JP5224807B2 - ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)抽出物による皮膚の処置方法 - Google Patents
ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)抽出物による皮膚の処置方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5224807B2 JP5224807B2 JP2007501930A JP2007501930A JP5224807B2 JP 5224807 B2 JP5224807 B2 JP 5224807B2 JP 2007501930 A JP2007501930 A JP 2007501930A JP 2007501930 A JP2007501930 A JP 2007501930A JP 5224807 B2 JP5224807 B2 JP 5224807B2
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Description
本発明は、刺激として有効な量のラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)抽出物を皮膚細胞に適用することを含んでなる、皮膚細胞におけるβデフェンシン産生を刺激する方法に関する。本発明はまた、刺激として有効な量のラクトバチルス抽出物を適用することによって有害な刺激によるダメージから皮膚を保護する方法に関する。
図1および2は、ラクトバチルス抽出物画分のさまざまなサンプルに関する28SリボソームRNAバンドの視覚的な定量を示す。図1、レーンの識別:1、1844透過液 5x10E9;2、1839培養液10E8;3、1839 保持液 5x10E10;4、1839透過液10E9;5、1839透過液5x10E9;6、1839透過液10E10;7、1839 熱交換 10E10;8、lambda Hind III。図2、レーンの識別:1、lambda Hind III;2、未処理B;3、1844培養液5x10E9;4、1844 保持液 10E10; 5、1844 保持液 5x10E10;6、1844透過液5x10E10;7、1844 熱交換 10E9;8、1844 熱交換 5x10E9。
本発明は、ラクトバチルス属細菌の抽出物が、概して用量依存的に、皮膚細胞におけるβデフェンシン産生を刺激することができるという知見に基づいている。特に、水溶性および水不溶性の物質をいずれも含有する抽出物を含めて、いくつかの異なる形態のラクトバチルス抽出物が、皮膚細胞培養物におけるβデフェンシン産生を誘発することができることが見出された。さまざまな処理サンプルの調製の概略が図1に示される。要約すると、未処理抽出物サンプル、ならびに熱交換分画およびクロスフロー濾過した透過液および保持液はそれぞれ、βデフェンシン産生を刺激する、ある程度の活性を示す。活性は、少なくともおよそ1x109から1x1010までの範囲の細胞濃度を含むサンプルにおいてもっとも顕著である。ビーフベースのブロスおよびダイズベースのブロスで増殖させたラクトバチルスの抽出物はいずれも、βデフェンシン誘導活性をもつことが明らかとなった。
L. plantarum菌は、下記の組成を有する、非動物性MRS寒天培地にて最終pH 6.3+/-0.2で維持する:
ペプトン 10 g/l
酵母エキス 20
グルコース 20
Tween 80 1.08
リン酸水素二カリウム 2
酢酸ナトリウム 5
クエン酸アンモニウム 2
硫酸マグネシウム 0.2
硫酸マンガン 0.05
MRS寒天培地を作るために、55.3gの粉末を1リットルの精製水中に懸濁し、十分混合する。混合物を頻繁に撹拌しながら加熱して、1分間沸騰させ、粉末を完全に溶解させる。次に、その培地を121℃にて15分間オートクレーブ処理して滅菌する。
回収されたL. plantarumは、丸い端部を有するまっすぐな桿状で、総じて幅0.9〜1.2μm、長さ3〜8μmである。この菌は1つ1つが、2つ1組の状態で、または短い鎖状で存在する。L. plantarumの生化学的特性を表1に示す。
集菌されたL. plantarumを、醗酵によって嫌気的に増殖させる。L. plantarum菌を、滅菌白金耳によってMRS傾斜培地から移し、2リットルの非動物性MRSブロス培地を入れたフラスコに接種する。このブロスを撹拌しながら37℃にて一晩インキュベートして、良好な増殖を達成させる。培地は濁ってくる。その後、培養物を固体培地に移し、培養物の純度を確認するためにグラム染色する。
植物性ペプトン 20 g/l
酵母エキス 5
グルコース 20
Tween 80 1.08
リン酸水素二カリウム 2
酢酸ナトリウム 5
クエン酸アンモニウム 2
硫酸マグネシウム 0.2
硫酸マンガン 0.05
Lactobacillus plantarumは、上記のようにNew Brunswick発酵槽(10リットル容)を用いて嫌気条件下で培養し、MIC 1844と名付けた。MIC 1844は30℃にて24時間培養した。この細菌を、すでに記述したように熱交換(1回通過)で分画し、0.22μクロスフローフィルターを通して処理した。未処理培養液、熱交換(処理なし)、透過液および保持液をhBD-2誘導についてNHEK(正常ヒト表皮角化細胞)でアッセイした。熱交換から回収されクロスフロー濾過で処理された、透過されない細胞残渣を保持液と称した。保持液は濾過プロセスによって7倍に濃縮された。未処理培養液の最終濃度は2.5〜5.0x1010 細胞/mlであった。熱交換およびクロスフロー濾過から回収された、透過された物質(代謝された培地および可溶性細胞成分)を透過液と称した。透過液は、未処理熱交換もしくは未処理培養液と同じ濃度であった。NHEKとともにインキュベートする前に、すべての画分を20分間煮沸した。NHEKの処理の間に生菌が大いに増殖し、哺乳動物細胞培養物の汚染および無価値の結果をもたらすため、こうした予防策は当然と考えられる。
Cascade EPI Life の存在下でNHEKを増殖させた。80〜90%コンフルエントで細胞を処理した。NHEKを48時間処理してRNAを回収した。ラクトバチルスをSolabia社製ダイズエキスの存在下で増殖させた。この培地は、一から調製した。DIFCO社製の乳酸菌MRSブロスは、ペプトン、ビーフエキス、酵母エキス、デキストロース、酢酸ナトリウムおよび選択された複数の塩類を含有する。この処方では、ビーフエキス(10g/l)をSolabia社製ダイズエキス(10g/l)で置き換えた。1844実験から得られた未処理培養液、熱交換画分、透過液画分および保持液画分を、1839画分と比較した。1839画分は、MRSブロス(ビーフエキス)で増殖させて、熱交換処理したラクトバチルス菌から得られた。4つの画分は3ヶ月間4℃に維持した。ラクトバチルス菌を30℃にて24時間10リットルNew Brunswick醗酵槽で増殖させた。1844培養液からの回収は2.5〜5 x 1010細胞/mlであった。1839培養液は、約9 x 1010〜2.8 x 1011細胞/mlであった。このことは、ダイズエキス使用時には、細胞数の44〜72%減少と言い換えられる。
RNAに特異的な蛍光プローブを用いて全RNAレベルを測定した(RiboGreen ELISA)(表1)。選択されたサンプル群についてリボソーム28S RNAを光学的に定量した(図1および2)。RNAの分解は一切認められなかった。28SリボソームRNAバンド(一番上のバンド)の強度はわずかに変化し、783000+/-25000(図1)および882000+/-46000(図2)であった。2つのゲルの当該バンドの強度は、8000のピクセル面積に限定された。内部標準として18SリボソームmRNA(下方のバンド)を増幅することに成功した。逆転写の効率を測定する外部標準は含めなかった。さまざまな画分を表すフローチャートを図3に示す。
全部で9人の被験者、25〜55歳の男女が本研究に参加した。被験者は全員、急性もしくは慢性疾患の徴候がなく、かつ/または皮膚科もしくは眼科的問題のない普通の健康状態であった。日焼け、発疹、擦り傷、やけど痕などのある被験者は、試験結果の評価の妨げとなる可能性があるため、本研究から除外した。妊婦または授乳中の女性も除いた。試験部位には、疣、母斑、ほくろ、日焼け、瘢痕、および観察時に認められる進行中の皮膚病変がまったく存在しない。
皮膚微生物叢
調査対象者は実験室に出向き、マイルドな液体石鹸で洗顔する。顔の右側をビヒクルで処理し、左側をラクトバチルス抽出物含有製剤で処理する。研究者が無菌手袋を用いて、当該物質を塗布し、なじませる。次の3時間で、正常な微生物叢を皮膚に出現させる。この間、調査対象者には、髪の毛を顔から離しておくように、さらに顔に触れたり、顔を洗ったり、または顔に何かを付けたりするのを避けるよう助言する。この3時間の終わりの時点で、微生物を分析するために顔の頬の部分から食塩水洗浄液を得る。
図7のグラフは、各被験者についてビヒクル処理部位に対するラクトバチルス処理部位の比を示す。1の値は、差異がないことを示すが、1より低い値は、ラクトバチルス処理部位で細菌の増殖が減少したことを示す。グラフにおいて認められるように、20%ラクトバチルス抽出物は皮膚上での細菌増殖を減少させるのに有効であった。9人のうち6人の被験者は、処理の3時間後に微生物増殖の低下を示した。1人は変化せず、2人は20%ラクトバチルスでより多くの増殖を示した。
本実験のために選ばれたいくつかの生物は、化粧品防腐剤試験におけるそれらの多様性および妥当性のために選び出された。こうした生物には、大腸菌(Escherichia coli)(EC)、肺炎桿菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)(KP)、緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)(PA)、シュードモナス・セパシア(Pseudomonas cepacia)(PC)、黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)(SA)、表皮ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)(SE)、カンジダ・アルビカンス(Candida albicans)(CA)、カンジダ・パラプシロシス(Candida parapsilosis)(CP)およびクロカビ(Aspergillus niger)(AN)が含まれる。
ラクトバチルス培養液のMICゾーン:(生物およびサンプルの説明については上記を参照されたい)。2mmより大きい阻止ゾーンは、有意な活性があるとみなす。
化粧品の防腐剤効果試験に一般に用いられる数種の微生物に対する抗菌活性について、ラクトバチルスの5つの画分を評価した。すべての画分がグラム陰性およびグラム陽性細菌に対して有意なレベルの活性を示した。酵母およびカビに対しては、活性がほとんどもしくはまったく認められなかった。
材料 重量%
蒸留水 十分量
EDTA ナトリウム 0.100
クオタニウム 22 0.100
スクレロチウムガム 0.500
セテアレス 20 2.500
ブチレングリコール 5.000
ポリメチルメタクリレート 1.000
ゼオライト 0.500
シクロペンタシロキサン 10.500
ジメチコン(100cts) 2.000
ミリスチルアルコール 0.750
ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム 2.000
藻類エキス (Alguard) 0.900
ビサボロール 0.050
酢酸トコフェロール 0.100
防腐剤 1.000
着色料 0.0042
アクリルアミド/アクリロイルジメチルタウリンナトリウム
コポリマー/イソヘキサデカン/ポリソルベート 80 2.000
着色料 0.0080
ラクトバチルス溶液 10.000
6週間の試験後、この組成物は炎症性病変および非炎症性病変をいずれも有意に(p<0.0001)減少させることが示された。結果を図9のグラフで示す。
年齢25〜55歳の、全部で29人の女性がこの研究に参加した。パネルはそれぞれ9〜10人からなる3グループに分けられた。全被験者は、急性もしくは慢性疾患の徴候がなく、かつ/または皮膚科的もしくは眼科的問題のない普通の健康状態であった。
処理
パネルは、試験物質に対応して、それぞれ9〜10人からなる3グループに分けられた。被験者はクリームを与えられ、2ヶ月間1日2回顔全体および左前腕に使用した。右腕が未処理対照である。被験者は、他の保湿剤もしくはトリートメント製品を何も使用しないよう指導されるが、しかしながら、製品を変更しない限り洗浄剤および化粧品を使い続けることができる。試験当日に、被験者はクリーム、ローション、化粧品などを付けていない素顔および前腕で実験室に出向くよう指導される。被験者に対する乳酸によるヒリヒリ痛の測定は、ベースライン、1か月および2か月時点で得られる。10%乳酸を顔の片側に塗り、反対側には生理食塩水を付ける(Frosch および Kligman, J Soc Cosmet Chem, 28:197-209, 1977)。2.5分および5分後に、被験者によって報告されたヒリヒリ痛の強さを記録する。ヒリヒリ痛の累積強度は、食塩水処理部位でのヒリヒリ痛の強度の合計を差し引いた乳酸処理部位のヒリヒリ痛の強度の合計である。1か月処理後および2か月処理後に、再び乳酸で被験者を試験する。試験当日被験者は製品を付けない。ベースラインと4週間処理のヒリヒリ痛の強度の差異を計算した。
Claims (3)
- 破壊されたラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)の細胞を含む、有効量の熱交換処理されたラクトバチルス・プランタルムの抽出物または該抽出物の活性画分を含んでなる、皮膚細胞においてβデフェンシンを刺激するために使用される局所用組成物。
- 前記活性画分が、水に不溶性であるラクトバチルス・プランタルムの細胞残渣を含む、クロスフロー濾過によって回収される熱交換処理されたラクトバチルス・プランタルムの抽出物の保持液画分である、請求項1に記載の局所用組成物。
- 皮膚に有益な物質をさらに含有する、請求項1または2に記載の局所用組成物。
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US55007804P | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | |
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PCT/US2005/006712 WO2005091933A2 (en) | 2004-03-04 | 2005-03-02 | Skin treatment method with lactobacillus extract |
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JP2007501930A Active JP5224807B2 (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2005-03-02 | ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)抽出物による皮膚の処置方法 |
JP2010111076A Pending JP2010215641A (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2010-05-13 | ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)抽出物による皮膚の処置方法 |
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US (1) | US7510734B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1722804B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5224807B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060114370A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005227234B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2557834C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2531597T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005091933A2 (ja) |
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WO2020111172A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 雪印メグミルク株式会社 | 抗菌ペプチド産生促進用組成物 |
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Cited By (1)
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WO2020111172A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 雪印メグミルク株式会社 | 抗菌ペプチド産生促進用組成物 |
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JP2010215641A (ja) | 2010-09-30 |
EP1722804B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
AU2005227234B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
AU2005227234A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
JP2007526325A (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
EP1722804A2 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
CA2557834A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
US7510734B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 |
KR20060114370A (ko) | 2006-11-06 |
WO2005091933A3 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
WO2005091933A2 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
ES2531597T3 (es) | 2015-03-17 |
CA2557834C (en) | 2012-05-22 |
EP2514427A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
US20050196480A1 (en) | 2005-09-08 |
EP1722804A4 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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