JP2774509B2 - Method for producing volume phase hologram - Google Patents
Method for producing volume phase hologramInfo
- Publication number
- JP2774509B2 JP2774509B2 JP17389488A JP17389488A JP2774509B2 JP 2774509 B2 JP2774509 B2 JP 2774509B2 JP 17389488 A JP17389488 A JP 17389488A JP 17389488 A JP17389488 A JP 17389488A JP 2774509 B2 JP2774509 B2 JP 2774509B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hologram
- recording layer
- substrate
- volume phase
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、2種の異なる波長の光を回折し得る異なる
ブラッグ格子を有する一枚の体積位相型ホログラムに関
する。The present invention relates to a single volume phase hologram having different Bragg gratings capable of diffracting two different wavelengths of light.
(従来の技術) 従来、傾斜縞パターンを記録した体積位相型ホログラ
ムは、ヘッドアップディスプレイの光結合素子やレーザ
ーから眼を保護するレーザーアイ保護バイザー等の用途
においてそれらの重要性が示唆されている。(Prior Art) Conventionally, it has been suggested that volume phase holograms in which an inclined fringe pattern is recorded have importance in applications such as an optical coupling element of a head-up display and a laser eye protection visor for protecting eyes from a laser. .
上記の如きホログラムにおいては、高い回折効率及び
透明性が要求され、この様な性能を兼ね備えたホログラ
ム記録媒体としては、重クロム酸で増感したゼラチン及
びポリ(N−ビニルカルバゾール)(以下PVCzと略称す
る)が知られている。The hologram as described above requires high diffraction efficiency and transparency, and hologram recording media having such performance include gelatin and poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (hereinafter referred to as PVCz) sensitized with dichromic acid. Abbreviations) are known.
従来、体積位相型ホログラムで異なる2波長を回折し
ようとする場合には、異なるブラッグ格子を有する2枚
のホログラムを貼り合せて行う方法が一般的であり、代
表的にはカラーホログラムにおいて行われている。Conventionally, when trying to diffract two different wavelengths with a volume phase hologram, a method is generally used in which two holograms having different Bragg gratings are bonded to each other. I have.
一方、二つのブラッグ格子を1枚のホログラム上に記
録することは原理的には可能であるが、体積位相型ホロ
グラムの現像操作によって、回折効率及び透明性が同時
に実用的レベルに具現化されうる技術は知られていな
い。On the other hand, although it is possible in principle to record two Bragg gratings on one hologram, the diffraction efficiency and transparency can be simultaneously realized to a practical level by the developing operation of the volume phase hologram. The technology is unknown.
特に、ヘッドアップディスプレイの如きホログラムと
表示との光学配置が固定された場合には、相互の配置を
変えてホログラムの回折光の入射角依存性を利用し、他
色表示を行うことには技術的困難さが多々存在する。In particular, when the optical arrangement of the hologram and the display is fixed, such as in a head-up display, it is a technology to change the mutual arrangement and use the incident angle dependence of the diffracted light of the hologram to display other colors. There are many difficulties.
(発明が解決しようとしている問題点) ホログラムを2枚重ねる際には接着界面における光散
乱、接着等の光学系の配置調整による多色回折の技術的
困難さ等の問題があり、加えて製法上の問題から意図し
た二つのブラッグ格子を形成させたホログラムが困難で
あるという問題点も二色の表示には存在している。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When two holograms are stacked, there are problems such as light scattering at the bonding interface and technical difficulty of multicolor diffraction due to adjustment of the arrangement of the optical system such as bonding. The two-color display also has a problem that it is difficult to form a hologram having two intended Bragg gratings from the above problem.
従って本発明の目的は、上記の如き従来技術の欠点を
解決し、特に再生光の入射角度の変更を要せず、1枚の
ホログラムで異なる波長の光を回折することができる体
積位相型ホログラムを提供することである。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and particularly to a volume phase hologram that can diffract light of different wavelengths with one hologram without changing the incident angle of the reproduction light. It is to provide.
(問題点を解決するための手段) 上記目的は以下の本発明によって達成される。(Means for Solving the Problems) The above object is achieved by the present invention described below.
すなわち、本発明は、基板上に形成されたホログラム
記録層に露光して干渉縞パターンを記録し、該記録層を
有機溶媒により膨潤及び収縮させる現像を行った後、該
記録層を基板から剥離し、基板と接触していた面を前記
現像条件とは異なる条件で有機溶媒によって膨潤及び収
縮させて現像することを特徴とする体積位相型ホログラ
ムの製造方法である。That is, in the present invention, the hologram recording layer formed on the substrate is exposed to record an interference fringe pattern, the recording layer is developed and swelled and shrunk by an organic solvent, and then the recording layer is peeled from the substrate. A method for producing a volume phase hologram, wherein the surface in contact with the substrate is developed by swelling and shrinking with an organic solvent under conditions different from the developing conditions.
(作用) 体積位相型ホログラムは通常の製法に従えば透明基板
上に支持固定されている。透明基板に支持された感材層
にレーザー光で露光した後、溶媒による膨潤・収縮操作
により現像を施すことによって有効なホログラムを得
る。これは重クロム酸ゼラチン系及びPVCz系に共通であ
る。(Operation) The volume phase hologram is supported and fixed on a transparent substrate according to a normal manufacturing method. An effective hologram is obtained by exposing the light-sensitive material layer supported on the transparent substrate to a laser beam and then performing development by swelling / shrinking operations with a solvent. This is common to the dichromated gelatin system and the PVCz system.
透明基板上に支持固定された感材層には均一にレーザ
ー光が照射され、干渉波は記録されているが、溶媒によ
る膨潤・収縮時は基板近傍部へは溶剤の浸透は十分に行
われないため、基板近傍部ではホログラム格子への形成
に至らない、すなわち、ホログラムとして機能しない干
渉波が記録されているのみである。逆に、溶媒が基板近
傍部まで充分に浸透したのでは基板からの感材層が剥離
しやすくなり、面に垂直方向への膨潤・収縮すらもでき
ない。従って、基板界面近傍には必然的にレーザー干渉
波が記録されていながらも、ホログラム格子形成に至ら
なかった層が残る訳である。The light-sensitive material layer supported and fixed on the transparent substrate is evenly irradiated with laser light and the interference wave is recorded, but when the solvent swells / shrinks, the solvent penetrates sufficiently into the vicinity of the substrate. Since no hologram is formed in the vicinity of the substrate, that is, only interference waves that do not function as holograms are recorded. Conversely, if the solvent has sufficiently penetrated into the vicinity of the substrate, the light-sensitive material layer tends to peel off from the substrate, and even swelling and shrinking in the direction perpendicular to the surface cannot be performed. Therefore, a layer in which a hologram grating is not formed remains even though a laser interference wave is inevitably recorded near the substrate interface.
本発明は、上記界面近傍層を利用し、従前のブラッグ
格子に加えて異なるブラッグ格子を形成させることによ
り、記録層の厚さ方向に異なる回折ピークを有する体積
位相型ホログラムが提供される。The present invention provides a volume phase hologram having different diffraction peaks in the thickness direction of the recording layer by forming a different Bragg grating in addition to the conventional Bragg grating by using the above-described interface near layer.
(好ましい実施態様) 次に好ましい実施態様を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説
明する。(Preferred Embodiment) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments.
本発明において最初の現像処理までは従来公知の方法
に従って行われる。すなわち、ガラス板やプラスチック
フイルムの如き適当な透明基材上にホログラム記録層を
形成してホログラム記録媒体とする。In the present invention, up to the first development processing is performed according to a conventionally known method. That is, a hologram recording layer is formed on an appropriate transparent base material such as a glass plate or a plastic film to obtain a hologram recording medium.
形成した記録媒体に常法に従って560nm迄のコヒーレ
ントな可視光である物体光と参照光の2光束の可干渉性
レーザーを用いて第1図示の如き光学系で露光を行う。The formed recording medium is exposed by an optical system as shown in FIG. 1 using a coherent laser of two light beams of object light and reference light, which are coherent visible light up to 560 nm, in a conventional manner.
露光工程に続いて溶媒中に浸漬して、記録層中から未
反応のハロゲン化合物(増感剤)のみを溶出除去して着
色を除く。尚、この工程は膨潤工程を兼ねることができ
る。続いて常法に従って第一次の膨潤及び収縮処理を行
って第一次の現像を行う。この状態では第2図Aに模式
的に示す様に基板近傍では記録された干渉縞は未現像の
まま残っている。Following the exposure step, the recording layer is immersed in a solvent to elute and remove only unreacted halogen compounds (sensitizers) from the recording layer to remove coloring. This step can also serve as a swelling step. Subsequently, a primary swelling and shrinking treatment is performed according to a conventional method to perform a primary development. In this state, the interference fringes recorded near the substrate remain undeveloped as schematically shown in FIG. 2A.
本発明では上記の如くして得られた体積位相型ホログ
ラムの記録層を透明基板から一旦剥離する。剥離方法は
記録層を侵さない溶媒中に浸漬して行う。透明基板の種
類によっては透明基板を溶解除去する等、記録層を損傷
させない方法であればいずれの方法でもよい。続いて記
録層のフィルムを剥離して、基板に接していた面を外側
にして基板に再固定する(第2図B)。In the present invention, the recording layer of the volume phase hologram obtained as described above is once separated from the transparent substrate. The peeling method is performed by immersing the recording layer in a solvent that does not attack the recording layer. Depending on the type of the transparent substrate, any method may be used as long as it does not damage the recording layer, such as dissolving and removing the transparent substrate. Subsequently, the film of the recording layer is peeled off, and re-fixed to the substrate with the surface in contact with the substrate facing outward (FIG. 2B).
この固定に際しては必要に応じて、エポキシ、ウレタ
ン、α−シアノアクリレート系等の如く、透明且つ記録
層を損傷しない接着剤を用いてもよい。At this time, if necessary, an adhesive such as epoxy, urethane, α-cyanoacrylate, etc., which is transparent and does not damage the recording layer may be used.
次いで行う第二次現像処理は第一次の膨潤及び収縮処
理と同様であるが、膨潤及び収縮の条件、特に膨潤条件
を変化させて行うことが必要である。例えば、前記第一
次膨潤よりも膨潤力の大きな溶媒、同一溶媒であっても
より高温にしたり、長時間処理することによって、前記
第一次現像によって得られた回折格子よりも長波長の光
を回折する新たな格子を形成できる。又、第一次膨潤処
理よりも弱い力で膨潤させた場合には第一次格子よりも
短波長の光を回折する格子を形成することができる(第
2図C)。The subsequent secondary development process is the same as the primary swelling and shrinking process, but it is necessary to change the swelling and shrinking conditions, particularly the swelling conditions. For example, a solvent having a larger swelling power than the primary swelling, a higher temperature even with the same solvent, or by treating for a long time, a light having a longer wavelength than the diffraction grating obtained by the primary development. A new grating that diffracts the light. Further, when swelling is performed with a weaker force than the primary swelling treatment, a grating that diffracts light having a shorter wavelength than the primary grating can be formed (FIG. 2C).
例えば、アルゴン488nmで露光した後、第一次の現像
をキシレン20℃で行い490nmにピークを設定し、更に第
二次現像を30℃で行うことによって、約50nm長波長側に
別の回折ピースを設定することができる。上記において
は、収縮処理は全く同一でもよいが、更にこれに溶媒に
よる効果を組合せることによって約150nm程度のシフト
は可能である。For example, after exposure with argon at 488 nm, the first development is performed at 20 ° C. in xylene, a peak is set at 490 nm, and the second development is performed at 30 ° C., so that another diffraction piece is obtained at a longer wavelength side of about 50 nm. Can be set. In the above, the shrinkage treatment may be exactly the same, but a shift of about 150 nm is possible by further combining this with the effect of the solvent.
本発明に用いうるホログラム感光材料として、PVCzが
好適に用いることができる。本発明の工程中では記録層
はフィルムとして扱うことが要求される。従って、好ま
しくはフイルムとしての強度をもたせるためには、分子
量100万以上のPVCzを用いるのが好ましい。As a hologram photosensitive material that can be used in the present invention, PVCz can be suitably used. In the process of the present invention, the recording layer is required to be handled as a film. Therefore, it is preferable to use PVCz having a molecular weight of 1,000,000 or more, preferably in order to impart strength as a film.
(効果) 以上の如き本発明にれば、常法に従って露光及び現像
後、記録層を基板から剥離し、基板に接していた記録層
の面を上記の条件とは異なる条件で現像処理することに
よって、記録層の厚さ方向に異なる2つの回折ピークを
有する干渉縞パターンが記録された体積位相型ホログラ
ムが提供される。(Effects) According to the present invention as described above, after exposure and development according to a conventional method, the recording layer is separated from the substrate, and the surface of the recording layer in contact with the substrate is subjected to development processing under conditions different from the above conditions. Accordingly, a volume phase hologram in which an interference fringe pattern having two different diffraction peaks in the thickness direction of the recording layer is recorded is provided.
従って、一枚のホログラムで2波長の反射回折を行う
ために要求される露光時の照明光の入射角の変更や記録
媒体の角度の変更という問題が解決され、更に2枚のホ
ログラムを貼り合せた場合に生じる種々の問題、例え
ば、貼り合せ界面での光の散乱、厚み、重量等の問題を
解決することができる。Therefore, the problem of changing the incident angle of the illumination light at the time of exposure and changing the angle of the recording medium required for performing reflection and diffraction of two wavelengths with one hologram is solved. Can be solved, for example, problems such as scattering of light at a bonding interface, thickness, and weight.
(実施例) 次に実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明する。(Examples) Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
実施例1 重量平均分子量152万及び分子量分布1.48のPVCz2.5g
及び四沃素炭素をクロルベンゼンに暗所で溶解し、洗浄
したガラス板上にスピナー(協和セミコンダクター製)
を用いて塗工及び乾燥して7.2μmの記録層を形成し
た。この記録層をArレーザー(488nm)を用いる第1図
に示した光学系で露光してホログラムを記録した。Example 1 2.5 g of PVCz having a weight average molecular weight of 1.52 million and a molecular weight distribution of 1.48
And carbon tetraiodine dissolved in chlorobenzene in a dark place and spinner (Kyowa Semiconductor) on a washed glass plate
Was applied and dried to form a 7.2 μm recording layer. The recording layer was exposed to an optical system shown in FIG. 1 using an Ar laser (488 nm) to record a hologram.
露光後、35℃のトルエンに2分間、35℃のキシレンに
2分間浸漬し、更に20℃のヘプタンに2分間浸漬処理後
乾燥させて体積位相型ホログラムを得た。After exposure, the film was immersed in toluene at 35 ° C. for 2 minutes and xylene at 35 ° C. for 2 minutes, immersed in heptane at 20 ° C. for 2 minutes, and dried to obtain a volume phase hologram.
これを水中に30分間放置することにより、体積型ホロ
グラムフイルムが基板から剥離した。JISK−6768に従っ
て測定した表面張力が40dyne/cmであるポリエステルフ
イルムで、ホログラムフイルムのガラス基板と接してい
た面がポリエステルフイルムと接するように水中からす
くい取り乾燥させた。By leaving this in water for 30 minutes, the volume hologram film was separated from the substrate. With a polyester film having a surface tension of 40 dyne / cm measured according to JISK-6768, the hologram film was scooped from water and dried so that the surface in contact with the glass substrate was in contact with the polyester film.
次にエポキシ接着剤を塗布したガラス板にこれを張り
合せて接着乾燥させた後、30℃のトルエンに1分間、30
℃のキシレンに1分間、そして20℃のヘキサンに1分間
浸漬後乾燥させて本発明の体積位相型ホログラムを得
た。Next, this was adhered to a glass plate coated with an epoxy adhesive and dried by adhesion.
It was immersed in xylene at 20 ° C. for 1 minute and then in hexane at 20 ° C. for 1 minute and then dried to obtain a volume phase hologram of the present invention.
上記ホログラムの反射回折効率を測定したところ、52
0nmに83%及び490nmに42%の回折効率を示した。When the reflection diffraction efficiency of the hologram was measured,
It showed a diffraction efficiency of 83% at 0 nm and 42% at 490 nm.
実施例2 実施例1と同様の記録媒体に露光後、30℃のトルエン
に2分間、30℃のキシレンに2分間浸漬し、更に18℃の
ヘキサンに2分間浸漬処理後乾燥させて体積位相型ホロ
グラムを得た。このホログラムは最大回折効率を495nm
に示し、回折ピークの幅は23nmであり、透過率は83%で
あった。Example 2 After exposing to the same recording medium as in Example 1, immersing in toluene at 30 ° C. for 2 minutes and xylene at 30 ° C. for 2 minutes, further immersing in hexane at 18 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then drying, the volume phase type A hologram was obtained. This hologram has a maximum diffraction efficiency of 495nm
The width of the diffraction peak was 23 nm, and the transmittance was 83%.
これを実施例1と同様にしてフイルムの剥離及び再固
定を行った。これを35℃のジオキサンに1分間、15℃の
エチルエーテルに1分間浸漬後乾燥させて本発明の体積
位相型ホログラムを得た。The film was peeled and re-fixed in the same manner as in Example 1. This was immersed in dioxane at 35 ° C. for 1 minute and in ethyl ether at 15 ° C. for 1 minute and dried to obtain a volume phase hologram of the present invention.
上記ホログラムの反射回折効率を測定したところ、49
5nmに78%及び590nmに52%の回折ピークを有していた。When the reflection diffraction efficiency of the hologram was measured, 49
It had 78% diffraction peaks at 5 nm and 52% at 590 nm.
第1図は実施例で用いたホログラム記録光学系を示し、
第2図は本発明の方法を図解的に示す図である。FIG. 1 shows a hologram recording optical system used in the embodiment,
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the method of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 桑山 哲郎 東京都大田区下丸子3丁目30番2号 キ ヤノン株式会社内 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) G03H 1/00────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuro Kuwayama 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) G03H 1/00
Claims (2)
光して干渉縞パターンを記録し、該記録層を有機溶媒に
より膨潤及び収縮させる現像を行った後、該記録層を基
板から剥離し、基板と接触していた面を前記現像条件と
は異なる条件で有機溶媒によって膨潤及び収縮させて現
像することを特徴とする体積位相型ホログラムの製造方
法。1. A hologram recording layer formed on a substrate is exposed to light to record an interference fringe pattern, and the recording layer is developed and swelled and shrunk with an organic solvent. A method for producing a volume phase hologram, comprising swelling and shrinking a surface which has been in contact with a substrate with an organic solvent under conditions different from the developing conditions and developing the hologram.
ル)を含む請求項1に記載の体積位相型ホログラムの製
造方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the recording layer contains poly (N-vinylcarbazole).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17389488A JP2774509B2 (en) | 1988-07-14 | 1988-07-14 | Method for producing volume phase hologram |
DE68928830T DE68928830T2 (en) | 1988-07-06 | 1989-07-05 | Volume hologram and method of making the same |
EP89112291A EP0350014B1 (en) | 1988-07-06 | 1989-07-05 | Volume phase type hologram and method of manufacture thereof |
US07/376,745 US5231520A (en) | 1988-07-06 | 1989-07-06 | Volume phase type hologram and method of manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17389488A JP2774509B2 (en) | 1988-07-14 | 1988-07-14 | Method for producing volume phase hologram |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0224691A JPH0224691A (en) | 1990-01-26 |
JP2774509B2 true JP2774509B2 (en) | 1998-07-09 |
Family
ID=15969067
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP17389488A Expired - Fee Related JP2774509B2 (en) | 1988-07-06 | 1988-07-14 | Method for producing volume phase hologram |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2774509B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0728652B1 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 2003-05-14 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a steering wheel and steering wheel manufactured according to this method |
DE69612785T2 (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 2001-11-15 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Steering wheel with an airbag device |
JP3633050B2 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 2005-03-30 | 豊田合成株式会社 | Steering wheel mounting structure |
JPH09123919A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-05-13 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Mounting structure for steering wheel |
EP0788935A3 (en) * | 1995-09-06 | 1998-07-29 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Mounting structure for steering wheel |
-
1988
- 1988-07-14 JP JP17389488A patent/JP2774509B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0224691A (en) | 1990-01-26 |
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