JP2016066788A - 半導体膜の評価方法および半導体装置の作製方法 - Google Patents
半導体膜の評価方法および半導体装置の作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】絶縁膜と、半導体膜と、導電膜と、を有し、半導体膜は、絶縁膜を介して、半導体膜と導電膜とが互いに重なる領域を有し、絶縁膜形成後にプラズマ処理を行い、プラズマ処理後、マイクロ波光導電減衰法により半導体膜のマイクロ波の反射率のピーク値を求めて半導体膜中の水素濃度を見積もることを特徴とする半導体装置の半導体膜の評価方法である。
【選択図】図1
Description
以下に、半導体膜上に設ける絶縁膜の面内ばらつきを抑制する方法について説明する。
まず、成膜装置について図を用いて説明する。
また、半導体膜に接する絶縁膜中の窒素酸化物(以下、NOxと表記する(x=0より大きく2以下、好ましくは1以上2以下))の含有量が多いと、絶縁膜と半導体膜の界面におけるキャリアのトラップが増大し、トランジスタのしきい値電圧のシフトが大きくなり、トランジスタの電気特性の変動が大きくなってしまう。つまり、絶縁膜中のNOxは、絶縁膜中において欠陥となる。NOx起因の欠陥は、ESR測定において、NOx起因のシグナルのスピン密度として測定することができる。NOx起因のスピン密度を低減するためには、絶縁膜を薄く(成膜時間を短くする)ことが有効であるが半導体膜中のVoH起因のスピン密度が増大してしまう。
マイクロ波光導電減衰法について図を用いて説明する。
ワイドギャップ半導体は、シリコンなどと比べてエネルギーギャップが大きい半導体である。具体的には、エネルギーギャップが2eV以上5eV以下、2.2eV以上4.6eV以下、特に2.5eV以上4.0eV以下の半導体を指す。
以下では、酸化物半導体の構造について説明する。
まずは、CAAC−OSについて説明する。なお、CAAC−OSを、CANC(C−Axis Aligned nanocrystals)を有する酸化物半導体と呼ぶこともできる。
次に、微結晶酸化物半導体について説明する。
次に、非晶質酸化物半導体について説明する。
なお、酸化物半導体は、nc−OSと非晶質酸化物半導体との間の構造を有する場合がある。そのような構造を有する酸化物半導体を、特に非晶質ライク酸化物半導体(a−like OS:amorphous−like Oxide Semiconductor)と呼ぶ。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係るトランジスタについて説明する。
図9(A)および図9(B)は、本発明の一態様のトランジスタの上面図および断面図である。図9(A)は上面図であり、図9(B)は、図9(A)に示す一点鎖線A1−A2、および一点鎖線A3−A4に対応する断面図である。なお、図9(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係る図9に示したトランジスタの作製方法を図16、図17および図18を用いて説明する。なお、ここでは、理解を容易にするため、導電膜513、層509aおよび層509bを形成しない例を示す。また、図9では、半導体膜506a、半導体膜506bおよび半導体膜506cの積層構造を有する例を示しているが、ここではそれらに代えて半導体膜506単層を有する例を示す。
ところが、評価の条件によっては、励起光530の照射によって半導体膜506が変質する場合がある。したがって、励起光530は、半導体膜506のチャネル形成領域となる領域を避けて照射することが好ましい。また、予め決められた領域に対し、基板500面内の複数個所で同様の評価を行っても構わない。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置を例示する。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係るトランジスタを利用した回路の一例について説明する。
図19(A)に示す回路図は、pチャネル型のトランジスタ2200とnチャネル型のトランジスタ2100を直列に接続し、かつそれぞれのゲートを接続した、いわゆるCMOSインバータ回路の構成を示している。
図20は、図19(A)に対応する半導体装置の断面図である。図20に示す半導体装置は、トランジスタ2200と、トランジスタ2100と、を有する。また、トランジスタ2100は、トランジスタ2200の上方に配置する。なお、トランジスタ2100として、図9に示したトランジスタを用いた例を示しているが、本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置は、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、図11、図12または図13に示したトランジスタなどを、トランジスタ2100として用いても構わない。よって、トランジスタ2100については、適宜上述したトランジスタについての記載を参酌する。
また、図19(B)に示す回路図は、トランジスタ2100とトランジスタ2200のそれぞれのソースとドレインを接続した構成を示している。このような構成とすることで、いわゆるCMOSアナログスイッチとして機能させることができる。
本発明の一態様に係るトランジスタを用いた、電力が供給されない状況でも記憶内容の保持が可能で、かつ、書き込み回数にも制限が無い半導体装置(記憶装置)の一例を図23に示す。
図24は、図23(A)に対応する半導体装置の断面図である。図24に示す半導体装置は、トランジスタ3200と、トランジスタ3300と、容量素子3400と、を有する。また、トランジスタ3300および容量素子3400は、トランジスタ3200の上方に配置する。なお、トランジスタ3300としては、上述したトランジスタ2100についての記載を参照する。また、トランジスタ3200としては、図20に示したトランジスタ2200についての記載を参照する。なお、図20では、トランジスタ2200がpチャネル型トランジスタである場合について説明したが、トランジスタ3200がnチャネル型トランジスタであっても構わない。
図23(B)に示す半導体装置は、トランジスタ3200を有さない点で図23(A)に示した半導体装置と異なる。この場合も図23(A)に示した半導体装置と同様の動作により情報の書き込みおよび保持動作が可能である。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係る撮像装置について説明する。
図27(A)は、本発明の一態様に係る撮像装置200の構成例を示す平面図である。撮像装置200は、画素部210と、画素部210を駆動するための周辺回路260と、周辺回路270、周辺回路280と、周辺回路290と、を有する。画素部210は、p行q列(pおよびqは2以上の整数)のマトリクス状に配置された複数の画素211を有する。周辺回路260、周辺回路270、周辺回路280および周辺回路290は、それぞれ複数の画素211に接続し、複数の画素211を駆動するための信号を供給する機能を有する。なお、本明細書等において、周辺回路260、周辺回路270、周辺回路280および周辺回路290などの全てを指して「周辺回路」または「駆動回路」と呼ぶ場合がある。例えば、周辺回路260は周辺回路の一部といえる。
撮像装置200が有する1つの画素211を複数の副画素212で構成し、それぞれの副画素212に特定の波長帯域の光を透過するフィルタ(カラーフィルタ)を組み合わせることで、カラー画像表示を実現するための情報を取得することができる。
以下では、シリコンを用いたトランジスタと、酸化物半導体を用いたトランジスタと、を用いて画素を構成する一例について説明する。
以下では、上述したトランジスタや上述した記憶装置などの半導体装置を含むCPUについて説明する。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係る表示装置について、図34および図35を用いて説明する。
本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置は、表示機器、パーソナルコンピュータ、記録媒体を備えた画像再生装置(代表的にはDVD:Digital Versatile Disc等の記録媒体を再生し、その画像を表示しうるディスプレイを有する装置)に用いることができる。その他に、本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置を用いることができる電子機器として、携帯電話、携帯型を含むゲーム機、携帯データ端末、電子書籍端末、ビデオカメラ、デジタルスチルカメラ等のカメラ、ゴーグル型ディスプレイ(ヘッドマウントディスプレイ)、ナビゲーションシステム、音響再生装置(カーオーディオ、デジタルオーディオプレイヤー等)、複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンタ、プリンタ複合機、現金自動預け入れ払い機(ATM)、自動販売機などが挙げられる。これら電子機器の具体例を図36に示す。
101 上部電極
102 シャワー板
103 下部電極
104 支持台
105 基板
200 撮像装置
201 スイッチ
202 スイッチ
203 スイッチ
210 画素部
211 画素
212 副画素
212B 副画素
212G 副画素
212R 副画素
220 光電変換素子
230 画素回路
231 配線
247 配線
248 配線
249 配線
250 配線
253 配線
254 フィルタ
254B フィルタ
254G フィルタ
254R フィルタ
255 レンズ
256 光
257 配線
260 周辺回路
270 周辺回路
280 周辺回路
290 周辺回路
291 光源
301 パルスレーザ発振器
302 マイクロ波発振器
303 方向性結合器
305 導波管
305a 導波管
305b 導波管
306 ミキサー
307 信号処理装置
310 スペーサ
311 試料ステージ
313 ミラー
314 レンズ
315 位相器
320 試料
320a 半導体膜
320b 基板
400 シリコン基板
410 層
420 層
430 層
440 層
451 トランジスタ
452 トランジスタ
453 トランジスタ
460 フォトダイオード
461 アノード
463 低抵抗領域
470 プラグ
471 配線
472 配線
473 配線
480 絶縁膜
500 基板
501 絶縁膜
502 絶縁膜
504 導電膜
506 半導体膜
506a 半導体膜
506b 半導体膜
506c 半導体膜
508 絶縁膜
509a 層
509b 層
512 絶縁膜
513 導電膜
514 導電膜
516a 導電膜
516b 導電膜
518 絶縁膜
523a 低抵抗領域
523b 低抵抗領域
524a 導電膜
524b 導電膜
526a 導電膜
526b 導電膜
528 絶縁膜
530 励起光
532 絶縁膜
550 半導体基板
552 絶縁膜
554 導電膜
556 領域
560 領域
562 絶縁膜
564 絶縁膜
566 絶縁膜
568 絶縁膜
572a 領域
572b 領域
574a 導電膜
574b 導電膜
574c 導電膜
576a 導電膜
576b 導電膜
578a 導電膜
578b 導電膜
578c 導電膜
580a 導電膜
580b 導電膜
580c 導電膜
590 絶縁膜
592 絶縁膜
594 絶縁膜
596a 導電膜
596b 導電膜
596c 導電膜
596d 導電膜
598a 導電膜
598b 導電膜
598c 導電膜
598d 導電膜
600 基板
604 導電膜
606a 半導体膜
606b 半導体膜
606c 半導体膜
609a 層
609b 層
612 絶縁膜
613 導電膜
616a 導電膜
616b 導電膜
618 絶縁膜
620 絶縁膜
700 基板
704a 導電膜
704b 導電膜
706 半導体膜
712a 絶縁膜
712b 絶縁膜
714a 導電膜
714b 導電膜
716a 導電膜
716b 導電膜
718a 絶縁膜
718b 絶縁膜
718c 絶縁膜
719 発光素子
720 絶縁膜
721 絶縁膜
731 端子
732 FPC
733a 配線
734 シール材
735 駆動回路
736 駆動回路
737 画素
741 トランジスタ
742 容量素子
743 スイッチ素子
744 信号線
750 基板
751 トランジスタ
752 容量素子
753 液晶素子
754 走査線
755 信号線
781 導電膜
782 発光層
783 導電膜
784 隔壁
791 導電膜
792 絶縁膜
793 液晶層
794 絶縁膜
795 スペーサ
796 導電膜
797 基板
901 筐体
902 筐体
903 表示部
904 表示部
905 マイクロフォン
906 スピーカー
907 操作キー
908 スタイラス
911 筐体
912 筐体
913 表示部
914 表示部
915 接続部
916 操作キー
921 筐体
922 表示部
923 キーボード
924 ポインティングデバイス
931 筐体
932 冷蔵室用扉
933 冷凍室用扉
941 筐体
942 筐体
943 表示部
944 操作キー
945 レンズ
946 接続部
951 車体
952 車輪
953 ダッシュボード
954 ライト
1189 ROMインターフェース
1190 基板
1191 ALU
1192 ALUコントローラ
1193 インストラクションデコーダ
1194 インタラプトコントローラ
1195 タイミングコントローラ
1196 レジスタ
1197 レジスタコントローラ
1198 バスインターフェース
1199 ROM
1200 記憶素子
1201 回路
1202 回路
1203 スイッチ
1204 スイッチ
1206 論理素子
1207 容量素子
1208 容量素子
1209 トランジスタ
1210 トランジスタ
1213 トランジスタ
1214 トランジスタ
1220 回路
2100 トランジスタ
2200 トランジスタ
3001 配線
3002 配線
3003 配線
3004 配線
3005 配線
3200 トランジスタ
3300 トランジスタ
3400 容量素子
5120 基板
5161 領域
Claims (6)
- 絶縁膜と、半導体膜と、導電膜と、を有する半導体装置において、
前記半導体膜は、前記絶縁膜を介して、前記半導体膜と前記導電膜とが互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記絶縁膜形成後にプラズマ処理を行い、
前記プラズマ処理後、マイクロ波光導電減衰法により前記半導体膜のマイクロ波の反射率のピーク値を求めて前記半導体膜中の水素濃度を見積もることを特徴とする半導体装置の半導体膜の評価方法。 - 請求項1において、
前記マイクロ波光導電減衰法は、波長が349nm以下の励起光を用いることを特徴とする半導体膜の評価方法。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
前記半導体膜は、インジウム、亜鉛および元素M(元素Mはアルミニウム、ガリウム、イットリウムまたはスズ)から選ばれた一種以上を有する酸化物を有することを特徴とする半導体膜の評価方法。 - 半導体膜を形成し、
前記半導体膜上に絶縁膜を形成し、
前記絶縁膜に対してプラズマ処理を行い、
前記絶縁膜上に導電膜を形成し、
前記プラズマ処理は、90秒以上180秒未満行うことを特徴とする半導体装置の作製方法。 - 請求項4において、
前記プラズマ処理は、酸素を含むガスを用いることを特徴とする半導体装置の作製方法。 - 請求項4または請求項6において、
前記半導体膜は、インジウム、亜鉛および元素M(元素Mはアルミニウム、ガリウム、イットリウムまたはスズ)から選ばれた一種以上を有する酸化物を有することを特徴とする半導体装置の作製方法。
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