CN107691772A - Swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107691772A CN107691772A CN201711176287.3A CN201711176287A CN107691772A CN 107691772 A CN107691772 A CN 107691772A CN 201711176287 A CN201711176287 A CN 201711176287A CN 107691772 A CN107691772 A CN 107691772A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
A kind of swimming crab feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100~200, bone meal 30~50, Pomacea canaliculata 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses 10~20, earthworm powder 8~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1~3.The swimming crab feed compatibility of the present invention is superior, fermented using complex enzyme, not only containing nutritional ingredients such as abundant celluloses and carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, trace element, it is possible to increase the immunity of swimming crab, effectively reduce feed cost and improve swimming crab delicious meat degree.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, and in particular to a kind of swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Swimming crab, some places are commonly called as " Blue Swimming Crab ".Because carapace is in shuttle shape, therefore named shuttle.The center of crust has three
Projection, so also known as " Portunus trituberculatus Miers ", belonging to arthropod.Male navel is sharp and smooth, and chela grows up, shell surface band cyan；Female
Navel justifies villous, and shell surface is in reddish brown, or spottiness.Shuttle crab meat fertilizer is delicious, there is higher nutritive value and economic value, and suitable
It is suitable for seawater temporarily to support getting fat.Carapace fusiformis, wide is almost long 2 times；Carapace surface has 2 covered with tiny particle
Particle transverse direction Long Di and 3 verrucas；Volume has 2 sharp mouths；Cephalolateral margin has 9 sharp mouths, and the last long thorn-like of tooth is outstanding.Chela
Pin is sturdy, and length is grown compared with body width；Meropodium is prismatic, and male meropodium is more slender, and leading edge has 4 sharp spine.
The swimming crab breeding season, in ALONG COASTAL FUJIAN from 3~April to 11~December, removes in Huanghai-Bohai seas from 4~May to early winter
Outside two sexually matured stud matings, not yet fully grown female body is also subjected to mating sometimes.Annual 4~May, female crab are whirled
Trip, it is gathered in Nearshore Shallow Sea bay or river mouth and nearby breeds, the embryonated egg of output is embraced on the abdominal appendage of belly, every female crab breeding
Season can produce 2~3 deutovums, and about for hundreds of thousands to 2,000,000, the ovum of firm output is yellow to sum, is changed into dark brown after about 2 weeks.Incubate
Zoea larva is turned to, seeks life of swimming, totally 5 phase, megalopa stage is entered after the husking of the 5th phase, then children is become through 1 husking
Crab, about pass through more than 20 shell from small to large.General Life about 3 years.Portunus trituberculatus Miers is grown up quickly, and weight limit is up to 0.5
Kilogram.
The fishing season of swimming crab has spring and autumn twice in 1 year, and fishing season length, yield is high, and body pork is more, and delicious is nutritious, especially
It is ovary and liver.Ovary can be made for first-class flavouring.Meat can also make can, enjoy a good market both at home and abroad in addition to eating raw.Shell can be made
Medicinal material is used, and be can extract chitin again, is widely used in a variety of industry.The Huanghai Sea and East Sea annual production respectively have about 1~20,000 tons.For in
The most important marine products crab of state, economic implications are great.There is Portunus pelagicus (P.pelagicus) and red in the allied species South Sea and the East Sea
Star swimming crab (P.san-guinolentus), it is common economic seed at the South Sea.
It is swimming crab fine and tender taste, pure white, rich in protein, fat and several mineral materials.Swimming crab is wandered trip season in the winter time
Individual is the most healthy and the strongest, general 250 grams or so of weight, maximum up to 500 grams.The female red cream of crab completely covers, excellent in taste.Swimming crab can be fresh
Food, or steam or decoct or fry, or one slices into halves stewed beans plate sauce, or with crab fried rice cake, to fry salted vegetables, cooked beans rotten, be region following the line of the sea residence
Normal dish on people's dining table.Also can salt down food, exactly put into bittern fresh swimming crab and soak, and be edible after a few days, be commonly called as " new
Wind robs crab '.Past, fisherman often select cream crab completely living, Huang are picked in bowl, exposes to the weather and makes its solidification because swimming crab yield is high,
" crab berry cake ", flavor is particularly good, but yield is few, and common people's difficulty tastes this taste.
With the continuous social and economic development, people are increasing to the demand of swimming crab.Swimming crab one is to fish freshwater mussel
Class and corn grain class are main food source, there is feed cost it is higher the defects of.With livestock and poultry, the hair of culture fishery
Exhibition is swift and violent, causes the nervous and short of feedstuff resource needed for raising, particularly protein resource is more nervous.Wherein egg
The shortage of white matter feedstuff has turned into the first restriction factor of China's feed industrial development, due to the decline of high-quality fish meal yield, meat
The problems such as rabid ox disease is carried out in bone meal contaminated zone causes the in short supply of animal protein feed.Develop a kind of high-quality swimming crab feed into
For the task of top priority.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pollution-free, high yield, has natural antimicrobial substance
Animal protein swimming crab feed, not only containing abundant cellulose and carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, trace element etc.
Nutritional ingredient, it is possible to increase the immunity of swimming crab, effectively reduce feed cost and improve swimming crab delicious meat degree.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of swimming crab feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100~200, bone meal 30~50, Fu Shou
Spiral shell 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses 10~20, earthworm powder 8
~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1~3.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 3-5, trypsase 8-10, pectase 6-8, β-Portugal
Dextranase 10-15；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Bone meal is the leftover bits and pieces that animal sources grocery trade is made in self-control in the future（Mammalian tissues and bone, not including fur, remove
Non- fur and head and hoof tips adhesion）, the product by refining oil, after dry and crushing, calcic 28%, phosphorus 13.5%.
Pomacea canaliculata, Ampullariidae bottle spiral shell category mollusk, outward appearance is extremely similar to river snail, and individual is big, feeding habits are wide, adaptability
By force, growth and breeding is fast, yield is high.The meat and shell of Pomacea canaliculata, it is good protein and calcareous source, according to analysis：Fresh good fortune
Longevity spiral shell spiral shell meat, it is up to 15.4% containing protein, equally matched with fish, meat, higher than eggs.Dry powder is such as made, its protein
Content may be up to 60%, be compared favourably with the peru fish meal that the world proclaims oneself king.Pomacea canaliculata is not only high containing protein, not only can effectively mend
The protein needed for swimming crab growth is filled, and feed cost can be reduced.
Earthworm powder is a kind of organic pulvis rich in high protein, amino acid, hormone and growth inducing element.In livestock and poultry cultivation
It is used as feed addictive in industry, can not only improves the production performance of livestock and poultry, improves the quality of animal products, but also can carry
The immunocompetence of high livestock and poultry, a variety of livestock and poultries can also be treated also with earthworm powder.The protein content of earthworm powder is very
It is abundant, protein content average out to 54.60%, reach as high as 71.0%.Although slightly below peru fish meal, higher than yeast for animal feeds and
Soya-bean cake, it is 6 times of corn.The protein content of earthworm powder is suitable with imported fish meal, higher than domestic fish meal.After adding earthworm powder, move
The carnification of thing obtains delicious.Although gal4 amino acid composition necessary to animal development due to the kind of earthworm and the place of production not
Together, its species and content difference, but very abundant.Arginine, tryptophan, lysine, methionine contained by earthworm powder
It is more complete with the animal essential amino acid species such as cystine.The composition of various essential amino acids is better than soya-bean cake and jade with content
Rice is suitable close to fish meal, and yeast for animal feeds.Contain abundant lipid, including saturated fatty acid in earthworm powder（Palmitic acid, 15
Alkanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, Heptadecanoic acide, octadecanoid acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, butanedioic acid and esters etc.）, unrighted acid（Oil
Acid, linoleic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, arachidonic acid, γ-linoleic acid etc.）And sterols（Wherein cholesterol level highest）, this
Outside also containing ergostadiene acid -7,22- alcohol -3a and ergot alkene -5- alcohol -3a.Its unsaturated fatty acid content is high, saturated fat
Acid content is very low.Also containing abundant vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin E and various trace elements, hormone, enzyme and sugar
Class material.
Calcium carbonate is to insert calcium carbonate rubble in disintegrating machine to be crushed；Calcium carbonate water after crushing is rinsed and ground
It is milled to 60~100 mesh.Appropriate addition calcium carbonate can promote digestion, absorption and metabolism of the swimming crab to calcium and phosphorus.In right amount
Addition calcium superphosphate can supplement water body P elements and calcium constituent, beneficial to swimming crab shell.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：10~15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25~30 grams of soybean lecithin, sea
8~10 grams of mosanom, 1~3 gram of saccharicter-penin, 6~8 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 6~8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5~1.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, carrot 6~8
Gram；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6~8 times of weight waters it is well mixed after heat, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, during heating
Between be 10~15 minutes, after cooling by filtering, filtrate concentration after obtain the additive.
Manna oligosacchride is also known as mannan-oligosaccharides, is a kind of novel antigens active matter extracted from Yeast Cultivation cell membrane
Matter, it is widely present in konjaku flour, melon bean gum, sesbania gum and multiple-microorganism cell membrane.Because it not only has low-heat, steady
The good physicochemical property such as fixed, safe and non-toxic, also there is protection enteron aisle and improve the effect such as immunity, foreign countries are as feeding
Feed additives are widely used in feed industry.
Soybean lecithin is the product extracted from the oil foot of production soybean oil, is by glycerine, aliphatic acid, choline or cholamine institute
The ester of composition, grease and non-polar solven can be dissolved in.The constituent of soybean lecithin is complicated, mainly contains lecithin（About
34.2%）, cephalin（About 19.7%）, lipositol（About 16.0%）, phosphatidyl serine（About 15.8%）, phosphatidic acid（About 3.6%）
And other phosphatide（About 10.7%）.Thick liquid or the white solid powder to light brown for shallow yellow to brown.Numerous studies table
Bright, the diet containing a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce the thickness of livestock and poultry subcutaneous fat.Containing substantial amounts of in soybean lecithin
The polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, leukotrienes, it can not only promote the eubolism of fat, it is unnecessary to decompose, digest and absorb
Cholesterol；In addition, soybean lecithin by adjusting cell membrane function, changes the mobility of cell membrane, permeability, function of receptors, film
The activity and macrophage of desmoenzyme and lymphocyte function etc. and influence the activity of animal immune cell.In soybean lecithin
Leukotrienes can effectively adjust the generation of arachidonic acid, leukotrienes and prostaglandin, accelerate antibody tormation and reduce inflammation
Reaction, reduce the accumulation of ketoboidies in liver.Therefore, soybean lecithin can strengthen body immunity, improve the resistance against diseases of livestock and poultry
And survival rate.
Sodium alginate is that the accessory substance after iodine and mannitol is extracted from the sea-tangle or sargassum of brown algae, its molecule by
Beta-D-mannuronic acid（β-D-mannuronic, M）With α-L- guluronic acids（α-L-guluronic, G）Press（1→4）Key connects
Connect and form, be a kind of natural polysaccharide, there is stability, dissolubility, viscosity and security needed for pharmaceutical preparation auxiliary material.Alginic acid
Sodium is widely applied in food industry and field of medicaments.
Saccharicter-penin (Saccharicter-penin) is by carbohydrate（≥30%）, glycocide（≥30%）With organic acid composition
Natural bioactivity substance.It is the mixture of the triterpene saponin and carbohydrate extracted from Camellia Plants seed grouts, is one
Kind brown color, ashless fine shape crystallization.It has to animal improves immune, anti-disease, resisting stress, anti-oxidant, raising animal life
Performance is produced, improves the effect such as animal product, and plays the role of to eliminate heavy metal to animal body harm.Safe to use, nontoxic pair
Effect, inorganization remain, without the resistance to the action of a drug.Containing for the heavy metal such as heavy metal cadmium, lead, arsenic in animal muscle and liver can substantially be removed
Amount, improve the content of threonine in intramuscular fat and muscle.
Semen Cuscutae（Classification systemCuscuta chinensis）, also known as SEMEN CUSCUTAE, Tu silks it is real, without ma rattan, dodder laurel, Tu
Rattan, Tu threads, wild fox silk, beans parasitism, herba fibraureae recisae, trailing plants silk etc., are annual parasitic herbaceous plant.Plant is very luxuriant, and stem twines
Around yellow is very thin, diameter about 1.5mm, multi-branched, can bear parasitic root everywhere, stretch into pin main body.Leaf is rare, flakey,
Triangular shape is avette, flower both sexes.Plant is harvested during autumn fruit maturation, is dried, lays seed, removes impurity.Nature and flavor：It is sweet, temperature.
Channel tropism：Return liver, kidney, the spleen channel.Major function：Nourishing liver and kidney, astringent sperm contracting urine is antiabortive, improving eyesight, antidiarrheal.For impotence and seminal emission, urine has
The heeltap, enuresis frequent micturition, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, blurred vision tinnitus, vaginal bleeding due to deficiency of the kidney during pregnancy, fetal irritability, spleen kidney deficiency are rushed down；Externally treating leucoderma.It is added to
In the feed of animal, Immune Function In Animals and anti-stress ability can be effectively improved, adjusts body metabolism, promotes nutriment
Digest and assimilate, have certain fattening effect.
Radix glycyrrhizae（Radix Glycyrrhizae）, glycyrrhizic legume, swollen fruit Radix or glycyrrhiza glabra dry root and
Rhizome, radix glycyrrhizae contain a variety of chemical compositions, and main component has glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin etc..The chemical composition of radix glycyrrhizae is extremely complex, mesh
Before untill the compound isolated from radix glycyrrhizae have glycyrrhizin, enoxolone, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, neoliquriitin, strange
Liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin and licoricidin, glycyrol, isoglycyrol, 7- methylcoumarins essence, umbelliferone etc.
Tens of kinds of compounds.Substantial amounts of research shows that glycyrrhizin and Flavonoid substances are most important physiological activators in radix glycyrrhizae,
The part being primarily present within radix glycyrrhizae epiblem.Radix glycyrrhizae is to some drugses poisoning, food poisoning, heavy metal poisoning, internal generation
Thanking to product poisoning has certain detoxification ability.The effective ingredient of detoxication is glycyrrhizin, and detoxication mechanisms are glycyrrhizin
There is suction-operated to poisonous substance, glycyrrhizin hydrolysate glucuronic acid can be combined with poisonous substance, and glycyrrhizin is known as adrenal gland
Cortin sample acts on, and strengthens the result of detoxification ability of liver etc. combined factors effect.
Tea Polyphenols（Tea Polyphenols）It is the general name of Polyphenols of Tea, including flavanol compound, anthocyanin
Class, flavonoids, flavonols and phenolic acid class etc..Predominantly flavanols（Catechin）Class, catechin account for 60 ~ 80%.Class material tea
Polyphenol is also known as tea tan or tea tannin, is one of Main Ingredients and Appearance to form tealeaves color, smell and taste, and have the master of healthcare function in tealeaves
Want one of composition.Research shows, the removing toxic substances of Tea Polyphenols isoreactivity material tool and radiation resistance, can effectively prevent radioactive substance
Marrow is invaded, and strontium 90 and Co 60 can be made to excrete rapidly, is described as " radiation jinx " by health and medical field.
Carrot（Scientific name：Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm.）, also known as carrot or sweet Xun, for open country
Carrot（Scientific name：Daucus carota L. var. carota）Mutation, this mutation and former mutation difference is root meat,
Conico-acuminate, thick fertilizer take on a red color or yellow.Carrot is effective row's mercury food.The a large amount of pectin contained can be combined with mercury,
The concentration of mercury ion in blood is effectively reduced, accelerates its discharge.Some carrots are fed daily, can be with the blood of stimulating gastrointestinal
Circulation, improves digestive system, and resistance causes disease, the free radical of aging.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~
1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH
To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying
It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described swimming crab feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and bone meal are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight
Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling
It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis
Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time
For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine
Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial
85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes
Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the swimming crab feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band
In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of swimming crab feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, swimming crab feed compatibility of the invention is superior, is fermented using complex enzyme, not only containing abundant cellulose and
The nutritional ingredients such as carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin, trace element, it is possible to increase the immunity of swimming crab, effectively reduce feed cost
And improve swimming crab delicious meat degree；
2nd, the present invention is green, can significantly reduce feeding cost, have the great market development and application prospect；
3rd, product of the present invention optimizes feed and matched somebody with somebody for swimming crab to the nutrient demand species of feed and the otherness of demand
Side, effectively reduces unnecessary feed waste, reduces the input of the feed such as traditional fish and corn, greatly reduce feed
Cost is so as to improve the income of crab farming, while the swimming crab head of cultivation out is big, Fresh ＆ Tender in Texture；
4th, present invention addition in feed particular for the formula of swimming crab complex enzyme, can be interacted and adjusted, can supplement
The deficiency of endogenous enzyme activity, albumen conversion ratio is drastically increased, while these enzymes and beneficial microbe can also adjust swimming crab
Digestive system, strengthen the absorption to feed nutrition；
5th, feed addictive of the invention produces the rule of toxic action according to heavy metal in swimming crab body, can wide spectrum Adsorption of Lead,
Cadmium, arsenic, mercury, nickel, tin and antimony, adsorption capacity is strong, is not influenceed by pH in swimming crab body, can be acted under extensive pH scopes,
The noresidue in swimming crab body, using deleterious effects of the heavy metal to swimming crab can be eliminated after the additive, improve swimming crab
Quality, feed efficiency and immunity function, reduce heavy metal and remained in following process product；
6th, the present invention can improve feed intake with swimming crab, improve feed efficiency for the additive of swimming crab design, can be with
Immunologic function is adjusted, strengthens resistance against diseases, reduces diarrhea rate, it is possible to reduce the use of antibiotic, reduces feed cost and cultivation
Cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of swimming crab feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100, bone meal 30, excessively Pomacea canaliculata 20, phosphorus
It is sour calcium 10, shrimp shell 10, calcium carbonate 10, sea salt 10, molasses 10, earthworm powder 8, complex enzyme 8, additive 6, compound amino acid 4, micro
Element 1.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 3, trypsase 8, pectase 6,1,4 beta-glucanase
10；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Bone meal bone meal is the leftover bits and pieces that animal sources grocery trade is made in self-control in the future（Mammalian tissues and bone, not including skin
Hair, unless fur and head and hoof tips adhesion）, the product by refining oil, after dry and crushing, calcic 28%, phosphorus 13.5%.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：10 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 8
Gram, 1 gram of saccharicter-penin, 6 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 6 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 6 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus
Heated after 6~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling
Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~
1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH
To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying
It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described swimming crab feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and bone meal are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight
Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling
It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis
Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time
For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine
Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial
85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes
Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the swimming crab feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band
In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of swimming crab feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of swimming crab feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100~200, bone meal 40, Pomacea canaliculata 25,
Calcium superphosphate 15, shrimp shell 15, calcium carbonate 15, sea salt 15, molasses 15, earthworm powder 9, complex enzyme 9, additive 7, compound amino acid 5,
Trace element 2.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 4, trypsase 9, pectase 7,1,4 beta-glucanase
13；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Bone meal bone meal is the leftover bits and pieces that animal sources grocery trade is made in self-control in the future（Mammalian tissues and bone, not including skin
Hair, unless fur and head and hoof tips adhesion）, the product by refining oil, after dry and crushing, calcic 28%, phosphorus 13.5%.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：13 grams of manna oligosacchride, 28 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 9
Gram, 2 grams of saccharicter-penin, 7 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 7 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 1 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 7 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6
Heated after~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling
Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~
1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH
To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying
It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described swimming crab feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and bone meal are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight
Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling
It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis
Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time
For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine
Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial
85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes
Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the swimming crab feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band
In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of swimming crab feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of swimming crab feed, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100~200, bone meal 50, Pomacea canaliculata 30,
Calcium superphosphate 20, shrimp shell 20, calcium carbonate 20, sea salt 20, molasses 20, earthworm powder 10, complex enzyme 10, additive 8, compound amino acid
6th, trace element 3.
Complex enzyme includes the component of following parts by weight：Cellulase 5, trypsase 10, pectase 8,1,4 beta-glucanase
15；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C and places 40-50 minutes and can obtain the complex enzyme.
Bone meal is the leftover bits and pieces that animal sources grocery trade is made in self-control in the future（Mammalian tissues and bone, not including fur, remove
Non- fur and head and hoof tips adhesion）, the product by refining oil, after dry and crushing, calcic 28%, phosphorus 13.5%.
The weight proportion of additive composition includes following raw material：15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 30 grams of soybean lecithin, sodium alginate 10
Gram, 3 grams of saccharicter-penin, 8 grams of Semen Cuscutae, 8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 1.5 grams of Tea Polyphenols, 8 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus
Heated after 6~8 times of weight waters are well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by mistake after cooling
Filter, the additive is obtained after filtrate concentration.
Trace element is iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~
1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
Compound amino acid is to use poultry feather, animal skin and rice residue as raw material, crushes, adds water to be beaten, first adjust pH
To 7.5 ~ 8.0, amylase and lipase are added, temperature is maintained at 45~55 DEG C, digests 16 hours, obtains hydrolyzate, powder after drying
It is broken to produce compound amino acid；It is 1 to add amylase and lipase ratio:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
Described swimming crab feed, its preparation method comprise the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and bone meal are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight
Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling
It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis
Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time
For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine
Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial
85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes
Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the swimming crab feed.
Fermenting cellar is fermented using fermentation vat, tank or Plastic Drum, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while uses rubber band
In a down-to-earth manner.
The moisture of swimming crab feed is adjusted to the 20%-25% of final finished.
Contrast test：
Test site is located at Guangxi province Nanning City Heng County Fishery technical centre for spreading.Time is a natural growth cycle, test tank
It it is all on March 10, -2017 years on the 20th May in 2016 with control pond.
Test tank 1-3 and control pond are set altogether, and test tank and the specification for compareing pond are 6 × 667m2Rectangle pond, experiment
The swimming crab young in pond and control pond provides by Guangxi aquatic products research institute.Test tank 1-3 is corresponded to respectively feeds the application implementation
The swimming crab feed that example 1-3 is prepared, control pond feed the feed based on fish bivalves and corn grain class（Protein content is
30%~40%）, test tank and control pond feeding amount are essentially identical, per 667m2650~700kg of total feeding volume.Test data is such as
Under：
Claims (9)
1. a kind of swimming crab feed, it is characterised in that it includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Jasmine slag 100~200, bone
Powder 30~50, Pomacea canaliculata 20~30, calcium superphosphate 10~20, shrimp shell 10~20, calcium carbonate 10~20, sea salt 10~20, molasses
10~20, earthworm powder 8~10, complex enzyme 8~10, additive 6~8, compound amino acid 4~6, trace element 1~3.
2. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the complex enzyme includes the group of following parts by weight
Point：Cellulase 3-5, trypsase 8-10, pectase 6-8,1,4 beta-glucanase 10-15；Each component is mixed at 35~45 DEG C
It is that can obtain the complex enzyme to close placement 40-50 minutes.
3. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bone meal is that animal-derived food is made in self-control in the future
The leftover bits and pieces of industry, the product by refining oil, after dry and crushing, calcic 28%, phosphorus 13.5%.
4. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight proportion of the additive composition include with
Lower raw material：10~15 grams of manna oligosacchride, 25~30 grams of soybean lecithin, 8~10 grams of sodium alginate, 1~3 gram of saccharicter-penin, Semen Cuscutae 6
~8 grams, 6~8 grams of radix glycyrrhizae, 0.5~1.5 gram of Tea Polyphenols, 6~8 grams of carrot；Its preparation method is：By above-mentioned raw materials plus 6~8 times
Heated after weight water is well mixed, heating-up temperature is 100 DEG C, and the heat time is 10~15 minutes, by filtering, filtrate after cooling
The additive is obtained after concentration.
5. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described trace element for iron, copper, zinc, potassium, manganese and
Magnesium；Iron, copper, zinc, potassium, the mass ratio of manganese and magnesium are 1~1.5:1~1.5:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.5~1:0.6~0.8.
6. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compound amino acid be using poultry feather,
Animal skin and rice residue are raw material, crush, add water to be beaten, and first adjust pH to 7.5 ~ 8.0, add amylase and lipase, temperature
45~55 DEG C are maintained at, is digested 16 hours, is obtained hydrolyzate, crushed after drying and produce compound amino acid；Add amylase and fat
Enzyme ratio is 1:1, addition percentage by weight is 1 %~3%.
7. swimming crab feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its preparation method comprises the following steps：
（1）Bagasse and bone meal are dried through tower drier, and water content is 8%~10% after drying；
（2）By the cooked rear drying and crushing of Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea canaliculata, earthworm powder and shrimp shell is taken to add 4~6 times of weight according to parts by weight
Water simultaneously carries out mixing quenched, obtained fermentation material wet basis；
（3）Sea salt and molasses are taken to heat 10~20 minutes according to parts by weight, heating-up temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C, is added after cooling
It is well mixed into fermentation material wet basis；
（4）In step（3）Calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, complex enzyme, addition are added in parts by weight in obtained fermentation material wet basis
Agent, compound amino acid and trace element, it is placed in fermenting cellar at 15~55 DEG C and is fermented after well mixed, fermentation time
For 15~20 days；
（5）By step（4）Gains after fermenting enzyme solution terminates are dried, and are put into after being sufficiently mixed swollen in ring mode bulking machine
Change, control the temperature of bulking machine between 65 DEG C~75 DEG C, puffing time is 1~2 hour, is by the aridity of bulking meterial
85%~95%；
（5）Material after will be expanded, which is transferred in ring mode grit machine, is produced into precipitation hard particles feed, and with 160 meshes
Sieving, every weight is 2 grams, and is packed by required weight and obtain the swimming crab feed.
8. swimming crab feed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described fermenting cellar is using fermentation vat, tank or modeling
Charging basket is fermented, sealing covered rearing with plastic film, while sturdy with rubber band.
9. swimming crab feed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the moisture of the swimming crab feed is adjusted to final
The 20%-25% of finished product.
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ID=61180680
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108935946A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-07 | 谢向萌 | A kind of preparation method of Jasmine slag sheep feed |
| CN109123120A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-04 | 谢向萌 | A method of sheep feed is prepared using Jasmine slag |
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| CN105010872A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 郑荣 | Ostrich feed and production method thereof |
| CN106721606A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-05-31 | 防城港市永贺水产科技发展有限公司 | A kind of swimming crab feed |
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| CN105010872A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 郑荣 | Ostrich feed and production method thereof |
| CN106721606A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-05-31 | 防城港市永贺水产科技发展有限公司 | A kind of swimming crab feed |
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