EP2562424B1 - Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide - Google Patents

Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2562424B1
EP2562424B1 EP12382344.5A EP12382344A EP2562424B1 EP 2562424 B1 EP2562424 B1 EP 2562424B1 EP 12382344 A EP12382344 A EP 12382344A EP 2562424 B1 EP2562424 B1 EP 2562424B1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
pump
point
consumption
demand
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EP12382344.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2562424A2 (fr
EP2562424A3 (fr
Inventor
Gabriel Alejandro Bica Caffera
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Gidelmar SA
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Gidelmar SA
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Priority to EP12382344.5A priority patent/EP2562424B1/fr
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Publication of EP2562424A3 publication Critical patent/EP2562424A3/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling a multipoint fluid distribution system and particularly to a method which comprises controlling the fluid supply pressure for a plurality of consumption points which may require different supply pressures.
  • the present invention comprises a piece of control equipment suitable for implementing the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the invention provides an intelligent strategy which enables automatically adapting the operating conditions of a centrifugal pump and adjusting its performance to the various needs of different consumption points (variable demand), offering an adequate pressure at all times to said consumption point or points and further allowing an optimised use of water and energy resources.
  • Some prior inventions disclose systems and/or methods for pressurising or controlling water pumps.
  • US2005095150A1 describes a centrifugal multi-stage pump including a microcontroller implementing a series of algorithms for controlling the pump operation by varying the rotating speed of its motor depending on the various parameters, such as the discharge height, the rotating speed of the motor of the pump, the supply pressure and the presence or absence of supply, temperature, etc.
  • US646446 B2 relates to a controller for controlling operating parameters, such as the flow, speed or pressure of a centrifugal pump including a memory where data indicative of one or more operating conditions are recorded, one or more sensors fixed to the pump for detecting an operating condition and generating a signal indicative of same and a processor running an algorithm using the recorded data and the signal generated by the sensor to in turn generate a control signal representative of a correction factor to be applied to the pump which is, for example, relative to a variation in the rotating speed of the motor of the pump.
  • operating parameters such as the flow, speed or pressure of a centrifugal pump
  • a controller for controlling operating parameters, such as the flow, speed or pressure of a centrifugal pump including a memory where data indicative of one or more operating conditions are recorded, one or more sensors fixed to the pump for detecting an operating condition and generating a signal indicative of same and a processor running an algorithm using the recorded data and the signal generated by the sensor to in turn generate a control signal representative of a correction factor to be applied to the
  • EP1286240B1 describes a method for obtaining a curve of discharge height versus flow rate [Hinstalation(Q)] or electric consumption versus flow rate [Pinstalation(Q)] descriptive of the setpoint values of an installation for regulating the pumping capacity of a pump actuated by an electric motor the rotating speed of which is regulated, wherein a physical magnitude representative of the momentary pumping capacity of the pump is detected by means of a differential pressure sensor installed at the consumption point and a controller with an electric signal proportional to that physical magnitude is input as an actual value by means of which controller the rotating speed of the electric motor and thus the pumping capacity of the pump is regulated with the help of the curve descriptive of the setpoint values of the installation.
  • EP1286240B1 proposes obtaining the curve descriptive of the setpoint values which takes into consideration, at least by sections, the installation losses depending on the pumped flow rate by means of the opening of one or more consumption point every time, the detection of a functional service parameter of the consumption point, the momentary pump power variation until the consumer service parameter acquires a pre-set value and the obtainment of a pair of pump parameters which is representative of the momentary pumping capacity of the pump (such as H and Q or P and Q) at the time in which said pre-set value is acquired and the storage of those values.
  • a function is calculated by means of a mathematical curve plotting method from the saved values of the pair of pump parameters and that function is stored as a [Hinstalation(Q)] curve descriptive of the setpoint values of the installation.
  • US 5540555 describes a multipoint fluid distribution system which at least includes a primary pump and a variable speed secondary pump by means of which the fluid supply pressure for a plurality of consumption points requiring different supply pressures taken as setpoint pressures for said control is controlled and which includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in part of or in all said consumption points for remotely measuring the supply pressure and varying the values of the setpoint pressures depending on the measured pressures, varying the speed of the secondary pump depending on said setpoint pressure values.
  • the invention provides an alternative to the mentioned state of the art by means of an intelligent distribution system which allows adapting the operating condition and the performances offered by a centrifugal pump to the needs of demand at all times offering an suitable pressure according to the geometrical origin of the consumption point and allowing facilitating the user to modify (within pre-established margins) the supply conditions by selecting a specific performance level.
  • the objective of the invention is to achieve, by means of the method, a pumping control system and a centrifugal pump proposed to achieve a saving in pumped fluid and power when the centrifugal pump works in a minimum operating conditions suitable for providing sufficient pressure in the consumption points, thereby increasing the durability of the pumping installation.
  • a method for controlling a multipoint fluid distribution system which according to the prior art comprises:
  • said point of the distribution system where the mentioned pressure measurement is performed is a point previous to said consumption points through which the pumped fluid directed towards said consumption points flows and it is a preferably a point inside the pump or contiguous thereto, for example located in a discharge conduit close to same.
  • the method of the invention comprises performing the following steps in sequence:
  • Said variation of pump rotating speed of step b) will be an increase in speed if the measured pressure values (Pi) are below an initial setpoint pressure, or a decrease in said speed if said measured pressure values (Pi) are above said initial setpoint pressure.
  • said mathematical function descriptive of a curve of demand includes an opening constant of the consumption point as one of the mentioned coefficients, and the mentioned curve of demand refers to at least one opening constant per consumption point.
  • the method envisages calculating each of said flow rate values of step c) from the corresponding measured pressure value (Pi) and from a characteristic pump curve selected from a plurality of known characteristic pump curves previously recorded in the system (stored for example in a non-volatile, accessible memory), one per rotating speed, relating discharge height with flow rate,.
  • a proposal is made to use several bundles or sets of characteristic pump curves corresponding to different working conditions of said pump, including at least the temperature of the drive motor of the pump and operating time of the pump recorded in the system (also stored in an accessible memory). More precise and reliable flow rate calculations are thus achieved since they correspond with the operating situation of the pump at all times during its entire operation.
  • the features of the centrifugal pump will thus be input by means of a set of characteristic curves at different speeds and at different temperatures of the pump acquired in a laboratory.
  • the data can be input as a polynomial or as a point matrix. In the latter case linear or quadratic interpolations will be performed between the data to enable knowing any point of the curve.
  • the method comprises performing at least said steps a) to e) for locating two or more of said consumption points of the step d) in a different location.
  • the method comprises determining that said drop in pressure has been caused by one of the following reasons:
  • step c) a new curve of demand is determined from the coefficients of at least the previous curve of demand and the difference of the flow rates calculated in the new situation, from the successive readings of the pressure values in said previous point. If there were already two previous curves of demand obtained from previous situations of applying the method, the coefficients of said previously known two curves of demand would be taken into consideration, in addition to the difference in the flow rates calculated in the new situation with respect to the immediate preceding situation.
  • the method further envisages applying a correction to the location of the consumption point determined in step d), said correction comprising the consumption intensity measurement of the pump at all times and using known characteristic power curves of consumption /flow rate of the pump previously stored in the system.
  • said correction is only applied when the calculated flow rate values are below a predetermined threshold value, i.e., for flow rate values less than 1500 l/h, for example.
  • the invention also provides a piece of control equipment for controlling a multipoint fluid distribution system which provides fluid to a plurality of consumption points requiring different supply pressures, the control system comprising, according to a known structure, the following elements:
  • control equipment for implementing the proposed method described above and for such purpose the point of the distribution system where the pressure sensor is arranged is a point (advantageously inside the pump or contiguous thereto) previous to said consumption points through which the fluid directed to at least part of said consumption points flows, and the control system comprises at least one memory where the following are recorded:
  • control means include processing means, they have access to the values recorded in said memory and are configured for:
  • Figure 4 is a graph illustrating, in a diagram, flow rate/ time in different characterised consumption points of a dwelling: 19 (sink: 20a hot water, 20b cold water); 21 (wash basin), 22 (shower), 23 (taps), (24) bidet, 25 (WC), observing the disparity of the supply conditions that they require.
  • a proposal is made to use a centrifugal pump with a brushless DC type synchronous motor (although it is possible to use an alternating current motor) for the purpose of knowing the speed accurately and preventing the sliding of the motor from affecting the calculations to be made by computational means (for example a microcontroller integrated in a card).
  • the pressure sensor used is a digital transducer calibrated at different temperatures and with a 14 bit analogue/digital converter, for the purpose of obtaining sufficient resolution.
  • Tests have been carried out with a centrifugal pump with a check valve in the suction for facilitating precise pressure reading of the installation.
  • the proposed system is designed for a home pressure system of a single family dwelling and applied in a pump and frequency variator assembly for meeting the needs of such dwelling.
  • this concept is completely applicable, and even more appealing economically speaking, if its application is considered in the pressure system of a building with many floors where the differences between the maximum pressure required for the top floor and that required for lower floors are greater.
  • the proposed control system is also applicable to any industrial distribution system with a frequency variator which requires operating at different objective pressures automatically without the need for additional auxiliary elements or a costly installation.
  • Figure 2 shows the characteristic curve 11a of a centrifugal pump at a fixed frequency.
  • This characteristic curve relates the flow rate (Q) and the pressure (H):
  • H Q a ⁇ 1 ⁇ Q 3 + b ⁇ 1 ⁇ Q 2 + c ⁇ 1 ⁇ Q + d ⁇ 1 mca
  • H a ⁇ 2 ⁇ H 3 + b ⁇ 2 ⁇ H 2 + c ⁇ 2 ⁇ H + d ⁇ 2 m 3 / h
  • n ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0 ... ... actuai maximum 50 ⁇ Hz
  • Q 1 a ⁇ H 1 n 2 3 + b ⁇ H 1 n 2 2 + c ⁇ H 1 n 2 + d
  • the system With the control methods of a current constant pressure system, the system is able to work at the optimum pressure required according to the geometric origin 12 of the consumption point.
  • the origin detection method becomes complex when simultaneity situations arise between points of the same or different floors, which requires the definition of a more complex monitoring and control protocol, according to the method explained above and illustrated in Figure 3 for obtaining the curve 18 from curves of demand 16, 17 of two different consumption points.
  • the system With the possibility of detecting the consumption point 12 even in simultaneity situations, the system provides optimum performance in any possible demand situation.
  • the user can apply a correction coefficient to the desired pressure in the consumption point involving a positive or negative increase in said pressure, introducing for such purpose a correcting factor (within of a specified range) which will be taken into account in the future for calculating the subsequent curves of consumption.
  • Characterising a consumption point involves knowing its curve of demand, i.e., the flow rate provided for each pressure value.
  • the set of points can be taken both in ascending as descending direction. Therefore, when the pressure is below the setpoint the points will be taken in an ascending manner (from lower to higher speed and pressure) and when the pressure is above the setpoint they will be taken in a descending manner (from higher to lower speed and pressure).
  • the precision obtained will depend greatly on the number of points used. This depends both on the acceleration (the slower the variations the better) and on the range of variation of the points (the wider the better) having to adopt a compromise that assures comfort.
  • the calculated flow rate is different from that provided (greater or lesser), it means that the consumption points have changed and performing a new regression is necessary, but taking the flow rate variation with respect to that provided (Q c -Q p ) as data for the purpose of knowing the contribution of the new consumption point. If any consumption point (lower flow rate) has been closed, this variation will be negative, and the resulting negative k will be indicative of this decrease.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Une méthode pour contrôler un système de distribution de fluide multipoint qui comprend :
    le réglage des conditions de fonctionnement du moteur d'une pompe centrifuge du système de distribution en déterminant une pression de distribution de fluide pour approvisionner un grand nombre de points de consommation pouvant exiger différentes pressions de distribution prises en tant que pressions de consigne de pompage, et
    la mesure de la pression de distribution, sur au moins un point dudit système de distribution de fluide et en variant les valeurs desdites pressions de consigne dépendant de la pression mesurée, où ledit point du système de distribution où ladite mesure de pression est réalisée est un point antérieur auxdits points de consommation à travers lesquels le fluide pompé s'écoule, et où la méthode comprend la réalisation des étapes suivantes en séquence:
    a) obtenir en permanence une série successive de valeurs de pression d'approvisionnement (Pi) mesurée au point antérieur ; et
    b) changer successivement la vitesse de rotation de la pompe pour compenser ladite variation de pression en réponse à la variation de la pression détectée au point antérieur suite auxdites mesures de l'étape a) ;
    la méthode étant caractérisée parce qu'elle comprend en outre :
    c) la détection qu'au moins deux desdites valeurs de pression (Pi1), (Pi2), mesurées au point antérieur augmentent ou diminuent en réponse à ladite variation de la vitesse de rotation de la pompe, et en obtenant une courbe de demande (10) en calculant les coefficients d'une fonction mathématique descriptive connue de ladite courbe de demande qui met en relation la hauteur de décharge et le débit d'écoulement de la pompe, en faisant lesdits calculs de coefficient à partir des valeurs de pression mesurées (Pi1), (Pi2) et des valeurs de débit calculées correspondantes ;
    d) la détermination d'un point de consommation (12) égal à la valeur de la hauteur de décharge est obtenu lorsqu'on applique une valeur de débit égale à zéro dans ladite fonction mathématique descriptive de la courbe de demande avec les coefficients calculés ;
    e) l'adoption d'une vitesse de rotation de la pompe qui fournit une pression de consigne de la pompe, dépendant dudit point de consommation déterminé à l'étape d), et
    f) recommencer les étapes b) à e) au cas où une autre variation de la pression est détectée dans ladite succession de valeurs mesurée à l'étape a) révélatrice d'une altération de la demande.
  2. La méthode, d'après la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite variation de la vitesse de rotation de la pompe à l'étape b) est une augmentation si les valeurs de pression mesurées (Pi) se trouvent en dessous de la pression de consigne initiale, ou une diminution si les valeurs de pression mesurées (Pi) se trouvent au dessus de la pression de consigne initiale.
  3. La méthode, d'après la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend le calcul de chacune des valeurs dudit débit à l'étape c) à partir de la valeur de pression mesurée correspondante (Pi) et à partir d'une courbe de pompage caractéristique sélectionnée parmi un grand nombre de courbes de pompage caractéristiques connues (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f) précédemment enregistré dans le système, une par vitesse de rotation, mettant en relation la hauteur de décharge avec le débit d'écoulement.
  4. La méthode, d'après la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend l'utilisation de plusieurs lots ou séries de courbes de pompage caractéristiques correspondantes aux différentes conditions de fonctionnement de la pompe, qui incluent au moins la température du moteur d'entraînement de la pompe et le temps de fonctionnement de la pompe, enregistrés dans le système.
  5. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite fonction mathématique descriptive d'une courbe de demande inclue une constante d'ouverture du point de consommation comme un desdits coefficients, et ladite courbe de demande fait référence à au moins une constante d'ouverture par point de consommation.
  6. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend la réalisation d'au moins une des étapes a) à e) pour au moins situer deux desdits points de consommation de l'étape d) dans un emplacement différent.
  7. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre l'obtention de mesures successives de la pression d'aspiration de pompage, et l'application d'une correction des mesures de pression successives dans ledit point antérieur, en prenant compte de la valeur de la pression d'aspiration successive.
  8. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que si après détermination dudit point de consommation (12), ou le premier point de consommation, une baisse de la pression d'approvisionnement dans ledit point commun est détectée dans ladite étape d), la méthode détermine que ladite baisse dans la pression est causée par l'une des raisons suivantes :
    i) parce que le débit du point de consommation a été modifié en adoptant une deuxième constante d' ouverture ; ou
    ii) parce qu'on a jouté au moins un deuxième point de consommation, dans ce dernier cas le fluide étant fourni aux deux points de consommation à travers ledit point commun, discriminant un cas d'un autre basé sur la détection d'un et le même ou un point de consommation différent dans la nouvelle courbe de demande.
  9. La méthode, d'après la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que dans le cas de i), on obtient une courbe de demande résultante relative qui combine les courbes de demande du même point de consommation pour la première et la deuxième constante d'ouverture et qui est utilisé pour changer la pression de consigne de l'étape e).
  10. La méthode, d'après la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que si ii) se produit à l'étape c) la nouvelle courbe de demande est déterminée à partir des coefficients, d'au moins, de la courbe de demande précédente et de la différence des débits calculés dans la nouvelle situation, à partir des lectures successives des valeurs de pression dans ledit point antérieur.
  11. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, une fois l'identification dudit point de consommation, la réalisation des tâches additionnelles pour contrôler et surveiller ledit point de consommation localement ou à distance de manière personnalisée et en actionnant la pompe et en modifiant les conditions d'approvisionnement de celle-ci d'après une extension prédéterminée.
  12. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit point antérieur de mesure de la pression est un point à l'intérieur de la pompe ou contigu à celle-ci.
  13. La méthode, d'après l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'application additionnelle d'une correction à l'emplacement déterminé à l'étape d) comprend la mesure d'intensité de la consommation de la pompe à tout moment et l'utilisation de courbes de puissance caractéristiques connues de consommation/débit de la pompe précédemment stockée dans le système.
  14. Une pièce d'équipement de commande pour contrôler un système de distribution de fluide multipoint en pompant, où le système de distribution fournit le fluide à un grand nombre de points de consommation exigeant différentes pressions d'approvisionnement. Cet équipement de commande comprend :
    - au moins un capteur de pression disposé de manière à mesurer la pression d'approvisionnement dans au moins un point dudit système de distribution de fluide ;
    - des moyens de commande connecté à, au moins, un capteur de pression et avec des moyens de régulation pour réguler la vitesse de la pompe dudit système de distribution de fluide, et configurés pour contrôler la pression d'approvisionnement de fluide pour ce grand nombre de points de consommation, en actionnant lesdits moyens de régulation, en prenant lesdites différentes pressions d'approvisionnement en tant que pressions de consigne pour ladite commande, et pour changer les valeurs desdites pressions de consigne dépendant de la pression mesurée par au moins un capteur de pression en question. Le système étant caractérisé en ce qu'il améliore la méthode proposée d'après l'une quelconques des revendications précédentes, en ce que ledit point du système de distribution où ledit capteur de pression est disposé est un point antérieur auxdits points de consommation à travers lesquels s'écoule le fluide dirigé vers au moins une partie desdits points de consommation, et parce que :
    - l'équipement de commande comprend au moins une mémoire où est enregistré ce qui suit :
    - au moins ladite fonction mathématique descriptive connue de la courbe de demande (10) qui met en relation la hauteur de décharge et le débit de la pompe, et
    - un grand nombre de courbes de pompage caractéristiques, une par vitesse de rotation, qui met en relation la hauteur de décharge avec le débit dans différente conditions de fonctionnement ;
    et en ce que lesdits moyens de commande incluent des moyens de traitement, ils ont accès aux valeurs enregistrées dans cette mémoire et sont configurés pour :
    • contrôler le capteur de pression pour la réalisation de l'étape a) de la méthode ;
    • contrôler lesdits moyens de régulation pour réguler la vitesse de la pompe pour réaliser l'étape b) de la méthode ;
    • réaliser les étapes c) et d) de la méthode grâce auxdits moyens de traitement en utilisant au moins les valeurs mesurées par le capteur de pression et ceux enregistrés dans au moins une mémoire en question ; et
    • réaliser l'étape e) de la méthode grâce auxdits moyens de traitement dépendant de l'emplacement déterminé à l'étape d).
EP12382344.5A 2012-09-07 2012-09-07 Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide Active EP2562424B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES12382344.5T ES2541584T3 (es) 2012-09-07 2012-09-07 Método y equipo de control de un sistema de distribución de líquido, multipunto
EP12382344.5A EP2562424B1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2012-09-07 Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12382344.5A EP2562424B1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2012-09-07 Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide

Publications (3)

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EP2562424A2 EP2562424A2 (fr) 2013-02-27
EP2562424A3 EP2562424A3 (fr) 2013-03-13
EP2562424B1 true EP2562424B1 (fr) 2015-05-27

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EP12382344.5A Active EP2562424B1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2012-09-07 Procédé et équipement pour commander une système multipoint de distribution de fluide

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014110911A1 (de) 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Xylem Ip Management S.À.R.L. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Flüssigkeitsfördersystems und Förderpumpe
DE102014222390A1 (de) * 2014-11-03 2016-05-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Kennlinienfelds einer Fluidpumpe, Verwendung eines limitierten Ventils, Verwendung eines Stufenventils und Steuergerät für ein Fluidfördersystem

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6293498A (ja) * 1985-10-21 1987-04-28 Hitachi Ltd 速度制御ポンプの運転法
DE4243118A1 (de) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-23 Continental Ag Verfahren zur Konstanthaltung des Druckes in einem hydraulischen System
US5540555A (en) 1994-10-04 1996-07-30 Unosource Controls, Inc. Real time remote sensing pressure control system using periodically sampled remote sensors
DE19831997A1 (de) * 1998-07-16 2000-01-20 Ewald Hennel Verfahren zur Regelung des Drucks eines Fluids
US6464464B2 (en) 1999-03-24 2002-10-15 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling a pump system
EP1286240B1 (fr) 2001-08-22 2004-08-11 Pumpenfabrik Ernst Vogel Gesellschaft m.b.H. Méthode de détermination d'une caractéristique de pompe
US7407371B2 (en) 2003-10-29 2008-08-05 Michele Leone Centrifugal multistage pump

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EP2562424A2 (fr) 2013-02-27
ES2541584T3 (es) 2015-07-21
EP2562424A3 (fr) 2013-03-13

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