RU2634589C2 - Enclosed-type low-noise electro transforming substation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: electro transforming substation comprises a power electro transformer, which is composed of an active part in the form of the magnetic conductor and insulated windings that are coved by the total magnetic flux, of a structural frame and a foundation base, and active part acoustic radiation attenuation devices. The composite node members are installed in the building air cavity. The acoustic radiation attenuation devices of the power electro transformer active part is introduced by the noise limiters that are made up from the Helmholtz resonators, composed of the utilizable bottle capacities of polyethyleneterephthalate tare with the chamber and open neck parts, with fitted into it inner tubular extensions of the open neck parts that have outer and inner sections, of the predetermined dimensional specifications. The natural resonance oscillatory frequencies of the implemented Helmholtz resonators are two, or four, or six as much as the alternate current commercial frequency of the power-line, to which the power electro transformer is connected. The frequency-response tunings of the Helmholtz resonators satisfy the actual functional frequency rate of the acoustic radiation of the power electro transformer active part. The frequency-response tunings of the Helmholtz resonators are defined by the relevant implementation of its composite members that are composed of the transformable modifiable utilizable bottle capacities of polyethyleneterephthalate tare - 16, where the capacities air volume is equal to the chamber part cavity space, the capacities physical length and passage area are equal to the open neck part. These parameters are formed by virtue of the implemented inner tubular extensions that are of the predetermined dimensional specifications and are fitted into the open neck parts of the utilizable bottle capacities of the polyethyleneterephthalate tare. These parameters are also calculated due to the air temperature, which is settled in the air cavity of the building.

EFFECT: diminution in value.

14 cl, 37 dwg

Description

A power electric transformer can be a significant source of parasitic acoustic (noise) pollution of the environment, carried out both in residential areas of the open spaces of settlements, and in industrial, public or residential premises in which biological objects (people, animals) are located. According to published information materials [1 ... 7], the main (dominant) sources that generate sound radiation (noise) from a power electric transformer is its active part, which is presented in the form of a magnetic circuit and isolated windings covered by a common magnetic flux, as well as a natural system (device) and / or forced ventilation cooling of its active part:

[1] Tupov VB Noise reduction from power equipment: a textbook for universities in the direction of "Power Engineering", M .: MEI Publishing House, 2005. - 232 p.

[2] Lazaron D.F., Bikir N.L. The noise of electrical machines and transformers. Per. with rum., M., "Energy", 1973, 271 p.

[3] Tupov VB, Chugunkov DV, Belyakov MV The experience of reducing the screen noise level of power transformers. Power stations, No. 10, 2010, p. 38-40.

[4] Handbook for industrial noise control. Per. from English L.B. Scriabinoy and N.I. Shabanova ed. V.V. Klyueva, M., Mechanical Engineering, 1979, 447 p.

[5] Combating noise in production. Directory. Ed. E.Ya. Yudina, Engineering, M., 1985, 400 p.

[6] Handbook of technical acoustics. Ed. M. Hekla and H.A. Mueller. Leningrad, Shipbuilding, 1980, 440 p.

[7] Helmut V. Fuchs, Shallabsorber und Shalldampfer. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberrg 2004, 2007, p. 546.

The mechanical vibrations of the active part of the power transformer are caused by variable magnetostrictive and electromagnetic forces arising in the magnetic system and variable dynamic forces in isolated windings. In this case, the magnetostrictive component is the dominant vibration and noise excitation force. In AC networks with an industrial frequency f _c = 50 Hz with induction values of more than 1.4 T, the magnetostrictive component is manifested at multiple harmonics f ₁ = 2f _c = 100 Hz, f ₂ = 4f _c = 200 Hz and f ₃ = 6f _c = 300 Hz. During magnetization reversal, the active part of the magnetic system of electric transformers, the induction in it reaches a maximum twice in one period of the AC network frequency, which corresponds to a twofold dynamic change in the length of steel sheets of the magnetic circuit (magnetic system). This, in particular, is responsible for the periodic oscillations of the magnetic system with a double frequency (f ₁ = 2f _c = 100 Hz) with respect to the frequency of the AC network (f _c = 50 Hz) and the multiple harmonics accompanying it f ₂ = 4f _c = 200 Hz and f ₃ = 6f _c = 300 Hz.

Together with the forces of magnetostrictive origin, the magnetic system (magnetic core) experiences a dynamic effect of forces of magnetic origin. In particular, this is manifested in the butt joints of steel sheets of a charged magnetic core, when the magnetic flux is forced to flow from sheet to sheet in air or oil gaps formed due to loose joining of steel sheets with each other. In this case, alternating transverse forces arise, causing bending vibrations of the steel sheets, accompanied by vibro-acoustic excitations and noise emission (“spurious low-frequency electric transformer hum”). When the induction values are less than 1.4 T, the noise radiation produced by directly insulated windings, the conductors of which vibrate under the influence of mutual attraction forces when alternating current flows through them, becomes significant. Sound-generating surface zones in these cases are predominantly end parts of insulated windings, pressing rings, yoke beams, fasteners.

Significant influence on the amplification of the noise radiation of a power transformer can also be caused by dynamic resonant phenomena that manifest themselves in the form of mechanical vibrations (vibrations), its components - coolers, walls of the oil tank, expander, pipelines.

Radiators of the cooling system can also be significant structural (solid-surface) sources of noise due to large surfaces of sound emission and possible occurrences (excitations) of resonant mechanical vibrations of individual parts of the cooler, transmission of vibration from the oil tank, while oil pumps used in cooling systems, as a rule , do not have any significant effect on the resulting sound field of the electrical transformer substation. The vibrational energy is transferred from the active part of the power transformer to the tank walls through solid transmission paths - through supports or through the fastening elements of the active part to the tank, as well as through the cooling oil inside it. As part of the electric transformer substation, along with thin-walled, plate-type vibrating parts of the oil tank, noise-generating elements can be stairs, pipelines, expanders attached to the tank. The ventilating cooling devices of the active part of the power transformer, which are part of an electrotransformer substation of a closed type, represented by cooling systems with natural or forced circulation of air flows, containing open ventilation ducts (openings), are also intensive sources and direct paths (channels) of parasitic low-frequency transmission into the environment noise emissions ("electric transformer hum").

Typical well-known structural and technological methods for reducing the noise emissions of power transformers are to implement the following measures:

- ensuring low noise internal sources of vibro-acoustic radiation and, first of all, the active part (magnetic circuit with insulated windings) and ventilation cooling devices of the power transformer;

- the use of effective devices for vibration isolation of the tank metal structure from sources of dynamic (vibrational) excitation - the active part and ventilation cooling devices of the power electric transformer;

- elimination of intrinsic mechanical vibrational resonances of the walls of the tank and mounted elements located on the tank by changing their stiffness characteristics, introducing additional dissipative vibration damping coatings on thin-walled elements, using tuned dynamic vibration dampers;

- the use of additional soundproofing and sound-absorbing devices (fences) in the form of soundproofing casings and screens, acoustic capsules, single-layer porous sound-absorbing claddings, multilayer laminated composite panels, represented by alternating dense sound-reflecting and porous sound-absorbing layers;

- weakening of the transmission of vibrational energy by solid paths through the supporting profiles of the frame elements and the frame of the electric transformer housing fastening through its foundation base to the attached elements of the wall, floor, ceiling (roof) panels of the room (building) of the electric transformer substation and / or to the corresponding adjacent adjacent building structures of the production , public or residential premises in which it is located, achieved by eliminating (weakening) rigid (solid) dynamically their relations with the building (building) building structures, including the use of a foundation of large mass (at least 10 times greater than the mass of a power transformer installed on it), using high-performance power transformers connected to the elements, structures of vibration isolators, vibration dampers and dynamic vibration dampers.

A power electric transformer, as part of an electric transformer substation, can be in an open form for the environment (located in open spaces). It can also be located in a closed (isolated) autonomous room (building) of a closed type, made for example in the form of a metal acoustic capsule or a building structure (brick, reinforced concrete blocks) as shown in FIG. 1. Also, of this type of electric transformer substation, it can be represented as a built-in closed (isolated) room, which is part of a production, public or residential building containing prefabricated large-panel (reinforced concrete, frame-metal, large-block monolithic or manual brickwork) structural and technological designs of wall enclosing panels (wall partitions, floor, ceiling) of the premises of the building of a closed type electric transformer substation (see. Fig. 2). This type of electrical transformer substation is called a closed type electrical transformer substation. The noise emission of a power electric transformer as part of a closed type electric transformer substation compared to an open type substation is characterized by a reduced intensity of acoustic energy transmitted to the environment (to adjacent residential areas, to adjacent rooms of the building’s building structure). However, due to the dominant nature of the low-frequency noise radiation of power electric transformers (f = 100 ... 300 Hz), which manifests itself in the form of an "electric transformer hum" and having, as is known, high penetrating power, with its intense spread over long distances without a noticeable share of dissipative absorption of acoustic energy, the sound-insulating ability of typical enclosing structures of closed transformer substations is not always sufficient (effective). In particular, this applies to structural elements, characterized not only by weak soundproofing properties, but also contributing to enhanced transmission of acoustic energy from the confined space of the room (building) of the electrical transformer substation, both into the environment and into adjacent rooms of the building’s building structure (thin-walled panel elements , poor sound insulation of seals, open waveguide sound-transmitting channels). This primarily relates to doorways and open ventilation ducts (openings) of a room (building) of a closed transformer substation.

Known devices of power electric transformers equipped with various technical means of suppressing (reducing) the noise emissions of power electric transformers, produced mainly by their active part, formed by a magnetic circuit and insulated windings covered by a common magnetic flux. The technical devices used to reduce the noise emissions produced by power electric transformers relate both to structural improvements of directly constituent elements of a power electric transformer, and to the use of improved designs of external autonomous enclosed spaces (buildings), in which power electric transformers are located, with the formation of low-noise electric transformer substations of closed type.

Known, in particular, is a single-phase armored electric transformer (reactor) according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention RU 2208859, in which the reduction of its noise radiation is ensured by the choice of a special geometric shape of the cross section of the cores, providing a more snug fit to each other in the assembled magnetic circuit, using the appropriate coupler design and a bandage.

It is also known the introduction to the structure of power transformers of various types of vibration damping, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating elements as this, in particular, is presented in the patents for inventions of Great Britain - GB 984626 (publ. 03.03.1965), GB 971765 (publ. 07.10.1964), GB 925522 (publ. 05/08/1963), GB 1094618 (publ. 12/13/1967), GB 826501 (publ. 06/01/1960), the application for the invention of Japan - JP 2007134628 (publ. 31.05.2007), patent for the invention of France - FR 1384344 (publ. 1965).

Structural and technological improvements of the external enclosing walls of enclosed spaces (buildings) of electric transformer substations in which power electric transformers are located (variant design of an electric transformer substation of closed type) are known, in particular, from the following technical solutions:

- British patent GB 925522 (publ. 08/05/1963);

- patent for the invention of Great Britain GB 791238 (publ. 02.26.1958);

- patent for the invention of Great Britain GB 949213 (publ. 12.02.1964);

- US patent US 4,840,251 (publ. 06/20/1989);

- patent for US invention US 4497387 (publ. 05.02.1985);

- US patent US 8044307 (publ. 25.10.2011);

- Japan Patent JP 55-46531 (publ. 04/01/1980);

- Japan Patent JP 55-53403 (publ. 16/10/1978);

- Japan Patent JP 54-154031 (publ. 05/25/1978);

- Japan patent JP 52-20241 (publ. 02.06.1977);

- applications for the invention of Germany GE 1563124 (publ. 02.01.1970);

- patent for the invention of France FR 1259792 (publ. 20.03.1961);

- European patent for the invention EP 0074521 (publ. 23.03.1983)

According to the above patents for inventions, in particular, technical solutions are considered aimed at rationalizing (improving) geometric shapes and / or introducing additional toughening elements of the enclosing walls of rooms (buildings) of electrical transformer substations, the use of additional cladding sound-absorbing linings mounted on the inner surfaces of the enclosing walls rooms of electric transformer substations (buildings), the use of original geometric shapes of locks screen sound-reflecting elements and open ventilation openings (channels) of rooms (buildings) of electric transformer substations located in areas of direct propagation of sound energy flows into the environment.

Also known are technical devices for attenuating low-frequency (up to ~ 400 Hz) sound energy, characterized by the dominant noise range of power electric transformers, in the form of a “low-frequency electric transformer hum” based on the use of appropriate original structures of acoustic materials in the form of multilayer compositions comprising components made of silicone rubber or acrylic rubber, porous open-cell and protective film layers, see the application for the invention of Japan - JP 2008034477 (publ. 2008-02-14), JP 2008032838 (publ. 2008-02-14), JP 2007324389 (publ. 2007-12-13), JP 2010003919 (publ. 2010-01-07).

It is known to use evacuated structures of the composite structural elements of electrical transformer substations, providing a corresponding attenuation of the noise radiation propagated through this type of structure of the structural elements of power electrical transformers into the open space, according to applications for inventions:

- international application for the invention of WO 2011/138330 (publ. 10.11.2011);

- applications for the invention of Japan JP 59-172218 (publ. 03/18/1983);

- applications for the invention of Japan JP 61006812 (publ. 06/21/1984);

It is known to use active noise suppression systems produced by power electric transformers, the principle of which is based on the generation of artificial antiphase acoustic signals that compensate for the amplitude values of real acoustic signals (noise emissions) directly generated by the constituent elements of a power electric transformer, as, in particular, is presented in applications and patents for inventions:

- international application for the invention of WO 2011/138329 (publ. 10.11.2011);

- application for the invention of Japan JP 2008218745 (publ. 09/18/2008);

- application for the invention of Japan JP 2008226933 (publ. September 25, 2008);

- US patent US 6633107 (publ. 10/14/2003);

- US patent US 5394376 (publ. 02.28.1995);

- application for invention of the USA US 2012/0121101 (publ. 05.17.2012);

- US patent US 5617479 (publ. 01.04.1997);

- patent for US invention US 2776020 (publ. 01.01.1957);

- US patent US 3906181 (publ. 09/16/1975);

- US patent US 4525791 (publ. 25.01.1985);

It is also known to use frequency-tuned acoustic resonators used to suppress the noise emissions of power transformers, realized in the form of evacuated thin-walled membrane elements mounted on wall enclosing structures of an electric transformer substation, according to European patent for invention EP 0109587 (published on 05/30/1984), as well as the form of volumetric (cavity) designs of Helmholtz acoustic resonators (see the application for the invention of Japan JP 2010212350, published on 09.24.2018 0 and the patent for the invention of Great Britain GB 1220717, published 01/27/1971), the application for the invention of France FR 2358721, published 03/17/1978

All the above-mentioned known technical solutions described in applications and patents for inventions are characterized by insufficiently high acoustic (noise-damping) efficiency and / or complexity and high cost of their manufacture, and / or low (unstable) operational characteristics and / or insufficient reliability and durability of their operation as well as unsatisfactory environmental characteristics associated with the manufacture of their composite structural elements and with their forced disposal at the end uw them related to environmental pollution lifecycle environment. For the above reasons, and also because of the increased relevance of an effective solution to the problem of recycling solid polymer waste represented by the constituent elements of technical objects that have completed their life cycle, industrial and technological waste and defective products, the claimed technical device (application for invention) covers a comprehensive solution to the above problems in successfully resolving technical, economic, social and environmental problems.

It is also known that spurious noise emissions of various types of noise-generating technical objects (vehicles, industrial-technological and sanitary-technical equipment, power plants, ventilation and air conditioning systems, electric machines, household appliances), including noise-generating power electric transformers, require the development of effective technologies (technical devices) for utilization of sound energy emitted by them. On the other hand, there are urgent problems of the necessary disposal of structural materials represented in the form of solid polymer waste arising from the disposal of technical objects that have completed their life cycle, and / or the disposal of industrial and technological defects and waste polymeric materials (parts and components of machines made from polymer materials). The problem of energy utilization of the above-mentioned spurious noise emissions (utilization of sound energy) produced by various sound-generating technical facilities (vehicles, industrial-technological and sanitary-technical equipment, power plants, ventilation and air conditioning systems, electric machines, household appliances) is also very urgent. technique). For these reasons, the development of integrated effective technologies (methods, devices) aimed at material and energy utilization of solid polymer waste, the products of which, as semi-finished sound-absorbing substances and / or as semi-finished composite noise-attenuating parts and assemblies, can be further used for processes The subsequent utilization of the parasitic noise energy emitted by noise generating technical objects seems to be very popular not only with environmental, but also with economic and social points of view.

It is known that the production of technical devices is associated both with the corresponding material and energy and labor costs, and with the accompanying material and energy environmental pollution. All this causes the urgent need to minimize them. In particular, this relates to the production of technical devices made of polymeric materials. As a raw material in the production of polymeric materials and products from them, as a rule, non-renewable hydrocarbon raw materials (oil, natural gas) are used. The technology of their production is characterized by high energy costs, harmful production conditions and an unsatisfactory level of environmental pollution with toxic emissions into air and water basins. A particular problem is the disposal of solid industrial and technological waste and the marriage of the production of polymer materials and products from them, as well as the disposal of already manufactured technical devices made of polymer materials that have completed their life cycle. The solution of these technical problems of environmentally safe and cost-effective disposal of products made of polymeric materials is associated with the implementation of expensive technological processes carried out using sophisticated technological equipment. One of the fastest growing in terms of production and consumption of polymer material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In particular, PET was widely used in the polymer packaging industry (PET packaging). Also, in large volumes, it is widely used as fibrous and film materials under the trademarks of Sipron, Dacron, Polyester. Specifications for PET material are determined by the requirements of the domestic standard - GOST R 51695-2000 "Polyethylene terephthalate. General specifications. " A special place in the nomenclature of the production of PET containers is occupied by bottle capacitive PET containers, as the most common in the food and packaging industry, used for packaging and storing water, drinks, beer, juices, oils, etc. Its annual production and the associated attendant necessary volumes of utilization on a global scale are estimated in trillions of pieces (million tons). This presents a very important ecological problem of preventing environmental pollution of this type by utilized solid, hard to decompose polymeric materials (polymer packaging makes up about 40% of municipal waste sent to landfill). The main technical methods for the disposal of solid polymer waste, as you know, are the technological processes of their thermal decomposition by pyrolysis, decomposition (hydrolysis, glycolysis), to obtain the initial low molecular weight products (monomers, oligomers) and secondary (recycled) mechanical processing. The indicated technical methods of recycling are preceded by pre-treatment of solid polymer waste, including separation separation (flotation, aeroseparase, electroseparation, chemical methods, deep cooling methods), sorting and identification, grinding (mechanical, cryogenic), washing, drying (vortex, belt, bucket , with a "fluidized bed"), granulation. The resulting raw materials, in the form of granules, are used as a secondary additive to primary raw materials, along with additionally introduced plasticizers, stabilizers and fillers, in the production of various types of technical devices, in particular, household chemical goods, construction and agricultural implements, pallets for cargo transportation, pipes, cladding elements, etc. The final consumers of products made of PET material are manufacturers of bottle-type capacitive PET containers, films and fibers, food, textile, and tire industries. Technological processes for the manufacture of bottle-shaped PET containers are based on injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, vacuum molding, including the use of recycled (recycled) polyethylene terephthalate in the form of PET flakes (chips, fleks) or PET granules.

The increase in the volume of recycled processing of recycled bottle capacitive PET containers associated with the implementation of complex and time-consuming technological processes for its collection, sorting, cleaning, crushing, thermo-chemical transformations is constrained by high financial costs, reaching 50% of the increase in total production costs. A widespread method of disposal of obsolete PET bottle containers is their energy utilization by incineration, the volume of which can reach up to 40% of polymer waste. However, this disposal technology necessitates the use of complex and expensive technical devices for cleaning combustion products, which are characterized by insufficiently high efficiency and / or unsatisfactory stability.

Known technical solutions for the recycling of PET materials represented by recyclable bottle containers of PET containers are contained, in particular, in the following links to descriptions of published applications and patents of inventions related to relevant technical devices and technological operations (technological processes - methods):

- collection, sorting, separative separation, packaging in integrated blocks - RU 2348530, RU 2150385, RU 2091224, US 2014299523, US 2014299524, US 2011/0127362, US 2004/0155374, US 5115987, US 5688693, JP 2005041671, JP 2002292630, US 5554657, US 4830188, KR 20070070754, FR 2560155; - cleaning (washing) - RU 2335394, RU 2465972, RU 2137787, RU 2020005, RU 2235019, US 2011/0127362, US 2004/0155374, US 2003/0010360, EP 0237127, WO 09527753, WO 0183112, US 5688693, DE 10002682 , WO 09955508, US 5266124, EP 0304667, DE 19545357, JPH 11302443, US 4830188, US 2010140382;

- grinding (crushing) - RU 2384592, RU 2561475, RU 2349451, RU 2150385, RU 2233200, WO 0183112, US 2011/0155374, WO 09527753, US 7546965, US 5947016, US 5688693, DE 19545357, KR 20000072851, KR 20000010466, KR 20000010466 JPH 11302443, US 4830188, KR 20010079125;

- granulation - US 6436322, DE 19618363, US 6217804, KR 20010079125;

- extrusion, thermochemical technological processes - RU 2496805, RU 2458946, RU 2263658, RU 2137787, RU 2103257, US 5073203, US 2007/0299150, DE 19629042, WO 09928285, WO 09527753, US 4605762, US 5945460, US 5807932, US 5597932, US 55979 , US 5952520, US 5580905, KR 20000010466, JPH 11302443, MX 201201936, MX 2007004429, US 4973746, US 4355175;

- combined technologies for the production of multicomponent composite and / or multilayer polymeric materials - RU 2302433, RU 2264917, RU 2356915, SU 1331654, RU 2363572, RU 2569371, JPH 08253223, FR 2560155, US 5472753, US 5804305, WO 9702939, WO 9920462, KR 20100045695, JP 2002361647.

- the use for other purposes, the components of the utilized PET containers as semi-finished elements of technical devices - RU 2559129.

The above known methods and technical devices for recycling PET containers (bottle capacitive PET containers) are characterized by complex, time-consuming, expensive and environmentally imperfect (dirty) technological methods for their processing.

As a prototype of the claimed technical solution, which coincides with it in the maximum number of essential features, the technical device of a low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to UK patent GB 1220717, published on 01/27/1971. According to the known invention, a low-noise closed type transformer substation is characterized by an improved effect of suppressing sound radiation (noise reduction) from a power transformer, on its three harmonic frequency components - 2f _c , 3f _c and 6f _c for a particular case, equal to 120, 180 and 360 Hz, assigned to the used (in the UK, USA) industrial frequency of the AC network f _c = 60 Hz, which is considered in the patent for the invention. It contains, in particular, a power electric transformer, consisting of an active part in the form of a magnetic circuit and isolated windings covered by a common magnetic flux, a supporting frame, a foundation base, a technical device for natural ventilation cooling, presented in the form of open channels (openings) located in the lower and the upper zones forming the inlet and outlet ventilation channels (openings) of the premises of the electric transformer substation, directing the air flows of the deflector elements, and e various technical devices for attenuation (damping) of acoustic radiation (“electric transformer hum”) produced by the active part of a power electric transformer, in the form of installed monolithic panel cladding sound-absorbing linings mounted on wall and ceiling elements of the enclosing panels of the walls and ceiling (roof) of the room (building) closed transformer substation, the surfaces of the walls of the guide deflector elements, as well as noise suppression devices, are made in the form of acoustic resonators mounted in the inlet and outlet cavities open ventilation channels (openings) placing elektrotransformatornoy substation closed.

The disadvantages of the known technical device for the specified prototype are:

a) the use of continuous monolithic layers of lining materials of sound-absorbing claddings mounted on the surfaces of enclosing panels (walls, ceilings, deflector elements), characterized by weak sound-absorbing properties in the current low-frequency region of the sound spectrum, which is known to be dominant in the noise emission spectra of power transformers (up to ~ 400 Hz), at a high cost and unsatisfactory environmental characteristics of this type of porous sound-absorbing materials (such as processes production and disposal);

b) the acoustic resonators used in the prototype are made of metal or polymer structural materials for the manufacture of which valuable raw materials have been spent, with the corresponding labor and energy costs for their manufacture;

c) the doorways of the considered technical device according to the prototype, as one of the weakest sound-insulating links in a closed room (building) of an electric transformer substation, does not contain sound-absorbing and sound-insulating elements that are effective in the low-frequency sound range, which does not contribute to an effective transmission barrier to the environment (adjacent room or open space) of a low-frequency "electric transformer hum", which has high penetrating power and weak space ennym attenuation;

d) the deflector elements used in the structure of open ventilation ducts increase the hydraulic (aerodynamic) resistance to the free passage of air flows, which degrades the performance of the ventilation system of the room (building), makes it difficult to efficient ventilation heat transfer (heat transfer) from the heated active part of the power transformer.

The inventive technical device provides for the use of simple, cheap and environmentally friendly technical use of a disposable bottle capacitive PET container, based on its different intended purpose - as a ready-made semi-finished product (element) used as part of a technical device for damping spurious acoustic energy (low-frequency "transformer" hum "), mounted as part of the inventive technical device" low noise electric transformer substation closed type ", a detailed description of constructive and technological execution of which will be explained below in the text above description of the application and claims.

Utilization of spurious noise energy produced by various exploited noise-generating technical objects (in this particular case - a power electric transformer) is based on the implementation of physical processes of absorption (conversion) of sound energy with its irreversible dissipation into thermal energy by the porous structures of sound-absorbing materials used in the construction of noise-damping devices. Interactive compensating interference phase-amplitude energy suppressions of direct and reflected sound waves (used as part of noise-suppressing technical devices by quarter-wave and / or half-wave acoustic resonators) and / or arising resistive dissipative sound energy losses by oscillating air masses implemented in noise-suppressing technical devices also take place. in the surface areas of the throat parts of Helmholtz acoustic resonators.

Regular (serial) disposable bottle containers of PET containers, which are represented by thin-walled capacitive shells of a cone-shaped (rather than dome-shaped) geometric shape, without a pronounced spasmodic boundary separation of the open neck and chamber parts, cannot directly be approximated by technical noise-suppressing devices presented in the form of a classical type Helmholtz acoustic resonators (a schematic representation of the classical type of Helmholtz acoustic resonator is given and Figure 3). In this type of acoustic devices, represented by cone-shaped bottle containers of PET containers, there are no clear pronounced signs of the boundary separation of the chamber and open neck parts inherent in the classical type of Helmholtz acoustic resonators, which does not allow them to be considered in the form of corresponding frequency-tuned devices for suppressing acoustic energy. By their appropriate modification, according to the submitted description proposals and the graphic part of the claimed technical device, they can be converted into original frequency-tuned sound-damping devices (noise suppressors), forming Helmholtz acoustic resonators of a classical type, endowed with pronounced signs of a clear boundary separation of the open throat and chamber parts, characterized by a given discrete resonant frequency tuning. In particular, this type of refinement can be achieved by additional installation in the open neck of the bottle PET container of the corresponding design of the inner tube extension of the open neck, the free end section of which is placed directly inside the air cavity of the chamber part of the bottle PET container (by choosing its corresponding overall length and flow area), see FIG. 4a, 4b. As a result, the air mass localized in the cavity of the inner tubular extension of the open neck portion, in the zone of its pronounced (spasmodic) boundary separation with the elastic air mass viscoelastically attached to it, concentrated in the cavity of the chamber portion, form the corresponding acoustic oscillatory system (concentrated throat air mass parts oscillating on the distributed elastic chamber air spring connected to it, as shown in Fig. 5a). At the same time, the physical principle of viscoelastic attachment of concentrated localized air masses in the plane of boundary separation (placement) of the end cut of the inner tube extension of the open neck and the chamber part of the bottle container of the PET container is observed, as is the case in the classical type of Helmholtz acoustic resonator (see Fig. 3). The preset frequency-resonance tuning of the indicated type of Helmholtz acoustic resonator is made by the appropriate choice of dimensions (capacitance) of the chamber part and the design of its open neck part, as shown in FIG. 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5d, 5e, which consists in a specific choice of its overall length h _G , length d _G and the passage area F _G , as well as (if necessary) additional use of certain resistive elements dissipative dissipation of vibrational energy introduced into the open throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator (see Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5e).

The capacitive PET bottle used as part of the used acoustic module can be represented as single isolated (disconnected) sound-damping elements (noise mufflers), or be completed (assembled) in interlocked modular acoustic panels (formed, for example, by a mechanical and / or adhesive connection of contacting walls of individual capacitive bottle elements of PET containers), with the possibility of realizing a more “thicker” (closely spaced) placement of open neck parts of families Twa instances capacitive used PET bottle container (see. FIG. 13 ... 20). This may turn out to be more preferable both for the implementation of more efficient absorption of sound energy, and from the point of view of ensuring the compactness of the used technical device of the acoustic module, reducing the complexity of its installation and dismantling, simplifying maintenance (washing, cleaning, replacing individual units during operation and etc.).

The control of the frequency spectrum of absorption of sound energy can be carried out, first of all, due to the appropriate choice (use) of oversized (different air volume) bottle capacity of PET containers. Attractive in minimizing costs (ensuring low material consumption), the final structural and technological refinement of the applied acoustic module, with the provision of its specified frequency-resonance adjustment, can be realized using the corresponding differing designs of internal tubular extenders mounted in the open neck parts of bottle containers of PET containers. It is carried out by selecting the dimensions of the internal tubular extension (length, area of the bore), perforating their walls, installing porous air-blown elements in their cavities endowed with a given differing acoustic resistance (differing parameters of airflow blowing resistance, pore tortuosity).

For a directed increase in resistive dissipation losses to the process of propagation of sound waves and dissipation of acoustic energy in the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, when resonant oscillations are excited in it, corresponding through holes of perforation limited by the limit values of the perforation coefficient k _per (k _lane ≤0.05). They can be performed not only directly in the wall of the used internal tubular extension, but also in the wall of the standard structure of the external protruding open throat part. This type of structural element used, of the resistive type, located in the wall of the internal tubular extension used in the cavity of the chamber part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, can conditionally be characterized by the corresponding parameter of energy losses. Due to the additional opposing resistances introduced by him on the excited resonant oscillatory process of the air mass concentrated in the open throat, it has a direct physical effect on the quality factor of the vibrational acoustic system as a whole. Thus, the frequency band of the effective functioning of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator R is expanded with a corresponding decrease in the dependence ("sensitivity") of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator R to a possible change in the external effect on its frequency detuning. As variable external influences on the functioning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R, we consider changes in the physical parameters of the environment in which sound waves propagate (changes in air temperature, and related changes in the speed of propagation and the length of sound waves).

In FIG. 5a is a simplified schematic physical model of an oscillatory acoustic system represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator R formed from a bottle container of a PET container. Depicted in FIG. 5a, the dashed line conditionally displays the spatial zones of the resulting resistive dissipation losses during the resonant vibrational motion of the elastic air masses of the throat m _g and chamber m _{to the} parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R.

The final resonant-frequency tuning of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators R to the specified operating functional frequencies of the “electric transformer hum" f ₁ = 100 Hz, f ₂ = 200 Hz, f ₃ = 300 Hz is carried out by the appropriate applications (design choice) of tubular extensions of open neck parts taking into account the used the volume of the cavities of the attached chamber parts of the bottle containers of utilized PET containers. The mounting installation of individual instances of Helmholtz R acoustic resonators, as part of the used acoustic modules, is most suitable in surface-spatial zones containing the weakest sound insulation links in a room (building) of a closed transformer substation, as well as spatially close to direct radiation sources of characteristic low-frequency “transformer noise” "(hum) at the three discrete frequency components f ₁ = 100 Hz, f ₂ = 200 Hz, f ₃ = 300 Hz (ak ivnoy parts Electric power) is transmitted to the environment (open space and / or the adjacent rooms of the building). Such zones of a suitable surface-spatial arrangement of Helmholtz R acoustic resonators are, first of all, doorways equipped with thin-walled panel elements and sound insulation elements unsatisfactory in sound insulation (see Fig. 1, 2, 6), as well as open ventilation ducts (openings) of the room (buildings) of an electric transformer substation (see Fig. 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10). For this reason, according to the proposed technical solutions of the claimed technical device, the open-type open ventilation ducts (openings) used can, in particular, additionally contain sequentially arranged volumetric expansion chambers, in the cavities of which disposed PET bottle containers are located and properly secured, such as this, for example, is shown in FIG. 7, 8, 9, 10, 21, 22. Likewise, disposable bottle containers of PET containers can be placed directly on the walls of the direct-flow open ventilation ducts (openings), outside the cavities of the volumetric expansion chambers (see FIGS. 11 and 12), and / or on the panel elements of the doorway of a room (building) of a transformer substation of a closed type (see Fig. 6). These design and technological versions are preferable from the point of view of obtaining a more efficient damping of acoustic energy (suppression of the "electric transformer hum") emitted from the premises (buildings) of the closed transformer substation into the environment. The modified capacitive bottle PET container can also be mounted in the above cavities (channels, chambers) both over the entire perimeter of the surface of the sections (channels, chambers, as shown in Fig. 7 ... 10), and can be located in them individually parts (surface areas), as shown in FIG. 11. For example, it can be mounted with its open throat parts opposite each other (see Fig. 21, 22) or installed only with a one-sided arrangement of the throat parts opposite the dense sound-reflecting or porous sound-absorbing surface of the wall (channel, chamber), as shown in FIG. eleven.

The perforation coefficient of the wall k _pm used in the claimed technical device of the throat layout matrix is k _pm ≥0.1. Preferably, the used diameter of the round perforation holes is taken to be 4 ... 8 mm. The choice of round perforation holes is preferable from the point of view of ensuring simplicity, economy and manufacturability of the technological process of perforation of thin-walled sheet structures.

Perforated wall structures of the throat assembly matrix can be used not only in its flat-sheeted metal structural and technological versions (see Figs. 11, 12, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28), but also in polymeric all-formed non-planar volumetric structures or their combined laminated combinations made of fibrous and / or foamed open-cell sound-absorbing materials, as shown in FIG. 11, 16, 17, 20, 29, 30, 31. In those cases when the problems of ensuring the acceptable resistance of the punching tool used for perforating sheet structures are no longer relevant, the technology of performing microperforation of walls with diameters of perforation holes not exceeding 1 mm may find application (0.001 m).

A volumetric expansion chamber used as part of an open-flow direct-flow type ventilation duct (opening) after mounting acoustic modules containing Helmholtz acoustic resonators R in its cavity, as shown in FIG. 7 ... 10, 21, 22, can be transformed, ultimately, into a classical resonator chamber, functioning no longer on the principle of a sound-reflecting “wave acoustic tube” (a typical function of a volume expansion chamber), but on the principle of functioning of a technical device of frequency-tuned dissipative sound absorption energy produced by the Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ used in it, frequency-tuned to discrete values of the resonant frequencies f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 . The dissipation of sound energy in this case is carried out as a result of resonant oscillations of concentrated air masses during their friction against the surface of the walls of each of the individual copies of the open neck parts of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ .

As at least one of the alternative structural and technological versions, it is provided that in one of the volumetric expansion chambers used, Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ can be arranged with different natural (resonant) frequencies f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 . In this case, the direct-flow open ventilation duct (opening) may contain at least three separate (oversized and / or one-dimensional) volumetric expansion chambers, in each of which Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , or R ₂ , or R ₃ are mounted .

As a different alternative technological design, it is envisaged that at least one of the volumetric expansion chambers contains only one type of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators R used, whose natural (resonant) frequencies are f _R1 or f _R2 or f _R3 .

In the area where the external sections of the open neck portions of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators R are adjacent to the soundproof structure (for example, perforated with a perforation coefficient k _pm ≥ 0.25) of the wall structure of the neck assembly matrix (lamellar or tubular type), the wall of the neck assembly matrix with external and / or on the inner side of the surface it can be additionally lined (lined) with a thin layer (several layers) of porous sound-absorbing material and / or a layer (several layers) of a sound-transparent night or tissue (nonwoven) material (as shown in FIG. 5e).

The structural and technological designs considered above, in the cavity of the volumetric expansion chamber, a coaxial sound-transparent and / or sound-absorbing coaxial channel is formed, which is presented in the form of a tubular element of the perforated structure of the neck assembly matrix (see Fig. 7 ... 10). Its bore (rectangular, round) is assumed to be identical or larger than the bore sections of the inlet and outlet sections of the nozzles of the open ventilation duct (rectangular, round). This ensures a direct-flow, without a corresponding increase in hydraulic (aerodynamic) resistance to the passage of ventilated air flows between the room (building) of the transformer substation and the external environment (open space).

The wall of the coaxial sound-transparent and / or sound-absorbing coaxial direct-flow channel formed inside the cavity of the volumetric expansion chamber as a component of the open ventilation channel (opening), formed by the perforated wall of the neck assembly matrix (kpm ≥ 0.1), can be additionally lined from the inside and / or from the outside lined with a thin (5 ... 10 mm) porous layer (s) of sound-absorbing material (foamed open-celled, fibrous), as shown in FIG. 7 ... 10, 12, 16, 17, 29 ... 31. Thus, an effective sound-absorbing structure of the coaxial channel is formed. A similar type of sound-absorbing coaxial channel of the tubular design of the throat assembly matrix is formed using its wall structure made of integrally formed porous fibrous and / or porous open-cell foam sound-absorbing material endowed with the required stiffness and strength characteristics. If necessary, to ensure an acceptable framework of the wall of the throat assembly matrix, appropriate structures of embedded soundproof transparent elements made of metal or polymeric materials (perforated plates, rods, nets) can be additionally used.

Wall structures of closed-type electrical transformer substations made of prefabricated large-panel (reinforced concrete, frame-metal), large-block monolithic or brickwork, in many cases provide the required sound insulation from the "electric transformer drone". At the same time, two “weak soundproofing links” are responsible for the intensive transfer of “spurious sound energy (electric transformer hum)” to adjacent rooms of a building building and / or to open space as part of a room (building) of a closed type electrical transformer substation. This type of "weak soundproofing links" are open ventilation ducts (openings) and doorways of a room (building), the entrance doors of which are equipped with thin-walled panel elements and are equipped with simplified structural and technological design, with insufficient sound insulation, sealing units. For this reason, improving the soundproofing characteristics of these most “weak soundproofing links” is an urgent task for developers of low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substations. It is also very important to take into account the structural and technological improvements of the claimed technical device of the low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation and the economic (cost), as well as environmental (disposal, material and energy resource saving) tasks, using simpler, more affordable and easily practiced techniques . The integrated solution of the identified problems is directed by the claimed technical solution.

Sticky and / or thermoactive adhesive substances of organic origin — synthetic oligomers and polymers such as phenol-formaldehyde, epoxy and polyester resins, polyamides, polyurethanes, rubbers, thermoplastic, thermoactive, can be used as adhesive substances used for mounting fixings of the components of the claimed technical device and / or rubber adhesives and / or inorganic substances such as aluminophosphate, silicate in liquid form, for example, in solutions, emulsions, suspension x, or in solid form, for example in films, rods, granules, powders - by their appropriate temperature melt or by application to heated mating surfaces.

In order to comply with the fire safety regulatory requirements, the composition of the claimed technical device may additionally use flame retardants - substances or mixtures of substances that protect against self-ignition and burning of materials of organic origin. Common flame retardants are aluminum hydroxide, boron, antimony, chloride compounds, and organic and inorganic phosphorus compounds.

Compliance conditions constraint limit the degree of perforation of the inner wall of the tubular extension open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator R (k ≤0,05F _{the PTU)} implies the removal constructive "acoustic shortening" dimensional geometric (or dynamic) internal tubular extension lengths in order to eliminate possible subsequent violation of the frequency-resonance tuning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R caused by fragmented fragmentation of an air volume localized in a polo the internal tubular extension (in the case of exceeding the specified limit value k of the _technical college in value).

The perforation coefficient of the wall of the throat layout matrix k _pm (k _pm ≥0.1) is taken from the condition of ensuring acceptable sound transparency of the wall of the throat layout matrix, as well as for the possible additional implementation of the physical process of effective sound absorption carried out by the related surface of the perforated wall of the throat layout matrix made of sheet metallic, or dense polymeric material, and / or walls of the throat assembly matrix made of air-blown tselnoformovannogo of porous sound-absorbing fibrous and / or open cell foamed sound absorptive material, and / or different multi-layer compositions comprising specific combinations of the above materials alternative structures. In these cases, due to the implementation of various technological and technological designs, the technical capabilities to control the degree and frequency composition of acoustic energy damping by the claimed technical device expand not only at discrete values of the resonant frequencies f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 , but also in others ( medium and high frequency) sound frequency ranges. A concomitant implementation of the constructive-technological concept of using the additionally formed Helmholtz acoustic resonator, represented by its multi-neck design of the open neck part, in the form of an installed perforated sheet layer of the throat located from the sound-reflecting surface of the wall structure of the room (building) and / or wall of the open ventilation duct (opening), is also possible. a layout matrix overlapping the corresponding air volume formed by communicating unfilled inter-chamber spaces formed between the outer surfaces of the walls of the family of recycled PET bottle containers used in the acoustic modules used.

The inventive structural and technological design of a noise suppressing device (silencer), made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, equipped with an internal tubular extension of the open neck (see Fig. 4a, 4b, 5a ... 5e), is not only compact in the structure formed, but also characterized by improved acoustic characteristics in comparison with the variant of a typical external arrangement of its tubular section of the open neck (the end section of which is outside the chamber chamber cavity part, with the connection to the inlet of the chamber part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, as is the case in its typical “classic” design shown in Fig. 3). This is due, in particular, to weaker dynamic excitation of the lower eigen acoustic modes (eigen resonance vibrations) of the air volume concentrated in the cavity of the chamber portion formed by the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R. The location of the internal end section of the oscillating air column concentrated in the cavity of the open throat portion is the boundary between the chamber and the throat parts in this case is shifted into the air cavity of the chamber part from the surface of its wall (removed from it in the direction lenii center of gravity of the air cavity chamber portion formed Helmholtz acoustic resonator). For this reason, the degree of dynamic excitation of the amplitude values of the natural acoustic modes of the air volume of the cavity of the chamber part of the formed Helmholtz acoustic resonator R is reduced. This is due to the fact that the maximum amplitude values of the sound pressures of the natural acoustic modes that form in dynamically excited closed air cavities are localized directly at the surfaces their solid bounding walls and decrease as they move toward the central zone (center of gravity) specified air cavities. In this case, intense dynamic excitation of the intrinsic acoustic modes of the air cavities of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator chambers R contributes to the additional generation and subsequent radiation into the open space through their open throat parts of the corresponding spurious sounds. For an example of the air cavity of the chamber part, which communicates with the open throat part, presented in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (typical “classic” design shown in Fig. 3), this can accordingly impair its acoustic (noise-damping) quality. For this reason, a deliberate displacement (removal) of the source of dynamic excitation of the air cavity of the chamber part, represented by the inner end section of the oscillating air mass, concentrated in the cavity of the inner tube extension of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, directly from the surface of the solid bounding wall of the air chamber of the chamber part , as it is implemented in the inventive structural and technological versions of Helm acoustic resonators char R, based on the use of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers, contributes to a corresponding weakening (exclusion) of the process of generating additional “spurious” dynamic excitation of the air cavity of the chamber part, which prevents unwanted emissions of the noted “spurious” sound emissions from lower intrinsic acoustic modes into the surrounding space . Thereby, the acoustic qualities of the modified technical devices for damping acoustic energy (low-frequency electric transformer hum) are improved.

The following digital and letter symbols are introduced on the graphic images given in the materials of the application for the invention:

1 - power electric transformer;

2 - the active part of the power transformer 1;

3 - magnetic circuit of the power transformer 1;

4 - insulated windings of a power electric transformer 1;

5 - a supporting frame of a power electric transformer 1;

6 - the foundation base of the power transformer 1;

7 - device attenuation of acoustic radiation of the active part 2 of the power transformer 1;

8 - the air cavity of the room (building) of the transformer substation closed type 11;

9 - floor premises (buildings) of the transformer substation closed type 11;

10 - wall and ceiling ceilings (roof) of the room (building) of the transformer substation closed type 11;

11 - a room (building) of an electric transformer substation of a closed type;

12 - doorway of the premises (building) of the transformer substation closed type 11;

13 - the front door of the room (building) of the transformer substation closed type 11;

14 - open ventilation ducts (openings) for cooling the active part 2 of a power transformer 1 of a room (building) of a closed type electrical transformer substation 11 (hereinafter referred to as open ventilation ducts (openings) 14);

15 - Helmholtz acoustic resonators (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ - 15);

16 - recycled bottle containers of PET containers;

17 - open neck parts of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16;

18 - chamber parts of disposed bottle containers of PET containers 16;

19 is an inner tubular extension of the open neck portion 17 of a disposable bottle container of PET packaging 16 (hereinafter, the inner tubular extension 19);

20 - single isolated acoustic modules, as part of the used family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by single isolated recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as single isolated acoustic modules 20);

21 - grouped interlocked acoustic modules, as part of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter - grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21);

22 is an external end section of the open neck portion 17 of the disposable bottle container of the PET container 16;

23 - perforation holes made in the wall of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17 of the utilized bottle container of the PET container 16;

24 - perforation holes made in the wall of the open neck portion 17 of the utilized bottle container of the PET container 16;

25 - porous air-blown plug installed in the cavity of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17 of the utilized bottle container of the PET container 16 (hereinafter, the porous air-blown plug 25);

26 - throat layout matrix mounted disposable bottle containers PET containers 16 (hereinafter - the throat layout matrix 26);

27 - mounting holes of the throat assembly matrix 26 of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as mounting holes 27);

28 - external facing sound-transparent surface layer of the throat layout matrix 26;

29 - inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer of the throat layout matrix 26;

30 - mounting and fastening elements of a mechanical and / or adhesive type;

31 - sealing and soundproofing elements of the doorway 12 and / or entrance door 13, and / or open ventilation channels (openings) 14 of the room (building) of the transformer substation of closed type 11 (hereinafter referred to as soundproofing and soundproofing elements 31);

32 - volume expansion chamber contained in the open ventilation channel (opening) of the once-through type 14 cooling of the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 of the room (building) of the transformer substation of closed type 11 (hereinafter - volume expansion chamber 32);

33 - silencer of noise ("electric transformer hum") produced by the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 mounted in the cavity of the volumetric expansion chamber 32 of the open ventilation channel (opening) of the direct-flow type 14 for cooling the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 and / or on the entrance door 13 of the room (buildings) of a transformer substation of closed type 11, represented by single 20 and / or grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, composed of used acoustic families Helmholtz resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as noise muffler 33);

34 is a threaded fastening nut formed from a standard threaded plug overlapping the open neck portion 17 of a disposable bottle container of a PET container 16 with a bottom removed (hereinafter referred to as a threaded fastening nut 34);

35 - the outer portion of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17 of the disposable bottle container of the PET container 16 (hereinafter, the outer portion 35 of the inner tubular extension 19);

36 - the inner portion of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17 of the utilized bottle container of the PET packaging 16 (hereinafter, the inner portion 36 of the inner tubular extension 19);

37 - inlet pipe of an open ventilation channel (opening) of direct-flow type 14 for cooling the active part 2 of a power transformer 1 of a room (building) of a transformer substation of closed type 11 (hereinafter - inlet pipe 37);

38 - a discharge pipe of an open ventilation channel (opening) of a once-through type of cooling 14 of the active part 2 of a power electric transformer 1 of a room (building) of a closed type electric transformer substation 11 (hereinafter - a discharge pipe 38);

39 - supporting profiled sheet and / or core base of the mounting arrangement of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as the supporting profiled sheet or core base of the mounting assembly 39);

40 - a thin air-blown sound-transparent fabric layer overlapping the bore of the outer portion 35 of the inner tubular extension 19 (hereinafter, a thin air-blown sound-transparent fabric layer 40);

41 - an air-blown sound-transparent microperforated film layer overlapping the bore of the outer portion 35 of the inner tubular extension 19 (hereinafter, a thin air-blown sound-transparent micro-perforated film layer 41);

42 - an air-blown sound-transparent layer of non-woven fabric overlapping the bore of the outer portion 35 of the inner tubular extension 19 (hereinafter, a thin air-blown sound-transparent layer of non-woven fabric 42);

43 - perforation holes made in the wall of the throat layout matrix 26, mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter - the perforation holes of the wall of the throat layout matrix 43);

44 - mounting panel for installing single, isolated 20 or grouped blocked 21 acoustic modules, as part of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by several recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16 (hereinafter referred to as mounting panel 44) ;

45 - supporting thin-walled door panel of the entrance door 13 of the room (building) of the transformer substation of closed type 11 (hereinafter referred to as the supporting thin-walled door panel 45);

h _Г - geometric length of the throat part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m (h _Г = h _Г1 + h _Г2 );

h _G1 is the geometric length of the inner section of the inner tubular extension of the neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m;

h _Г2 is the geometric length of the outer section of the inner tubular extension of the neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m;

V _PT - the air volume of the cavity of the capacitive PET containers, m ³ ;

V _K is the air volume of the cavity of the chamber part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m ³ (V _K = V _PT + V _G1 );

V _G - air volume of the throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m ³ (V _G = V _G1 + V _G2 );

V _G1 - a fragment of the air volume displaced from the air volume of the chamber part V _{K by the} inner portion of the inner tubular extension of the neck portion of length h _G1 , including the volume of the air and structural component (wall material of the inner portion of the inner tubular extension of the neck portion of length h _G1 ), m ³ ;

V _Г2 - a fragment of the air volume bounded by the outer portion of the inner tubular extension of the neck of a length h _Г2 , m ³ ;

d _G is the diameter of the circular bore of the inner tubular extension of the neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m;

l _R is the dynamic length of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, m;

k _PTU - perforation coefficient of the wall of the inner tubular extension of the open neck;

k _pm is the perforation coefficient of the wall of the throat assembly matrix;

α _n - normal sound absorption coefficient, conv. units;

α _r - reverberation coefficient of sound absorption, conv. units;

And - the area of equivalent sound absorption, m ² ;

R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ - Helmholtz acoustic resonators;

F _g - the passage area of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator (the area of the passage of the inner tube extension of the open neck), m ² ;

H - overall height of the chamber of capacitive PET containers (PET bottles), m;

k _p - conductivity of the throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m;

s is the speed of sound, m / s;

t ° C - air temperature, ° C;

π = 3.14;

f _R is the natural (resonant) frequency of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, Hz;

f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 - the values of the natural (resonant) frequencies of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ , Hz;

f _c is the industrial frequency of the alternating current network to which the power electric transformer is connected, Hz;

ϕ - phase of sound vibrations, degrees;

λ is the sound wavelength, m;

T is the period of oscillation, s;

m _g is the mass of air concentrated in the open throat part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (including, among other things, dynamic elongation m _g , with the formation of the dynamic length of the open throat part l _R due to the air masses attached to m _g located on both sides of the open throat cut);

m _to is the mass of air concentrated in the chamber part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (when using an internal tubular extension placed in the cavity of the chamber part, its volume V _Г1 is subtracted from the volume of the chamber part V _K ).

The technical terms used in the text of the description of the application for the invention are given below.

Sound absorption is the physical process of an irreversible dissipative transition of vibrational mechanical (wave) energy propagated in the elastic medium of a sound wave into thermal energy. It is estimated in arbitrary units by the sound absorption coefficient (normal - α _n and reverberation - α _r ) and / or the equivalent sound absorption area (A in m ² ).

Soundproofing. The term “sound insulation” is used to denote three technical (physical) characteristics and refers directly to the acoustic (noise-reducing) structure itself, to the complex physical process of absorption and reflection of sound waves by the acoustic structure, and to the quantitative assessment of the change (attenuation) in the transmission of acoustic radiation (numerical change of parameters) physical process of energy transfer of acoustic radiation) introduced by the used acoustic structure. It is a measure of sound insulation by a screen partition, wall or panel, expressed in dB.

Sound transparency - a physical property of structures, individual structural elements (plates, shells, films) to transmit a sound wave without significantly attenuating its energy (without significant reflection in the direction opposite to the propagation from the radiation source). Quantitatively, opacity is characterized by the transmission coefficient of sound. A structure is considered to be translucent if the attenuation of the transmission of sound energy introduced by it does not exceed 10%.

Perforated hole (perforation holes) - one or more through holes of a given (usually identical) geometric shape and overall dimensions (passage area) located relative to each other and / or relative to another closely spaced structural element of the part (assembly) at a given distance. Perforation - from the Latin perforate - punch, puncture - the technological process of making through holes of a given size, located accordingly in the wall structure of the manufactured part (assembly).

Perforation coefficient is the ratio of the total area of perforation holes to the total area of the front surface of the wall (part structure) that has been subjected to the perforation procedure (until it is perforated).

Sound diffraction is a physical property characterizing the deviation of the behavior of sound propagation from the laws of geometric acoustics, due to the wave nature of sound propagation, in particular, causing the phenomenon of bending of propagated sound waves into the region of the sound shadow behind an enveloped sound reflecting obstacle that is larger than the length of the propagated sound wave .

The equivalent sound absorption area is the estimated technical parameter of the sound-absorbing properties of flat-sheet samples of materials or full-scale non-planar volumetric sound-absorbing parts, determined under the influence of a diffuse sound field on them, which is compared with the corresponding equivalent area of an abstract flat sound-absorbing surface with 100% sound energy absorption. Reverberation coefficient of sound absorption α _r = 1,0 srvc. units quantitatively estimated in m ^{2 the} area of a flat-sheet sample having 100% absorption of sound energy.

Other features and advantages of the claimed invention will become apparent from the drawings and the following detailed description of the device, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a closed type electrical transformer substation made in the form of a closed (isolated) autonomous building structure (building) containing a power electric transformer 1 located in the air cavity 8 of the room (building) 11 formed by the enclosing panels of wall and ceiling ceilings (roofs) 10 , doorway 12 with mounted front door 13, open ventilation ducts (openings) 14 for cooling the active part of the power transformer 1;

- in FIG. 2 shows a general view of a closed type electrical transformer substation made in the form of a closed (isolated) autonomous building structure (building) containing a power electric transformer 1, located in the air cavity 8 of the room (building) 11, which is built into the general building structure of the building of the production workshop, formed enclosing panels of wall and ceiling ceilings (roofs) 10, doorway 12 with mounted entrance door 13, open ventilation ducts (openings) 14 for cooling I am the active part of the power transformer

- in FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a Helmholtz acoustic resonator of a classical type, characterized by air volumes of the throat V _G and chamber V _K parts with air masses m _g and m _k concentrated in them, respectively, and an intrinsic (resonant) frequency f _R determined according to the given ratios of geometric and physical parameters.

- in FIG. 4a shows the geometric parameters of the constituent elements of a noise suppressor 33, made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by the utilized bottle capacity of PET containers 16, containing the chamber portion 18 with an air volume V _K (air mass concentrated in its volume m _k ) and the open neck portion 17 with an air volume V _G (air mass m _g concentrated in its volume) , with an indefinite pronounced boundary separation of the open throat 17 and chamber 18 parts, containing two cylindrical and two conical sections, including a mounted internal tubular extension 19 with a diameter of the passage section d _G and a geometric length h _G , consisting d from the outer portion 35 of geometric length h _G2 and the inner portion 36 of geometric length h _G1 ;

- in FIG. 4b presents the geometric parameters of the constituent elements of a noise muffler 33, made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by the utilized bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing the chamber portion 18 with an air volume V _K and the open neck portion 17 with an air volume V _G characterized by pronounced boundary separation, including a mounted inner tube extension 19 with a bore diameter d _G and a geometric length h _G , consisting of an outer section 35 of length h _G and an inner section 36 of length h _G1 ;

- in FIG. 5a, a simplified schematic physical model of an oscillatory acoustic system represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator R 15 formed by a utilized bottle capacity of a PET container 16 is presented, comprising a chamber portion 18 with a concentrated air mass m _K , an open neck portion 17 with geometric h _Г and dynamic l _R lengths, air volume V _T with concentrated therein air mass m _T having an external end section 22 and mounted therein an internal tubular extension 19, in embodiments without the use of and using additional diseipativnyh elements in its composition (porous vozduhoproduvaemoy tube 25 placed in the cavity and perforation holes 23 formed in the wall, and also contain vozduhoproduvaemye material layers 40, 41, 42 overlapping the communicating section outer portion 35, the inner tubular extension 19);

- in FIG. 56 is a diagram of a silencer 33 made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by a disposable bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing a chamber portion 18, an open neck portion 17 having an outer end section 22 of an inner tubular extension 19 mounted in the chamber portion 18, consisting of an outer 35 and an inner 36 portions, in which perforation holes are made 23, having predetermined overall dimensions (length, diameter, orifice), the natural (resonant) oscillation frequency f _{R of} which is two, OR four, or six times the frequency of the AC mains f _c , k to the power transformer 1 is connected;

- in FIG. 5c is a diagram of a silencer 33 made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by a utilized bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing a chamber portion 18, an open neck portion 17 having an outer end section 22 of an inner tubular extension 19 mounted in the chamber portion 18, consisting of an outer 35 and an inner 36 sections, in the cavity of which a porous air-blown plug 25 having predetermined overall dimensions (length, diameter, orifice), the intrinsic (resonant) oscillation frequency f _{R of} which is two, OR four, OR six times the frequency of the AC network the current f _c to which the power transformer 1 is connected;

- in FIG. 5g is a diagram of a silencer 33, made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by a disposable bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing a chamber portion 18, an open neck portion 17 having an outer end section 22 of an inner tubular extension 19 mounted in the chamber portion 18, consisting of an outer 35 and an inner 36 sections, in the wall of which perforations are made 23, and a porous air-blown plug 25 is installed in its cavity, having predetermined overall dimensions (length, diameter, orifice), the intrinsic (resonant) oscillation frequency f _{R of} which is two, OR even Or, OR is six times higher than the frequency of the AC network f _c , to which the power transformer 1 is connected;

- in FIG. 5e presents a diagram of a silencer 33, made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by a disposable bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing a chamber portion 18, an open neck portion 17 having an outer end section 22 of an inner tubular extension 19 mounted in the chamber portion 18, consisting of an outer 35 and an inner 36 sections, having predetermined overall dimensions (length , diameter, opening area), a private (resonance) vibration frequency f _R which - in two or four or six times the frequency of the AC f _c, which is connected to an electricity power 1, etc. This outer orifice portion 35 of the external terminal 22 cut the inner tubular extension 19, closed by a thin sound transmission vozduhoproduvaemym fabric layer 40 or vozduhoproduvaemym sound transmission microperforated film layer 41, or vozduhoproduvaemym sound transmission layer 42 of the nonwoven web;

- in FIG. 5e is a diagram of a silencer 33 made in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by a disposable bottle container of PET packaging 16 containing a chamber portion 18, an open neck portion 17 having an outer end section 22 mounted in the chamber portion 18 of an inner tubular extension 19 fixed using a threaded fastening nut 34, consisting of an outer 35 and an inner 36 sections having predetermined overall dimensions (length, diameter, orifice), the intrinsic (resonant) oscillation frequency f _{R of} which is two, OR four, or six times the frequency of the AC network oka f _c , to which the power transformer 1 is connected;

- in FIG. 6 is a diagram of the constituent elements of an entrance door 13 of a room (building) of an electrotransformer substation of closed type 11 (outside view of a room (building) 11 with an open entrance door 13) mounted in a doorway 12 containing soundproofing elements 31 located around the perimeter of the door leaf ( thin-walled door panel 45), Helmholtz acoustic resonators (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) pos. 15 formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, wherein their open neck portions 17 are mounted in mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 of an integrally formed type covering the outer surfaces of the walls of the open neck parts 17 and partially covering surfaces the walls of the chamber parts 18, recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16;

- in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional diagram of an open ventilation channel (opening) 14 containing a volumetric expansion chamber 32 of rectangular cross-section, in the cavity of which grouped blocked acoustic modules 21 are mounted, as part of a family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16, with internal tubular extensions 19 mounted therein, whose natural (resonant) vibration frequencies f _R are two, four and six times the frequency of the type of alternating current f _c to which the power transformer 1 is connected, while the open neck parts 17 of the disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 of an integrally formed type covering the outer surfaces of the walls open neck parts 17 and partially the walls of the chamber parts 18 of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16;

- in FIG. 8 is a diagram of an open ventilation duct (opening) 14 containing a volumetric expansion chamber 32 of an octagonal cross section in the cavity of which grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 are mounted, as part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16, with internal tubular extensions 19 mounted in them, the natural (resonant) vibration frequencies f _{R of} which are two, four and six times higher than the network frequency alternating current f _c , to which the power transformer 1 is connected, while the open neck parts 17 of the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 of the plane-sheet type, covering the outer surface of the walls of the open neck parts 17 of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16;

- in FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional diagram of an open ventilation channel (opening) 14 containing a volumetric expansion chamber 32 of circular cross section, in the cavity of which grouped blocked acoustic modules 21 are mounted, as part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed bottle-recyclable containers PET containers 16 mounted therein with the internal tubular extensions 19, its own (resonant) frequency of oscillation f _R which - at two, four and six times the mains frequency per alternating current f _c, to which is connected a power electricity transformer 1, wherein the open throat portion 17 of recyclable bottle containers PET containers 16 are mounted in the mounting holes 27 throat layout matrix 26 comprising an inner footer covering the external surfaces of the open walls of sound-absorbing surface layer 29 ploskolistovogo type neck parts 17 of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16;

- in FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional diagram of an open ventilation channel (opening) 14 containing a volumetric expansion chamber 32 of circular cross-section, in the cavity of which grouped blocked acoustic modules 21 are mounted, as part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16, with internal tubular extensions 19 mounted therein, whose natural (resonant) vibration frequencies f _R are two, four and six times higher than the network frequency per a variable current f _c , to which a power electric transformer 1 is connected, while the open neck parts 17 of the disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 of an integrally formed type, covering the outer surface of the walls of the open neck parts 17 and partially chamber parts 18 of disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16;

- in FIG. 11 is a diagram of a fragmentary sectional section of an open ventilation duct (opening) 14 one of the sides of which is formed by a wall ceiling 10 of a room (building) of a closed type electrical transformer substation 11 containing grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 composed of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16, open throats parts 17 of which are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the throat assembly matrix 26 containing an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer romanovogo type 29, covering the outer surface of the walls of the open neck parts 17 and partially the walls of the chamber parts 18, while the axis of the inner tube extenders 19 of the open neck parts 17 are directed perpendicular to the axis of the open ventilation channel (opening) direct-flow type 14;

- in FIG. 12 is a diagram of a fragmentary sectional section of an open ventilation duct (opening) 14 one of the sides of which contains a mounting panel 44 that mates with a wall ceiling 10 of a room (building) of a closed type electrical transformer substation 11 containing grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 composed of recyclable bottle containers PET containers 16, open neck portions 17 of which are installed in mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing internal lining sound an absorbing surface layer of the whole-molded type 29, covering the outer surfaces of the walls of the open neck parts 17 and partially the walls of the chamber parts 18, while the axes of the inner tubular extensions 19 of the open neck parts 17 are directed perpendicular to the axis of the open-air duct (opening) of the direct-flow type 14;

- in FIG. 13 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of the mounting panel 44, on which, through mounting and fastening elements of the adhesive type 30, a grouped interlocked acoustic module 21 is mounted as part of the used family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by mating connected with mounting and fastening elements of adhesive type 30, sixteen disposable PET bottle containers of 16 identical geometric shapes, overall dimensions and volumes amer 18 and open neck portions 17;

- in FIG. 14 is a diagram of the structural-technological design of the mounting panel 44, on which, through the mounting and fixing elements of the adhesive type 30, individual isolated acoustic modules 20 are mounted as part of the used family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by the corresponding connected between themselves mounting and fastening elements of adhesive type 30, sixteen disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 of different geometric shapes, sizes and chamber volumes 18 and open neck parts 17;

- in FIG. 15 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of a profiled sheet and rod support base 39 of the mounting arrangement mounted on the mounting panel 44, comprising Helmholtz acoustic resonators (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) fixed by means of mounting and fastening elements of a mechanical (box) type 30 formed by nine recycled PET bottle containers of 16 identical overall and geometric dimensions;

- in FIG. 16 shows a diagram of the installation of grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, as part of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by disposable PET bottle containers 16 mounted by means of mounting and fixing elements of adhesive type 30 on the surface of the mounting panels 44, while the open neck portions 17 of the disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 containing the supporting plate structure py punched perforations 43 and the inner surface are lined sound absorbing layer 29 tselnoformovannogo type covering the outer wall surface of the open neck portion 17 and partially the surface of the chamber wall portions 18;

- in FIG. 17 shows a diagram of the installation of grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, as part of the used family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, mounted by means of mounting and fixing elements of adhesive type 30 on the surface of the mounting panels 44 and / or on the surface of the supporting thin-walled door panel 45, while the open neck portions 17 of the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck component ovochnoy matrix 26 comprising a carrier sheet structure, perforated perforations 43 and the inner surface are lined sound absorbing layer 29 ploskolistovogo type covering the outer wall surface of the open neck portion 17;

- in FIG. 18 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of the supporting profiled sheet base of the mounting arrangement 39 in the executed undercuts of which Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) are placed, formed by utilized PET bottle containers of 16 identical geometric shapes, dimensions and volumes chamber 18 and open throat parts 17, while their open throat parts 17 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the throat assembly matrix 26 containing perforation holes 43;

- in FIG. 19 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of a profiled sheet and rod support base 39 of the mounting arrangement mounted on the mounting panel 44, comprising Helmholtz acoustic resonators (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) 15 secured by means of mounting and fastening elements of a mechanical (box) type 30 formed by nine recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16 of identical overall geometric dimensions, with their open neck portions 17 installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck component a wafer matrix 26 containing perforation holes 43;

- in FIG. 20 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of the mounting panel 44, on which single isolated acoustic modules 20 are mounted, as part of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by nine recyclable bottle containers of PET containers 16 identical geometric forms, overall dimensions and volumes of chamber 18 and open neck parts 17, while their open neck parts 17 are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 made of When porous sound-absorbing material is left, the space between the wall surface of the mounting panel 44 and the wall surface of the neck assembly matrix 26 comprises two separated internal sound-absorbing layers 29;

- in FIG. 21 is a diagram of the structural and technological design of the individual constituent elements of a fragmented portion of an open ventilation channel (opening) 14, one of whose sides is mated to a wall ceiling 10 of a room (building) of a closed type electrical transformer substation 11, comprising a supply 37 and a discharge pipe 38, a noise muffler 33 formed by mounted on the inner surfaces of its opposite side walls, grouped blocked acoustic modules 21, composed of using helmholtz acoustic resonator families 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, while the axes of the inner tube extenders 19 (not shown in the diagram) of the open neck portions of 17 recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16 directed perpendicular to the axis of the open ventilation duct (opening) of the direct-flow type 14 (mounting panels 44 forming the walls of the ventilation duct (opening) 14 are not shown);

- in FIG. 22 is a diagram of the structural and technological execution of the individual constituent elements of a fragmented portion of an open ventilation channel (opening) 14, with a noise muffler 33 connected to its cavity, formed in the form of grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 mounted on the inner surfaces of the side walls, composed of the used families of acoustic resonators Helmholtz 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, while extending the inner tubular axis lei 19 (not shown in the diagram) of the open neck parts 17 of the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16 are directed perpendicular to the axis of the open ventilation duct (opening) of the direct-flow type 14 (mounting panels 44 forming the walls of the ventilation channel (opening) 14 are not shown);

- in FIG. 23 is a diagram of a single-wall, made of a flat lamellar perforated structure, neck layout matrix 26 of mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, in the structure of which mounting holes 27 and perforations of the wall 43 are made;

- in FIG. 24 is a diagram of a double-walled, made of separate flat perforated lamellar structures, a throat assembly matrix 26 of mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, mounting holes 27 and perforations of the wall 43 are coaxially made in the structure of each wall;

- in FIG. 25 is a diagram of a closed four-walled box-type throat assembly matrix 26 of mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, in the structure of each of the fragmented sections of the walls of which corresponding mounting holes 27 and perforation holes of the wall 43 are made;

- in FIG. 26 is a diagram of the mating components in the area of the fragmented portion of the throat assembly matrix 26, in the mounting holes 27 of which, using the threaded fastening nut 34, the open neck portion 17 of the utilized PET bottle 16, which forms the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 15, is mounted and mounted her internal tubular extension 19, in the wall of the inner section 36 which contains holes perforations 23;

- in FIG. 27 is a diagram of the mating components in the area of the fragmented portion of the throat assembly matrix 26, in the mounting holes 27 of which are installed internal tubular extensions 19 of various overall dimensions, while a porous air-blown tube 25 is mounted in the cavity of one of them;

- in FIG. 28 is a diagram of the mating components in the area of the fragmented section of the single-wall structure of the neck assembly matrix 26, in the mounting holes 27 of which open throat parts 17 and inner tube extensions 19 of three recyclable PET bottle containers 16 of identical geometric shape are installed and fixed using threaded fastening nuts 34 forms, overall dimensions and cavity volumes, forming a single isolated acoustic modules 20, as part of the used family of acoustic reasons Helmholtz Hur 15 (R _1, R _2, R _3), with mounted therein respective internal tubular extensions 19 differing dimensions;

- in FIG. 29 is a diagram of the mating components in the area of the fragmented portion of the double-walled structure of the throat assembly matrix 26, between which separate perforated lamellar wall structures of which an internal lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 is installed, and in its mounting holes 27, using the threaded fastening nut 34, open throat parts are mounted 17 and internal tubular extensions 19 of three recycled PET bottle containers 16 identical geometric shapes, overall dimensions sizes and cavity volumes, forming a single isolated acoustic modules 20, as part of the used family of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), with 19 tubular extenders mounted in them of different overall dimensions;

- in FIG. 30 is a diagram of the mating components in the area of the fragmented portion of the double-walled structure of the throat assembly matrix 26, on the inner surfaces of the walls of which are installed internal lining sound-absorbing surface layers 29 (flat-sheeted between the walls and seamlessly formed on the rear surface of the inner wall), in its mounting holes 27 are installed open neck parts 17 and inner tubular extensions 19 of three utilizable PET bottle containers 16 of identical geometric shapes, gab aritic sizes and cavity volumes forming grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, as part of the used Helmholtz acoustic resonator family 15 (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), with 19 tubular extension cords mounted in them of differing overall dimensions;

- in FIG. 31 is a diagram of the mating constituent elements in the area of the fragmented portion of the single-wall structure of the throat assembly matrix 26, on the inner surface of which there is an integral molded inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29, mating with the side surfaces of the walls of the open neck parts 17 and partially with the dome-shaped surfaces of the walls of the chamber parts 18, open throat parts 17 of three recyclable bottle containers are installed in the mounting holes 27 of the throat assembly matrix 26 awns PET containers 16 identical geometric shapes, dimensions and the cavity volume generators grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, in the composition of their family Helmholtz resonator 15 (R _1, R _2, R ₃₎ with the internal tubular extensions mounted therein 19, characterized overall dimensions.

The claimed technical device of a low-noise transformer substation of closed type, comprises a power transformer 1 (Fig. 1, 2), consisting of an active part 2 in the form of a magnetic circuit 3 and insulated windings 4, covered by a common magnetic flux, a supporting frame 5 and the base 6 , devices for attenuation of acoustic radiation 7 of the active part 2. These component nodal elements are mounted in the air cavity 8 of the room (building) of the closed transformer substation 11, arr caused by the floor 9, the enclosing panels of wall and ceiling ceilings (roofs) 10, the doorway 12 with the mounted entrance door 13, open ventilation ducts (openings) 14 for cooling the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 (Fig. 1, 2). The acoustic radiation attenuation devices 7 of the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 are represented by noise suppressors 33, composed of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 with chamber 18 and open neck parts 17, with internal tube extensions 19 of open neck parts 17 containing external 35 and internal 36 sections made of specified overall dimensions (length, diameter, area) mounted therein passage section, Fig. 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5g, 5d, 5e). In this case, the natural (resonant) vibration frequencies f _{R of the} used Helmholtz resonators R (pos. 15) are two, four, or six times the industrial frequency of the AC network f _c to which the power transformer is connected 1. Frequency resonance settings (f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 ) of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15, correspond to the values of the working functional frequencies of the acoustic radiation of the active part of the power transformer 1 - f ₁ = 2f _c , f ₂ = 4f _c , f ₃ = 6f _c . Frequency resonance settings (f _R1 , f _R2 , f _R3 ) of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15 are determined by the corresponding execution of their composite structural elements formed by convertible (modifiable) disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 — the air volume of the cavity of the chamber portion 18 (V _k ), geometric length h _g and passage area F _g (diameter of the circular passage section - d _d ) the open neck portion 17 formed by the used internal tubular extensions 19, made of the set overall dimensions and mounted in the open neck parts 17 of the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16, calculated taking into account the air temperature t ° C, which is installed in the air cavity of the room (building) 11 of the closed transformer substation according to expression (1):

where t ° C is the air temperature established in the air cavity of the room (building) 11 of the electrical transformer substation, ° C;

f _R is the value of the natural (resonant) frequency in Hz of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), pos. 15, which coincides with one of the working functional frequencies of the acoustic radiation of the power transformer 1 (f ₁ = 2f _c , f ₂ = 4f _c , f ₃ = 6f _c ), a multiple of the industrial frequency of the AC network f _c ;

π = 3.14

F _g - the cross-sectional area in m ² used internal tubular extension 19 mounted in the open neck part 17 of the utilized bottle container PET containers 16;

where d _g is the diameter of the circular bore of the open neck portion 17 of the used inner tubular extension 19, m;

V _k - the volume of the chamber part 18 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15), corresponding to (identical) to the air volume of the chamber part 18 of the utilized bottle capacity of PET containers 16 with subtraction of the volume occupied in the chamber part 18 by the end portion of the inner tubular extension 19, m ³ ;

k _p - conductivity of the open neck part 17 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15), m;

where l _R is the dynamic length of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, m

where h _g is the geometric (overall) length of the open neck portion 17 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15), m.

Used acoustic attenuation devices 7 of the active part of the power transformer 1, represented by noise suppressors 33, are mounted, in particular, on the supporting thin-walled door panel 45 of the entrance door 13 of the room (building) of the closed transformer substation 11 (Fig. 1, 2, 6). They are also installed in the cavities of open ventilation channels (openings) of a direct-flow type 14 (Fig. 7 ... 12, 21, 22). Noise suppressors 33 can be made in the form of corresponding individual isolated acoustic modules 20 and / or in the form of grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21, composed of recyclable and additionally converted (modified) bottle containers of PET containers 16. In open neck sections 17 of utilizable and additionally converted (modified) bottle containers of PET containers 16 mounted the corresponding design of the internal tubular extensions 19 (Fig. 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 5B, 5G, 5D, 5E). At the same time, the outer sections of the end sections 22 of the inner tubular extensions 19 of the open neck parts 17 of the converted (modified) utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16 mounted on the front door 13 of the room (building) 11 of the closed transformer substation are directed with their open parts 17 into the air zone cavity 8 of the room (building) localization of the active part of the power transformer 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 6). Utilized converted (modified) bottle containers of PET containers 16 installed in the cavities of open ventilation channels (openings) 14 are directed by the axes of the external end sections 22 of the internal tubular extensions 19 of the open neck parts 17 perpendicular to the axis of the open ventilation channel (opening) 14 of the room (building) closed transformer substation 11 (Fig. 21, 22).

The supply air supply for cooling the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 of the room (building) of the closed transformer substation 11 is carried out using the supply pipe 37 of the open ventilation duct (opening) of the direct-flow type 14 (Fig. 1, 2, 21). The removal (exhaust) of excess heat (as part of the heated air) from the localization zone of the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 of the room (building) of the transformer substation of closed type 11 into the open space is carried out by the outlet pipe 38 of the open ventilation channel (opening) of the direct-flow type 14 (Fig. 1, 2, 21).

In order to reduce the transmission of noise radiation (low-frequency electric transformer hum) from the room (building) of the closed-type electrical transformer substation 11 to adjacent rooms of the building building or into the open environment through sound-transmitting connections with poor sound-insulating ability of the elements of the doorway 12 and the front door 13, and / or open ventilation ducts (openings) 14, wall and ceiling ceilings (roof) 10 of the room (building) of the electric transformer substation with open type 11, can be used appropriate sealing soundproofing elements 31, providing acoustically effective sealing (acceptable soundproofing) of the mates of these elements (Fig.6).

The open neck portions of 17 disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 can be installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26. Additional structural fixation (fixed fixing), with a given spatial arrangement of the disposed bottle containers of PET containers 16, can be carried out using a profiled sheet carrier or the core of the mounting assembly 39 (FIG. 18).

The wall structure of the throat assembly matrix 26 can be made of a sheet of air-blown perforated metal or of a perforated sheet of dense polymeric material, or of an air-blown porous whole-molded sound-absorbing foamed open-cell material, or of a porous air-blown whole-molded sound-absorbing fibrous composite material of materials (Fig. 7 ... 12, 16 ... 20, 23 ... 31).

In the wall of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17, corresponding perforation holes 23 can be formed (Fig. 5b, 5d, 26). In this case, the perforation coefficient k of the _{PTU of the} wall of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17 is determined according to the expression (5)

where F _G is the area of the bore of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17.

In the cavity of the inner tubular extension 19 of the open neck portion 17, a porous air-blown plug 25 made of the corresponding fibrous or foamed open-cell sound-absorbing material can also be mounted (Figs. 5a, 5c, 5d, 27).

The bore of the outer end portion 35 of the end cut of the inner tubular extension 19 may also be further covered by a thin air-borne sound-transmissive fabric layer 40, or an air-blown sound-transparent microperforated film layer 41, or an air-blown sound-transparent layer of non-woven fabric 42 (Fig. 5e).

The open neck parts 17 of the utilized bottle containers of PET containers 16 installed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 can be fixedly fixed to the wall of the neck assembly matrix 26 with threaded fastening nuts 34 (Fig. 5e, 26, 28 ... 30). Perforation holes 24 may be made in the wall of the open neck portion 17 of the utilized bottle container of the PET container 16. The perforation coefficient of the wall of the neck assembly matrix 26 k _PM is determined from the ratio k _pm ≥ 0.1.

The packaging of recycled bottle containers of PET containers 16 into grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 can be carried out using the appropriate mounting and fastening elements of the mechanical and / or adhesive type 30, connecting each other and / or with other components of the technical device of the contact walls of individual copies of the bottle containers to be recycled PET containers 16.

The threaded fastening nuts 34 used to fix the open neck parts 17 of the disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 fixed in the mounting holes 27 of the neck assembly matrix 26 can preferably be formed from standard threaded plugs to overlap the open neck parts of the 17 bottle containers of recycled PET containers 16 with their bottom parts removed respectively (in whole or in part, with the formation of an internal supporting annular collar), as shown in FIG. 5th, 26, 28 ... 30.

In the mounting holes 27 of the throat assembly matrix 26, the inner tubular extensions 19 of the open neck portions 17 of the disposable bottle containers of the PET container 16 can also be fixedly fixed (with used adhesive substances) (Fig. 27). In this case, the throat assembly matrix 26 can be represented as a one-piece nodal structure combined with internal tubular extensions 19 of the open neck portions 17 of the disposable bottle containers of the PET container 16.

Open ventilation channels (openings) 14 may contain volumetric expansion chambers 32 in the cavities of which are mounted individual isolated acoustic modules 20 and / or grouped interlocked acoustic modules 21 (Fig. 7 ... 12, 21, 22).

The throat assembly matrix 26 of mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16, for the purpose of protecting them from the negative effects of the external environment, may include an external soundproofing surface layer 28 (not shown in FIG.). To provide an additional effect of sound absorption - in the throat layout matrix 26 mounted disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16 can be used an inner lining sound-absorbing surface layer 29 (Fig. 7 ... 12, 16, 17, 29 ... 31).

A description of the operation of a closed-type low-noise electric transformer substation that implements the physical effects of suppressing its acoustic (noise) radiation can be described as follows. The magnetostrictive effect, as the basic initial dominant source of dynamic excitation of mechanical (elastic deformation) vibrations and the resulting subsequent characteristic low-frequency noise radiation produced by the active part 2 (magnetic core 3 and isolated windings 4) of the power transformer 1, is caused by the physical phenomenon of a number of ferromagnetic bodies to elastically deform when changing their magnetic state under the influence of a flowing alternating current with a network frequency f _c . The resulting vibrational deformation component of magnetostriction is manifested mainly at three times harmonics of the frequency of the alternating current network (f _c ) - f ₁ = 2f _c , f ₂ = 4f _c and f ₃ = 6f _c . With the passage of alternating electric current with a frequency f _c (f _c = 50 Hz), the magnetization reversal of the active part 2 (magnetic core 3 and isolated windings 4) of the power transformer 1 in which the induction in it reaches a maximum twice in one period of the frequency of the alternating current network f _c , which corresponds to a twofold temporary change (twofold dynamic deformation) of the length of the steel charge sheets of the magnetic circuit 3. Thus, in particular, periodic elastic deformation vibrations of the act elements are formed of the current part 2 of the power transformer 1, occurring with a double oscillation frequency f ₁ = 2f _c = 100 Hz, relative to the frequency of the AC network f _c = 50 Hz, which, in turn, also contributes to the excitation and generation of frequency harmonics f ₂ = 4f _c and f ₃ = 6f _c . In connection with the physical phenomena described above, the active part 2 of the power transformer 1 is represented by both a direct mechano-acoustic device - an exciter (mechano-acoustic transducer) of generating "spurious" acoustic signals (noise emissions), and a secondary structural source of dynamic (vibrational) excitations and subsequent sound (noise) radiation attached to it of the composite structural elements of the power transformer 1 and other structural elements electric transformer substation. Excited by the working processes of the operation of the power transformer 1, the vibrational vibrations of the surfaces of the solid structures of the elements of the active part 2 of the power transformer 1, the surfaces of the supporting frame 5 and the foundation 6 of the bases enclosing the panels of the wall and ceiling floors 10 of the room (building) 11 of the transformer substation of a closed type form the aggregate resulting a sound field dispersed in a closed cavity of a room (building) 11 of an electric transformer substation beyond rytogo type, which is characterized by the relevant range of sound pressure with allocated in it (dominating) discrete low-frequency components in the first place, in the three working functional frequencies of acoustic radiation of the active part 2 of the power Electric 1 - f ₁ = 2f _c, f ₂ = 4f _c and f ₃ = 6f _c , where f _c is the industrial frequency of the AC network to which the power transformer 1 is connected.

Thus, the resulting spectral composition of the sound field is available, which is formed in the closed air cavity of the room (building) 11 of the closed-type electrical transformer substation, which is characterized by the dominant discrete components of the sound pressure at frequencies f ₁ , f ₂ , f ₃ . It is most appropriate to suppress (attenuate) frequency-tuned noise-suppressing devices such as acoustic resonators and, in particular, Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15), of this type of sound radiation, at the specific values of the discrete frequency components of the noise spectrum. The effect of the suppression of acoustic energy propagated in an elastic medium (air) is based on the implementation of interference compensation effects associated with the addition (resulting summation) of the amplitude values of sound waves (taking into account the given frequencies f and phases ϕ of sound vibrations), which should be performed, according to the submitted application materials, taking into account the influence of operational temperature changes (air temperature t ° C), on the corresponding changes in the values of their phases ϕ and lengths λ sound waves. The term interference of waves means the physical process of adding in an unlimited space or in a limited waveguide two or more waves having the same oscillation periods T, as a result of which in different zones of unlimited space or a limited space of the waveguide, the amplitude value of the resulting wave increases or decreases depending on the ratio of the phases of the oscillations ϕ of the folding (interacting) waves, thus forming uneven spatial distributions edeleniya resultant wave amplitude.

The functioning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15) as technical devices for attenuation (damping) of acoustic energy on individual discrete values of sound frequencies f or in given narrow frequency ranges (Δf) is determined by the corresponding discrete values of their natural (resonant) vibration frequencies f _R and Q-factors (determined by the frequency width of the resonance characteristics - limited by the frequency domain of the decay of the amplitude value by 3 dB relative to the value of the intrinsic resonance the actual frequency of oscillations f _R ) of the indicated Helmholtz acoustic resonators R. The quality factor is equal to the ratio of the intrinsic (resonant) frequency of oscillations f _{R of the} Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15) to the frequency band Δf _R , at the boundaries of which the acoustic energy during forced resonance vibrations half (3 dB) less acoustic energy at the resonant frequency f _R. The quality factor of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15) is determined (formed) by the internal dissipative losses realized in it, which arise both directly in the composite structures (elements) of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15) and arising external energy losses directly related with the process of radiation of sound into the environment, which also uses the vibrational energy of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15). The frequency tuning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15) is based on the resulting wave (wavelength λ, wave phase ϕ) interaction with the resulting effect of interference compensation suppression of the energy of sound waves propagated in an elastic (air) medium of a given frequency range that coincides (close in value) with natural (resonant) frequencies f _{R of} Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15).

An illustrative example of the resonance-frequency tuning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15), formed by the corresponding modification conversions of disposed bottle containers of PET containers 16 (using bottle containers 2.0, 0.6, and 0.3 liters as examples) into resonant-frequency sound-damping technical devices of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (pos. 15) is presented in table 1. As follows from the presented calculated acoustic parameters of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15) formed by the mod cited utilized bottle capacity of PET containers 16 (with the declared liquid volume of 2 liters filled prior to disposal), the air volume of the chamber part 18 of which is 2.07 L and the used internal tubular extension 19, of the corresponding overall dimensions - its natural (resonant) frequency is f _R1 = 100.6 Hz. The obtained value of f _R1 is 22.2 Hz less than the value of the natural (resonant) frequency of the standard (serial) two-liter recyclable bottle container of PET container 16, without an internal tubular extension 19 installed in the open neck part 17. The recycle bottle container with the declared filling liquid 0, 6 liter PET containers 16 with an inner tubular extension 19 installed in the open neck 17 of a predetermined overall dimension of the outer 35 and inner 36 sections of the inner tubular extension 19 enno h _r1 = 24 × 10 ^-3 m and h _T2 = 4 × 10 ^-3 m, forms a Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (poz.15) characterized by conducting part of the throat k _n = 8.7 × 10 ^-3 m, and a private ( resonant) frequency f _R2 = 200.7 Hz. Installation in a similar bottle capacity of 0.3 liter PET containers 16 of an inner tubular extension 19, the geometric lengths of the outer 35 and inner 36 sections of the inner tubular extension 19 of which are respectively h _Г2 = 29 × 10 ^-3 m and h _Г1 = 2 × 10 ^-3 m, implements the technical device of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (pos. 15), characterized by the conductivity of the throat part k _p = 10.5 × 10 ^-3 m and natural (resonant) frequency f _R3 = 300.8 Hz. Thus, the above examples illustrate the feasibility of the applied modification conversions of disposed bottle containers of PET containers 16, as presented above the required frequency-resonance tuning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15, which ensures the correspondence of their natural (resonant) frequencies f _{R to the} required values of the frequency-resonant tuning f _R1 = 100 Hz, f _R2 = 200 Hz - 300 Hz with a difference not exceeding 0.6 ... 0.8 Hz (that in the presence of dissipative losses in the open neck portion 17 and parameter realizable dobrotnos and provides acceptable efficiency of the sample acoustic Helmholtz resonators R, Pos. 15).

The calculations (see the results in Table 1) did not take into account the specific values of the parameters of resistive dissipative losses, which reduce the Q factor and expand the frequency band of the effective functioning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (item 15). These resistive dissipative losses occur (can increase directionally) with the additional introduction of elements pos. 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 40, 41, 42 as part of the design of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 15 formed by disposable bottle containers of PET containers 16. This ensures the effective functioning of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (item 15) in the expanded frequency the range Δf with a possible change in the operating temperature of the air in the air cavity of the room 8 of the transformer substation of closed type 11 and the associated significant change in the speed of sound with and length λ of the propagated sound waves.

The analysis of known technical solutions in the art indicates that the claimed technical solution has features that are not found in the known technical solutions, and their use in the claimed combination of features makes it possible to obtain a new technical result, therefore, the proposed technical solution has an inventive level compared to the existing one. prior art.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, as it can be manufactured industrially, efficiently, feasibly and reproducibly, therefore, it meets the condition of patentability by the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The claimed technical solution is not limited to specific structural examples of its implementation, described in the text and shown in the attached diagrams. Some (minor) changes of various elements or structural materials from which these elements are made, or their replacement with technically equivalent ones that do not fall outside the scope of the claims indicated by the claims, remain possible.

Claims (29)

1. A low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation containing a power electric transformer, consisting of an active part in the form of a magnetic circuit and isolated windings covered by a common magnetic flux, a supporting frame and a foundation base, acoustic radiation attenuation devices for the active part mounted in the air cavity of a room (building), formed by the floor, the enclosing panels of wall and ceiling ceilings (roofs), a doorway with a mounted entrance door and open ventilation cooling channels (openings) of the active part of the power transformer, characterized in that the acoustic radiation attenuation devices of the active part of the power transformer are represented by noise suppressors in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ) formed by recyclable PET bottle containers with open neck parts, with internal tubular extensions of open neck parts mounted in them, made of specified overall dimensions (length, diameter, area of passage th section) own (resonance) vibration frequency f _R which - two, or four, or six times the mains frequency alternating current f _c, to which is connected a power electricity transformer, effective frequency resonant tuning of the acoustic Helmholtz resonators R (R ₁ , R _2, R ₃₎ coincide with the values of working frequency of functional active acoustic radiation of a power Electric f ₁ = 2f _c, f ₂ = 4f _c, f ₃ = 6f _c, defined by an appropriate choice of structural components of composite acoustic resonators Ge mgoltsa R (R _1, R _2, R _3), formed recyclable bottle-containers PET containers - the cavity volume chamber portion V _k, the geometrical length h _i and flow area F _{g of} the open neck portion formed employed internal tubular extensions made given overall dimensions and mounted in open throat parts of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers used taking into account the operational temperature of the air t ° C, which is installed in the air cavity of the room (building) of an electric transformer under Dancing according to the expression:

where f _R is the value of the natural (resonance) frequency in Hz of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ), which coincides with one of the working functional frequencies of the acoustic radiation of the power electric transformer (f ₁ = 2f _c , f ₂ = 4f _c , f ₃ = 6f _c ), a multiple of the frequency of the AC network f _c ; t ° C is the operational air temperature established in the air cavity of the room (building) of the electrical transformer substation, ° C; π = 3.14 F _g - the cross-sectional area in m ^{2 of the} open neck of the used internal tubular extension, mounted in the open neck of the utilized bottle container of PET containers;

where d _g is the diameter of the circular bore of the open neck of the used inner tubular extension, m; V _k is the volume of the chamber part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, corresponding to (identical) to the air volume of the chamber part of the utilized bottle capacity of PET containers with the subtraction of the volume occupied in the chamber part by the end portion of the internal tubular extension, m ³ ; k _p - conductivity of the open throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, m;

Where

- the dynamic length of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, m

where h _g is the geometric (overall) length of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator R, m 2. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 1, characterized in that the acoustic radiation attenuation devices of the active part of the power electrical transformer represented by noise suppressors are mounted on the front door of the closed-type electrical transformer substation (s) and / or are installed in the cavities of open ventilation ducts (openings) of direct-flow type cooling of the active part of the power transformer of the room (building) of the transformer substation closed type and, at the same time, they are made in the form of corresponding individual isolated acoustic modules, and / or are made in the form of grouped interlocked acoustic modules made up of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers, and the outer sections of the end sections of the inner tubular extenders of the open neck parts of the bottle bottles of PET-utilized containers mounted on the front door of a room (building) of a closed type electric transformer substation are directed with their open parts into the airspace zone localization (buildings) of the active part of the power transformer, and / or recyclable bottle containers of PET containers installed in the cavities of open ventilation ducts (openings) of the direct-flow cooling type of the active part of the power transformer of a room (building) of a transformer substation of a closed type, are directed by the axes of the external end sections internal tubular extenders of the open neck parts perpendicular to the axis of the open ventilation duct (opening) of the direct-flow type. 3. The low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to claim 2, characterized in that the open neck parts of the disposable PET bottle containers are installed in the mounting holes of the neck assembly matrix. 4. The low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall structure of the throat assembly matrix is made of a sheet of air-blown perforated metal or of a dense polymer structure of the material, or made of an air-blown integrally molded sound-absorbing foamed open-cell material or of air-absorbing fiber-forming material material, or made of a multilayer composition comprising combinations the above alternative material structures. 5. The low-noise closed type electrical transformer substation according to claim 1, characterized in that perforation holes are made in the wall of the inner tubular extension of the open neck portion, while the perforation coefficient of the wall of the inner tubular extension of the open neck part of the _PTU is

where F _G - the area of the bore of the inner tubular extension of the open neck. 6. A low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to claim 1, characterized in that a porous air-tight plug made of fibrous or foamed open-cell sound-absorbing material is mounted in the cavity of the inner tube extension of the open neck portion. 7. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 1, characterized in that the passage section of the outer portion of the end section of the inner tube extension of the open neck portion is covered by a thin breathable sound-transparent fabric layer or a breathable sound-transparent microperforated film layer or non-transparent. 8. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 3, characterized in that the open neck parts of the disposable bottle containers of the PET containers installed in the mounting holes of the neck assembly matrix are fixedly fixed to the wall of the neck assembly matrix by threaded fastening nuts. 9. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 4, characterized in that the perforation coefficient of the wall of the throat assembly matrix k _pm satisfies the expression k _pm ≥0.1. 10. The low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to claim 8, characterized in that the used threaded fastening nuts are formed from utilized standard threaded plugs to overlap the open neck parts of recycled PET bottle containers with removed bottom parts. 11. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner tube extensions of the open neck parts of the utilized PET bottle containers are fixedly fixed in the mounting holes of the neck assembly matrix or the neck assembly matrix is presented as an integral integral structure combined with internal tubular extenders of open neck parts of recyclable bottle containers of PET containers. 12. The low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 2, characterized in that the open ventilation ducts (openings) for cooling the direct-flow type of the active part of the power part of the closed-type electrical transformer substation (building) of the closed-type electrical transformer substation contain volumetric expansion chambers in the cavities of which isolated individual acoustic modules are mounted and / or grouped interlocked acoustic modules are installed. 13. The low-noise closed type electrotransformer substation according to claim 3, characterized in that the throat assembly matrix is equipped with an external facing sound-transparent surface layer and / or an internal lining sound-absorbing surface layer. 14. Low-noise closed-type electrical transformer substation according to claim 1, characterized in that the doorway and / or entrance door and / or open ventilation ducts (openings) are coupled with wall, ceiling ceilings (roof) of the room (building) of the closed-type electrical transformer substation , is performed using additional sound-insulating elements.

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