CN108947708A - Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108947708A CN108947708A CN201811160683.1A CN201811160683A CN108947708A CN 108947708 A CN108947708 A CN 108947708A CN 201811160683 A CN201811160683 A CN 201811160683A CN 108947708 A CN108947708 A CN 108947708A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof, are related to compound fertilizer's technical field.Fertilizer special for peanuts successively includes the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer wrapped up layer by layer from inside to outside；First fertilizer core includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；First coating layer includes being acylated beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour；Second fertilizer layer includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive；Additive includes seawood meal, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；Second coating layer includes lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and surfactant.Fertilizer nutrient balanced composition of the present invention, P elements, potassium element are moderate, and the turnover rate of fertilizer can be effectively reduced, and improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizer, and peanut is promoted quickly to grow up healthy and sound, and peanut per unit area yield height, pod enrich full.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to compound fertilizer's technical fields, in particular to a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Peanut is China's abundance, a kind of edible extensive nut, is the main vegetable protein sources of the mankind, and oil
The important source material of rouge, food etc., with the reduction of farmland area, the yield of peanut is remarkably decreased, but people are to peanut oil, peanut
The demand of food is but continuously improved, and therefore, it is necessary to improve peanut per unit area yield.
Fertilizer specially for peanut is the effective way for guaranteeing flower production yields, and current utilization rate of fertilizer is low, according to statistics, China
The utilization rate of Nitrogen is about 30~35%, and for phosphorus 10~25%, potassium is 35~50%, is far below World Developed Countries water
It is flat, this not only waste of resource, but also also result in environmental pollution.With nutrients release, slow, crop absorbs more, nutrient benefit to slow release fertilizer
With the high feature of rate.Current slow release fertilizer both domestic and external is typically all to pass through the physical methods such as coating, package, packing, coating to reach
To the fertilizer for extending fertilizer efficiency, such as sulphur coated urea, polymer coated fertilizer, coated fertilizer, coated fertilizer, and by instant capacity
Fertilizer and rubber latex, agriculture and industry waste mixing are formed by Wrapped fertilizer.But current slow release fertilizer also have it is at high cost,
Soil texture cannot be improved, per unit area yield improvement effect is unobvious, the not full problem of crop and fruit.
It is therefore desired to provide a kind of new fertilizer special for peanuts, it is able to solve at least one of above problem.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts, be able to solve in the above problem at least one
It is a.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer special for peanuts at least have above-mentioned flower
The identical advantage of life dedicated fertilizer.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
In a first aspect, the fertilizer special for peanuts successively wraps from inside to outside the present invention provides a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts
Include the first fertilizer core wrapped up layer by layer, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer；
The first fertilizer core include weight fraction ratio be the urea of 8-10:3-4:4-5:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
First coating layer includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour that weight fraction ratio is 0.1-0.5:5-10；
The second fertilizer layer includes urea, the phosphoric acid that weight fraction ratio is 10-15:4-5:4-5:1-2:0.1-0.2:1
Diammonium, lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive；The additive includes that weight fraction ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1
Seawood meal, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；
The Yoghourt bisque after expired yoghourt coating using forming；
Second coating layer include weight fraction ratio be 1-2:1-2:2-5:1-5:1-10:0.5-5 lignin gel,
Inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and surfactant.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, the first fertilizer core includes that weight fraction ratio is
Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 8-9:3-3.5:4-4.5:1；
Preferably, it is 12-15:4.5-5:4.5-5:1-1.5:0.1-0.2 that the second fertilizer layer, which includes weight fraction ratio:
1 urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, second coating layer includes that weight fraction ratio is
Lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and the surface of 1-1.5:1-2:4-5:2-3:5-10:1-5 is living
Property agent.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, the first fertilizer core further includes expired milk powder, mistake
The weight fraction ratio of phase milk powder and urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate is 6-10:8-9:3-3.5:4-4.5:1.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer
The weight ratio of layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer is 10:1-3:15-20:2-4:1-5.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, the lignin gel be lignosulfonates with
It is obtained after epichlorohydrin reaction；
Preferably, the trace element compound includes in the sulfate of iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, magnesium, titanium or potassium element
It is one or more of；
Preferably, the surfactant includes quaternary cationics.
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(a) urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation are obtained by the formula ratio of the first fertilizer core
Granular first fertilizer core；
(b) beta-cyclodextrin being acylated by the formula ratio of the first coating layer and konjaku flour mixing, 5-10 parts by weight are added
The first coating layer slurry is made in water, and the first coating layer slurry is evenly applied to the first fertilizer core surface；It is starched to the first coating layer
Expect it is unseasoned before wrap up the second fertilizer layer powder outside the first fertilizer core for being coated with the first coating layer slurry, and it is dry；
Second fertilizer layer powder be by the second fertilizer layer formula ratio by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
What humic acid and additive were mixed to get；
(c) expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry are successively coated in the particle surface that step (b) obtains, after air drying
Obtain fertilizer special for peanuts；
Second coating layer slurry is by the formula ratio of the second coating layer by lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, micro member
Plain compound and surfactant mixing, the water that 30-50 parts by weight are added are made.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, acylation beta-cyclodextrin is 2,3,6 three propiono β-
Cyclodextrin, the preparation method of 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins, comprising the following steps:
Beta-cyclodextrin and sodium acetate are suspended in propionic acid, suspension is heated to 100-110 DEG C, and third is added dropwise into suspension
Mixture temperature is risen to 130-150 DEG C by acid anhydrides, and reflux course mixture becomes solution, and reacting after 14-15h terminates, and is cooled to
Room temperature obtains 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins after revolving；
Preferably, the molar ratio of beta-cyclodextrin, sodium acetate, propionic acid and propionic andydride is 1:(0.8-1): (0.01-0.02):
(10-12)。
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, coating method includes mechanically spraying or artificial coating.
Preferably, on the basis of technical solution provided by the invention, step (b) includes: to put in rotary drum coating device
Enter the first fertilizer core, under the conditions of 40-50 DEG C, revolving speed 40-60r/min, the first coating layer slurry, package slurry are sprayed into rotary drum
The second fertilizer layer powder is added after material into rotary drum again, 10-20min discharges and air-dries；
Preferably, step (c) includes: that the coated fertilizer for obtaining step (b) is placed again into rotary drum coating device,
25-38 DEG C, under the conditions of revolving speed 40-60r/min, expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry, 10- are successively sprayed into rotary drum
15min discharging obtains fertilizer special for peanuts after room temperature cooling is dry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) fertilizer special for peanuts of the invention in structure from inside to outside successively include the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer,
Second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer, hydrophobic acyl beta-cyclodextrin reduces the first fertilizer in the first coating layer
The dissolubility of effective component in core, reduces internal fertilizer component rate of release, the second coating layer material by lignin gel and
Slow release effect is more preferable after inulin is used cooperatively coating, while increasing nutrient elements required for the growth in the second coating layer material, can
The shortcomings that avoiding controlled release fertilizer early period insufficient, influencing plant growth.Fertilizer of the present invention is by being arranged the double-deck capsule structure, while fertilizer
Material ingredient is separated by the first coating layer, enables the effective component substep of fertilizer, slowly discharges layer by layer outward, can be effectively controlled
Fertilizer slow release rate, rate is moderate and stablizes.
(2) fertilizer special for peanuts of the invention further includes Yoghourt bisque in structure, and fertilizer is when in use in Yoghourt bisque
Viable bacteria first discharge into soil, increase the beneficial bacterium in soil, help to improve soil texture and enhance peanut nitrogen-fixing root nodule
Bacterium activity promotes to prick under Peanut Root System then as effective fertilizer composition gradually discharges, and increases deep subsoil root quantity with after
Phase root activity.In addition, Yoghourt bisque using being formed after expired yoghourt coating, enables discarded expired yoghourt rationally effective
It utilizes.
(3) Fertilizer nutrient balanced composition of the present invention, P elements, potassium element are moderate, and the turnover rate of fertilizer can be effectively reduced, mention
The utilization efficiency of high fertilizer promotes peanut quickly to grow up healthy and sound, and peanut per unit area yield height, pod enrich full.
(4) preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts of the invention is simple, processing cost is low, can complete in batches, produce effect
Rate is high, and yield is stablized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the capsule structure schematic diagram of the fertilizer special for peanuts of one embodiment of the present invention.
Diagram: 101- the first fertilizer core；The first coating layer of 102-；103- the second fertilizer layer；104- Yoghourt bisque；105-
Two coating layers.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts is provided, as shown in Figure 1, from inside to outside successively
Including the first fertilizer core 101, the first coating layer 102, the second fertilizer layer 103, Yoghourt bisque 104 and the second coating wrapped up layer by layer
Layer 105；First fertilizer core 101 includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and the carbonic acid that weight fraction ratio is 8-10:3-4:4-5:1
Hydrogen ammonium；First coating layer 102 includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour that weight fraction ratio is 0.1-0.5:5-10；Second fertilizer
The bed of material 103 includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride, the carbonic acid that weight fraction ratio is 10-15:4-5:4-5:1-2:0.1-0.2:1
Hydrogen ammonium, humic acid and additive；Additive includes the seawood meal that weight fraction ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1, loosen the soil essence, amino acid
Calcium and dicyandiamide；Yoghourt bisque 104 is formed after utilizing expired yoghourt coating；Second coating layer 105 includes weight fraction ratio
For lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and the surface of 1-2:1-2:2-5:1-5:1-10:0.5-5
Activating agent.
First fertilizer core 101
On the basis of the first fertilizer core, often includes the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 1 parts by weight, further include urea, the 3-4 of 8-10 parts by weight
The Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of parts by weight and the ammonium chloride of 4-5 parts by weight.The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of urea are, for example, 8 parts, 9 parts
Or 10 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are, for example, 3 parts, 3.5 parts or 4 parts；Ammonium chloride typical case but non-limit
The parts by weight of property processed are, for example, 4 parts, 4.5 parts or 5 parts.
Preferably, the nitrogen content in urea is more than or equal to 46%.
Preferably, nitrogen content >=18.0%, P in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)2O5>=46.0%.
Preferably, nitrogen content >=25% in ammonium chloride, is subject to the common ammonium chloride of agriculture grade.
First coating layer 102
On the basis of the first coating layer, the evil spirit of acylation beta-cyclodextrin and 5-10 parts by weight including 0.1-0.5 parts by weight
Taro powder.
Being acylated beta-cyclodextrin is the hydroxyl of beta-cyclodextrin through a kind of acylated obtained hydrophobic cyclodextrin derivative.To acyl
The source of base beta-cyclodextrin is not construed as limiting, and commercial product can be used or be prepared using conventional acylated mode.
Being acylated beta-cyclodextrin derivative includes but is not limited to 2,3,6 triacetyl beta-cyclodextrins, 2,3,6 3 propiono β-
The acyl group beta-cyclodextrin of cyclodextrin, 2,3,6 3 bytyry beta-cyclodextrins, 2,3,6 3.It is typical but unrestricted to be acylated beta-cyclodextrin
The parts by weight of property are, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part or 0.5 part.
The sticky typical but non-limiting parts by weight of konjaku flour are, for example, 5 parts, 8 parts or 10 parts.Add one side of konjaku flour
Face can dilute acylation beta-cyclodextrin, reduce cost, on the other hand play the role of binder, convenient for molding layer structure.
Second fertilizer layer 103
On the basis of the second fertilizer layer, often includes the additive of 1 parts by weight, further include urea, the 4-5 of 10-15 parts by weight
The Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of parts by weight, the lime nitrogen of 4-5 parts by weight, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 1-2 parts by weight, 0.1-0.2 parts by weight humic acid.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of urea are, for example, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts or 15 parts；Phosphoric acid
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of diammonium are, for example, 4 parts, 4.5 parts or 5 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of lime nitrogen
For example 4 parts, 4.5 parts or 5 parts of numerical example；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen carbonate are, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts or 2 parts；
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of humic acid are, for example, 0.1 part, 0.15 part or 0.2 part.
Preferably, the nitrogen content in urea is more than or equal to 46%.
Preferably, nitrogen content >=18.0%, P in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)2O5>=46.0%.
Preferably, nitrogen content >=17% in ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
Wherein on the basis of additive, additive includes the seawood meal that weight fraction ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1, loosens the soil
Essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide.Often include the dicyandiamide of 1 parts by weight, further includes seawood meal, the 1-2 parts by weight of 1-2 parts by weight
Loosen the soil essence and 1-2 parts by weight amino acid calciums.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of seawood meal are, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts or 2 parts；The classical type that loosens the soil but unrestricted
The parts by weight of property are, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts or 2 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of amino acid calcium are, for example, 1 part,
1.5 parts or 2 parts.
Yoghourt bisque 104
Yoghourt bisque is the layer structure being made of sour milk powder, is formed after utilizing expired yoghourt coating.
Second coating layer 105
On the basis of the second coating layer, the typical but non-limiting parts by weight of lignin gel are, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts
Or 2 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of inulin are, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts or 2 parts；Urea is typical but non-limiting heavy
Measuring number is, for example, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of oxalic acid are, for example, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4
Part or 5 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of trace element compound are, for example, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7
Part, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts；The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of surfactant are, for example, 0.5 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4
Part or 5 parts.
The source of lignin gel is not construed as limiting, illustrative lignin gel is lignosulfonates and epoxy chloropropionate
It is obtained after alkane reaction；
Illustrative preparation method includes: the NaOH solution that mass fraction 10% is added into lignosulfonate solutions, is adjusted
PH value of solution is saved, is added epoxychloropropane (ECH), synthetic reaction is carried out at 60-80 DEG C.After reaction, reaction product is taken out
Vacuum distillation removes unreacted epoxychloropropane (ECH), sediment is washed with deionized to neutrality, vacuum drying to get.
Preferably, trace element compound includes but is not limited to the sulfate of iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, magnesium, titanium or potassium element
One or more of；
Surfactant is preferably quaternary cationics, including but not limited to alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt type,
Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt type, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium type, pyridine salt type, alkylisoquinolinium salt form or benzyl chloride ammonium salt
Type, preferably alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt type, further preferably trimethyl ammonium halide.
" the first fertilizer core includes ", " the first coating layer includes ", " the second fertilizer layer includes ", " the second coating layer
Including ", it is intended that it can also include other components exceptionally except described group, these other components assign every layer of different characteristic.It removes
Except this, " comprising " of the present invention, may be replaced by enclosed " for " or " by ... form ".
Fertilizer special for peanuts of the invention successively includes the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the in structure from inside to outside
Two fertilizer layers, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer, hydrophobic acyl beta-cyclodextrin layer reduces the first fertilizer in the first coating layer
The dissolubility of effective component in core, reduces internal fertilizer component rate of release, the second coating layer material by lignin gel and
Slow release effect is more preferable after inulin is used cooperatively coating, while increasing nutrient elements required for the growth in the second coating layer material, can
The shortcomings that avoiding controlled release fertilizer early period insufficient, influencing plant growth.Fertilizer of the present invention is by being arranged the double-deck capsule structure, while fertilizer
Material ingredient is separated by the first coating layer, enables the effective component substep of fertilizer, slowly discharges layer by layer outward, the second fertilizer layer
Middle addition seawood meal, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide, is more advantageous to the early growth of peanut.The fertilizer of structure of the invention
It can be effectively controlled fertilizer slow release rate, rate is moderate and stablizes.Viable bacteria of the fertilizer when in use in Yoghourt bisque first discharges into
Soil increases the beneficial bacterium in soil, helps to improve soil texture and enhances application of peanut nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria activity, then with fertilizer
Material effective component gradually discharges, and promotes to prick under Peanut Root System, increases deep subsoil root quantity and later period root activity.
Fertilizer nutrient balanced composition of the present invention, P elements, potassium element are moderate, and the turnover rate of fertilizer can be effectively reduced, and improve
The utilization efficiency of fertilizer promotes peanut quickly to grow up healthy and sound, and peanut per unit area yield height, pod enrich full.
In a preferred embodiment, it is 8-9:3-3.5:4-4.5:1 that the first fertilizer core, which includes weight fraction ratio,
Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
In a preferred embodiment, it is 12-15:4.5-5:4.5-5:1- that the second fertilizer layer, which includes weight fraction ratio,
Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and the additive of 1.5:0.1-0.2:1.
By optimization the first fertilizer core and the second fertilizer layer in each component ratio, the nutrient for discharging fertilizer gradually and
Component content is more reasonable, and peanut growing way is more preferable.
In a preferred embodiment, it is 1-1.5:1-2:4-5:2-3:5- that the second coating layer, which includes weight fraction ratio,
Lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and the surfactant of 10:1-5.
By each component ratio in the second coating layer of optimization, fertilizer slow release rate is made more to be suitable for, stablize.
In a preferred embodiment, the first fertilizer core further includes expired milk powder, expired milk powder and urea, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
The weight fraction ratio of ammonium, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate is 6-10:8-9:3-3.5:4-4.5:1.
It further include the expired milk powder of 6-10 parts by weight on the basis of the first fertilizer core, expired milk powder is typical but non-limiting
Parts by weight be, for example, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.
By the way that expired milk powder is added in the first fertilizer core, the supplement later period discharges the nutriment in fertilizer, increases peanut
The protein adsorption of Later growth, pod more enrich full.Expired milk powder is set to be utilized effectively simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment, the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and
The weight ratio of two coating layers is 10:1-3:15-20:2-4:1-5.
Typical but non-limiting is, for example, 10:1:15:2:1,10:3:20:4:5,10:2:18:3:2 or 10:1:20:2:
5。
By controlling the ratio of fertilizer and coating layer, fertilizer obtains more reasonable sustained release rate, and utilization rate of fertilizer is higher, flower
Output reaches high yield level.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts is provided, comprising the following steps:
(a) urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation are obtained by the formula ratio of the first fertilizer core
Granular first fertilizer core；
(b) beta-cyclodextrin being acylated by the formula ratio of the first coating layer and konjaku flour mixing, 5-10 parts by weight are added
The first coating layer slurry is made in water, and the first coating layer slurry is evenly applied to the first fertilizer core surface；It is starched to the first coating layer
Expect it is unseasoned before wrap up the second fertilizer layer powder outside the first fertilizer core for being coated with the first coating layer slurry, and it is dry；
Second fertilizer layer powder be by the second fertilizer layer formula ratio by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
What humic acid and additive were mixed to get；
(c) expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry are successively coated in the particle surface that step (b) obtains, after air drying
Obtain fertilizer special for peanuts；
Second coating layer slurry is by the formula ratio of the second coating layer by lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, micro member
Plain compound and surfactant mixing, the water that 30-50 parts by weight are added are made.
The granulation of step (a) can be carried out using usual manner.
The coating method of the first coating layer slurry, expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry can in step (b) and step (c)
To be mechanically spraying, it is also possible to manually coat.
Preferably, mechanically spraying can use pneumatic conveying injector, using compressed air as medium, slurry is sucked and is sprayed
Device after mixing with air atomization, is sprayed at fertiliser granulates surface.
The preparation method simple process of fertilizer special for peanuts of the invention can be carried out using this field conventional equipment, be thrown
Money is few, and at least has the identical advantage of fertilizer special for peanuts of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
In a preferred embodiment, be acylated beta-cyclodextrin be 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins, 2,3,6 three
The preparation method of propiono beta-cyclodextrin, comprising the following steps:
Beta-cyclodextrin and sodium acetate are suspended in propionic acid, suspension is heated to 100-110 DEG C, and third is added dropwise into suspension
Mixture temperature is risen to 130-150 DEG C by acid anhydrides, and reflux course mixture becomes solution, and reacting after 14-15h terminates, and is cooled to
Room temperature obtains 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins after revolving；
Illustrative reaction temperature is, for example, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C or 150 DEG C；The illustrative reaction time be, for example, 14h,
14.5h or 15h.
Preferably, the molar ratio of beta-cyclodextrin, sodium acetate, propionic acid and propionic andydride is 1:(0.8-1): (0.01-0.02):
(10-12), illustrative molar ratio for example 1:0.8:0.01:10,1:0.9:0.02:12 or 1:0.8:0.02:11.
2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrin hydrophobicitys made from this method are good, and the molten of effective component in fertilizer is effectively reduced
Xie Xing, so that slow release effect is more preferable.
Preferably, step (b) includes: that the first fertilizer core is put into rotary drum coating device, in 40-50 DEG C, revolving speed 40-
Under the conditions of 60r/min, the first coating layer slurry is sprayed into rotary drum, and the second fertilizer layer powder is added into rotary drum again after wrapping up slurry
Body, 10-20min discharge and air-dry；
When wrapping up the first coating layer slurry and the second fertilizer layer powder, typical but non-limiting rotary drum temperature is, for example, 40
DEG C, 45 DEG C or 50 DEG C.Typical but non-limiting revolving speed is, for example, 40r/min, 50r/min or 60r/min.
By control rotary drum temperature and revolving speed, coat slurry and powder preferably.
Preferably, step (c) includes: that the coated fertilizer for obtaining step (b) is placed again into rotary drum coating device,
25-38 DEG C, under the conditions of revolving speed 40-60r/min, expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry, 10- are successively sprayed into rotary drum
15min discharging obtains fertilizer special for peanuts after room temperature cooling is dry.
When wrapping up expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry, typical but non-limiting rotary drum temperature is, for example, 25 DEG C, 30
DEG C, 35 DEG C, 37 DEG C or 38 DEG C.Typical but non-limiting revolving speed is, for example, 40r/min, 50r/min or 60r/min.
Certain temperature is controlled, number of viable is more in expired yoghourt.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of typical fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(a) urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation are obtained by the formula ratio of the first fertilizer core
Granular first fertilizer core；
(b) the first fertilizer core is put into rotary drum coating device, under the conditions of 40-50 DEG C, revolving speed 40-60r/min, to turn
The first coating layer slurry is sprayed in drum, the second fertilizer layer powder is added into rotary drum again after wrapping up slurry, 10-20min discharges simultaneously
It air-dries；
First coating layer slurry is will to be acylated beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour mixing by the formula ratio of the first coating layer, is added
Made of the water of 5-10 parts by weight；
Second fertilizer layer powder be by the second fertilizer layer formula ratio by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
What humic acid and additive were mixed to get；
(c) coated fertilizer for obtaining step (b) is placed again into rotary drum coating device, in 25-38 DEG C, revolving speed 40-
Under the conditions of 60r/min, expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry, 10-15min discharging, room temperature cooling are successively sprayed into rotary drum
Fertilizer special for peanuts is obtained after drying；Second coating layer slurry be by the second coating layer formula ratio by lignin gel, inulin,
Urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and surfactant mix, made of the water that 30-50 parts by weight are added.
Expired yoghourt can use commercial product.
In order to further appreciate that the present invention, the method for the present invention and effect are done further in detail combined with specific embodiments below
Explanation.Each raw material of the present invention can pass through commercially available acquisition.
Trace element compound is the mixture of the ferric sulfate of weight ratio 1:1:1:1, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate and magnesium sulfate.
It is acylated beta-cyclodextrin and is purchased from Shanghai Yi He Biotechnology Co., Ltd, entitled 2,3,6 triacetyl beta-cyclodextrins.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertilizer special for peanuts successively includes the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, second wrapped up layer by layer from inside to outside
Fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer；First fertilizer core include weight fraction ratio be the urea of 8:3:4:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP),
Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；First coating layer includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour that weight fraction ratio is 0.1:5；Second
Fertilizer layer include weight fraction ratio be the urea of 10:4:4:1:0.1:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and
Additive；Additive includes the seawood meal that weight fraction ratio is 1:1:1:1, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；Second coating
Layer include weight fraction ratio be the lignin gel of 1:1:2:1:10:0.5, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and
Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.First fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer
Weight ratio is 10:1:15:2:1.
The preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare the first fertilizer core: by the urea of 8 parts by weight, the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight ammonium chloride and
The ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation of 1 parts by weight obtains the first fertilizer core；
(2) it prepares the first coating layer slurry: the konjaku flour of the acylation beta-cyclodextrin of 0.1 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight is mixed
Close, be added 5 parts by weight water to get；
(3) the second fertilizer layer powder is prepared: by the urea of 10 parts by weight, the stone of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 4 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight
Grey nitrogen, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 1 parts by weight, the humic acid of 0.1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight additive mixing to get；Additive be by
The seawood meal of 1 parts by weight, the essences of loosening the soil of 1 parts by weight, the amino acid calcium of 1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight dicyandiamide be mixed to get；
(4) prepare the second coating layer slurry: by the lignin gel of 1 parts by weight, the inulin of 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight urine
The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride of element, the oxalic acid of 1 parts by weight, the trace element compound of 10 parts by weight and 0.5 parts by weight is mixed
Close, be added 30 parts by weight water to get；
(5) the first fertilizer core of 10 parts by weight is put into rotary drum coating device, under the conditions of 40 DEG C, revolving speed 60r/min,
The first coating layer slurry of 1 parts by weight is sprayed into rotary drum, and the second fertilizer of 15 parts by weight is added after package slurry into rotary drum again
Bed of material powder, 15min discharge and air-dry；
(6) coated fertilizer that step (5) obtains is placed again into rotary drum coating device, in 37 DEG C, revolving speed 40r/min item
Under part, the expired yoghourt of 2 parts by weight and the second coating layer slurry of 1 parts by weight are successively sprayed into rotary drum, 10min discharges, often
Fertilizer special for peanuts is obtained after the cooling drying of temperature.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizer special for peanuts successively includes the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, second wrapped up layer by layer from inside to outside
Fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer；First fertilizer core includes urea, the di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate that weight fraction ratio is 10:4:5:1
Ammonium, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；First coating layer includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour that weight fraction ratio is 0.5:10；
Second fertilizer layer includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the humic that weight fraction ratio is 15:5:5:2:0.2:1
Acid and additive；Additive includes the seawood meal that weight fraction ratio is 2:2:2:1, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；Second
Coating layer include weight fraction ratio be the lignin gel of 2:2:5:5:6:5, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and
Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.First fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer
Weight ratio is 10:3:20:4:5.
The preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(1) the first fertilizer core is prepared: by the urea of 10 parts by weight, the ammonium chloride of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight
With the ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation of 1 parts by weight, the first fertilizer core is obtained；
(2) it prepares the first coating layer slurry: the konjaku flour of the acylation beta-cyclodextrin of 0.5 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight is mixed
Close, be added 10 parts by weight water to get；
(3) the second fertilizer layer powder is prepared: by the urea of 15 parts by weight, the stone of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight
Grey nitrogen, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 2 parts by weight, the humic acid of 0.2 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight additive mixing to get；Additive be by
The seawood meal of 2 parts by weight, the essences of loosening the soil of 2 parts by weight, the amino acid calcium of 2 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight dicyandiamide be mixed to get；
(4) prepare the second coating layer slurry: by the lignin gel of 2 parts by weight, the inulin of 2 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight urine
The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride of element, the oxalic acid of 5 parts by weight, the trace element compound of 6 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight mixes,
Be added the water of 50 parts by weight to get；
(5) the first fertilizer core of 10 parts by weight is put into rotary drum coating device, under the conditions of 50 DEG C, revolving speed 40r/min,
The first coating layer slurry of 3 parts by weight is sprayed into rotary drum, and the second fertilizer of 20 parts by weight is added after package slurry into rotary drum again
Bed of material powder, 20min discharge and air-dry；
(6) coated fertilizer that step (5) obtains is placed again into rotary drum coating device, in 35 DEG C, revolving speed 60r/min item
Under part, the expired yoghourt of 4 parts by weight and the second coating layer slurry of 5 parts by weight are successively sprayed into rotary drum, 15min discharges, often
Fertilizer special for peanuts is obtained after the cooling drying of temperature.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizer special for peanuts successively includes the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, second wrapped up layer by layer from inside to outside
Fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer；First fertilizer core includes urea, the phosphoric acid that weight fraction ratio is 9:3.5:4.5:1
Diammonium, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；First coating layer includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku that weight fraction ratio is 0.2:7
Powder；Second fertilizer layer include weight fraction ratio be the urea of 12:4:5:1.5:0.1:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
Humic acid and additive；Additive includes the seawood meal that weight fraction ratio is 2:1:2:1, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；
Second coating layer includes lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, the microelement chemical combination that weight fraction ratio is 2:1:3:4:8:2
Object and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.First fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating
The weight ratio of layer is 10:2:18:3:3.
The preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(1) the first fertilizer core is prepared: by the urea of 9 parts by weight, the chlorination of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 3.5 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight
The ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation of ammonium and 1 parts by weight obtains the first fertilizer core；
(2) it prepares the first coating layer slurry: the konjaku flour of the acylation beta-cyclodextrin of 0.2 parts by weight and 7 parts by weight is mixed
Close, be added 8 parts by weight water to get；
(3) the second fertilizer layer powder is prepared: by the urea of 12 parts by weight, the stone of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight
Grey nitrogen, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 1.5 parts by weight, the humic acid of 0.1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight additive mixing to get；Additive is
The dicyandiamide of the seawood meal of 2 parts by weight, loosen the soil essence, the amino acid calcium of 2 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight of 1 parts by weight is mixed to get
's；
(4) prepare the second coating layer slurry: by the lignin gel of 2 parts by weight, the inulin of 1 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight urine
The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide of element, the oxalic acid of 4 parts by weight, the trace element compound of 8 parts by weight and 2 parts by weight mixes,
Be added the water of 40 parts by weight to get；
(5) the first fertilizer core of 10 parts by weight is put into rotary drum coating device, under the conditions of 45 DEG C, revolving speed 50r/min,
The first coating layer slurry of 2 parts by weight is sprayed into rotary drum, and the second fertilizer of 18 parts by weight is added after package slurry into rotary drum again
Bed of material powder, 10min discharge and air-dry；
(6) coated fertilizer that step (5) obtains is placed again into rotary drum coating device, in 30 DEG C, revolving speed 50r/min item
Under part, the expired yoghourt of 3 parts by weight and the second coating layer slurry of 3 parts by weight are successively sprayed into rotary drum, 10min discharges, often
Fertilizer special for peanuts is obtained after the cooling drying of temperature.
Embodiment 4
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the second fertilizer layer includes that weight fraction ratio is 14:5:4:2:0.15:1
Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive；Additive includes that weight fraction ratio is 2:1:2:1
Seawood meal, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide.
Embodiment 5
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the second coating layer includes the wood that weight fraction ratio is 2:1:2:1:1:5
Quality gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
Embodiment 6
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque
Weight ratio with the second coating layer is 15:1:10:2:1.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the first fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque
Weight ratio with the second coating layer is 10:5:15:5:5.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 3 are that the first fertilizer core includes that weight fraction ratio is 8:9:3.5:4.5:1
Expired milk powder, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, be acylated beta-cyclodextrin be prepared using following methods: by 100g
Beta-cyclodextrin and 6g sodium acetate are suspended in 100mL propionic acid, and suspension is heated to 100-110 DEG C, to being sufficiently stirred in about 1h
Suspension in 109.7g propionic andydride is slowly added dropwise, the temperature of mixture rises to 140 DEG C of reflux temperature, under reflux in the process
Boiling, process mixture become solution, and reacting after 15h terminates, and mixture is cooled to room temperature；It is mixed that reaction is added in 50mL water droplet
It closes in object, removes a large amount of acetic acid with revolving, product, which is dissolved in 200mL water, to be rotated, which carries out 3 times altogether, finally that product is molten
In 400g water, 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins are obtained, the DS of product is 0.9.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the rotary drum temperature of step (6) is 20 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, without the first coating layer.
The preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare the first fertilizer core: by the urea of 18 parts by weight, the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight ammonium chloride,
The additive mixing granulation of the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 2 parts by weight, the humic acid of 0.1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight obtains the first fertilizer core；
Additive is by smart, the amino acid calcium of 1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight the dicyandiamide that loosens the soil of the seawood meal of 1 parts by weight, 1 parts by weight
It is mixed to get；
(2) prepare the second coating layer slurry: by the lignin gel of 1 parts by weight, the inulin of 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight urine
The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride of element, the oxalic acid of 1 parts by weight, the trace element compound of 10 parts by weight and 0.5 parts by weight is mixed
Close, be added 30 parts by weight water to get；
(3) fertiliser granulates that step (1) obtains are put into rotary drum coating device, in 37 DEG C, revolving speed 40r/min condition
Under, the expired yoghourt of 2 parts by weight and the second coating layer slurry of 1 parts by weight, 10min discharging, room temperature are successively sprayed into rotary drum
Fertilizer special for peanuts is obtained after cooling drying.
Comparative example 2
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, no sour milk powder layer.Step in the preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts
(6) expired yoghourt is not sprayed.
Comparative example 3
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the acylation beta-cyclodextrin in the first coating layer is replaced with into β-ring
Dextrin.
Comparative example 4
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, be added without additive in the second fertilizer layer.
Comparative example 5
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, additive include weight fraction ratio be 1:1:1 loosen the soil essence, amino
Sour calcium and dicyandiamide.
Comparative example 6
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, additive seawood meal in the second fertilizer layer, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium
Weight ratio with dicyandiamide is 0.1:0.2:0.5:1.
Comparative example 7
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the second coating layer include weight fraction ratio be 1:1:0.5 lignin
Gel, inulin and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
Comparative example 8
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the second coating layer include weight fraction ratio be 2:2:1:10:0.5
Lignin gel, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
Comparative example 9
A kind of fertilizer special for peanuts, by the urea of 18 parts by weight, the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of 7 parts by weight, the ammonium chloride of 8 parts by weight, 2
The additive mixing granulation of the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of parts by weight, the humic acid of 0.1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight obtains.Additive is by 1 weight
Measure the seawood meal of part, the dicyandiamide of loosen the soil essence, the amino acid calcium of 1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight of 1 parts by weight is mixed to get.
Comparative example 10
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, no sour milk powder layer, at the same by the sour milk powder of equivalent be added the second fertilizer
In layer.
The experiment of test example fertilizer efficiency
1, materials and methods
1.1 test material
It tests and is carried out in Qingdao of Shandong province peanut cultivation field, test educates No. 17 using flower.
1.2 test process
Test sets 21 processing, the i.e. fertilizer that embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-10 is respectively adopted in processing 1-20, processing
21 compare (common urea, nitrogen content 46wt% for common fertilizer；Diammonium phosphate (DAP), nitrogenous 18wt%, phosphorus pentoxide 46wt%；
Calcium chloride).Test is set to be repeated three times, using randomized block experiment, each processing plot area 60m2。
Embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-10 dose are identical, are converted into purity nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide total amount 30 public affairs per acre
Jin.Method of administration, which is that all fertilizer uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields to turn over behind ground before peanut seeding, buries.Management measure routinely into
Row.Test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Yield-increasing efficiency %=(different disposal per mu yield -21 per mu yield of processing)/21 per mu yield × 100% of processing；
Empty grain rate reduces %=(processing 21 Empty grain rates-different disposal Empty grain rate)/21 Empty grain rate × 100% of processing.
From table 1 it follows that can effectively improve fertilizer utilizes effect using slow release fertilizer had good sustained release effect of the invention
Rate, peanut per unit area yield is high, can increase production 10% or more, pod enriches full, Empty grain rate reduction 60% or so.
Processing 4 changes the second fertilizer composition of layer ratio, and processing 5 changes the second coating layer component ratio, fertilizer volume increase and pod
Fruit turgor still keeps preferable level.Processing 6 changes the weight ratio of fertilizer core and the second fertilizer layer, influences on fertilizer efficiency little.
7 coating layers are handled than great, rate of release is slow, will affect pod plumpness, it is seen that by adjusting coating layer specific gravity, can make to be sustained
Rate is maintained under preferable speed, is more advantageous to the growth of peanut.
Handling in 8 first fertilizer cores joined expired milk powder, be more advantageous to absorption of the peanut later period to protein, and pod is full
Full scale is more preferable.Processing 9 is acylated beta-cyclodextrin using 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins of preparation, and effect of fertilizer is preferable.Processing
The relatively processing of 1 rotary drum temperature is 10 high, and effect of fertilizer is good, it is seen then that slightly raising preparation temperature is more advantageous to depositing for viable bacteria in sour milk powder
Living, to preferably improve soil environment and promote rhizobium activity, pod plumpness is more preferable.
Processing 19 is non-capsule structure, and fertilizer slow release effect is poor, is increased production unobvious.It handles in 11 structures without the first coating
Layer, sustained release effect of increasing production decline, 13 acylation beta-cyclodextrins of processing replace with the effect of increasing production of beta-cyclodextrin fertilizer also under
Drop, it is seen that better slow release effect can be obtained using beta-cyclodextrin is acylated.It handles without sour milk powder layer in 12 fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency is
Decline, it is seen that the beneficial bacterium in soil can be increased by the way that Yoghourt layer is added, help to improve soil texture and enhance peanut to consolidate
Nitrogen rhizobium activity, promotes effect of increasing production.The sour milk powder of equivalent is added in the second fertilizer layer without acid is made for processing 20 simultaneously
Milk bisque, fertilizer efficiency are also declined, it is seen that are coated on outside the second fertilizer layer by the way that Yoghourt bisque is made in sour milk powder, Yoghourt bisque
In viable bacteria first discharge into soil, it is rear discharge fertilizer after so that fertilizer efficiency is promoted.Processing 14 is added without additive, processing 15,
16 additive components are declined with ratio difference, pod plumpness.
It handles in 17 second coating layers without containing nutrient, pod plumpness decline, it is seen that by the second coating layer
Increase nutrient elements required for the growth in material, can avoid fertilizer controlled release early period deficiency, promote the pod plumpness of peanut.Processing
Inulin is free of in 18 second coating layers, will affect the slow release effect of fertilizer, it is seen then that by the way that inulin is added, is risen with lignin gel
To mating reaction, the slow release effect of coated fertilizer is promoted.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that wrapping in the following claims
Include all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fertilizer special for peanuts, which is characterized in that the fertilizer special for peanuts successively includes wrapping up layer by layer from inside to outside
First fertilizer core, the first coating layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer；
The first fertilizer core includes urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and the carbonic acid that weight fraction ratio is 8-10:3-4:4-5:1
Hydrogen ammonium；
First coating layer includes the acylation beta-cyclodextrin and konjaku flour that weight fraction ratio is 0.1-0.5:5-10；
The second fertilizer layer include weight fraction ratio be the urea of 10-15:4-5:4-5:1-2:0.1-0.2:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP),
Lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive；The additive includes the seaweed that weight fraction ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1
Powder, loosen the soil essence, amino acid calcium and dicyandiamide；
The Yoghourt bisque after expired yoghourt coating using forming；
Second coating layer includes that weight fraction ratio is the lignin gel of 1-2:1-2:2-5:1-5:1-10:0.5-5, chrysanthemum
Powder, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and surfactant.
2. fertilizer special for peanuts described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the first fertilizer core includes weight fraction ratio
For the urea of 8-9:3-3.5:4-4.5:1, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
Preferably, it is 12-15:4.5-5:4.5-5:1-1.5:0.1-0.2:1 that the second fertilizer layer, which includes weight fraction ratio,
Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic acid and additive.
3. fertilizer special for peanuts described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that second coating layer includes weight fraction ratio
For lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, trace element compound and the surface of 1-1.5:1-2:4-5:2-3:5-10:1-5
Activating agent.
4. according to the described in any item fertilizer special for peanuts of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the first fertilizer core further includes
The weight fraction ratio of expired milk powder, expired milk powder and urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate is 6-10:8-9:3-
3.5:4-4.5:1。
5. according to the described in any item fertilizer special for peanuts of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the first fertilizer core, the first coating
The weight ratio of layer, the second fertilizer layer, Yoghourt bisque and the second coating layer is 10:1-3:15-20:2-4:1-5.
6. according to the described in any item fertilizer special for peanuts of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the lignin gel is wooden
It is obtained after plain sulfonate and epichlorohydrin reaction；
Preferably, the trace element compound includes one of the sulfate of iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, magnesium, titanium or potassium element
Or it is several；
Preferably, the surfactant includes quaternary cationics.
7. a kind of preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts described in any one of claims 1-6, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
(a) urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate mixing granulation are obtained into particle by the formula ratio of the first fertilizer core
First fertilizer core of shape；
(b) beta-cyclodextrin being acylated by the formula ratio of the first coating layer and konjaku flour mixing, the water system of 5-10 parts by weight is added
At the first coating layer slurry, the first coating layer slurry is evenly applied to the first fertilizer core surface；Not to the first coating layer slurry
The second fertilizer layer powder is wrapped up before dry outside the first fertilizer core for being coated with the first coating layer slurry, and dry；
Second fertilizer layer powder is the formula ratio by the second fertilizer layer by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), lime nitrogen, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, humic
What acid and additive were mixed to get；
(c) expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry are successively coated in the particle surface that step (b) obtains, is obtained after air drying
Fertilizer special for peanuts；
Second coating layer slurry is by the formula ratio of the second coating layer by lignin gel, inulin, urea, oxalic acid, microelement
Object and surfactant mixing are closed, the water that 30-50 parts by weight are added is made.
8. the preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts according to claim 7, which is characterized in that being acylated beta-cyclodextrin is 2,
3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins, the preparation method of 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins, comprising the following steps:
Beta-cyclodextrin and sodium acetate are suspended in propionic acid, suspension is heated to 100-110 DEG C, and propionic acid is added dropwise into suspension
Mixture temperature is risen to 130-150 DEG C by acid anhydride, and reflux course mixture becomes solution, and reacting after 14-15h terminates, and is cooled to room
Temperature obtains 2,3,6 three propiono beta-cyclodextrins after revolving；
Preferably, the molar ratio of beta-cyclodextrin, sodium acetate, propionic acid and propionic andydride is 1:(0.8-1): (0.01-0.02): (10-
12)。
9. the preparation method of fertilizer special for peanuts according to claim 7, which is characterized in that coating method includes mechanical spray
It applies or manually coats.
10. according to the preparation method of the described in any item fertilizer special for peanuts of claim 7-9, which is characterized in that step (b) packet
It includes: being put into the first fertilizer core in rotary drum coating device, under the conditions of 40-50 DEG C, revolving speed 40-60r/min, sprayed into rotary drum
The second fertilizer layer powder is added after wrapping up slurry in first coating layer slurry into rotary drum again, and 10-20min discharges and air-dries；
Preferably, step (c) includes: that the coated fertilizer for obtaining step (b) is placed again into rotary drum coating device, in 25-38
DEG C, under the conditions of revolving speed 40-60r/min, expired yoghourt and the second coating layer slurry are successively sprayed into rotary drum, 10-15min goes out
Material obtains fertilizer special for peanuts after room temperature cooling is dry.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110156517A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | One cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112110767A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-22 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing active factors and preparation and application thereof |
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| CN107759328A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-06 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Poor rainfed land special peanut film-coating Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110156517A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | One cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112110767A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-22 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing active factors and preparation and application thereof |
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