CN116275679A - High-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116275679A CN116275679A CN202310413916.9A CN202310413916A CN116275679A CN 116275679 A CN116275679 A CN 116275679A CN 202310413916 A CN202310413916 A CN 202310413916A CN 116275679 A CN116275679 A CN 116275679A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- -1 aluminum-magnesium-scandium Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SOWHJXWFLFBSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum beryllium Chemical compound [Be].[Al] SOWHJXWFLFBSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum scandium Chemical compound [Al].[Sc] LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof relate to an aluminum alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing welding wire cannot ensure the overall strength and the welding stability of welding of aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plates and forgings. The preparation method of the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials; smelting an alloy; casting into alloy cast ingots; homogenizing and annealing the cast ingot; turning a railway wagon; extruding; drawing; intermediate annealing; drawing; and (5) packaging the wire rod. The welding wire prepared by the cast ingot of the invention is used for welding aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plates with the thickness of 2mm, the strength after welding can reach 350-370 MPa, and the weldability and the spalling corrosion resistance are good. The welding wire alloy cast ingot adopts a semi-continuous casting mode, and adopts the processes of online degassing, deslagging and the like in the casting process, thereby ensuring that the welding wire cast ingot with high purity and high metallurgical quality is obtained. The method is used for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the aerospace field, the problems that the dead weight of the aerospace craft such as missiles and satellites is reduced and the carrying capacity is improved are to be solved urgently, an aluminum alloy welding structure is used for replacing a riveting structure, and a welding integral oil tank is used for replacing a riveting and gluing sealed oil tank, so that the maneuvering performance of the craft or a fighter plane can be effectively improved.
Compared with the traditional aluminum magnesium alloy, the aluminum magnesium alloy added with a proper amount of rare earth Sc has higher normal temperature and low temperature mechanical properties, damage tolerance, excellent welding performance, corrosion resistance and superplastic forming performance. Russian has successfully applied aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloys to aerospace vehicles, new fighters and new ships. The aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plate and the forge piece which are independently developed and produced at home are successfully applied in the aerospace field, but the general strength and the welding stability of a welding structure cannot be improved by the existing welding wire, so that the development of the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire which can be matched with the welding wire is urgent.
In summary, the existing welding wire has the problem that the overall strength and the welding stability of welding of aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plates and forgings cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing welding wire cannot ensure the overall strength and welding stability of welding of aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plates and forgings. Further provides a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire is an alloy cast ingot, and the mass percentage of each element in the alloy cast ingot is as follows: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, which comprises the following steps:
step one, according to the element mass percentage: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al, and weighing aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy, aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy and aluminum titanium boron grain refiner for remelting;
step two, adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a smelting furnace, smelting at 740-760 ℃, fully stirring after all the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy are melted, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step three, cooling the melt prepared in the step two to 730 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot and the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step four, staying the melt obtained in the step three for 25 min; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step five, filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and inserting the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner weighed in the step one into a launder when casting is started, so that the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is uniformly melted into the alloy melt until casting is finished;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step five into a circular crystallizer with the specification of phi 162mm to obtain a welding wire alloy circular cast ingot with the specification of phi 162 mm;
heating the alloy round ingot obtained in the step six at 465-475 ℃ for 18-24 h, and carrying out homogenizing annealing treatment on the ingot;
step eight, turning the ingot obtained in the step seven to a sheet bar, turning the sheet bar to phi 105mm, and extruding the sheet bar into a wire with the diameter of 10.5mm under the conditions that the extrusion temperature is 465-475 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 70-80 mm/min;
step nine, drawing and reducing the wire rod obtained in the step eight, wherein the deformation of each pass is 30% -35%, and annealing treatment is performed at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ for 90min in the middle of two drawing processes, so that the normal operation of the drawing processes is ensured, and the drawing is performed until the diameter is 3.0mm;
and step ten, preparing the wire with the diameter of 3.0mm obtained in the step ten into a coil, and packaging to obtain the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire.
Further, the aluminum scandium intermediate alloy in the first step is Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy, the aluminum titanium intermediate alloy is Al-4% Ti intermediate alloy, the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy is Al-11% Be, and the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is Al-5% Ti-1% B.
Further, the covering agent in the second step and the third step is flux No. 2.
Further, the addition amount of the covering agent in the second step is 0.50% of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace.
Further, the addition amount of the covering agent in the third step is 0.55% of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace.
Further, step three is said Ar-Cl 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas is (31.5-33) to 1.
Further, the speed of the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is controlled to be 450mm/min in the fifth step.
Further, the diameter of the step six alloy ingot is 162mm, and the length is 3000mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. the invention develops a preparation method of a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, which is used for welding novel rare earth alloy plates and forgings of important space models, and has good weldability and high welding strength. The problem of the card neck of high strength aluminum alloy welding material is solved, can provide optional new material for high strength aluminum alloy panel welding and additive manufacturing. The welding wire alloy adopts a composite microalloying technology of Sc and Zr elements in component design, and Al formed by the added Sc and Zr elements 3 The (Sc, zr) particles play a role of strongly refining grains in the weld joint structure as the core of heterogeneous nuclei, and can obviously improve the post-welding strength.
2. The welding wire prepared by the cast ingot of the invention is used for welding aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy plates with the thickness of 2mm, the strength after welding can reach 350-370 MPa, and the weldability and the spalling corrosion resistance are good.
3. The welding wire alloy cast ingot adopts a semi-continuous casting mode, adopts processes of online degassing, deslagging and the like in the casting process, ensures to obtain the cast ingot for the welding wire with high purity and high metallurgical quality, and provides guarantee for the preparation, processing and welding stability of the subsequent welding wire.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph showing a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy welding wire welded joint prepared in example one.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the peel corrosion of a weld seam of a welded sheet using the alloy wire prepared in example one.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire is an alloy cast ingot, and the mass percentage of each element in the alloy cast ingot is as follows: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al.
The second embodiment is as follows: the preparation method of the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to the element mass percentage: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al, and weighing aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy, aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy and aluminum titanium boron grain refiner for remelting;
step two, adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a smelting furnace, smelting at 740-760 ℃, fully stirring after all the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy are melted, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step three, cooling the melt prepared in the step two to 730 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot and the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step four, staying the melt obtained in the step three for 25 min; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step five, filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and inserting the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner weighed in the step one into a launder when casting is started, so that the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is uniformly melted into the alloy melt until casting is finished;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step five into a circular crystallizer with the specification of phi 162mm to obtain a welding wire alloy circular cast ingot with the specification of phi 162 mm;
heating the alloy round ingot obtained in the step six at 465-475 ℃ for 18-24 h, and carrying out homogenizing annealing treatment on the ingot;
step eight, turning the ingot obtained in the step seven to a sheet bar, turning the sheet bar to phi 105mm, and extruding the sheet bar into a wire with the diameter of 10.5mm under the conditions that the extrusion temperature is 465-475 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 70-80 mm/min;
step nine, drawing and reducing the wire rod obtained in the step eight, wherein the deformation of each pass is 30% -35%, and annealing treatment is performed at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ for 90min in the middle of two drawing processes, so that the normal operation of the drawing processes is ensured, and the drawing is performed until the diameter is 3.0mm;
and step ten, preparing the wire with the diameter of 3.0mm obtained in the step ten into a coil, and packaging to obtain the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire.
And a third specific embodiment: the second difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the aluminum scandium intermediate alloy in the first step is Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy, the aluminum titanium intermediate alloy is Al-4% Ti intermediate alloy, the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy is Al-11% Be, and the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is Al-5% Ti-1% B. The other is the same as in the second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from the second or third embodiment in that: and the covering agents in the second step and the third step are No. 2 flux. The other is the same as the second or third embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: the present embodiment differs from the second to fourth embodiments in that: the addition amount of the covering agent in the second step is 0.50 percent of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace. The others are the same as in the second to fourth embodiments.
Specific embodiment six: this embodiment differs from one of the second to fifth embodiments in that: the adding amount of the covering agent in the third step is 0.55 percent of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace. The others are the same as in one of the second to fifth embodiments.
Seventh embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the second to sixth embodiments in that: step four, ar-Cl 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas is (31.5-33) to 1. The others are the same as in the second to sixth embodiments.
Eighth embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the second to eighth embodiments in that: and fifthly, controlling the speed of the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner to be 450mm/min. The others are the same as in one of the second to eighth embodiments.
Detailed description nine: this embodiment differs from one of the second to ninth embodiments in that: the diameter of the alloy cast ingot in the step six is 162mm, and the length is 3000mmmm. The others are the same as in one of the second to ninth embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the object of the invention can be achieved by one or a combination of several embodiments.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment relates to a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass in an alloy cast ingot: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
1. the mass percentage of elements is as follows: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al. Weighing aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy, aluminum-scandium intermediate alloy and aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner for remelting;
2. adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy for remelting, which are weighed in the first step, into a smelting furnace, smelting for 10 hours at 750 ℃, fully stirring after all the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy are melted, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
3. cooling the melt prepared in the second step to 730 ℃, and adding the magnesium ingot and aluminum beryllium weighed in the first step to be combinedGold is uniformly mixed and uniformly spread with a covering agent; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas until the hydrogen content in each 100 g melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
4. filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step three through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, pouring the filtered aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer, and simultaneously inserting the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner weighed in the step one into a launder to uniformly melt the aluminum alloy melt;
5. the melt obtained in the fourth step stays for 25 min; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
6. pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step five into a circular crystallizer with the specification of phi 162mm to obtain a welding wire alloy circular cast ingot with the specification of phi 162 mm;
7. heating the alloy ingot obtained in the step six at 465-475 ℃ for 18-24 h, and carrying out homogenizing annealing treatment on the ingot;
8. turning the ingot obtained in the step seven to a sheet metal, turning the sheet metal to phi 105mm, and extruding the sheet metal to form a wire rod with the diameter of 10.5mm under the conditions that the extrusion temperature is 465-475 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 70-80 mm/min;
9. drawing and reducing the wire rod obtained in the step eight, wherein the deformation of each pass is 30% -35%, annealing treatment is carried out between the two drawing processes at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ for 90min, normal operation of the drawing process is ensured, and the drawing is carried out until the diameter is 3.0mm;
10. and (3) preparing the wire with the diameter of 3.0mm obtained in the step (ten) into a coil, and packaging to obtain the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire.
The aluminum scandium intermediate alloy in the first step is Al-2% Sc alloy, the aluminum titanium intermediate alloy is Al-4% Ti intermediate alloy, the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy is Al-11% Be, and the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is Al-5% Ti-1% B.
The covering agent in the second step and the third step is a No. 2 flux.
The addition amount of the covering agent in the second step is 0.50 percent of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace.
Step three Ar-Cl 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas was 32:1.
And step four, controlling the insertion speed of the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner to be 450mm/min.
The diameter of the cast ingot of the fifth alloy is 162mm, and the length is 3000mm.
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy welding wire welded joint prepared in the first embodiment, which shows that the aluminum alloy welding wire welded joint has fine grains, uniform structure and good weldability, and provides structure assurance for improving the post-welding strength.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the spalling corrosion of a weld joint of an alloy welding wire welding plate prepared in the first embodiment, and the weld joint has good spalling corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance consistent with that of a base metal.
While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to cover various modifications which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, this high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire is alloy ingot casting, its characterized in that: the alloy cast ingot comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al.
2. A preparation method of a high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to the element mass percentage: si less than or equal to 0.20%, fe less than or equal to 0.30%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, mn less than or equal to 0.30%, mg:5.8 to 6.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ti:0.02 to 0.05 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, zr:0.08 to 0.15 percent, be:0.0005% -0.005%, sc:0.30 to 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al, and weighing aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy, aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy and aluminum titanium boron grain refiner for remelting;
step two, adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a smelting furnace, smelting at 740-760 ℃, fully stirring after all the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy are melted, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step three, cooling the melt prepared in the step two to 730 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot and the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt;
step four, staying the melt obtained in the step three for 25 min; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step five, filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and inserting the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner weighed in the step one into a launder when casting is started, so that the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is uniformly melted into the alloy melt until casting is finished;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step five into a circular crystallizer with the specification of phi 162mm to obtain a welding wire alloy circular cast ingot with the specification of phi 162 mm;
heating the alloy round ingot obtained in the step six at 465-475 ℃ for 18-24 h, and carrying out homogenizing annealing treatment on the ingot;
step eight, turning the ingot obtained in the step seven to a sheet bar, turning the sheet bar to phi 105mm, and extruding the sheet bar into a wire with the diameter of 10.5mm under the conditions that the extrusion temperature is 465-475 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 70-80 mm/min;
step nine, drawing and reducing the wire rod obtained in the step eight, wherein the deformation of each pass is 30% -35%, and annealing treatment is performed at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ for 90min in the middle of two drawing processes, so that the normal operation of the drawing processes is ensured, and the drawing is performed until the diameter is 3.0mm;
and step ten, preparing the wire with the diameter of 3.0mm obtained in the step ten into a coil, and packaging to obtain the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the aluminum scandium intermediate alloy in the first step is Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy, the aluminum titanium intermediate alloy is Al-4% Ti intermediate alloy, the aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy is Al-11% Be, and the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is Al-5% Ti-1% B.
4. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the covering agents in the second step and the third step are No. 2 flux.
5. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the addition amount of the covering agent in the second step is 0.50 percent of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the adding amount of the covering agent in the third step is 0.55 percent of the mass of the metal in the smelting furnace.
7. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step three Ar-Cl 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas is (31.5-33) to 1.
8. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fifthly, controlling the speed of the aluminum titanium boron grain refiner to be 450mm/min.
9. The method for preparing the high-strength rare earth aluminum alloy welding wire, as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: the diameter of the alloy cast ingot in the step six is 162mm, and the length is 3000mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117620517A (en) * | 2023-12-12 | 2024-03-01 | 西南交通大学 | Rare earth element modified aluminum alloy welding wire for laser welding and preparation method thereof |
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