Application May 23, 1939, Serial No. 275,272 In Germany May 30, 1938 20 Claims.

This invention relates to a drilling and riveting machine.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine by which long and relatively thin sheets or plates, such as are used in particular in aircraft construction, can be riveted together automatically andquickly and the operating tools can be easily supervised. Further, the surface of the plates riveted together in the machine is smooth which, in aircraft construction, is of considerable importance for reducing wind and air resistance.

An object of the invention is to simplify and accelerate the operation of drilling and riveting machines by connecting the countersinking tool directly to'the drill and a rivet feeding device, which is automatically swung over the rivet hole.

The automatic operation of the machine might be upset if turnings or filings entered the plateclamp surrounding the hammer. In machines using a template this has previously been constructed as a guide for the riveting hammer and a radial passage opening into the guide has been provided in it and the hammer piston has been lowered so that this passagewas free during the drilling. The complete removal of the borings can be eflected by mechanical means only with great difiiculty. A further object of the invention, therefore, is to provide opposite a lateral opening in the plate-clamp which is not closed by the hammer during the drilling operation an opening to which a compressed air pipe is connected. If the compressed air is connected while the borings or filings are still in movement, their complete'removal is automatically ensured.

In a drilling and riveting machine in which the counter-support and the rivet guide device are swung over the rivet hole and the drilling tool combined with the counter sinker used as a rivet-driving punch, the drill spindle must describe a relatively great stroke. As a result the spindle is given a relatively great mass acceleration, which, in rapid-operation, causes undesirable vibration. I v

In order toavoid this mass acceleration, according to the present invention there is mounted on a common support movable in the direction of the rivet seam or joint thezdrilling tool combined with the countersinker, and laterally thereof the o automatic rivet guide device, a rivet driving punch, and a striper adapted to be raised and lowered and cooperating with the plate holder during the driving in of the rivet whereby, during the formation of the closing head the rivet punch remains as a countersupport on the rivet. As a result of the arrangement of a special rivet punch and the mobility of the tool above the table, after the hole is made, the drilling tool can be moved out of the axis of the rivet hole and the riveting punch with the plate holder, and the correspondv 5 ing part of the rivet guide device can be carried 'to the axis of the rivet hole. The drilling tool need thus describe only a small stroke, so that on high speed operation injurious vibrations or shocks are avoided. An advantage is provided in 1. that the machine can be rapidly operated for countersinking rivets in long plates with very easy service.

According to the invention the automatic rivet feed takes place in that the'rivet feed passage is 1' subdivided into a part which is attached to a common support of the countersink punch and the rivet driving punch, and a part adapted to be raised and lowered with the rivet drive punch and which, in raised position, is connected with go the part attached on the support. In this position a rivet in the partattached to the support is released, while this passage part is closed 01f when the rivet inserting device lowers. The drilling tool, the countersink punch, the riveting g5 punch and the automatic rivet feed device then form a commonly movable unit.

In riveting thin plate with countersunk rivets the countersinker is preferably formed not as a countersink punch, in order to form or sink a rivet 0 hole without any cuttings. In order to obtain an exactly cylindrical wall of the rivet hole, without requiring subsequent or finishing drilling, the countersink must first be made by the countersink punch and then the rivet hole made.

In-.ordersuccessively to countersink and drill in one operation, without moving the plate, while retaining the countersinkingand-drilling succession, according to the invention, the perforating tool, thus a drill or punch, is arranged within the countersinker and the perforating tool begins its operation in the countersinker only when the latter, after forming the countersink, is seated on the plate. Thereby the perforating tool is preferably arranged countersinker.

If, before the counterslnking or the drilling, the thin plates are to be pressed together in the 1 direction of thecountersink or perforating tool by means of a plate holder, clamp or the like, 5 according to the invention the latter is disposed on the countersinker or its support. The advantage thereof is that the plate closer or retention, the countersinking and the drilling can be done in a single operation. After theoperain the axis of the I the plate is closed or clamped the series of further operations can be selected as desired. For example, the plate can first be countersunk and then drilled or the reverse can also be done, that is, first the drilling and then the countersinklng.

For automatic operation of the plate closer, ac-

' cording to the invention, there is provided a yieldable intermediate memberwhich is disposed between the plate closer, preferably formed as a sleeve, and-its support. The yieldable intermediate member may consist, for example, of a runner ring or also of a spiral spring.

with these and other objects which will become apparent from the detailed description below various modifications of the invention are shown in the dra'wings, in which Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of one embodiment of the invention,

Figure 2 is a front elevational view with portions in section of the embodiment shown in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a lateral elevational view of Figure 2 with portions broken away and shown in section, 7

Figure 4 is a plan view of the construction shown in Figure 2, Figure 5 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the construction illustrating the compressed air control,

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the section Figure 12 is a view to that shown in'Fig ure 9 with the elements in a still further different operating position, 7

. Figure 13 is a perspective view on enlarged scale with parts broken away showing the automatic rivet feeder,

Figure 14 is a plan view of Figure 13 with parts shown in section illustrating rivets to the rivet feeder,

Figure 15 is a cross sectional view taken on the section line I5l5 of Figure 14,

Figure '16 is'a cmss sectional view of a detail on an enlarged scale illustrating the insertion of Y the rivets in the rivet hole,

Figure 1'7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the section line l'I-|| of Figure 16,

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 16 showing the parts in a diiferent operative position,

Figure 19 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of the construction shown in Figure 16,

Figure 20 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 19 with the parts in a different operative position,

Figure 21 is a view similar to Figure 19 with the parts in a still different operative position,

Figure 22 is a partial perspective exploded view the passage of they illustrating the controls and drive for the rivet feeder, the counter-support and the drill as well as the compressed air control for the plate closer and the table advance,

Figure 23 is a partial sectional view illustrating a modified construction,

Figure 24 is a lateral elevational view of the modification shown in Figure 23 with portions in section,

Figure 25 is a partial lateral elevation of the rivet inserting device,

Figure 26 is across sectional view taken on the section line 25-26 of Figure 23, a

Figure 2'7 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 2727 of Figure 26,

Figure 28 is a view similar to Figure 26 with the parts in a different operative position,

'Figure29 is a view similar to Figure 23'of a portion thereof showing the parts in a diiferent operative position,

Figure 30 is also a similar view to Figure 23 of a portion thereof with the parts in a different operative position,

Figures 31, 32 and 33 are similar views of a portion of the construction shown in Figure 23 with the elements in different operative positions,

Figure 34 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the countersink punch and drill as well as the plate closer used with the modification of Figure 23 on enlarged-scale,

Figures 35 and 36 are views similar to Figure 34 illustrating the elements in difierent operative positions,

Figure 3'7 is a partial front elevational view with parts shown in section illustrating a modification of the construction shown in Figure 23,

Figure 38 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 33-38 of Figure 37,

Figure 39 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 3939 of Figure 3'7,

Figure 40 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modification'of the structure shown in Figure 34,

Figure 41 is a similar view to Figure 40 showing the parts in a diiferent operative position,

Figure 42 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modification of the construction shown in Figure 40, a

Figure 43 1s a similar view to Figure 42 showing the parts in a different operative position,

Figure 44 is a partial cross sectional view with parts in elevation illustrating a still further modification of the invention,

Figure 45 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 44 and illustrating a portion thereof showing the parts in a different operative position on enlarged scale,

Figure 46 is a view similar to Figure 45 showing the parts in a different operative position,

Figure 4'7 illustrates a portion of the construction shown in Figures 45 and 46 with the parts in a different operative position, and

Figure 48 is a lateral elevation of the construction shown in Figure 44.

In order to obtain a plane surface countersunk rivets are employed. For riveting long plates with countersunk rivets the automatic drilling and riveting machine in accordance with the invention is constructed in the following manner. The drilling tool is formed as'a combined drilland a countersinking tool and, above the sheets or plates which are clamped on a table having an automatic feed, there is arranged on the one side of the drill a rivet feeding device which can 'be swung over the drilled hole and on the other side of the drill a counterabutment for the rivet hammer, which abutment can be swung over the countersunk head of the rivet. I

Below the sheets or plates there is provided a clamping member which encloses the riveting .hammer and can be moved upwards and downmachine can be attended to by unskilled workmen. The machine works rapidly since the drilling and countersinking take place in one operation and the rivet feeding device is swung over the rivet hole while the drill is being raised and the counter-abutment for the hammer is swung over the countersunk head of the rivet while the feeding device is being swung back, and, on lowering the clamp by which the plates v are pressed together; the riveted plates are released and are fed forwards by the automatic feed of the table by a distance equal to the spacing of the rivets without being obstructed in any way by downwardly projecting rivet heads.

to Figs. 1 to 22, a slide or table 3, is slidable by means of rollers 4 on a frame I provided with the rails 2 (Figs. 2, 4 and 7). The slide is assembled of single tubular parts for lighter construction. The thin plates5 and 6 to be riveted together, are positioned manually, by means of the clamps 1, on the slide, whichserves as a work table.

Arranged adjacent frame I is a standard 8 (Fig. 3) which has an upper part 9 in which the drive members, for the individual tools are arranged. Arranged in the upper part 9, above the free space between the clamps I on the slide 3, is the drill III which is attached to a support II. This latter is connected to a rack I2 (Fig. 3) which is raised and lowered by the gears I3 and arack |3a at the proper time. Connected directly with the drill I8 is the countersinker I4 (Fig. 16) which is constructed as a miller, and is encompassed by a collar I5 which serves as a stop in regulating the depth of the countersink and which is attached to the support ll of the drill.

Disposed at one side, adjacent drill I0, is the rivet feeder l6, which is adapted to be swung over the drill hole, and on the other side, near the drill, the counter-support I1, likewise adapted to be swung over the drill hole.

Below the plates 5 and 6 to be riveted, the riveting hammer I8 is arranged, so that its axis lies in alignment with that of drill III. The riveting hammer I8 is encompassed by an ascending and descending plate closer I9, which latter is provided with a radial opening I 9a which is positioned so that it is uncovered by the hammer when the latter is in the inoperative position. 0 osite this opening the plate closer is provided wi h an opening to which the compressed air conduit |9b is connected.

The rivet feeder I6 and the counter-support I1 are driven mechanically by cam wheels 28 and 2| (Figs. 2 and 22). These cam 'discs are mounted on a shaft 22, which is set in rotational movement by any kind of drive motor. The cam discs co-operate with rollers 23 and 24 which are mounted on the ends of doublelevers 25a and 26a, rotatableaboutithe .pins 25 and 26-. Pivotally engaged with the other ends ofthe lbuble levers are the thrustrods 21 and 28, which are connected with the rivet feeder l6 and the counter-support |1 so that these can swing about vertical axes. I

The drill I0'is raised through the gears I3 (Fig. 3) by means of the shaft 22 rotating a cam disc 29 which co-operates with the rack I3a. (Figs. 3 and.22). Rack l3a is returned to its initial position by a push spring 30.

The plate closer I9 is constructed as a compressed air piston which moves in a cylinder 3| and is subject to the action of a spring 32. A compressed air conduit 33 terminates at the end of cylinder 3|. -.Provided on the riveting hammer I8 is a piston element 34 penetrating to the end of cylinder 3| and which terminates in a compressed air conduit 35.

The movement or advance of the work table 3 takes place by means of a compressed air piston 36 which moves in a compressed air cylinder 31 (Figs. 8 and 22). A compressed air conduit 33 terminates in cylinder 31. Piston 36 is subject to the action of a counter-spring 39. Pivoted to the end of the piston extending from the cylinder is a shift pawl 48 which engages in the teeth of a rack 4|, which is attached to the slide 3. The cooperating pawl 42 is also attached to the rod of piston 36.

Attached to the shaft 22, in the extension 911 of the head 9 are three cams 43, 44 and 45, which cooperate with the 'plungers of the valves 46, 41 and 48 mounted in the head 9a (Figs. 5, 6 and 22) Compressed air is introduced through a conduit 58 into the chamber 49 (Fig. 5) toward which the valves open. The valve plungers are constructed as slides, so that on opening of the valves the compressed air can pass from the chamber 49 through the passages provided in the extension 9a to the compressed air conduits 33, 35 and 38.

The'automatic rivet feed apparatus I6 wm now be described. The embodiment shown in Figs. 13 to 15 is provided with an inclined reservoir or drum for the counter-sunk rivets, which are progressively moved so that the rivets slide in an inclined, downwardly directed collecting passage in 1 which there is a controlled sluice or passage, so that one rivet passes into the head 'of the apparatus at the proper time where, with the aid of the depth stop I5 (Figs. 10 and 11), it is inserted trolled piston 52 is loaded with respect to the cylinder end 55 by means of a spring 54. The function of the air holes 56 is to avoid air cushions in the space between the piston and the cylinder end. The piston rod 53 is connected by a ball joint 51 with a sleeve 58, which is rocked or swung about the rotational axis of the drum or reservoir 59. The rocking movement islimited by fixed abutments 66.- The bevelled drive member 6|, which is movable in the sleeve 58, is forced by a spring 62 toward the periphery of the drum and engages in a depression 63 on the drum periphery. The dotted lines in Fig. 14 show its position in engagement with one of the depressions 63.

The bevel 84 permits the member 6| to slide out attached to head 80 and retained in the sleeve by of the depression 68 when the drum is stationary and the member is swung in a direction opposite that of the arrow (Fig. 14).. When compressed air is delivered to the piston 52 and the rocking of the sleeve 58 is caused thereby, the drive member 6| passes from the depression 68, as in this case the drum 59 is held fast by means of a bevelled counter-retaining pawl 65, which is guided in a fixed sleeve 66 and is forced by a spring 61 into the corresponding depression 63 of the drum periphery. In this manner the drum can move only in the direction of the arrow.

When the sleeve 58 passes into the end position corresponding, to the movement of the piston, the member 6|, which slides on the periphery of the drum, snaps into anew depression 63. If piston 52 is relieved of the air pressure, the spring 54 returns it promptly to the initial position. The member 6| thereby carries along the drum 58 in the direction of the arrow, so that a new rivetreceiving slot 85 passes in front of the rivet col-'- lecting bar 66 with the collecting passage 61. As a result of the abrupt impact-like piston movement the rivets, held in position by their weight, move or jump from the slot into the passage 61, which is interrupted by a tongue 68 which slides in a guide 68. The tongue 68 is controlled by a piston rod Ill attached to a piston The latter is slidable in a pressure cylinder 12 connected with a compressed air conduit and is subject to the action of a spring 14 supported against the cylinder end 18.

The tongue 88 is forced by springs 15 against the piston rod 10 and has a slide I6 as well as a catch 11. In the position shown in full lines of the slide and catch a rivet I8 has passed from the passage 61 into the tongue in front of the catch TI. This prevents further passage of the rivet in the passage 18 formed by the bars 66, to the rivet inserting apparatus. If piston II is actuated by compressed air the catch and slide assume the lower (release) position, whereby the slide 16 passes in front of the collecting passage 61 while, through the simultaneous movement of the catch, the path to the passage 19 is opened up for the rivet in the tongue 68.- When the piston is relieved of air pressure the springs 15 force the tongue 68 into the initial position. The catch 11 is again applied in front of the passage I8, while the slide 16 opens the passage 61 for the advance .of a new rivet.

The rivet insertion takes place, according to Figs. 16 to 21, by means of two superposed jaw pairs. Disposed in the head 80 are two superposed spring jaw pairs 8| and 82, the upper 8| having an opening 88 formed by recesses in both jaws. This opening is semi-circular and forms the continuation of the feed passage I9 for the rivets, so that it is open toward this passage, while its limit, which serves as a stop for the advancing rivets, forms the end of the passage. The lower jaw pair 82 has an opening 84 not interrupted in its periphery and which is formed of corresponding recesses of both jaws. The diameterof this opening corresponds to that of the rivet shank. The lower jaw pair 82 is arranged below the pair 8| at a vertical distance somewhat smaller than the rivet length. Both pairs of jaws are pressed together by springs 85 supported in the head 88.

Above the opening 88 of the resilient jaw pair 8| a punch 88 is yieldably mounted in a sleeve 81 means of a spring 89. The upper part of sleeve 81 is also formed semi-cylindrical, the opening of said half cylinder being directed toward the drilling or perforating spindle of the machine. Thus,

now, the pressure spindle of the machine is low-' ered on punch 88 the rivet, by the expansion of the jaws 8| is forced in the-completely closed 1 opening 84 of the lower jaw pair 82. As the distance of this pair from the other pair 8| is less than the rivet length the rivet shank passes into the opening 84 before it leaves the opening 88. The rivet is thus engaged completely all around by the jaw pair 82 and axially directed. Thereupon, through the expansion of the jaws 82, the rivet is forced through opening 84, whereby caution is observed that the jaws 82 lie above the plates 5 and 8 at a distance less than the rivet shank length, so that the rivet enters by its shaft into the drill hole before leaving the opening 84 of the jaw pair 82. The operation of the machine is as follows:

On Fig. 12, the table 8 (Fig. 2), on .which the plates 5 and 8 are held, has been advanced by the pawl 48 (Fig. 8) for a rivet spacing, so that the axis of the drill hole tobe made coincides with that of the drill N. to Fig. 9, the drill is lowered by movement of the rack l2 and at the same time rotated, the drill hole is first bored, whereupon the countersink for the head of the sunken rivet is milled out by the countersinker l4, until the stop I! is seated on the upper plate 6.

The cuttings resulting from the drilling are carried from the radial opening |8a by the compressed air stream coming through-the conduit |8b and blown out of the cylinder of the hammer I8. The drill is thereupon drawn back to its position as stated by the spring (Fig. 3), and during this movement the rivet feeder I8 is rocked by the rod 21 (Fig. 22) so that the axis of the punch 88 (Fig. 16) lies in the same range as that of the drill hole.

In the meantime a rivet has passed from the reservoir through the collecting passage and the discharge passage to the head of the rivet feeder. If, now, the drill is again lowered by the cam 28 (Fig. 18) acting on the rack l2, a rivet I8 is inserted in the hole. Immediately after reascent of the drill the rivet feeder I8 is swung back by rod 21 to the initial. position, while the counter-support I1 is swung over the head of the counter-sunk rivet .by the rod 28 (Fig. 22). By means of the cam disc 48 (Fig; 22) the corresponding valve in head 8 is raised so that compressed air can enter through passage 88 into cylinden8l, and in the plate closer |8 exerts pressure from below against the plates .5 and 6 (Fig. 11). Thereupon, through the cam disc 44, the corresponding valve is raised, so that compressed air passes through the passage 86 below piston rod 84, thus the head of the rivet being formed by the riveting hammer l8. Thereupon the If, now, according counter-support I1 is again swung back to its Figs. 23 to 33 show a modification of the riveting machine, in which the object remains stationary during the drilling and riveting, although a riveting punch is provided which, together with the drill, is mounted on a support slidable in the direction of the rivet rows In the construction of the automatic drilling and riveting machine shown in Figs. 23 to 33, in the drill head 90, which is secured to the standard 9I shown on Fig. 24, the drill 92 is attached to a rod 93 whichis mounted or.journalled in the brackets or bearings 94 of a sleeve 95, the

.end of the latter extending into a tubular extens'ion 96 of the countersinker 91. The extension 91 has a shoulder 98 against which a spring 99.

is supported-which is applied against the front end of sleeve 95 and presses the latter against the upper bearing 94. The end of the extension 96 is attached to a compressed air piston I00 which is slidably journalled vertically of the drill head 90 in an annular flange IOI serving as a cylinder, and which is covered below by a sheet metal disc I02. Traction or return springs I03 are interposed between this disc and the piston I00. Compressed air is passed to the cylinder IOI through a conduit I04. v

The countersinker 91 has the profile shown on Fig. 23 for makingthecountersink I05, which is a combination of a conical surface I06 and a connected horizontal annular surface I01.

The drill passes freely through a bore I08 of the sinker 91, the drill being then encompassed by the sinker punch 91.

The riveting punch I09 is journaled so as to raise and lower, in drill head 90, together with the drill and countersinking punch. Punch I09 passes freely through the piston I00 and the lower part thereof is encompassed by a sleeve I I 0 which is suspended to the punch by means of a pin III which is guided at its ends in vertical slots I I2 of the sleeve.

, At the lower end, the sleeve has a solid part a I I3 provided with a shoulder I I4. A spiral spring H5 is interposed between this shoulder and the ends of pin III. The solid part H3, which is provided with-a bore I6 for the passage of the rivet-inserting punch 'I 09, is provided with a diametric'recess H1, in which a pair II8 of spring jaws is journalled oscillatably about the pivot pins H9. The jaw pairis provided, at the opposite ends, with semi-cylindrical recesses or depressions which are enlargedto an opening I20, cor.- responding to the shank I2I of the rivet. {The jaws are so conformed that the head I22 of the rivet (Fig. 31) can lie on the jaws.

The part II3 extends somewhat over the jaws I I0 to the rear-and is there provided with straight supporting surfaces I23, which thus lie laterally of the bore II 9.

Above the recess .1 the solid part H3 is provided with a member I24 having a T-shaped recess which is formed of the horizontal part I25 (Fig. 25) and the vertical part I26. This recess I25, I26 terminates in the bore H6 of the part II3. The member I24 forms part of riveted together is the riveting hammer I3I,

pressed on the plates.

which is encompassed by a plate closer I32. The diagrammatically illustrated hammer is, for example, a compressed air hammer, the cylinder I33 of which is supplied with compressed air througha conduit I34. The plate closer I32 is provided at the delimitation directly encompassing the cylinder bore I35 with shoulders I36 (Fig. 23) corresponding to the countersink. A

compressed air conduit can also terminate at the upper part of bore I35 in order to blow drill cuttings out through the opposite opening I38. The plate closer is raised and lowered in the construction'shown bymeans of a wedge piston I39 which is horizontally slidable in a compressed air cylinder I40. The cylinder is supplied with compressed air through a passage "I.

The piston I39 is returned by apressure spring to its initial position.

For automatically feeding the rivets I2I, I 22, the feed passage I21 is provided with a slide I43 (Figs; 26 to 28) which actssomething like a sluice and is controlled by a compressed air piston I44. Compressed air is supplied to the cylinder I45 through a conduit I46. 'I'he piston I44 is returned to its initial position by a spring I41. The slide l43 has a recess I48such that in one position of the vertical part I26 (Fig. 25) it closes off the recess I 25, I26 and thus lies in the path of the rivet shank I 2|, while in the other position it releases the shank.

The drill head 90 is longitudinally slidable in the direction of the rivet rows, and mounted for example on a swallowtail guide (Fig.24), so that the riveting punch can .be carried above the drill hole.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

If a new rivet is to be inserted andriveted the plates I 29, I30 are advanced for a spacing, and the individual elements assume the position shown-on Fig. 23, in which the drill 92, its encompassing countersink punch 91, the riveting punch I09 and the part II3 of sleeve I00 are at a distance above the plates.. In this position the recess I25, I26 is connected with the memthe opening I20 of the'jaws IIO, its head thus suspended on the jaws.

By advancing the 'piston I39 into the position of Fig. 29 the cylinder I32 is first raised until it is applied on the plates I29 and I30, whereupon compressed air is admitted above piston I00, whereby the countersink punch 91 is The countersink I06 (Fig. 29) is thereby made by the conical surface I06. The plates are then held between the horizontal pressure surfaces I01 of the punch 91 and the horizontal surfaces of the cylinder I32 serving as a plate closer.

On descent of the counterslnker'91 the (hill 92 lowers therewith (Fig. 29). It is now lowered through control of the rod 93, whereby sleeve 99 is carried along and spring 99 compressed. On

setting the drill 92 in operation an exactly cylindrical hole I (Figs. 30 and 31) is drilled in the conical surfaces of the plates I29 and I30.

On raising the 'rod 93, the drill 92 is drawn. back into the countersink punch 91, and on discharging the compressed air from cylinder III the countersinker 91 together with the drill '92 is returned to the initial position of Fig. 23.

The drill head 90 is then moved to the right on the, swallowtail guide I49 to such extent that the axis of the riveting punch I09 coincides with the axis of the drill head I3I, thus assuming the position of Fig. 31.

The riveting punch is then lowered and with it the sleeve 0 with its solid part 3, until this part is seated by its pressure surfaces I23 on the upper plate I29, so that the plates I29 and I30 are retained between the part II 3 and the plate closer I32. On further descent of the riveting punch the spring H5 is compressed and, by means of the punch, the rivet is inserted in the hole I50, with the expansion of the resilient J'aws II8.- The head I 22 thereby comes to ll in the countersink I05 (Fig. 32).

While compressed air is passed through the passage I34 to the compressed air hammer the riveting, punch I09 remains on the rivet head I22 as a counter-support, so that the closure head of the rivet is formed by the hammer (Fig. 33). V

In the position of Figs. 32 and 33 the one part of the passage forming the rivet feed channel is separated from the feed channel I21, and the slide I43 assumes the closure position of Fig. 28.

The punch IOI is first raised, this movement being supported by the spring II5. On further ascent of the punch the latter carries along the sleeve H0 and the part II3, until the parts return to the position of Fig. 23, in which the channel is again connected with the passage I21, so that another rivet can be released by the slide I43. Thereupon the drill head 90 is again moved'back to the left, until the axis of the drill 92 is above that of the hammer I3I. The plate closer I32 is again lowered, as the space behind the piston I39 is again put in communication with the atmosphere, so that the piston passes to the initial position of Fig. 23 through the action of the spring I42.

As a result of the possibility of bringing the drill 92 out of the axis of the hammer I3I after completing the drilling by moving the head 90, and of carrying the riveting punch I09 into this axis, the stroke of the drill rod 93, and thus also the vibrations produced thereby, are very small.

Figs. 34 to 36 diagrammatically show how the countersink punch 91 and the drill 92 cooperate, when the drill begins its working stroke, after the counterslnker is applied on the plate.

As previously stated, the punch 91 is disposed so as to be raised and lowered, above the work table, and coaxial with the bore I35. The punch 91 is formed as a hollow member, in which the drill 92 is journalled so as to be raised and lowered. The drill 92 can pass freely through the bore I08 in the countersink punch.

The punch 91 together with the drill 92, which is still in the bore I 08, is first lowered on the plates I29 and I30, which lie onthe work table 3, whereby the countersink I05 (Fig. 34) is formed. Thereupon, the plates I29 and I30 being held between the table 3 and the punch 91, the drill 92 is lowered and the rivet hole I50 drilled (Fig. The drill is then raised to the position of Fig. 34, whereupon the punch 91 and the drill 92 are raised into the position of Fig. 36.

As the countersink I05 is made first and then the hole I drilled, the latter is'given the exactly cylindrical walls as shown on Fig. 36, so that in riveting the hole is completely filled by the rivet shank. The accuratelylcylindrical wall is as sured in that the plates I29 and I30 are held between the countersink punch 91 and the work table 3 during the drilling.

If fiaps or ribs are to be riveted on plates a number of rivets may be provided simultaneously by arranging a correspondingly larger number of drills and countersinking punches encompassing them, in thedrill head.

The construction according to Figs. 37 to 39 shows how a rib I52 'is riveted with its lateral flanges I53 and I54 on the plate I5I.

For this purpose, the drill head 90 is provided, instead of a single drill corresponding to the drill 92 of Fig. 23, with two drills 92a and 92b, spaced apart, and, correspondingly, also with two countersinking punches 91a and 91b, through which the drills can pass. The two drills are guided by means of the rods I55 in a guide member I56 and are suspended to a common crosspiece I51 attached to the spindle 93.

Like in the previously described constructions there are provided in the drill head 90, together with the drill, the riveting device and an automatic rivet feeder, and two riveting punches I09a riveting punch I60. The latter is disposed in the cylinder I6I of the hammer I62. Attached to this cylinder are also cylinders I32a and I32b, which serve as plate closers in the countersinking, drilling and riveting.

The operation of this embodiment is substantially the same as that according to Figs. 23 to 36.

The automatic rivet feed mechanism can also be otherwise constructed, and instead of compressed air hammers for the riveting use may be made of other riveting tools.

Thick plate can be countersunk also by means of a milling cutter instead of a profiled or shaped countersink punch.

Figs. 40 to 43 show modifications of the machine in which the countersink punch is also encompassed by a plate closer.

In the construction of Figs. 40 and 41 a pressing punch I64 having at its lower end a counterslnker I65 is screwed in a support I63 of a ma-, chine for making rivet holes. Disposed around punch I64 is a plate closing sleeve I66 which is slidable relative to punch I64. Sleeve I66 engages by an inner flange I61 over an extension I68 of the punch I64. A rubber ring or collar is disposed between sleeve I 66 and support I63. Punch I64 has a bore I10 in which adrill III is axially slidable. The table I12 of the machine is below punch I64 and is provided with a countersink I13 is applied on the plate I15 (Fig-41). After the countersink is made the drill I1I is moved downwardly, axially with respect to punch I64, whereby the rivet hole in both plates I15 and I16 is produced. On termination of the drilling all the parts are removed from the plates, which can then be further advanced to drill the next rivet hole,

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