WO2024164211A1

WO2024164211A1 - Power distribution circuit of vehicle, power supply and power distribution system, and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2024164211A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/075116
Authority: WO
Inventors: 侯贻真; 周鹏飞
Original assignee: 宁德时代(上海)智能科技有限公司; 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2023-02-09
Filing date: 2023-02-09
Publication date: 2024-08-15

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a power distribution circuit of a vehicle, a power supply and power distribution system, and a vehicle. The power distribution circuit comprises: a first power distribution branch, which is used for distributing power to an electric load; a second power distribution branch, which is used for distributing power to another electric load; a first switch circuit, which is arranged in the first power distribution branch and is used for controlling the connection/disconnection of the first power distribution branch; a second switch circuit, which is arranged on the second power distribution branch and is used for controlling the connection/disconnection of the second power distribution branch; and a third switch circuit, which is arranged between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, wherein the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first power distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and a first power distribution end of the first power distribution branch for the electric load, the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second power distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and a second power distribution end of the second power distribution branch for the other electric load, and the third switch circuit is used for controlling the connection/disconnection between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end. By means of the present application, the normal travelling of a vehicle can be realized during abnormal power supply.

Description

Power distribution circuit, power supply distribution system and vehicle

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a power distribution circuit, a power supply distribution system and a vehicle.

Background Art

As the requirements for the vehicle's electrical and electronic systems become increasingly stringent, the vehicle's electrical and electronic systems are not only required to meet the requirements of availability, but also the requirements of functional safety. For example, when a single point of abnormality occurs in the vehicle's electrical and electronic systems, the electrical and electronic systems are required to ensure that the vehicle can park safely or drive normally.

To this end, the relevant technology proposes that a redundant power supply distribution circuit be used in the vehicle to distribute power to the power loads, and that a dual redundant design be used for the key power loads. When the main power supply fails, the redundant power supply can be used to supply power to the key power loads of the vehicle, so that the vehicle can be parked safely. However, this method will at least cause the non-critical power loads that are only powered by the main power supply to not be used normally, and the normal driving of the vehicle cannot be guaranteed.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a vehicle power distribution circuit, a power supply distribution system and a vehicle to achieve normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a power distribution circuit for a vehicle. The power distribution circuit includes: a first power distribution branch for distributing power to the power load of the vehicle; a second power distribution branch for distributing power to the power load; a first switch circuit, arranged in the first power distribution branch, for controlling the on-off of the first power distribution branch; a second switch circuit, arranged in the second power distribution branch, for controlling the on-off of the second power distribution branch; a third switch circuit, arranged between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first power distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load, and the third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

The power distribution circuit of the vehicle includes: a first power distribution branch and a second power distribution branch, which respectively distribute power to the power load of the vehicle, realize the redundant architecture of the power distribution network of the vehicle, and can improve the reliability of the power supply and distribution of the vehicle; the power distribution circuit further includes: a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, wherein the first switch circuit is arranged in the first power distribution branch, and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch, and can cut off the first power distribution branch when the power supply to the first power distribution branch is abnormal. distribution branch, thereby improving the power supply impact of the abnormal power supply of the first distribution branch on the second distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to run normally; the second switch circuit is arranged in the second distribution branch, used to control the on and off of the second distribution branch, and can cut off the second distribution branch when the power supply to the second distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply impact of the abnormal power supply of the second distribution branch on the first distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to run normally; the distribution circuit further includes: a third switch circuit, arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, The connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution branch for the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal. Therefore, the third switch can not only realize the redundant power supply of the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to the power load, but also ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch or the abnormal shutdown of the second distribution branch will not affect the power distribution of another distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution terminal or the second distribution terminal is located supplies power to the power load normally, and the third switch circuit is shut down when the first distribution terminal or the second distribution terminal is abnormal, which can realize the fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch. Therefore, the distribution circuit can realize the normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, and improve its fault resistance.

In some embodiments, the first switch circuit includes: a first switch tube, whose control end is used to receive a first control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series in the first distribution branch, and the first switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

The first switch circuit is implemented by using the first switch tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the first switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

In some embodiments, the second switch circuit includes: a second switch tube, whose control end is used to receive a second control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series in the second distribution branch, and the second switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch according to the second control signal.

The second switch circuit is realized by using the second switch tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

In some embodiments, the third switch circuit includes: a switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal, and the switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

By using a switch to implement the third switch circuit, bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

In some embodiments, the third switching circuit includes: a first MOS tube, whose gate is connected to the fourth control signal and whose drain is connected to the first power distribution branch; a second MOS tube, whose gate is connected to the fifth control signal, whose source is connected to the source of the first MOS tube and whose drain is connected to the second power distribution branch.

Compared with traditional relays or mechanical switches, MOS tubes have the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery, and can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit. Using two first MOS tubes and second MOS tubes arranged back to back to realize the third switch circuit can improve the problem that when the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are cut off, their freewheeling diodes continue to form a current path, which affects the reliability of the bidirectional cutoff of the third switch circuit. Therefore, by realizing the third switch circuit through the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube, the reliability of fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch can be improved.

In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fourth switch circuit, which is arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the power load and is used to control the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.

The first distribution end can supply power to multiple power loads. When a certain power load is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit arranged between the first distribution end and the abnormal power load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the influence of the abnormal power load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit on other power loads. Therefore, fault decoupling between multiple power loads can be achieved through the fourth switch circuit, so that when some power loads are abnormal, other power loads can still receive power and work normally.

In some embodiments, the fourth switch circuit includes: a third switch tube, whose control end is used to receive a sixth control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load, and the third switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load according to the sixth control signal.

The fourth switch circuit is realized by using the third switch tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the third switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fifth switch circuit, which is arranged between the second power distribution terminal and the power load and is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.

The second distribution terminal can supply power to multiple power loads. When a certain power load is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit arranged between the second distribution terminal and the abnormal power load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the influence of the abnormal power load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit on other power loads. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads through the fifth switch circuit, so that when some power loads are abnormal, other power loads can still receive power and work normally.

In some embodiments, the fifth switching circuit includes: a fourth switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the second distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.

The fifth switch circuit is realized by using the fourth switch tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the fourth switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fourth switch circuit, arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load; a fifth switch circuit, arranged between the second Between the power distribution terminal and the power load, it is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load; wherein the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, the third switch circuit, the fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit are all realized by power switch tubes.

By implementing each switch circuit in the distribution circuit through a power switch tube, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit can be improved.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle, which power supply and distribution system includes: a first power supply circuit for providing a first power supply voltage; a second power supply circuit for providing a second power supply voltage; any one of the above distribution circuits, the first power supply circuit is connected to the first distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the first supply voltage; the second power supply circuit is connected to the second distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the second supply voltage.

In some embodiments, the first power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit.

The voltage conversion circuit can be used to achieve the supply voltage required by the electrical load.

In some embodiments, the second power supply circuit includes a power supply.

The power supply is used to realize redundant power supply of the electrical load.

In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the first power supply circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the second power supply circuit.

The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system, improve its response speed and improve its reliability.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a vehicle. The vehicle comprises: an electrical load; and any of the above power supply and distribution systems connected to the electrical load for supplying and distributing power to the electrical load.

Different from the prior art: the power distribution circuit of the vehicle proposed in the present application includes: a first distribution branch and a second distribution branch, which respectively distribute power to the power load of the vehicle, realize the redundant architecture of the vehicle's power distribution network, and can improve the reliability of the vehicle's power supply and distribution; the power distribution circuit further includes: a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, wherein the first switch circuit is arranged in the first distribution branch, and is used to control the on and off of the first distribution branch, and can cut off the first distribution branch when the power supply to the first distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the first distribution branch on the second distribution branch and the power load, and then enabling the vehicle to drive normally; the second switch circuit is arranged In the second distribution branch, it is used to control the on and off of the second distribution branch, and can cut off the second distribution branch when the power supply to the second distribution branch is abnormal, so as to improve the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the second distribution branch on the first distribution branch and the power load, so as to enable the vehicle to drive normally; the distribution circuit further includes: a third switch circuit, which is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load The third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal. Therefore, the third switch circuit can not only realize the redundant power supply of the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to the power load, but also ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch or the abnormal shutdown of the second distribution branch will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution terminal or the second distribution terminal is located can supply power to the power load normally, and the third switch circuit is shut down when the first distribution terminal or the second distribution terminal is abnormal, which can realize the fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch. Therefore, the distribution circuit can realize the normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, and improve its fault resistance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit of the embodiment of FIG3 ;

FIG5 is another specific circuit structure schematic diagram of the power distribution circuit of the embodiment of FIG3 ;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 6 .

Marking description: power load 1, power supply and distribution system 2, controller 3;

A first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22, a power distribution circuit 23, and a control circuit 24;

A first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236, and a fifth switch circuit 237;

The first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, the first MOS tube Q3, the second MOS tube Q4, the third switch tube Q5, the fourth switch tube Q6, and the switch K.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the technical solution of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application. Scope of protection.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

As shown in FIG1 , the vehicle includes: an electrical load 1 , a power supply and distribution system 2 and a controller 3 . The power supply and distribution system 2 is connected to the electrical load 1 and the controller 3 , respectively. The power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power and distributes power to the electrical load 1 under the control of the controller 3 .

Specifically, the controller 3 refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions that can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the power supply and distribution system 2, etc.; the controller 3 can be integrated into the vehicle controller of the vehicle. The power supply and distribution system 2 refers to a power grid that provides electrical energy and distributes electrical energy to electrical loads, and can realize power supply and distribution; the power supply and distribution system 2 is also used to monitor and control the power supply status and power consumption information.

The electrical load 1 may include a vehicle control domain controller, an electronic stability system, an electronic power steering system, an air-conditioning compressor, a PTC heater, an instrument, etc.

The electrical loads 1 of a vehicle can be divided into critical electrical loads and non-critical electrical loads. The critical electrical loads of a vehicle are generally powered by a low-voltage power supply system. Critical electrical loads can be electrical loads that can ensure safe driving or safe parking of the vehicle, such as the vehicle control domain controller, electronic stability system, electronic power steering system, etc. Non-critical electrical loads refer to electrical loads that have no obvious impact on the driving safety of the vehicle, such as instruments, air conditioning compressors, PTC heaters, etc.

The power supply and distribution system 2 can be applied to electric vehicles/electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, new energy vehicles, electric buses, electric motorcycles, etc. in the field of vehicle technology.

In order to improve the vehicle's fault resistance, a power supply and distribution system 2 with a redundant architecture is used in the vehicle to distribute power to the power load 1. As shown in Figure 2, the power supply and distribution system 2 of the vehicle includes: a first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22 and a distribution circuit 23, wherein the first power supply circuit 21 is used to provide a first power supply voltage, and the second power supply circuit 22 is used to provide a second power supply voltage; the first power supply circuit 21 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the first power supply voltage; the second power supply circuit 22 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the second power supply voltage.

The first power supply circuit 21 may include a DCDC conversion circuit for obtaining a power supply voltage and performing voltage conversion on the power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage. The DCDC conversion circuit and the circuit providing the power supply voltage are combined as a main power supply; the second power supply circuit may include a power supply as a redundant power supply. A switch is required between the main power supply and the redundant power supply for on-off control, which can not only realize fault decoupling between the main power supply and the redundant power supply, but also realize charging of the power supply by the DCDC conversion circuit.

Alternatively, the power source may be a battery or the like.

In some embodiments, the vehicle's power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a control circuit 24, which is respectively connected to the first power supply circuit 21, the second power supply circuit 22 and the distribution circuit 23, and is used to control the operation of the first power supply circuit 21, the second power supply circuit 22 and the distribution circuit 23, so as to realize the power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system 2, and realize the monitoring and control of the power supply status and power consumption information by the power supply and distribution system 2.

Among them, the control circuit 24 refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions, which can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the power supply and distribution system 2, etc.; the control circuit 24 can be integrated into the above-mentioned controller 3.

The inventor of this application has found in the long-term research process that in the related technology, the vehicle adopts a redundant power supply distribution circuit to distribute power to the power load 1, and the key power load adopts a dual redundant design. When the main power supply is abnormal, the redundant power supply can be used to supply power to the key power load of the vehicle so that the vehicle can be parked safely. This will at least result in non-critical electrical loads that are powered only by the main power supply not being able to function normally, and the normal driving of the vehicle cannot be guaranteed.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a power distribution circuit for a vehicle, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234 and a third switch circuit 235; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is used to distribute power to the power load 1 of the vehicle; the second power distribution branch 232 is used to distribute power to the power load 1; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232 , used to control the on-off of the second distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 to the power load 1, and the connection point S of the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 to the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

Specifically, a switching circuit refers to an element or component that has the function of conducting or cutting off an electrical signal; a distribution branch refers to a circuit that can transmit an electrical signal and distribute the voltage or power of the electrical signal; a distribution end refers to a terminal that is electrically connected to the electrical load 1 and outputs an electrical signal to the electrical load 1.

The power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment uses the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232 to distribute power to the power load 1 of the vehicle respectively, so as to realize the redundant architecture of the power distribution network of the vehicle, and improve the reliability of the power supply and distribution of the vehicle; the first switch circuit 233 of the power distribution circuit 23 is arranged on the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch 231, and can cut off the first power distribution branch 231 when the power supply to the first power distribution branch 231 is abnormal, so as to improve the reliability of the first power distribution branch. The power supply abnormality of the second power distribution branch 231 affects the power supply of the second power distribution branch 232 and the power load 1, so that the vehicle can run normally; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232, and is used to control the on-off of the second power distribution branch 232, and can cut off the second power distribution branch 232 when the power supply to the second power distribution branch 232 is abnormal, so as to improve the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the second power distribution branch 232 on the first power distribution branch 231 and the power load 1, so that the vehicle can run normally The third switch circuit 235 of the distribution circuit 23 is arranged between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution branch 231 for the power load 1, and the connection point of the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution branch 232 for the power load 1. The switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal. Therefore, the third switch circuit 235 can not only realize the redundant power supply of the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 to the power load 1, but also can ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch 231 or the second distribution branch 232 will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution terminal or the second distribution terminal is located can supply power to the power load 1 normally, and the third switch Circuit 235 is shut down when the first power distribution terminal or the second power distribution terminal is abnormal, which can achieve fault decoupling between the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232. Therefore, the power distribution circuit 23 can achieve normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, and improve its fault resistance.

Optionally, the power supply abnormality includes: short circuit, undervoltage and other faults.

In some embodiments, the first switch circuit 233 includes: a first switch tube Q1, the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is used to receive a first control signal, the two passage ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231, and the first switch tube Q1 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

Specifically, the first switch tube Q1 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

The two passage ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231 to set the first switch tube Q1 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the first distribution branch 231, and the first switch tube Q1 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the first distribution branch 231.

Among them, the first control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231, and the first control signal is used to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned on when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is normal, and to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply state of the first distribution branch 231, and generates a first control signal based on the power supply state, and the first control signal includes a first conduction signal and a first shutdown signal. For example, when the power supply state of the first distribution branch 231 is in a normal state, the control circuit 24 generates a first conduction signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned on, and when the power supply state of the first distribution branch 231 is in an abnormal state, the control circuit 24 generates a first shutdown signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned off.

This embodiment uses the first switch tube Q1 to implement the first switch circuit 233. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the first switch tube Q1 has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23 can be improved.

Optionally, the first switch tube Q1 can be a power switch tube such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), that is, a MOS tube, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), etc. A power switch tube refers to a triode that can withstand a large current, has a small leakage current, and has good saturation conduction and cutoff characteristics under certain conditions. Its amplification performance may not be considered, and its control is related to the size or direction of the base current, and the current flows through the collector and the emitter.

In some embodiments, the second switch circuit 234 includes a second switch tube Q2, the control end of the second switch tube Q2 is used to receive a second control signal, the two path ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232, and the second switch tube Q2 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch 232 according to the second control signal.

Specifically, the second switch tube Q2 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

The two passage ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232 to set the second switch tube Q2 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the second distribution branch 232, and the second switch tube Q2 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the second distribution branch 232.

Among them, the second control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the second distribution branch 232. The second control signal is used to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned on when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is normal, and to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned off when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply state of the second distribution branch 232, and generates a second control signal based on the power supply state, and the second control signal includes a second conduction signal and a second shutdown signal. For example, when the power supply state of the second distribution branch 232 is in a normal state, the control circuit 24 generates a second conduction signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned on, and when the power supply state of the second distribution branch 232 is in an abnormal state, the control circuit 24 generates a second shutdown signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned off.

This embodiment uses the second switch tube Q2 to implement the second switch circuit 234. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switch tube Q2 has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state. It can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23.

Optionally, the second switch tube Q2 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

In some embodiments, the third switch circuit 235 includes: a switch K, wherein the two fixed ends of the switch K are connected in series between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the free end of the switch K is used to access a third control signal, and the switch K controls the on/off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

In this embodiment, the third switch circuit 235 is implemented by using the switch K, which can realize bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

Among them, the third control signal can be generated based on the working status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end. The third control signal is used to control switch K to be turned on when the first distribution end and the second distribution end are working normally, and to control switch K to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the working state of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal, and generates a third control signal based on the working state, and the third control signal includes a third conduction signal and a third shutdown signal. For example, when the working state of the first distribution terminal and the working state of the second distribution terminal are both in normal state, the control circuit 24 generates a third conduction signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be turned on, and when at least one of the working state of the first distribution terminal and the working state of the second distribution terminal is in abnormal state, the control circuit 24 generates a third shutdown signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be turned off.

Optionally, the switch K may be a mechanical switch or a relay.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , the third switch circuit 235 includes: a first MOS transistor Q3 and The second MOS tube Q4; wherein, the gate of the first MOS tube Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the drain of the first MOS tube Q3 is connected to the first power distribution branch 231; the gate of the second MOS tube Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal, the source of the second MOS tube Q4 is connected to the source of the first MOS tube Q3, and the drain of the second MOS tube Q4 is connected to the second power distribution branch 232.

Among them, the fourth control signal and the fifth control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end, and are used to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned on when the first distribution end and the second distribution end are working normally, and to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the working state of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal, and generates a fourth control signal and a fifth control signal based on the working state, wherein the fourth control signal includes a fourth on signal and a fourth off signal, and the fifth control signal includes a fifth on signal and a fifth off signal. For example, when the working state of the first distribution terminal and the working state of the second distribution terminal are both in normal state, the control circuit 24 generates a fourth on signal to control the first MOS tube Q3 to be turned on, generates a fifth on signal to control the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned on, and generates a fourth off signal to control the first MOS tube Q3 to be turned off, and generates a fifth off signal to control the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned off when at least one of the working state of the first distribution terminal and the working state of the second distribution terminal is in an abnormal state.

The first MOS transistor Q3 and the second MOS transistor Q4 of this embodiment are both NPN MOS transistors. The high level of the NPN MOS transistor is effective, that is, when the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a high level signal, its source and drain are connected, that is, the MOS transistor is turned on.

Compared with traditional relays or mechanical switches, MOS tubes have the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery, and can improve the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23.

Since the MOS tube has a freewheeling diode, when the MOS tube is turned off, current will flow through the freewheeling diode. Therefore, the present embodiment uses two back-to-back arranged first MOS tube Q3 and second MOS tube Q4 to realize the third switch circuit 235, which can improve the problem that when the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 are turned off, their freewheeling diodes continue to form a current path, thereby affecting the reliability of the bidirectional cutoff of the third switch circuit 235. Therefore, by realizing the third switch circuit 235 through the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4, the reliability of fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 can be improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment further includes: a fourth switch circuit 236 , which is disposed between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on/off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

The first power distribution terminal can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a power load 1 is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit 236 arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the influence of the abnormal power load 1 on the power distribution circuit 23, thereby affecting the power distribution circuit 23 on other power loads. Therefore, in this embodiment, the fourth switch circuit 236 can realize fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the fourth switch circuit 236 includes: a third switch tube Q5, the control end of the third switch tube Q5 is used to receive a sixth control signal, the two path ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and the third switch tube Q5 controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load 1 according to the sixth control signal.

The two passage ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the third switch tube Q5 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1, and the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1 can be controlled by the third switch tube Q5.

The sixth control signal may be generated based on the power supply state of the power load 1, and is used to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn on when the power load 1 is normal, and to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn off when the power load 1 is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply state of the power load 1 and generates a sixth control signal, and the sixth control signal includes a sixth conduction signal and a sixth shutdown signal. For example, when the power supply state of the power load 1 is in a normal state, the control circuit 24 generates the sixth conduction signal to control the fourth switch circuit 236 to be turned on, and when the power supply state of the power load 1 is in an abnormal state, the control circuit 24 generates the sixth shutdown signal to control the fourth switch circuit 236 to be turned off.

This embodiment uses the third switch tube Q5 to implement the fourth switch circuit 236. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the third switch tube Q5 has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery. It can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23.

Optionally, the third switch tube Q5 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the power distribution circuit 23 of this embodiment further includes: a fifth switch circuit 237 , which is disposed between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on/off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

The second distribution terminal can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a certain power load 1 is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit 237 arranged between the second distribution terminal and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the influence of the abnormal power load 1 on the distribution circuit 23, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit 23 on other power loads 1. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1 through the fifth switch circuit 237, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 , the fifth switch circuit 237 includes: a fourth switch tube Q6, the control end of the fourth switch tube Q6 is used to receive the seventh control signal, the two passage ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second power distribution end and the power load 1, and the fourth switch tube Q6 controls the second power distribution end and the power load 1 according to the seventh control signal. 1 between the electrical signal on and off.

The two passage ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the fourth switch tube Q6 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1, and the fourth switch tube Q6 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1.

Among them, the seventh control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the power load 1, and the sixth control signal is used to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned on when the power load 1 is normal, and to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned off when the power load 1 is abnormal.

The control circuit 24 of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply state of the power load 1 and generates a seventh control signal, and the seventh control signal includes a seventh conduction signal and a seventh shutdown signal. For example, when the power supply state of the power load 1 is in a normal state, the control circuit 24 generates the seventh conduction signal to control the fifth switch circuit 237 to be turned on, and when the power supply state of the power load 1 is in an abnormal state, the control circuit 24 generates the seventh shutdown signal to control the fifth switch circuit 237 to be turned off.

This embodiment uses the fourth switch tube Q6 to implement the fifth switch circuit 237. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the fourth switch tube Q6 has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state. It can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 23.

Optionally, the fourth switch tube Q6 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 , the power distribution circuit 23 includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236 and a fifth switch circuit 237; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is used to distribute power to the power load 1 of the vehicle; the second power distribution branch 232 is used to distribute power to the power load 1; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on-off of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232, and is used to control the on-off of the second power distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first power distribution branch 231 is located at the first power distribution branch 231. A switch circuit 233 is located between the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 and the power load 1, and a connection point S between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 and the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end; the fourth switch circuit 236 is arranged between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the power load 1; the fifth switch circuit 237 is arranged between the second distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the second distribution end and the power load 1; wherein the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all realized by power switch tubes.

By implementing each switch circuit in the power distribution circuit 23 through a power switch tube, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 23 can be improved.

Optionally, the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all implemented by NPN-type MOS tubes; wherein the gate of the first switch tube Q1 receives the first control signal, the source of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the input end of the first power distribution branch 231, and the drain of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the first MOS tube Q3; the gate of the second switch tube Q2 receives the second control signal, the source of the second switch tube Q2 serves as the input end of the second power distribution branch 232, and the drain of the second switch tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the second MOS tube Q3. The drain of the first MOS tube Q4 is connected; the source of the first MOS tube Q3 is connected to the source of the second MOS tube Q4, the source of the first MOS tube Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the gate of the second MOS tube Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal; the gate of the third switch tube Q5 receives the sixth control signal, the source of the third switch tube Q5 is connected to the power load 1, and the drain of the third switch tube Q5 is connected to the drain of the first MOS tube Q3; the gate of the fourth switch tube Q6 receives the seventh control signal, the source of the fourth switch tube Q6 is connected to the power load 1, and the drain of the fourth switch tube Q6 is connected to the drain of the second MOS tube Q4.

The power load 1 is a general term, and different power distribution terminals can be connected to different or the same power load 1. For example, a key power load 1 can be connected to the first power distribution terminal and the second power distribution terminal to improve the reliability of its power distribution.

In other embodiments, the above-mentioned switch circuit can be implemented by using other electronic switches such as relays or mechanical switches based on actual needs, and there is no specific limitation.

In other embodiments, the above-mentioned switching circuit can also be implemented by using gallium nitride transistors. Gallium nitride transistors have a bidirectional cutoff function for electrical signals. Compared with mechanical switches or relays, they have the advantages of small size and fast response, and compared with power switching tubes such as MOS tubes, they have the advantages of bidirectional cutoff.

In addition, the present application also proposes a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle. As shown in Figure 2, the power supply and distribution system 2 of the vehicle includes: a first power supply circuit 21, a second power supply circuit 22 and a distribution circuit 23, wherein the first power supply circuit 21 is used to provide a first power supply voltage, and the second power supply circuit 22 is used to provide a second power supply voltage; the first power supply circuit 21 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the first power supply voltage; the second power supply circuit 22 is connected to the distribution circuit 23 to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the second power supply voltage.

Among them, the first power supply circuit 21 may include a voltage conversion circuit for obtaining a power supply voltage and performing voltage conversion on the power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage. The voltage conversion circuit may be a DCDC circuit. The DCDC circuit can realize the first power supply voltage required by the power load. The DCDC circuit and the circuit providing the power supply voltage are combined as the main power supply; the second power supply circuit may include a power supply, such as a battery, as a redundant power supply. A switch is required to be used between the main power supply and the redundant power supply for on-off control, which can not only realize the fault decoupling between the main power supply and the redundant power supply, but also realize the charging of the battery by the DCDC circuit.

In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system 2 further includes: a control circuit, connected to the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235 respectively, for controlling the operation of the first power supply circuit 21 The state controls the first switch circuit 233 and the third switch circuit 235 to operate, and the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235 to operate based on the operating state of the second power supply circuit 22 .

The control circuit refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions that can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235, and can be integrated into the vehicle controller of the vehicle.

Furthermore, the control circuit is also used to control the operation of the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 .

The control circuit is at least used to generate the above-mentioned first control signal, second control signal, third control signal, fourth control signal, fifth control signal and sixth control signal.

The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system 2, improve its response speed, and improve its reliability.

The circuit structure and working principle of the power supply and distribution system 2 may refer to the above embodiments.

On the basis of using power switch tubes to replace traditional mechanical relays and fusible fuses, the present application further utilizes the advantages of semiconductor power device modules to improve and optimize the power distribution architecture of the whole vehicle, realize redundancy, integration, and intelligence, and realize the higher intelligent driving and automatic driving requirements of the whole vehicle. For example, the first switch circuit 233 can be used to prevent the DCDC conversion circuit from short circuit, undervoltage and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the second switch circuit 234 can be used to prevent the power supply from short circuit, undervoltage and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the third switch circuit 235 can be used to prevent any fault at the P node and the S node to ensure the normal operation of the other node; the fourth switch circuit 236 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the P side fails, protecting any other power load 1 from being affected; the fifth switch circuit 237 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the S side fails, such as short circuit, protecting any other load from being affected.

In addition, the present application also proposes a vehicle, as shown in Figure 1, the vehicle includes: an electrical load 1, a power supply and distribution system 2 and a controller 3, the power supply and distribution system 2 is connected to the electrical load 1 and the controller 3 respectively, and the power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power and distributes power to the electrical load 1 under the control of the controller 3.

In some embodiments, the power load 1 includes: a first power load unit, a second power load unit and a third power load unit, the first power load unit is connected to the first distribution terminal; the second power load unit is connected to the second distribution terminal; the third power load unit is connected to the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal respectively.

Among them, the first power load unit and the second power load unit can be non-critical power loads 1 such as instruments, air-conditioning compressors, PTC heaters, etc., which are only connected to one distribution terminal to save power consumption and simplify the circuit structure; the third power load unit is a vehicle control domain controller, an electronic stability system, an electronic power steering system, etc., which can ensure the safe driving or safe parking of the vehicle. The power load 1 can improve the safety of the vehicle.

The above description is only an implementation method of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

A power distribution circuit for a vehicle, characterized by comprising:

A first power distribution branch, used for distributing power to the power load of the vehicle;

A second power distribution branch, used for distributing power to the power load;

A first switch circuit is provided in the first power distribution branch and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch;

A second switch circuit is provided in the second power distribution branch and is used to control the on and off of the second power distribution branch;

The third switch circuit is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.
The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first switch circuit comprises:

The first switch tube has a control end for receiving a first control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series in the first power distribution branch. The first switch tube controls the on and off of the first power distribution branch according to the first control signal.
The power distribution circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second switch circuit comprises:

The second switch tube has a control end for receiving a second control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series in the second power distribution branch. The second switch tube controls the on and off of the second power distribution branch according to the second control signal.
The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third switch circuit comprises:

A switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal. The switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end according to the third control signal.
The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third switch circuit comprises:

A first MOS transistor, a gate of which is connected to a fourth control signal, and a drain of which is connected to the first power distribution branch;

The second MOS transistor has a gate connected to the fifth control signal, a source connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and a drain connected to the second power distribution branch.
The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the power distribution circuit further comprises:

The fourth switch circuit is arranged between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.
The power distribution circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that the fourth switch circuit comprises:

The third switch tube has a control end for receiving a sixth control signal, and two passage ends thereof are connected in series to the first distribution The third switch tube controls the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load according to the sixth control signal.
The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the power distribution circuit further comprises:

The fifth switch circuit is arranged between the second power distribution terminal and the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.
The power distribution circuit according to claim 8 is characterized in that the fifth switch circuit includes: a fourth switch tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two path ends are connected in series between the second power distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switch tube controls the on and off between the second power distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.
The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the power distribution circuit further comprises:

a fourth switch circuit, provided between the first power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load;

a fifth switch circuit, provided between the second power distribution terminal and the power load, for controlling the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load;

Among them, the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, the third switch circuit, the fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit are all implemented by power switch tubes.
A power supply and distribution system for a vehicle, characterized by comprising:

A first power supply circuit, used for providing a first power supply voltage;

A second power supply circuit, used for providing a second power supply voltage;

The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first power supply circuit is connected to the first distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the first power supply voltage; and the second power supply circuit is connected to the second distribution branch to distribute power to the power load based on the second power supply voltage.
The power supply and distribution system according to claim 11 is characterized in that the first power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit.
The power supply and distribution system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the second power supply circuit comprises a power supply.
The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 11 to 13 is characterized in that it also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the first power supply circuit, and control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the second power supply circuit.
A vehicle, characterized by comprising:

Electrical load;

The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 11 to 14 is connected to the power load and is used to supply and distribute power to the power load.