JP6848317B2 - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明にかかる半導体装置は、シリコンよりもバンドギャップが広い半導体(以下、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体とする)を用いて構成される。ここでは、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体として例えば炭化珪素(SiC)を用いた半導体装置(炭化珪素半導体装置)の構造を例に説明する。図1は、実施の形態にかかる半導体装置の構造を示す断面図である。図2は、図1のゲートトレンチの断面形状を拡大して示す断面図である。図3,4は、図1のゲートトレンチの断面形状の別の一例を示す断面図である。
次に、ゲート絶縁膜11の絶縁破壊電界強度について検証した。図10は、比較例のゲートトレンチの断面形状を示す断面図である。図11は、実施例のゲート絶縁膜の絶縁破壊電界強度を示す図表である。まず、上述した実施の形態にかかる半導体装置の製造方法にしたがい、n+型ソース領域7のn型不純物濃度プロファイルの異なる3つのMOSFET(以下、実施例1〜3とする)をそれぞれ複数作製した。実施例1〜3ともに、ゲートトレンチ9を形成するためのエッチング後、不可避的にシランを含む水素ガス雰囲気において1500℃の温度で5分間の熱処理を行った。その後、ゲートトレンチ9の内壁をゲート絶縁膜11を形成している。n+型ソース領域7の厚さt2を0.5μmとした。
2 n-型ドリフト領域
3,4 p+型領域
3a,3b p+型部分領域
5 n型電流拡散領域
5a,5b n型部分領域
6 p型ベース領域
7 n+型ソース領域
8 p++型コンタクト領域
9 ゲートトレンチ
9a ゲートトレンチの底面コーナー部
9b ゲートトレンチの上部コーナー部
9c ゲートトレンチの側壁の段差部
10 炭化珪素基板
11 ゲート絶縁膜
11a ゲート絶縁膜の表面
12 ゲート電極
12a ゲート電極の上面
13 層間絶縁膜
14 ソース電極
15 ソースパッド
16 ドレイン電極
17 ドレインパッド
21,21a,21b n-型炭化珪素層
22 p型炭化珪素層
30a ソース電極とn+型ソース領域との界面
30b n+型ソース領域とp型ベース領域との界面
31 ゲートトレンチの第1部位
32 ゲートトレンチの第2部位
33 ゲートトレンチの第3部位
41a、42,43 n+型ソース領域のn型不純物濃度プロファイル
41b n型不純物濃度プロファイルのテール部
w1 ゲートトレンチの第1部位の幅
w2 ゲートトレンチの第2部位の幅
w2’ ゲートトレンチの第2部位の段差部における幅
w3 ゲートトレンチの第3部位の幅
t1 ゲート絶縁膜の厚さ
t2 n+型ソース領域の厚さ
t3 n+型ソース領域のn型不純物濃度プロファイルのテール部の深さ
t11 n-型ドリフト領域の厚さ
t12 n型電流拡散領域の厚さ
t13 n型電流拡散領域の、ゲートトレンチに沿った部分の厚さ
Claims (8)
- シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体からなる半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板のおもて面に設けられた、シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体からなる第1導電型の第1半導体層と、
前記第1半導体層の、前記半導体基板側に対して反対側の表面に設けられた、シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体からなる第2導電型の第2半導体層と、
前記第1半導体層の内部に、前記第2半導体層に接して選択的に設けられた第2導電型の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体層の内部に、前記第2半導体層および前記第1半導体領域と離して選択的に設けられた第2導電型の第2半導体領域と、
前記第2半導体層の内部に選択的に設けられた第1導電型の第3半導体領域と、
前記第3半導体領域および前記第2半導体層を貫通して前記第1半導体層に達し、前記第1半導体層の両表面間の厚さ方向に前記第2半導体領域に対向するトレンチと、
前記トレンチの内壁に沿って、前記トレンチの内壁全面にわたって均一な厚さで設けられたゲート絶縁膜と、
前記トレンチの内部において、前記ゲート絶縁膜上に設けられたゲート電極と、
前記第3半導体領域および前記第2半導体層に電気的に接続された第1電極と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に電気的に接続された第2電極と、
を備え、
前記トレンチは、
側壁に前記第1半導体層が露出する第1部位と、
側壁に前記第2半導体層の、前記第3半導体領域以外の部分が露出する第2部位と、
側壁に前記第3半導体領域が露出し、かつ前記第1部位よりも幅の広い第3部位と、を有し、
前記トレンチには、前記第2部位の側壁に、前記第3部位の側壁に連続して、前記第3部位の側壁と斜度の異なる段差部が設けられ、
前記トレンチの前記第2部位の前記段差部における幅は、前記第3部位側から前記第2電極側へ向かうにしたがって狭くなっていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第2半導体層の不純物濃度は、前記第3半導体領域の不純物濃度よりも低いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート電極と前記第1電極とを電気的に絶縁する層間絶縁膜をさらに備え、
前記ゲート絶縁膜は、前記第2半導体層の、前記第1半導体層側に対して反対側の表面上にまで延在しており、
前記層間絶縁膜は、前記ゲート絶縁膜および前記ゲート電極を覆い、
前記層間絶縁膜と前記ゲート電極との界面は、前記層間絶縁膜と前記ゲート絶縁膜との界面よりも前記第2電極側に位置することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体は炭化珪素であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体からなる半導体基板のおもて面に、第1導電型の第1エピタキシャル成長層を堆積する第1工程と、
前記第1エピタキシャル成長層の表面層に第2導電型の第1半導体領域を選択的に形成する第2工程と、
前記第1エピタキシャル成長層の内部に第2導電型の第2半導体領域を選択的に形成する第3工程と、
前記第2工程および前記第3工程の後、前記第1エピタキシャル成長層上に、第2導電型の第2エピタキシャル成長層を堆積する第4工程と、
前記第2エピタキシャル成長層の内部に、前記第1エピタキシャル成長層および前記第2エピタキシャル成長層よりも不純物濃度の高い第1導電型の第3半導体領域を選択的に形成する第5工程と、
前記第3半導体領域および前記第2エピタキシャル成長層を貫通して前記第1エピタキシャル成長層に達し、前記第1エピタキシャル成長層の両表面間の厚さ方向に前記第2半導体領域に対向するトレンチを形成する第6工程と、
不可避的にシランを含む水素ガス雰囲気、または、水素およびシランを含む混合ガス雰囲気での熱処理により、前記トレンチの側壁をエッチングする第7工程と、
前記トレンチの内壁に沿ってゲート絶縁膜を形成する第8工程と、
前記トレンチの内部において、前記ゲート絶縁膜上にゲート電極を形成する第9工程と、
前記第3半導体領域および前記第2エピタキシャル成長層に電気的に接続された第1電極を形成する第10工程と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に電気的に接続された第2電極を形成する第11工程と、
を含み、
前記第5工程では、前記第2エピタキシャル成長層の表面から前記厚さ方向に所定深さまで不純物濃度に均一にし、当該所定深さから前記厚さ方向に深くなるにしたがって穏やかに不純物濃度を低くした前記第3半導体領域を形成し、
前記第7工程では、前記トレンチに、
側壁に前記第1エピタキシャル成長層が露出する第1部位と、
側壁に前記第2エピタキシャル成長層の、前記第3半導体領域以外の部分が露出する第2部位と、
側壁に前記第3半導体領域が露出し、かつ前記第1部位よりも幅の広い第3部位と、を形成し、
前記第7工程の後、前記第8工程の前に、
前記トレンチの内壁を犠牲酸化する第12工程と、前記第12工程で形成された犠牲酸化膜を除去して前記トレンチの側壁の形状を調整する第13工程と、を1組とする工程を1回以上行い、
当該1組とする工程において、
前記トレンチの前記第2部位の側壁に、前記第3部位の側壁に連続して、前記第3部位の側壁と斜度の異なる段差部を形成し、
前記トレンチの前記第2部位の前記段差部における幅を、前記第3部位側から前記第2電極側へ向かうにしたがって狭くすることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第6工程では、異方性エッチングにより前記トレンチを形成することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第8工程では、前記トレンチの内壁に前記ゲート絶縁膜を堆積することを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体は炭化珪素であることを特徴とする請求項5〜7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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