CN112358354B - Bud-protecting special fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bud-protecting special fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112358354B CN112358354B CN202011239156.7A CN202011239156A CN112358354B CN 112358354 B CN112358354 B CN 112358354B CN 202011239156 A CN202011239156 A CN 202011239156A CN 112358354 B CN112358354 B CN 112358354B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bud-protecting special fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of formula fertilization, wherein the bud-protecting special fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of urea, 30-50 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-30 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-25 parts of vitamin, 3-10 parts of amino-oligosaccharide and 8-15 parts of humic acid, are specially researched and developed according to the special fertility requirement of daylily in full-bloom stage, have strong pertinence, greatly reduce the using amount of the fertilizer and save the cost of the fertilizer compared with a market fertilizer without pertinence; the fertilizer is a water-soluble nutrient component, is fast to dissolve, is fast in nutrient supply, has no any accessory ingredient, and does not block a drip irrigation pipeline; the processing and preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, the operation is easy, the production is flexible, the application is convenient, and the large-area popularization and application in the water-saving cultivation of the day lily are easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of formulated fertilization, in particular to a special bud-protecting fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Daylily (academic name: Hemerocallis citrina Baroni; English name: Daylily), and Daylily, Hemerocallis citrina, and Nepeta melanocarpa belonging to Liliales, Liliaceae. The daylily leaves are basal and in the shape of a long strip, the lower ends of the daylily leaves are overlapped and are all marginal, and the middle vein protrudes below the leaves. The flower stem is drawn out from the axilla of the leaf, the branch at the top of the stem blooms, the seeds are black and bright, the plant is generally higher, the scape is different in length, the capsule is blunt and trigone-shaped and elliptical, 40-60 days are needed from blooming to seed maturity, and the period of the flower and fruit is 5-9 months.
The full-bloom stage is a key stage in the day lily planting, and the guarantee of reasonable fertilization in the period is crucial to the yield and income increase of the day lily. In the traditional fertilization technology, the fertilization method is to directly mix fertilizers and then carry out topdressing, and because fertilization points are relatively concentrated, if irrigation quantity cannot be reasonably controlled, root necrosis of daylily or loss of the fertilizers along with water can be easily caused, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is reduced, and meanwhile, the production cost is increased. The input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilization process is not adjusted according to different requirements of the day lily in different growth periods, and the quality and the taste of the day lily are reduced due to excessive input of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Some farmers adopt a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization mode, but the used fertilizer has the defects of easy caking, poor solubility, more residues and the like, and the problem of blockage of the drip irrigation tape is easily caused. And the fertilizer requirement of the day lily in the full-bloom stage is not met, the yield and the quality of the day lily can not be improved, the competitiveness of the day lily quality in the planting yield interval of other day lily can not be improved, and the market share is not improved. Therefore, the quality of the day lily in the day lily demonstration area in Ningxia area is rapidly and effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily and the preparation method thereof, which not only can timely meet the special nutrient requirement of the day lily in the full-bloom period of continuous flowering plants, but also can save the using amount, realize the reduction and the yield increase, reasonably control the production investment and simultaneously improve the production target of the quality of the day lily. The invention effectively adjusts the outstanding problems of unreasonable proportion, poor solubility, more residues and the like of the existing fertilizer, and the solubility and the utilization rate of the quantized novel fertilizer are obviously improved. The product has high solubility, low residue rate, low dosage, strong pertinence and obvious fertilizer effect. Fertigation, simultaneous operation of fertilizer and water, and remarkable reduction of planting cost. Can realize multiple aims of increasing the yield of the day lily, improving the quality of the day lily and reasonably controlling the input of water resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a special bud-protecting fertilizer for water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of urea, 30-50 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-30 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-25 parts of vitamins, 3-10 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 8-15 parts of humic acid. The special fertilizer comprises a nutrient element N, P 2 O 5 、K 2 O, N of the nutrient elements is provided by urea, and P 2 O 5 From superphosphate andpotassium dihydrogen phosphate, said K 2 O is provided by potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
As a further improvement, the anti-caking agent further comprises 0.2-0.5 part by weight of an anti-caking agent and 5-8 parts by weight of a composite strain preparation. The special fertilizer also contains the anti-caking agent which is full water-soluble powder, so that the bud-protecting special fertilizer for the integrated water and fertilizer planting of the day lily is not easy to cake, has quick fertilizer efficiency, can promote the growth of crops and improve the soil environment and the soil fertility.
As a further improvement of the invention, the compound strain preparation is Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus megaterium to the bacillus subtilis is (1-3): (1-3): (1-2).
The bacillus used in the invention can generate various organic acids (such as lactic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid and the like) and inorganic acids (such as nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid, carbonic acid and the like), reduce the pH value in the environment, degrade insoluble phosphate into effective phosphorus, improve the utilization rate of the phosphorus and avoid the loss of the phosphorus after the phosphorus is dissolved in water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the mass parts, crushing the raw materials, and enabling the particle size of all the crushed raw materials to be less than or equal to 0.5 mm;
(2) uniformly mixing urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamins, and freeze-drying; the freeze drying treatment can maintain the effective components in the fertilizer, is beneficial to the absorption of the day lily in full-bloom stage, and improves the content of soluble protein, soluble total sugar and cellulose in the day lily;
(3) adding amino-oligosaccharin, humic acid, an anti-caking agent and a composite strain preparation into the product obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(4) and (4) passing the mixed material obtained in the step (3) through a quantum emitter to prepare the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily. The invention introduces quantum waves into the blended fertilizer by using a quantum technology, activates the activity of the effective components of the fertilizer by using an electronic wave functional field, improves the property of the blended fertilizer according to the special property of the quantum waves, and obtains a novel fertilizer by using a magnetic signal memory function.
Further, the preparation method of the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily further comprises the steps of further crushing and processing the fertilizer prepared by the quantum emitter through a high-speed mixing crusher, cooling, exhausting and packaging to obtain the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily.
As a further improvement of the invention, the step (2) is carried out at-10 ℃ to-50 ℃ for freeze drying.
The invention also provides a drip irrigation fertilization method for the full-bloom stage of the day lily, which comprises the steps of applying the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily, dissolving the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily in a fertilization barrel, and then applying the water-fertilizer integrated planting.
As a further improvement of the invention, the application amount of the special bud-protecting fertilizer is 15-20 kg/mu.
The invention adopts a mode of integrating water and fertilizer, satisfies the dual requirements of water and nutrient in the full-bloom stage of the day lily, improves the utilization efficiency of the water and fertilizer, has the advantages of good solubility, comprehensive fertility, less consumption and high utilization rate of the fertilizer, can satisfy the special fertilizer requirements of the day lily in the full-bloom stage, can prevent the flower bud from falling off and can improve the quality of the day lily, and has obvious effect.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) the special bud-keeping fertilizer for the day lily, which is obtained by the technology of the invention, contains quantum waves of the effective components of the fertilizer additive, changes some properties of the fertilizer, improves the utilization rate and the solubility of the fertilizer, can effectively reduce the yield reduction and the income reduction caused by improper fertilization compared with the traditional direct topdressing and the water-soluble fertilizer sold on the market, meets the fertilizer requirement characteristics of the day lily in the full-bloom period, has pertinence and scientificity, achieves the purpose of high-quality production increase of the day lily while reducing the cost of chemical fertilizer and labor, can well improve the contents of Vc, soluble protein, soluble total sugar, cellulose and other quality indexes of the day lily in the bud-keeping period by applying the special fertilizer for the bud-keeping period, and sequentially improves 55.83-69.73%, 31.89-38.81%, 20.68-42.51% and 40.52-57.53% compared with the traditional fertilization in the bud-keeping period;
(2) the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily has the advantages of comprehensive nutrient supply, low residue rate, good solubility, high crop absorption rate and high fertilizer utilization rate;
(3) the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily is not easy to agglomerate, has quick fertilizer efficiency, can promote the growth of crops and improve the soil environment and the soil fertility;
(4) the product uses the quantization technology to modify the fertilizer in the manufacturing process, can effectively improve soil micro-ecology after being applied to soil, activate soil to promote roots, resist lodging and enhance the disease resistance of the day lily;
(5) the special fertilizer for protecting buds of day lily in the full-bloom stage is developed on the basis of multi-point field tests for many years, combines soil fertility conditions in a planting demonstration area of day lily in Ningxia, is specially developed according to special fertility requirements of the day lily in the full-bloom stage, is strong in pertinence, greatly reduces the using amount of the fertilizer and saves the fertilizer cost compared with a market fertilizer without pertinence; the fertilizer is a water-soluble nutrient component, is fast to dissolve and fast to supply nutrients, has no any accessory ingredient, and does not block a drip irrigation pipeline; the processing and preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, the operation is easy, the production is flexible, the application is convenient, and the large-area popularization and application in the water-saving cultivation of the day lily are easy;
(6) according to the invention, the amino-oligosaccharin and the humic acid are added into the fertilizer, so that the stress resistance of the day lily is increased, the absorption utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, and the drought resistance and yield increase are achieved.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the documents are cited. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The anti-caking agent and the composite strain preparation are obtained by sale.
The proportion of the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily in the embodiments 1-6 is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
The mass ratio of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain preparation of the embodiments 1-3 is 1: 1: 2; in examples 4 to 6, the mass ratio of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain preparation is 3: 3: 1.
example 7
The raw material ratio was the same as that in example 4 except that no amino-oligosaccharin was added.
Example 8
The raw material ratio is the same as that in example 4, except that the compound strain preparation is not added.
Example 9
The raw material ratio is the same as that in example 4, except that the composite strain preparation is only added with the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus megaterium.
Example 10
The raw material ratio is the same as that in example 4, but the difference is that the mass ratio of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain preparation is 6: 2: 1.
the preparation method of the water and fertilizer integrated planting bud protection special fertilizer for day lily in the embodiment 1-10 comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the mass parts, crushing the raw materials, and crushing all the raw materials to obtain particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.5 mm;
(2) mixing urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamins uniformly, and freeze-drying at-10 deg.C;
(3) adding amino-oligosaccharin, humic acid, an anti-caking agent and a composite strain preparation into the product obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(4) and (4) preparing the special fertilizer for the day lily in the full-bloom stage by using the mixed material obtained in the step (3) through a quantum emitter.
(5) And further crushing and processing the fertilizer prepared by the quantum emitter by a high-speed mixing crusher, cooling, exhausting air and packaging to obtain the bud-protecting special fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily.
The special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily is drip-irrigated with water, and is dissolved in a fertilizing barrel, and then the fertilizer and the water are applied integrally, wherein the application amount is 15 kg/mu.
Example 11
The raw material ratio was the same as that of example 4, except that the freeze-drying step was not performed in the preparation method.
Application example
Performing a day lily bud protection fertilizer effect field test in a day lily planting demonstration park of Huian fort in Ningxia Wuzhou salt pond county, and performing a comparison test on the yield and quality of the day lily by adopting the same-period water and fertilizer integrated planting bud protection fertilizer and conventional fertilizer application of the day lily in a field;
treatment 1: and (3) applying fertilizers to the daylily in the CK full-bloom stage in a conventional manner, keeping the modes unchanged in other periods, and performing drip irrigation and topdressing.
Treatment 2-12: the special day lily bud-protecting fertilizer independently developed in the examples 1-11 is sequentially applied to the day lily in the full-bloom stage, the fertilization mode is unchanged in other periods, the drip irrigation and the top dressing are performed, and the irrigation quantity is the same as CK.
(1) Influence of integration of water and fertilizer on quality of day lily in bud-preserving period
As shown in Table 2, compared with the traditional fertilizer for the bud-preserving period, the application of the special fertilizer for the bud-preserving period can well improve the content of quality indexes such as Vc, soluble protein, soluble total sugar and cellulose of day lily in the bud-preserving period, and sequentially improve the content of the quality indexes such as Vc, soluble protein, soluble total sugar and cellulose in the bud-preserving period by 55.83-69.73%, 31.89-38.81%, 20.68-42.51% and 40.52-57.53% compared with CK.
TABLE 2 influence of the fertilizer specially used for bud protection on the quality index of day lily (unit: mg/100g)
| Vc | Soluble proteins | Soluble total sugar | Cellulose, process for producing the same, and process for producing the same | |
| Process 1 | 4.03 | 90.47 | 45.85 | 10.29 |
| Treatment 2 | 6.28 | 119.32 | 55.32 | 14.46 |
| Treatment 3 | 6.56 | 123.58 | 58.92 | 15.95 |
| Treatment 4 | 6.84 | 125.83 | 65.34 | 16.21 |
| Treatment 5 | 6.24 | 121.31 | 62.14 | 16.04 |
| Process 6 | 6.25 | 120.24 | 63.10 | 15.89 |
| Treatment 7 | 6.35 | 120.85 | 64.12 | 15.68 |
| Treatment 8 | 5.12 | 95.21 | 50.23 | 12.21 |
| Process 9 | 4.51 | 92.85 | 47.58 | 10.57 |
| Process 10 | 4.98 | 100.21 | 50.23 | 11.21 |
| Process 11 | 5.02 | 101.23 | 51.23 | 11.02 |
| Treatment 12 | 4.21 | 91.32 | 46.23 | 11.25 |
(2) Influence of water and fertilizer integrated planting on main agricultural treatment and yield of day lily
As shown in Table 3, the water and fertilizer integration has a remarkable effect on the plant height of the day lily, and the plant height of the fertilizer special for applying and protecting buds is remarkably increased. Meanwhile, the scape is high, the number of the buds of the scape, the diameter of the single flower and the weight average of the fresh single buds have different amplitudes of improving effect. The application of the bud-protecting special fertilizer has the same obvious effect on the improvement of the yield of the day lily.
TABLE 3 influence of special bud-protecting fertilizer on the main agronomic symptoms and yield of daylily
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of day lily is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40kg of urea, 50kg of calcium superphosphate, 22kg of monopotassium phosphate, 23kg of vitamin, 7kg of amino-oligosaccharin, 8kg of humic acid, 0.4kg of anti-caking agent and 5kg of compound strain preparation;
the composite strain preparation comprises bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megatherium and bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio is 3: 3: 1;
the preparation method of the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water and fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, crushing the raw materials, and enabling the particle size of all the crushed raw materials to be less than or equal to 0.5 mm;
(2) uniformly mixing urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamins, and freeze-drying at-10 deg.C;
(3) adding amino-oligosaccharin, humic acid, an anti-caking agent and a composite strain preparation into the product obtained in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
(4) and (4) passing the mixed material obtained in the step (3) through a quantum emitter to prepare the special bud-protecting fertilizer for the water-fertilizer integrated planting of the day lily.
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| CN104311364A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 姜海艳 | Special fertilizer for day lily and preparation method thereof |
| CN105801198A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王丕杰 | Fertilization method for yield increase of daylily |
| CN104788263A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-22 | 王龙潮 | Composite soil conditioner |
| CN108358695A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-03 | 武汉楚强生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cabbage formula fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
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