CN102150251B - 基板处理装置及基板处理方法 - Google Patents

基板处理装置及基板处理方法 Download PDF

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CN102150251B
CN102150251B CN2009801351534A CN200980135153A CN102150251B CN 102150251 B CN102150251 B CN 102150251B CN 2009801351534 A CN2009801351534 A CN 2009801351534A CN 200980135153 A CN200980135153 A CN 200980135153A CN 102150251 B CN102150251 B CN 102150251B
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小暮公男
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Abstract

基板处理装置具备环状支架、环状掩模、旋转载物台。支架具有支承基板的外缘部的基板支承部、设置为比基板支承部更靠向外周侧且更向上方突出的掩模支承部、设置在基板支承部与掩模支承部之间的凹部。掩模与支架的掩模支承部重叠,覆盖支架的凹部及基板支承部。旋转载物台具有静电吸附面、设置为比静电吸附面更靠向外周侧且更靠向下方的支架放置部。在基板吸附于静电吸附面且支架放置于支架放置部的状态下,基板的外缘部从静电吸附面向支架放置部侧突出,基板支承部相对于基板的外缘部向下方离开,掩模相对于基板的外缘部向上方离开。

Description

基板处理装置及基板处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及基板处理装置及基板处理方法,尤其应用于厚度很薄的基板的处理。
背景技术
在对基板在真空中进行薄膜形成、表面改性、干式蚀刻等处理的基板处理中存在将基板放在支架上进行处理的情况。例如,在专利文献1中公开有如下内容,在放入有底支架凹部的基板上再放上环形卡盘,并在该状态下连同支架一起被静电吸附于静电卡盘,以便对基板进行处理。
专利文献1:日本国特开2003-59998号公报
尤其在作为处理对象的基板是厚度非常薄的半导体晶片的情况下,因晶片外缘部与支架的接触等,容易产生晶片外缘部破损。这里的问题是,如果晶片的碎片掉到搬运手或静电卡盘上,则以下问题令人担心:在它们与晶片之间夹进碎片,对晶片的元件形成面造成损伤;引起晶片破碎;如果静电卡盘表面是聚酰亚胺等柔软原材料,碎片则会进入,到达静电卡盘用的电极而造成短路等。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述问题而进行的,提供能够避免由于基板碎片的原因而产生不良状况的基板处理装置及基板处理方法。
根据本发明的一个形态,提供一种基板处理装置,其特征在于,具备:环状支架,其具有支承基板的外缘部的基板支承部、设置为比所述基板支承部更靠向外周侧且更向上方突出的掩模支承部、设置在所述基板支承部与所述掩模支承部之间的凹部;环状掩模,在与所述支架的所述掩模支承部重叠的状态下,覆盖所述支架的所述凹部及所述基板支承部;及旋转载物台,其具有静电吸附面、设置为比所述静电吸附面更靠向外周侧且更靠向下方的支架放置部,在所述基板吸附于所述静电吸附面且所述支架放置于所述支架放置部的状态下,所述基板的所述外缘部从所述静电吸附面向所述支架放置部侧突出,所述基板支承部相对于所述基板的所述外缘部向下方离开,所述掩模相对于所述基板的所述外缘部向上方离开。
而且,根据本发明的另一个形态,提供一种基板处理方法,其特征在于,在使具有基板支承部和设置为比所述基板支承部更靠向外周侧且更向上方突出的掩模支承部的环状支架的所述基板支承部支承基板的外缘部,且由与所述掩模支承部重叠的环状掩模来覆盖所述基板的所述外缘部的状态下,使所述支架及所述掩模向具有静电吸附面和设置为比所述静电吸附面更靠向外周侧且更靠向下方的支架放置部的旋转载物台移动,在所述基板吸附于所述静电吸附面,所述支架放置于所述支架放置部,所述基板支承部相对于从所述静电吸附面向所述支架放置部侧突出的所述外缘部向下方离开,且所述掩模相对于所述外缘部向上方离开的状态下,在使所述旋转载物台旋转的同时对所述基板进行处理,在所述基板的处理后,在保持所述支架放置于所述支架放置部且所述掩模与所述掩模支承部重叠的状态下,解除对所述基板的静电吸附力。
根据本发明,可提供能够避免由于基板碎片的原因而产生不良状况的基板处理装置及基板处理方法。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方式涉及的基板保持构件的模式剖视图。
图2是本发明的实施方式涉及的基板处理装置的模式图。
图3是搬运机器人的模式立体图。
图4是在本发明的实施方式涉及的基板处理方法中,表示基板被静电吸附在旋转载物台的静电吸附面,且支架放置于旋转载物台的支架放置部的状态下的主要部分的放大模式图。
图5是表示图2、图4所示的旋转载物台的支架放置部的其他具体例的模式图。
符号说明
10-保持构件;11-支架;12-掩模支承部;13-晶片支承部(基板支承部);14-凹部;21-掩模;30-处理室;32-旋转载物台;32a-静电吸附面;32b-支架放置部;34-靶。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。在本发明的实施方式中,针对如下具体例进行说明,例如将半导体晶片作为处理对象的基板,对该半导体晶片进行溅射成膜处理。
在实施方式中作为处理对象的半导体晶片非常薄,例如厚度为10~100μm,更具体地说为50μm左右。在本实施方式中,在将上述很薄的半导体晶片用保持构件保持的状态下搬入、搬出处理室。
图1表示该保持构件10的模式剖视图。而且,在图1中也同时表示保持于保持构件10的状态的半导体晶片W。
保持构件10由环状的支架11和同样为环状的掩模21构成。上述支架11和掩模21与半导体晶片W一同被搬入处理室内,虽然在溅射成膜处理时暴露在等离子体、高温、各种气体中,但是具有能够经得住这些的充分的耐热性及机械强度,能够不发生变形或破损等,稳定地保持半导体晶片W。例如,作为支架11和掩模21的材料,可列举钛、钛合金、矾土等。
支架11形成为圆形环状,其外径比半导体晶片W的直径大,内径比半导体晶片W的直径小。在支架11上,在保持半导体晶片W的上面侧设有阶梯差,其相反侧的下面为平坦面。
在支架11的上面侧,设有晶片支承部(基板支承部)13和掩模支承部12。掩模支承部12在支架11上设置在比半导体晶片W直径大的外周侧,在比该掩模支承部12更靠内的内周侧设有晶片支承部13。
晶片支承部13的上面配合半导体晶片W的圆形而形成为圆形环状,掩模支承部12的上面也形成为圆形环状。而且,掩模支承部12的径向宽度尺寸大于晶片支承部13的径向宽度尺寸,因此,掩模支承部12的上面面积大于晶片支承部13的上面面积。
掩模支承部12比晶片支承部13更向上方突出。另外,这里的“上方”是表示以支架11平坦的背面侧为下方时的上方。因此,在掩模支承部12的上面与晶片支承部13的上面之间存在高度程度上的差异(阶梯差),与晶片支承部13的上面相比,掩模支承部12的上面位于上方。
在支架11上,在晶片支承部13与掩模支承部12之间设有凹部14。凹部14按照半导体晶片W外缘(边缘)的曲率形成为在环状支架11的周向整体上连续的槽状。与掩模支承部12的上面及晶片支承部13的上面相比,凹部14的底位于下方。
半导体晶片W由于其外缘部(周缘部)放置在支架11的晶片支承部13上,所以被支架11支承。半导体晶片W的直径例如为200mm,其中,与晶片支承部13接触而被支承的是外周侧2.5mm左右的部分。
掩模支承部12的内径略微大于半导体晶片W的直径,半导体晶片W被收进比该掩模支承部12的内周面15更靠内的内侧,通过掩模支承部12的内周面15来限制半导体晶片W的径向位置偏移。
与上述支架11一同构成保持构件10的掩模21形成为圆形环状,其外径比支架11的外径大,内径比支架11的内径小。即,掩模21的径向宽度尺寸大于支架11的径向宽度尺寸,在该掩模21的下面的一部分放置于支架11的掩模支承部12从而与支架11重叠的状态下,掩模21将支架11全部遮盖。掩模21的下面及上面均为平坦面,下面比支架11更向径向内侧延伸。
而且,在掩模21的最外周部设置向下方突出的圆形环状的肋22,由于支架11收进该肋22的内周侧,所以限制支架11与掩模21的径向相互的位置偏移。而且,由于形成有该圆形环状的肋22,所以可抑制掩模21变形。在支架11上,由于形成有圆形环状的凹部14,所以可抑制支架11变形。而且,凹部14的主要功能如后所述,是在半导体晶片W的外缘部发生破损时留住其碎片,使其不会转移到半导体晶片W的背面。
在本实施方式中,采用溅射法在第2主面上进行作为电极发挥作用的金属(不局限于纯金属,也包括合金)膜的成膜,第2主面是半导体晶片W上形成有晶体管等元件的主要部分的第1主面的相反侧。半导体晶片W在使其被成膜面即第2主面为上侧的状态下,其外缘部放置于支架11的晶片支承部13并被支承。半导体晶片W靠其自重放在支架11的晶片支承部13上。
掩模21在支架11的掩模支承部12上重叠。掩模21靠其自重放置在支架11的掩模支承部12上。在掩模21与掩模支承部12重叠的状态下,掩模21将包括晶片支承部13、凹部14及掩模支承部12的支架11全部覆盖,在支架11上支承有半导体晶片W时,则覆盖该半导体晶片W的外缘部。此时,由于晶片支承部13上面位于比掩模支承部12上面低的位置,所以在半导体晶片W的被成膜面与掩模21的下面之间形成微小的间隙,掩模21不会与半导体晶片W接触。
如图1所示,半导体晶片W在由支架11及掩模21保持的状态下被搬入处理室内,或者在处理后被从处理室内搬出。根据本实施方式,通过将很薄的半导体晶片W放在具有充分强度的支架11上并连同该支架11一起搬运,则在处理室内使半导体晶片W对载物台进行升降的升降机构等可以不接触半导体晶片W,能够防止半导体晶片W受伤,还能够缓解带给半导体晶片W的冲击,防止破损。
并且,在本实施方式中,通过将掩模21叠放在支架11上来覆盖半导体晶片W的外缘部,能够防止半导体晶片W在搬运中从支架11上弹跳或脱落。
本实施方式涉及的处理装置是具有多个处理室的多室型处理装置,能够应对在基板上进行不同种类的多个积层膜的成膜或者特定种类的成膜。虽然在各处理室内对基板进行例如溅射成膜处理,但是本实施方式涉及的多室型处理装置除处理室之外还具备基板装卸室。在该基板装卸室内设有图3所示的搬运机器人50。
该搬运机器人50是手臂52根据驱动机构51而在水平方向上进行动作的水平多关节机器人。处理前的半导体晶片W在基板装卸室内由搬运机器人50从未图示的盒中取出至安装在手臂52顶端的机械手(手)53上。反之,处理后的半导体晶片W被从机械手53上放回盒内。半导体晶片W仅靠自重放在机械手53上,未进行吸附等的保持。构成保持力的仅仅是靠自重部分而在半导体晶片W与机械手53接触的面积上产生的摩擦力。
因为很薄的半导体晶片W重量轻,所以采用像上述搬运机器人50那样利用摩擦阻力的搬运方法则无法期待大的摩擦阻力,难以加快搬运速度。对此,与半导体晶片W相比,支架11及掩模21具有足够大的重量,通过连同上述支架11及掩模21一起将半导体晶片W放在机械手53上进行搬运,可以提高摩擦阻力,加快搬运速度,实现总处理时间缩短。
图2模式化地表示本发明的实施方式涉及的处理装置的某一个处理室。
处理室30由室壁31包围。处理室30内连接未图示的气体导入系统及排气系统,通过这些系统的控制,可以使处理室30内为所希望的气体的所希望的减压下的状态。
在处理室30内靶34与旋转载物台32相对设置。靶34保持在后板等上设置在处理室30内的上部,旋转载物台32设置在处理室30内的底部。
旋转载物台32具有静电卡盘机构,电极33设置在内部,该电极33与载物台表面(静电吸附面32a)之间构成电介质。当由未图示的电源向内部电极33外加电压时,则在静电吸附面32a与放置在其上的半导体晶片W之间产生静电力,半导体晶片W被吸附固定在静电吸附面32a上。
在旋转载物台32上,在比静电吸附面32a更靠向外周侧且比静电吸附面32a更向下方降低的位置上,设有支架放置部32b。支架放置部32b设置为环状,包围静电吸附面32a的周围。
如上所述,本实施方式的处理装置虽然是具有多个处理室的多室型处理装置,但是,为了实现装置整体小型化应抑制各处理室的数量,例如使用两个直径小的靶34来共用一个处理室。由此,为了在半导体晶片W的整个被成膜面上均匀地进行成膜,设计为一边通过旋转载物台32使半导体晶片W旋转一边进行溅射成膜。旋转载物台32被设置为可连同内部电极33一起绕图2中点划线所示的中心轴旋转。
半导体晶片W以图1所示的状态经过形成在室壁31上的搬运出入口36连同保持构件10(支架11及掩模21)一起被搬入处理室30内。在该搬入后,搬运出入口36被未图示的门等气密性封闭。然后,使处理室30内成为适于溅射成膜处理的所希望的压力的所希望的气体环境。
将经过搬运出入口36的保持构件10搬出搬入处理室30是使用搬运机器人等进行的。而且,在处理室30内设有如图4所示的例如栓销状的升降机构37。支架11的下面被升降机构37支承。升降机构37设置为,能够在形成于旋转载物台32的支架放置部32b下方的导孔38内以及从导孔38开始在上方空间升降。另外,升降机构37不局限于栓销状,也可以是工作台状。
如图2所示,保持半导体晶片W的保持构件10被搬入至旋转载物台32的上方位置,然后,通过使支承保持构件10下面的升降机构37下降,从而使保持构件10朝向旋转载物台32下降。
静电吸附面32a例如形成为圆形,支架11的内径比静电吸附面32a的直径大,可以使静电吸附面32a进入比支架11的内周面更靠内的内侧。
随着支架11的下降,被支架11的晶片支承部13支承的半导体晶片W也一同下降,当支架11逐渐下降到比静电吸附面32a更靠向下方时,半导体晶片W上的从支架11露出的下面则放置在静电吸附面32a上,被吸附固定。如图4所示,半导体晶片W上的被支架11的晶片支承部13支承的外缘部向比静电吸附面32a更靠向外周侧的支架放置部32b侧突出。
支架11放置在旋转载物台32的支架放置部32b上。如图4所示,在支架11放置在支架放置部32b上的状态下,晶片支承部13的上面位于比静电吸附面32a更靠向下方的位置,对于半导体晶片W的外缘部构成不接触、离开的状态。
随着支架11的下降,被支架11的掩模支承部12支承的掩模21也一同下降。从支架11的晶片支承部13上放有半导体晶片W的状态时开始,虽然掩模21的内周侧部分21a覆盖半导体晶片W的外缘部,但是,通过预先恰当地设定支架11的晶片支承部13与掩模支承部12的阶梯差,则即使支架11从半导体晶片W的支承中离开从而成为放置在支架放置部32b的状态,掩模21的内周侧部分21a也能够保持与半导体晶片W的外缘部不接触、离开的状态。
在使旋转载物台32在上述图4所示的状态下旋转的同时,对半导体晶片W进行溅射成膜处理。即,通过由图2所示的电源装置35向靶34外加电压,在靶34与旋转载物台32之间则发生放电,产生等离子体,通过使由此产生的离子由于处理空间内的电场而朝向靶34加速并撞击靶34,从而将靶材的粒子从靶34中溅射出来,在半导体晶片W的被成膜面附着堆积。
根据本实施方式,在由保持构件10保持半导体晶片W的搬运过程以及在图4所示的处理过程的整个过程中,由于在半导体晶片W外缘部的下方存在凹部14,所以即使半导体晶片W薄,外缘部与支架11发生干涉产生微小碎片,也可以使该碎片掉落到凹部14而被留住。即碎片不会散布。由此,能够避免出现以下情况:半导体晶片W的碎片转移到半导体晶片W的下面侧,在与搬运机器人50的机械手53之间或者与静电吸附面32a之间夹入碎片。因此,能够防止由于半导体晶片W的元件形成面的损伤或碎片侵入旋转载物台32的内部电极33而引起短路等的不良状况。
而且,在处理中,由于掩模21呈将包括凹部14及晶片支承部13的支架11全部覆盖的状态,因此能够防止膜附着于支架11,实现维护工作减轻。
当溅射成膜处理结束时,在保持图4所示的状态下,首先停止向图2所示的内部电极33外加电压,解除对半导体晶片W的静电吸附力。此时,由于掩模21的内周侧部分21a覆盖半导体晶片W的外缘部,所以能够防止半导体晶片W在旋转载物台32上弹起或者从旋转载物台32上掉落。
半导体晶片W的吸附固定被解除后,通过升降机构37的上升,使处在图4状态的支架11上升,使半导体晶片W的外缘部放在支架11的晶片支承部13上,将半导体晶片W从静电吸附面32a抬起。然后,打开图2所示的搬运出入口36,通过未图示的搬运机构将半导体晶片W连同保持构件10一起搬出处理室30外。
在一边使旋转载物台32旋转一边进行的处理中,虽然半导体晶片W固定在静电吸附面32a上,但是支架11只是放在旋转载物台32的支架放置部32b上,而且掩模21也只是放在支架11的掩模支承部12上。因此,旋转载物台32旋转时,支架11或掩模21有可能因惯性力而产生对于半导体晶片W相对偏移的移动。如果将支架11固定于旋转载物台32,或者将支架11与掩模21相互固定,则可以消除上述偏移的移动,但因为是伴随旋转的机构,所以容易成为复杂的构成。
于是,在本实施方式中,虽然容许支架11或掩模21因旋转载物台32的旋转而偏移的移动,但是,如图4所示,在支架11及掩模21放在旋转载物台32上的状态下,由于设计为上述任何部分均不接触半导体晶片W,所以支架11或掩模21偏移移动的影响不会传递给半导体晶片W。如果半导体晶片W薄,则即使与支架11或掩模21有轻微的接触也容易造成破损,但是在本实施方式中,如前所述,因为使支架11及掩模21离开半导体晶片W,所以能够防止半导体晶片W破损。而且,即便支架11或掩模21接触到半导体晶片W的外缘部,该外缘部产生破损,如前所述,也能够使碎片掉落到支架11的凹部14而将其留住,因此,能够避免由于该碎片的原因而产生不良状况。
另外,也可以在支架放置部32b上设置限制机构,限制支架11随着旋转载物台32的旋转而滑动。例如,在图5(a)中示出了设有能够收容支架11下面的槽41的例子。在此情况下,能够通过槽41的侧壁限制支架11的径向移动。而且,在图5(b)中示出了在支架放置部表面设有细微凹凸42的例子。或者,也可以对支架放置部表面进行粗糙化处理。在此情况下,可提高支架放置部表面与放置在其上的支架下面的摩擦力,使支架11难以滑动。
另外,在专利文献1中,是支架的背面吸附于静电吸附面的构成,而在本实施方式中,是半导体晶片W直接吸附于静电吸附面32a。因此,根据本实施方式,例如在通过内置于载物台内的加热器等对半导体晶片进行加热的情况下,由于在载物台与半导体晶片之间未夹着支架,因此,从载物台向晶片的热传递不会受到阻碍,能够使加热或冷却的控制性良好,从而使半导体晶片达到所希望的温度。而且,晶片与吸附面的密合程度能够在晶片的整个面上达到均等,不会不均匀,还能够实现晶片面内的温度分布均等化。从以上可以看出,能够提高晶片处理质量。而且,如果是对支架进行静电吸附,则支架限定为绝缘物,但是在本实施方式中,支架材质不限定为绝缘物,不受材料选择的制约。
以上,参照具体例对本发明的实施方式进行了说明。但是,本发明并不局限于上述内容,可根据本发明的技术思想进行各种变形。
作为处理对象的基板,不局限于半导体晶片,例如也可以是光刻技术中图形转印用的掩模,圆盘状记录媒介物等。而且,对基板进行的处理也不局限于溅射成膜,也可以是溅射蚀刻、化学干式蚀刻CDE(chemical dry etching)、化学气相沉积CVD(Chemical vapor deposition)、表面改性等处理。

Claims (10)

1.一种基板处理装置,其特征在于,具备:
环状支架,其具有支承基板的外缘部的基板支承部、设置为比所述基板支承部更靠向外周侧且更向上方突出的掩模支承部、设置在所述基板支承部与所述掩模支承部之间的凹部;
环状掩模,与所述支架的所述掩模支承部重叠,覆盖所述支架的所述凹部及所述基板支承部;
及旋转载物台,其具有静电吸附面、设置为比所述静电吸附面更靠向外周侧且更靠向下方的支架放置部,
在所述基板吸附于所述静电吸附面且所述支架放置于所述支架放置部的状态下,所述基板的所述外缘部从所述静电吸附面向所述支架放置部侧突出,所述基板支承部相对于所述基板的所述外缘部向下方离开,所述掩模相对于所述基板的所述外缘部向上方离开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基板处理装置,其特征在于,所述凹部被设置为在所述环状支架的周向整体上连续。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基板处理装置,其特征在于,在所述支架放置部上设有限制机构,限制所述支架随着所述旋转载物台的旋转而滑动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基板处理装置,其特征在于,
所述旋转载物台设置于具有搬运出入口的由室壁包围的处理室,
所述基板被所述支架支承,在所述掩模叠放在所述支架上的状态下,通过所述搬运出入口搬出搬入所述处理室内外。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基板处理装置,其特征在于,还具备升降机构,使支承有所述基板的所述支架及所述掩模在所述旋转载物台上升降。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基板处理装置,其特征在于,所述基板在真空下的所述旋转载物台上被处理。
7.一种基板处理方法,其特征在于,
在使具有基板支承部、设置为比所述基板支承部更靠向外周侧且更向上方突出的掩模支承部和设置在所述基板支承部与所述掩模支承部之间的凹部的环状支架的所述基板支承部支承基板的外缘部,且由与所述掩模支承部重叠的环状掩模来覆盖所述基板的所述外缘部的状态下,使所述支架及所述掩模向具有静电吸附面和设置为比所述静电吸附面更靠向外周侧且更靠向下方的支架放置部的旋转载物台移动,
在所述基板吸附于所述静电吸附面,所述支架放置于所述支架放置部,所述基板支承部相对于从所述静电吸附面向所述支架放置部侧突出的所述外缘部向下方离开,且所述掩模相对于所述外缘部向上方离开的状态下,在使所述旋转载物台旋转的同时对所述基板进行处理,
在所述基板的处理后,在保持所述支架放置于所述支架放置部且所述掩模与所述掩模支承部重叠的状态下,解除对所述基板的静电吸附力。
8.根据权利要求7所述的基板处理方法,其特征在于,在使所述支架支承所述基板,并将所述掩模叠放在所述支架上的状态下,搬出搬入设置有所述旋转载物台的处理室内外。
9.根据权利要求7所述的基板处理方法,其特征在于,通过支承所述支架的下面的升降机构,使支承有所述基板的所述支架及所述掩模向所述旋转载物台移动。
10.根据权利要求7所述的基板处理方法,其特征在于,将所述基板在真空下的所述旋转载物台上进行处理。
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