WO2012172988A1 - 炭化珪素半導体装置及び炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置及び炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7802—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
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- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
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- H01L29/0843—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices
- H01L29/0847—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/0852—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate of DMOS transistors
- H01L29/0856—Source regions
- H01L29/086—Impurity concentration or distribution
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/10—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/1025—Channel region of field-effect devices
- H01L29/1029—Channel region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors
- H01L29/1033—Channel region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate, e.g. characterised by the length, the width, the geometric contour or the doping structure
- H01L29/105—Channel region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate, e.g. characterised by the length, the width, the geometric contour or the doping structure with vertical doping variation
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- H01L29/41725—Source or drain electrodes for field effect devices
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66053—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L29/66068—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
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- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/417—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/41725—Source or drain electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/41766—Source or drain electrodes for field effect devices with at least part of the source or drain electrode having contact below the semiconductor surface, e.g. the source or drain electrode formed at least partially in a groove or with inclusions of conductor inside the semiconductor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silicon carbide semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- a vertical power MOSFET using silicon carbide as in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a source region is n-type doped at a high concentration and is in direct contact with a gate insulating film.
- n-type doping concentration is set low only in the vicinity of the upper surface of the source region in contact with the gate insulating film, as in Patent Document 2.
- the source electrode is formed at a site where a trench is dug.
- the gate current may flow through the gate insulating film. This is because the conduction electrons on the semiconductor side tunnel through the barrier with the gate insulating film and flow into the gate electrode side.
- the high-density gate current may flow even at a relatively low voltage. This is because the barrier energy between the gate insulating film and silicon carbide is lower than the barrier energy between silicon and the like, and this becomes more remarkable in the n-type source region. As a result, there is a problem that the gate reliability is lowered.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a silicon carbide semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device that can suppress gate current and increase gate reliability. To do.
- a first silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a drift layer made of silicon carbide of a first conductivity type, a second conductivity type base region selectively formed on the surface of the drift layer, and the base region surface layer A first conductivity type source region selectively formed on the source region, a source electrode selectively formed on the source region, the drift layer, the base region, and the source region on which the source electrode is not formed.
- Lower than the doping concentration of the second source region is characterized by high deep portion than the surface layer portion.
- a second silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a drift layer made of first conductivity type silicon carbide, a second conductivity type base region selectively formed on the surface of the drift layer, and the base region surface layer. Formed over the source region selectively formed on the source region, the source electrode selectively formed on the source region, the drift layer, the base region, and the source region where the source electrode is not formed.
- a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film, and the source region is formed in an upper layer region of a second conductivity type formed in a surface layer portion and in a lower layer of the upper layer region. And a lower end region of the first conductivity type, and a lower end of the source electrode is buried in the source region so as to reach the lower layer region.
- a first silicon carbide semiconductor device manufacturing method includes: (a) a step of forming a drift layer made of silicon carbide of a first conductivity type; and (b) a second conductivity type on the drift layer surface layer. A step of selectively forming a base region; and (c) a first conductivity type source region having a first source region and a second source region formed surrounding the first source region in plan view. A step of selectively forming on the base region surface layer; (d) a step of forming a gate insulating film across the drift layer, the base region, and the source region; and (e) the gate insulating film.
- a second method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes: (a) a step of forming a drift layer made of silicon carbide of a first conductivity type; and (b) a second conductivity type on the drift layer surface layer.
- a source region having a step of selectively forming a base region; (c) a second conductivity type upper layer region formed in a surface layer portion; and a first conductivity type lower layer region formed in a lower layer of the upper layer region And (d) forming a gate insulating film across the drift layer, the base region, and the source region, and (e) the gate.
- the drift layer made of the first conductivity type silicon carbide, the second conductivity type base region selectively formed on the surface of the drift layer, and the base A source region of a first conductivity type selectively formed in a region surface layer, a source electrode selectively formed on the source region, the drift layer, the base region, and the source electrode are not formed A gate insulating film formed across the source region, and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film, the source region including a first source region disposed under the source electrode, And a second source region formed under the gate electrode, the doping concentration of the surface layer of the second source region being a dopant concentration of the surface layer of the first source region. Lower than grayed concentration, the doping concentration of the second source region, by high deep portion than the surface layer portion, the gate current is suppressed, it is possible to increase the gate reliability.
- a source region selectively formed on a region surface layer, a source electrode selectively formed on the source region, the drift layer, the base region, and the source region where the source electrode is not formed are straddled.
- a gate insulating film formed on the gate insulating film, and the source region is provided in an upper layer region of a second conductivity type formed in a surface layer portion and a lower layer of the upper layer region.
- a lower layer region of the first conductivity type formed, and the lower end of the source electrode is buried in the source region so as to reach the lower layer region, thereby suppressing gate current and improving gate reliability. It is possible.
- a first conductivity type source comprising: a step of selectively forming a base region of a mold; and (c) a first source region and a second source region formed surrounding the first source region in plan view. Selectively forming a region on the surface of the base region; (d) forming a gate insulating film across the drift layer, the base region, and the source region; and (e) the gate.
- a gate electrode on the insulating film Forming a gate electrode on the insulating film from the surface layer of the drift layer to the surface layer of the second source region; and (f) etching away the gate insulating film at a position corresponding to the first source region, First source region Forming a source electrode on the surface of the second source region, wherein a doping concentration of the surface layer of the second source region is lower than a doping concentration of the surface layer of the first source region, and a doping concentration of the second source region is deeper than that of the surface layer portion. Since the portion is high, gate current can be suppressed and gate reliability can be improved.
- the second method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device of the present invention (a) a step of forming a drift layer made of silicon carbide of the first conductivity type, and (b) a second conductive layer on the surface of the drift layer.
- a step of selectively forming a base region of the mold, and (c) an upper layer region of a second conductivity type formed in the surface layer portion, and a lower layer region of the first conductivity type formed in a lower layer of the upper layer region A step of selectively forming a source region on the surface of the base region; (d) a step of forming a gate insulating film across the drift layer, the base region, and the source region; and (e).
- FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the first conductivity type is n-type and the second conductivity type is p-type.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device is, for example, an n-channel vertical silicon carbide MOSFET, and as shown in FIG. 1, the main surface has a (0001) plane and has a polytype of 4H, and has an n-type and low resistance.
- Drift layer 2 made of n-type silicon carbide is formed on the main surface of silicon carbide substrate 1.
- a p-type base region 3 containing, for example, Al as a p-type impurity is selectively formed in the surface layer portion of the drift layer 2. As illustrated, a plurality of base regions 3 can be formed apart from each other.
- An n-type second source region 10 containing, for example, N as an n-type impurity is selectively formed in the base region 3, and an n-type first source region 4 is further formed inside the n-type second source region 10. .
- a source region is formed by combining the first source region 4 and the second source region 10.
- N is implanted into the first source region 4 in a box profile, and N is implanted into the second source region 10 in a profile as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows the profile of the second source region 10, where the horizontal axis represents depth (nm) and the vertical axis represents concentration (cm ⁇ 3 ).
- the second source region 10 has a profile in which the concentration in the deep layer portion is higher than that in the surface layer portion, and is formed to have a peak at a position where the depth is about 300 nm.
- a p-type contact region 5 containing, for example, Al as a p-type impurity and having an impurity concentration higher than that of the base region 3 is formed.
- a source electrode 8 is formed in ohmic contact on the first source region 4 and the contact region 5.
- a gate insulating film 6 made of silicon oxide is formed on the surface of the drift layer 2 except for a portion where the source electrode 8 is formed.
- the second source region is formed on the gate insulating film 6.
- a gate electrode 7 is provided so as to straddle the boundary between 10 and the base region 3.
- the drain electrode 9 is formed on the surface facing the main surface of the silicon carbide substrate 1.
- the surface orientation of the main surface is the (0001) plane, and the surface of the n-type silicon carbide substrate 1 having a 4H polytype is formed by thermal CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) 1 as shown in FIG.
- a drift layer 2 made of silicon carbide having a thickness of ⁇ 100 ⁇ m is epitaxially grown.
- This thermal CVD method is performed, for example, under conditions of temperature: 1500 to 1800 ° C., atmospheric pressure: 25 MPa, carrier gas species: H 2 , generated gas species: SiH 4 and C 3 H 8 .
- a mask is formed on the drift layer 2 with a resist, and, for example, Al, which is a p-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask, thereby selectively forming the base region 3 as shown in FIG.
- the implantation depth of Al is 0.5 to 3.0 ⁇ m, and the implantation concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 16 to 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- N which is an n-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask to form the first source region 4 as shown in FIG. To do.
- the first source region 4 is formed on the surface layer of the base region 3.
- the implantation profile of N is a box type, the implantation depth is, for example, 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ m, and the implantation concentration is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- N which is an n-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask to form the second source region 10 as shown in FIG. To do.
- the second source region 10 is selectively formed outside the first source region 4 and in the base region 3.
- the implantation profile of N can be as shown in FIG. 10, and the implantation peak concentration is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the doping concentration is lower than the doping concentration of the surface layer of the first source region 4, and specifically, the doping concentration is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 16 to 1 It is desirable that it is ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a mask is newly formed on the drift layer 2 with a resist or silicon oxide, and Al, which is a p-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask to form a contact region 5 as shown in FIG. Form.
- the contact region 5 is formed in the first source region 4.
- the implantation depth of Al is 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ m, and the implantation concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the mask is removed, and activation annealing is performed in a temperature range of 1300 to 2100 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere.
- activation annealing is performed in a temperature range of 1300 to 2100 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere.
- a thermal oxide film is formed on the surface of the drift layer 2 at 800 to 1400 ° C., and it is removed with hydrofluoric acid (sacrificial oxidation process).
- the surface of the drift layer 2 is thermally oxidized to form a gate insulating film 6 having a desired thickness.
- a conductive polycrystalline silicon film is formed on the gate insulating film 6 by a low pressure CVD method, and a gate electrode 7 is formed by using a lithography technique and an etching technique.
- the material of the gate electrode 7 is not limited to polycrystalline silicon, but nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), platinum (Pt), tungsten (W), Silicon (Si), titanium carbide (TiC), or any of these alloys may be used.
- the gate insulating film 6 on the region where the first source region 4 and the contact region 5 are formed is removed, and Ni is formed in the formed opening.
- the source electrode 8 that is in ohmic contact with both the first source region 4 and the contact region 5 is formed.
- the material of the source electrode 8 is not limited to Ni, and Ti, Al, Mo, Cr, Pt, W, Si, TiC, or an alloy thereof may be used.
- drain electrode 9 is formed on the entire surface opposite to the main surface of silicon carbide substrate 1.
- the material of the drain electrode 9, similarly to the material of the source electrode 8, any of Ni, Ti, Al, Mo, Cr, Pt, W, Si, TiC, or an alloy thereof can be used.
- heat treatment is performed to alloy the contact portion between the source electrode 8 and the first source region 4 and the contact region 5 and the contact portion between the drain electrode 9 and the silicon carbide substrate 1 with silicon carbide. .
- This heat treatment is performed, for example, under the conditions of temperature: 950 to 1000 ° C., processing time: 20 to 60 seconds, and heating rate: 10 to 25 ° C./second.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is completed.
- the gate electrode 7 is not disposed immediately above the first source region 4. By forming in this way, it is possible to suppress FN (Fowler-Nordheim) tunneling of conduction electrons in the n-type first source region 4 to the gate insulating film 6 side at the time of gate positive bias, and gate reliability. Will improve.
- FN Lowler-Nordheim
- n-type first source region 4 in contact with the source electrode 8 is uniformly highly doped including the vicinity of the upper surface, a good ohmic contact can be obtained.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device. As shown in FIG. 21, among the gate electrodes 7 formed apart from each other, the right end (source electrode 8 side) of the gate electrode 7 arranged on the left side is set as the origin of the horizontal coordinate axis. This origin is an origin for convenience of explanation.
- the distance from the origin to the left end of the second source region 10 is the distance d X
- the distance from the origin to the center of the source electrode 8 is the distance d GS
- the first source The horizontal width of the region 4 is defined as a horizontal width dncon .
- the thickness of the gate insulating film 6 in the vertical direction is defined as a thickness d OX .
- the contact region 5 is not shown for the sake of simplicity.
- the distance d X is 0 .mu.m, the first source region 4 of a high concentration just below the gate electrode 7 will not be present. However, from the gate electrode 7 in the silicon carbide layer side, because the electric field in an oblique direction through the gate insulating film 6 is distributed, the distance d X is must be greater than 0 .mu.m.
- a MOS capacitor is manufactured by providing the gate insulating film 6 and the gate electrode 7 on the first source region 4 or the second source region 10, and the silicon carbide side is grounded to connect the gate electrode 7 to the positive electrode. It is the graph which plotted the FN electric current which flows when a bias is applied.
- Eox indicates an electric field applied to the gate insulating film 6, and J indicates a current density.
- an FN current flows at an electric field of about 5 MV / cm or more (see X in FIG. 22).
- an FN current starts to flow at an electric field of about 3 MV / cm or more (see Y in FIG. 22).
- the thickness D of the gate insulating film 6 needs to be 5/3 times the thickness d OX on the first source region 4.
- the thickness D of the gate insulating film 6 substantially interposed between the first source region 4 and the gate electrode 7 is required to be 5/3 times the thickness d OX
- the thickness of the gate insulating film 6 is not necessarily limited. The vertical thickness need not be 5/3 times the thickness d OX .
- FIG. 23 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the silicon carbide semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- a right triangle having the thickness D as a hypotenuse can be assumed.
- the right triangle has a thickness d OX on the vertical side and a distance d X on the horizontal side.
- the distance d X is at least greater than 4/3 times the thickness d OX .
- the distance d X is d X > 4d OX / 3 It is necessary to satisfy.
- the width d ncon of the first source region 4 is smaller than the width of the source electrode 8, the area of d ncon 2 of the first source region 4, the number of cells in the device N, the active region area of the element S, the ohmic contact
- the resistivity is ⁇ c and the on-resistance of the element is R, ⁇ c / ( dncon 2 ⁇ N) ⁇ R / S It is desirable to satisfy.
- the drift layer 2 made of the first conductivity type silicon carbide and the second conductivity type base region 3 selectively formed on the surface layer of the drift layer 2.
- a source region of the first conductivity type selectively formed on the surface layer of the base region 3, a source electrode 8 selectively formed on the source region, the drift layer 2, the base region 3, and the source electrode 8
- a gate insulating film 6 formed over a source region where no gate electrode is formed, and a gate electrode 7 formed on the gate insulating film 6, and the source region is a first source region disposed under the source electrode 8.
- the doping concentration of the surface layer of the second source region 10 is the first source region 4
- the doping concentration of the second source region 10 is higher in the deep layer portion than in the surface layer portion, thereby suppressing conduction electrons in the n-type first source region 4 from FN tunneling to the gate insulating film 6 side.
- gate reliability can be improved.
- the doping concentration in the region from the surface layer of the second source region 10 to the depth of 100 nm is lower than the doping concentration of the surface layer of the first source region 4.
- the doping concentration of the surface layer of the second source region 10 located under the gate insulating film 6 is lowered, and the occurrence of FN tunneling can be suppressed.
- the doping concentration in the region from the surface layer of the second source region 10 to the depth of 100 nm is 1 ⁇ 10 16 to 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the doping concentration of the surface layer of the second source region 10 located under the gate insulating film 6 is lowered, and the occurrence of FN tunneling can be suppressed.
- the doping concentration of the surface layer of the first source region 4 is 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3. A good ohmic contact can be obtained without forming.
- FIG. 11 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the first conductivity type is n-type and the second conductivity type is p-type.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device is, for example, an n-channel vertical silicon carbide MOSFET, and as shown in FIG. 11, the main surface has a (0001) plane and has a 4H polytype, an n-type low A drift layer 12 made of n-type silicon carbide is formed on the main surface of silicon carbide substrate 11 having resistance.
- a p-type base region 13 containing, for example, Al as a p-type impurity is selectively formed in the surface layer portion of the drift layer 12. As shown in the drawing, a plurality of base regions 13 can be formed apart from each other. In this base region 13, an n-type lower source region 14 containing, for example, N as an n-type impurity is selectively formed.
- a p-type region 20 as an upper layer region containing, for example, Al as a p-type impurity is formed.
- the N and Al implantation profiles of the lower source region 14 and the p-type region 20 are as shown in FIG. 20, and the boundary between the lower source region 14 and the p-type region 20 is, for example, 5 to 100 nm deep from the source region surface layer. Exists in the position.
- FIG. 20 shows the profile (round point) of the lower layer source region 14 and the profile (triangular point) of the p-type region 20, with the horizontal axis representing depth (nm) and the vertical axis representing concentration (cm ⁇ 3 ). Have taken.
- the lower layer source region 14 has a profile in which the concentration in the deep layer portion is higher than that in the surface layer portion, and is formed to have a peak at a position where the depth is about 300 nm.
- the p-type region 20 has a profile having a peak at a position where the depth is approximately 40 nm. The lower source region 14 and the p-type region 20 are combined to form a source region.
- the conduction band of the p-type region 20 near the upper surface can be shifted to the higher energy side by band bending.
- a p-type contact region 15 containing Al as a p-type impurity and having a higher impurity concentration than the base region 13 is formed.
- a trench 100 that reaches the lower layer source region 14 and the contact region 15 from the surface of the drift layer 12 is provided in the center of the region where the source region and the contact region 15 are formed, and the source electrode 18 is provided in the trench 100. Is formed.
- the lower end of the source electrode 18 reaches the lower source region 14 and is buried.
- the source electrode 18 is formed in ohmic contact with the lower source region 14 and the contact region 15.
- a gate insulating film 16 made of silicon oxide is formed on the surface of the drift layer 12 except for a portion where the source electrode 18 is formed.
- the p-type region 20 is formed on the gate insulating film 16.
- a gate electrode 17 is provided so as to straddle the boundary between the base region 13 and the base region 13.
- a drain electrode 19 is formed on the surface facing the main surface of the silicon carbide substrate 11.
- the surface orientation of the main surface is the (0001) plane, and an n-type silicon carbide substrate 11 having a 4H polytype is formed on the surface of the n-type silicon carbide substrate 11 by a thermal CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method as shown in FIG.
- a drift layer 12 made of silicon carbide having a thickness of ⁇ 100 ⁇ m is epitaxially grown.
- This thermal CVD method is performed, for example, under conditions of temperature: 1500 to 1800 ° C., atmospheric pressure: 25 MPa, carrier gas species: H 2 , generated gas species: SiH 4 and C 3 H 8 .
- a mask is formed on the drift layer 12 with a resist, and, for example, Al as a p-type impurity is ion-implanted through the mask, thereby selectively forming a base region 13 as shown in FIG.
- the implantation depth of Al is 0.5 to 3.0 ⁇ m, and the implantation concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 16 to 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- N which is an n-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask to form a lower source region 14 as shown in FIG. .
- the lower source region 14 is selectively formed on the surface layer of the base region 13.
- the implantation profile of N is as shown in FIG. 20, and the implantation peak concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- Al which is a p-type impurity
- Al is ion-implanted through the same mask as described above, thereby forming a p-type region 20 as an upper layer region in the upper layer of the lower source region 14 as shown in FIG. To do.
- the Al implantation profile is as shown in FIG. 20, and the implantation concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 or more in the region from the outermost surface of the drift layer 12 to a depth of 100 nm.
- a new mask is formed on the drift layer 12 with a resist or silicon oxide, and Al, which is a p-type impurity, is ion-implanted through the mask to form a contact region 15 as shown in FIG. Form.
- the implantation depth of Al is 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ m, and the implantation concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 19 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the mask is removed, and activation annealing is performed in a temperature range of 1300 to 2100 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere.
- activation annealing is performed in a temperature range of 1300 to 2100 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere.
- a thermal oxide film is formed on the surface of the drift layer 12 at 800 to 1400 ° C., and it is removed with hydrofluoric acid (sacrificial oxidation process).
- the surface of the drift layer 12 is thermally oxidized to form a gate insulating film 16 having a desired thickness.
- a polycrystalline silicon film having conductivity is formed on the gate insulating film 16 by a low pressure CVD method, and the gate electrode 17 is formed by using a lithography technique and an etching technique.
- the material of the gate electrode 17 is not limited to polycrystalline silicon, but nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), platinum (Pt), tungsten (W), Silicon (Si), titanium carbide (TiC), or any of these alloys may be used.
- the gate insulating film 16 on the region where the source region and the contact region 15 are formed is removed by using a lithography technique and an etching technique, and the lower-layer source region 14 is exposed on the surface.
- Ni is stacked in the trench 100 to form the source electrode 18 that is in ohmic contact with both the lower-layer source region 14 and the contact region 15. .
- the material of the source electrode 18 is not limited to Ni, and Ti, Al, Mo, Cr, Pt, W, Si, TiC, or any of these alloys may be used.
- a drain electrode 19 is formed on the entire surface of the silicon carbide substrate 11 facing the main surface.
- the material of the drain electrode 19 similarly to the material of the source electrode 18, any of Ni, Ti, Al, Mo, Cr, Pt, W, Si, TiC, or an alloy thereof can be used.
- heat treatment is performed to alloy the contact portion between the source electrode 18 and the lower source region 14 and the contact region 15 and the contact portion between the drain electrode 19 and the silicon carbide substrate 11 with silicon carbide.
- This heat treatment is performed, for example, under the conditions of temperature: 950 to 1000 ° C., processing time: 20 to 60 seconds, and heating rate: 10 to 25 ° C./second.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is completed.
- the conduction band of p-type region 20 is shifted to a higher energy side by band bending, and conduction electrons in n-type lower source region 14 are gate insulating film 16 at the time of gate positive bias. FN tunneling to the side can be suppressed, and gate reliability is improved.
- the source electrode 18 is formed at a site where the trench 100 is dug.
- the p-type doping concentration of the channel forming portion of the MOSFET is set to a sufficiently low value so that the channel is formed to a deep position. Thus, conduction electrons can flow smoothly from the lower source region 14 to the channel and further to the drift layer 12 (drain side) when the MOSFET is turned on.
- a silicon carbide substrate having a (0001) plane of the main surface and having a 4H polytype is used, but the plane orientation is not limited to this and (000 -1) plane, (11-20) plane, etc., and those having an off-angle in these plane orientations.
- the polytype may be 3C or 6H.
- the n-type channel silicon carbide MOSFET has been described in which the n-type is the first conductivity type and the p-type is the second conductivity type, but the p-type is the first conductivity type and the n-type is the second conductivity type. Even in a p-type channel silicon carbide MOSFET of the present invention, the present invention can exert the same effect.
- Al is used as the p-type impurity, it may be boron (B), gallium (Ga), or the like.
- N is used as the n-type impurity, it may be arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), or the like.
- the drift layer 12 made of the first conductivity type silicon carbide and the second conductivity type base region 13 selectively formed on the surface layer of the drift layer 12.
- a source region selectively formed on the surface layer of the base region 13, a source electrode 18 selectively formed on the source region, a drift layer 12, a base region 13, and a source region in which the source electrode 18 is not formed.
- a gate electrode 17 formed on the gate insulating film 16, and the source region is p-type as an upper layer region of the second conductivity type formed in the surface layer portion.
- a lower source region 14 as a lower layer region of the first conductivity type formed in the lower layer of the p-type region 20, so that the lower end of the source electrode 18 reaches the lower source region 14.
- the conduction band of the p-type region 20 is shifted to a higher energy side by band bending, and when the gate is positively biased, the conduction electrons in the n-type lower layer source region 14 are transferred to the gate insulating film 16 side. It can be suppressed and gate reliability can be improved.
- the source electrode 18 is formed on the trench 100, a good ohmic contact with the lower layer source region 14 can be obtained.
- the boundary between p type region 20 as the upper layer region and lower source region 14 as the lower layer region has a depth of 5 from the surface layer of p type region 20.
- a step of selectively forming the second conductivity type base region 13, (c) a p type region 20 as an upper layer region of the second conductivity type formed in the surface layer portion, and a lower layer of the p type region 20 A step of selectively forming a source region having a lower layer source region 14 as a lower layer region of the first conductivity type formed on a surface layer of the base region 13; (d) a drift layer 12, a base region 13, and a source; A step of forming the gate insulating film 16 over the region, (e) a step of forming the gate electrode 17 on the gate insulating film 16 from the surface of the drift layer 12 to the surface of the source region, and (f) a gate.
- Electrode 17 A step of forming a trench 100 that reaches the lower source region 14 from the surface of the gate insulating film 16 that is not formed, and (g) a step of burying the lower end in the trench 100 to form the source electrode 18, thereby providing n
- the conduction electrons in the lower layer source region 14 can be prevented from FN tunneling to the gate insulating film 16 side, and the gate reliability can be improved.
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Abstract
Description
<A-1.構成>
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る炭化珪素半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態においては、第1導電型をn型、第2導電型をp型として説明する。
次に、本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法の一例を図2~10を用いて説明する。
dX>4dOX/3
を満たす必要がある。
ρc/(dncon 2×N)<R/S
を満たすことが望ましい。
dX<dGS-0.5×(ρcS/RN)1/2
となる。
dX<dGS+dpcon/2-0.5×(ρcS/RN+dpcon 2)1/2
と書き換えられる。
4dOX/3<dX<dGS+dpcon/2-0.5×(ρcS/RN+dpcon 2)1/2
であることが望ましい。
本発明にかかる実施の形態によれば、炭化珪素半導体装置において、第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層2と、ドリフト層2表層に選択的に形成された第2導電型のベース領域3と、ベース領域3表層に選択的に形成された第1導電型のソース領域と、ソース領域上に選択的に形成されたソース電極8と、ドリフト層2と、ベース領域3と、ソース電極8が形成されないソース領域とに跨って形成されたゲート絶縁膜6と、ゲート絶縁膜6上に形成されたゲート電極7とを備え、ソース領域は、ソース電極8下に配置される第1ソース領域4と、第1ソース領域4を平面視上囲んで形成され、ゲート電極7下に配置される第2ソース領域10とを有し、第2ソース領域10表層のドーピング濃度は、第1ソース領域4表層のドーピング濃度よりも低く、第2ソース領域10のドーピング濃度は、表層部よりも深層部が高いことで、n型の第1ソース領域4の伝導電子がゲート絶縁膜6側にFNトンネルするのを抑制し、ゲート信頼性を高めることができる。
<B-1.構成>
図11は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る炭化珪素半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態においては、第1導電型をn型、第2導電型をp型として説明する。
次に、本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法の一例を図12~20を用いて説明する。
本発明にかかる実施の形態によれば、炭化珪素半導体装置において、第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層12と、ドリフト層12表層に選択的に形成された第2導電型のベース領域13と、ベース領域13表層に選択的に形成されたソース領域と、ソース領域上に選択的に形成されたソース電極18と、ドリフト層12と、ベース領域13と、ソース電極18が形成されないソース領域とに跨って形成されたゲート絶縁膜16と、ゲート絶縁膜16上に形成されたゲート電極17とを備え、ソース領域は、表層部に形成された第2導電型の上層領域としてのp型領域20と、p型領域20の下層に形成された第1導電型の下層領域としての下層ソース領域14とを有し、ソース電極18の下端が、下層ソース領域14に到達するようソース領域に埋没することで、p型領域20の伝導帯をバンドベンディングにより高エネルギー側にシフトさせ、ゲート正バイアス時に、n型の下層ソース領域14の伝導電子がゲート絶縁膜16側にFNトンネルすることを抑制することができ、ゲート信頼性を高めることができる。
Claims (9)
- 第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(2)と、
前記ドリフト層(2)表層に選択的に形成された第2導電型のベース領域(3)と、
前記ベース領域(3)表層に選択的に形成された第1導電型のソース領域(4、10)と、
前記ソース領域(4、10)上に選択的に形成されたソース電極(8)と、
前記ドリフト層(2)と、前記ベース領域(3)と、前記ソース電極(8)が形成されない前記ソース領域(4、10)とに跨って形成されたゲート絶縁膜(6)と、
前記ゲート絶縁膜(6)上に形成されたゲート電極(7)とを備え、
前記ソース領域(4、10)は、前記ソース電極(8)下に配置される第1ソース領域(4)と、前記第1ソース領域(4)を平面視上囲んで形成され、前記ゲート電極(7)下に配置される第2ソース領域(10)とを有し、
前記第2ソース領域(10)表層のドーピング濃度は、前記第1ソース領域(4)表層のドーピング濃度よりも低く、
前記第2ソース領域(10)のドーピング濃度は、表層部よりも深層部が高いことを特徴とする、
炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第2ソース領域(10)表層から深さ100nmまでの領域におけるドーピング濃度が、前記第1ソース領域(4)表層のドーピング濃度よりも低いことを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第2ソース領域(10)表層から深さ100nmまでの領域におけるドーピング濃度が、1×1016~1×1018cm-3であることを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第1ソース領域(4)表層のドーピング濃度が、1×1019~1×1021cm-3であることを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート電極(7)の前記ソース電極側(8)の端部を横方向座標軸の原点とし、
前記原点から前記第2ソース領域(10)までの距離をdX、
前記原点から前記ソース電極(8)の中心までの距離をdGS、
前記第1ソース領域(4)の横幅をdncon、
前記ゲート絶縁膜(6)の縦方向の厚さをdOX、
前記第1ソース領域(4)の面積をdncon 2、
素子内のセル数をN、
素子の活性領域の面積をS、
オーミックコンタクト抵抗率をρc、
素子のオン抵抗率をR、
前記第1ソース領域(4)内において形成された、前記ベース領域(3)よりも不純物濃度が高い第2導電型のコンタクト領域(5)の横幅をdpconとするとき、
4dOX/3<dX<dGS+dpcon/2-0.5×(ρcS/RN+dpcon 2)1/2
を満たすことを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(12)と、
前記ドリフト層(12)表層に選択的に形成された第2導電型のベース領域(13)と、
前記ベース領域(13)表層に選択的に形成されたソース領域(20、14)と、
前記ソース領域(20、14)上に選択的に形成されたソース電極(18)と、
前記ドリフト層(12)と、前記ベース領域(13)と、前記ソース電極(18)が形成されない前記ソース領域(20、14)とに跨って形成されたゲート絶縁膜(16)と、
前記ゲート絶縁膜(16)上に形成されたゲート電極(17)とを備え、
前記ソース領域(20、14)は、表層部に形成された第2導電型の上層領域(20)と、前記上層領域(20)の下層に形成された第1導電型の下層領域(14)とを有し、
前記ソース電極(18)の下端が、前記下層領域(14)に到達するよう前記ソース領域(20、14)に埋没することを特徴とする、
炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記上層領域(20)と前記下層領域(14)との境界が、前記上層領域(20)表層から深さ5~100nmに位置することを特徴とする、
請求項6に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - (a)第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(2)を形成する工程と、
(b)前記ドリフト層(2)表層に、第2導電型のベース領域(3)を選択的に形成する工程と、
(c)第1ソース領域(4)と、前記第1ソース領域(4)を平面視上囲んで形成される第2ソース領域(10)とを有する、第1導電型のソース領域(4、10)を前記ベース領域(3)表層に選択的に形成する工程と、
(d)前記ドリフト層(2)と、前記ベース領域(3)と、前記ソース領域(4、10)とに跨って、ゲート絶縁膜(6)を形成する工程と、
(e)前記ゲート絶縁膜(6)上において、前記ドリフト層(2)表層から前記第2ソース領域(10)表層に跨ってゲート電極(7)を形成する工程と、
(f)前記第1ソース領域(4)に対応する位置の前記ゲート絶縁膜(6)をエッチング除去し、前記第1ソース領域(4)上にソース電極(8)を形成する工程とを備え、
前記第2ソース領域(10)表層のドーピング濃度は、前記第1ソース領域(4)表層のドーピング濃度よりも低く、
前記第2ソース領域(10)のドーピング濃度は、表層部よりも深層部が高いことを特徴とする、
炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - (a)第1導電型の炭化珪素からなるドリフト層(12)を形成する工程と、
(b)前記ドリフト層(12)表層に、第2導電型のベース領域(13)を選択的に形成する工程と、
(c)表層部に形成された第2導電型の上層領域(20)と、前記上層領域(20)の下層に形成された第1導電型の下層領域(14)とを有するソース領域(20、14)を、前記ベース領域(13)表層に選択的に形成する工程と、
(d)前記ドリフト層(12)と、前記ベース領域(13)と、前記ソース領域(20、14)とに跨って、ゲート絶縁膜(16)を形成する工程と、
(e)前記ゲート絶縁膜(16)上において、前記ドリフト層(12)表層から前記ソース領域(20、14)表層内に跨ってゲート電極(17)を形成する工程と、
(f)前記ゲート電極(17)が形成されないゲート絶縁膜(16)表面から、前記下層領域(14)に到達するトレンチ(100)を形成する工程と、
(g)前記トレンチ(100)内に下端を埋没させ、ソース電極(18)を形成する工程とを備えることを特徴とする、
炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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JP2022543376A (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-10-12 | ヒタチ・エナジー・スウィツァーランド・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 炭化珪素トランジスタデバイス |
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WO2016084158A1 (ja) | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | 新電元工業株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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