WO2024041147A1 - High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and method thereof - Google Patents

High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024041147A1
WO2024041147A1 PCT/CN2023/101631 CN2023101631W WO2024041147A1 WO 2024041147 A1 WO2024041147 A1 WO 2024041147A1 CN 2023101631 W CN2023101631 W CN 2023101631W WO 2024041147 A1 WO2024041147 A1 WO 2024041147A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
liquid hydrogen
pressure
liquid
throttle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/101631
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张春伟
柴栋栋
尹奇志
马军强
李玮
魏金莹
周博文
崔皓玉
Original Assignee
北京航天试验技术研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京航天试验技术研究所 filed Critical 北京航天试验技术研究所
Publication of WO2024041147A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024041147A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/082—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for cold fluids, e.g. liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/005—Pipe-line systems for a two-phase gas-liquid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/12—Conveying liquids or viscous products by pressure of another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and specifically refers to a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system and method for liquid hydrogen engine testing.
  • liquid hydrogen in the ground liquid hydrogen storage tank needs to be transported to the engine test end in a short period of time.
  • the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is often input to the engine test end through pressurized transportation.
  • liquid hydrogen is pre-filled into the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and then high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the headspace of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, thereby increasing the pressure in the pipe and removing the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank from The outlet is pressed out and enters the engine test end.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that supercritical transformation of liquid hydrogen easily occurs during the process of transporting liquid hydrogen through pressurization, and to provide a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system and method for liquid hydrogen engine testing.
  • the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling is first used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the first time, and then the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the second time, thereby reducing the occurrence of excess liquid hydrogen.
  • the temperature driving potential difference of the critical transition ensures that the liquid hydrogen delivery system can output conventional liquid hydrogen within a specified time.
  • the present invention provides a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing, which includes a pressurized hydrogen pipeline, a hydrogen throttling pipeline, a liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline, and a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline. , hydrogen throttling cooling cooler and liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
  • the hydrogen throttle cooler is provided with a first hydrogen passage and a second hydrogen passage that constitute heat exchange contact;
  • the inlet end of the pressurized hydrogen pipeline is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen source, and the outlet end is connected to the headspace of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
  • the pressurized hydrogen pipeline is sequentially connected from the inlet end to the outlet end to a hydrogen valve, a hydrogen flow meter, The first hydrogen passage of the hydrogen throttle cooler, the hydrogen temperature sensor, the hydrogen pressure sensor and the tube side passage of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
  • the inlet end of the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipeline between the hydrogen flow meter and the hydrogen throttling cooler, and the outlet end is discharged externally; the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to hydrogen in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet end is discharged; the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end of the first liquid hydrogen stop valve, the liquid hydrogen stop valve, and the liquid hydrogen stop valve.
  • Hydrogen throttle valve shell side channel of liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
  • the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet end is connected to the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested; the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is sequentially connected to the liquid hydrogen flow rate from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • meter liquid hydrogen pressure sensor, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor and second liquid hydrogen stop valve.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen source adopts high-pressure hydrogen provided by a compressor or a high-pressure hydrogen bottle group.
  • the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler is a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure.
  • the internal tube side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure hydrogen to be cooled, and the external shell side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling generator. gas-liquid two-phase mixture.
  • the heat exchange tube structure of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area.
  • the hydrogen throttling cooler is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger with a heat pipe inside to increase heat exchange efficiency.
  • the outlet end of the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
  • the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
  • the hydrogen recovery equipment is a hydrogen fuel cell used for power generation.
  • the present invention provides a method for testing high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery using a liquid hydrogen engine using the system described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects, which includes:
  • the first liquid hydrogen stop valve is kept closed so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues to pass through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline. Directly pass through the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler and then inject it into the gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
  • the first liquid hydrogen stop valve and the liquid hydrogen throttle valve are opened to allow the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling to continue. It enters the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve through the liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline for throttling and cooling.
  • the high-pressure liquid hydrogen then enters the shell-side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler and then cools the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube-side channel for a second time so that it does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
  • the high-pressure hydrogen after secondary cooling is injected into the gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
  • each valve in the system needs to be controlled in a linkage manner based on the data detected by each sensor in the system to ensure that the liquid hydrogen storage tank is injected.
  • the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen in the gas phase zone is constant, and the pressure in the gas phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant.
  • the present invention uses the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling to preliminarily pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen.
  • the cooling capacity generated by hydraulic hydrogen throttling and vaporization is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen twice, which has the advantages of various forms, adjustable cooling capacity, and wide adaptability.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling refrigeration system of the present invention can be self-driven without requiring additional dynamic equipment such as compressors or booster pumps.
  • the system structure is simple and the performance is reliable.
  • the hydrogen produced by the present invention through double throttling has high purity and can be directly recycled and reused, minimizing the amount of resources consumed by supercritical transition suppression of liquid hydrogen supercharging.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to the present invention.
  • pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 high-pressure hydrogen source 2, hydrogen valve 3, hydrogen flow meter 4, hydrogen throttle cooler 5, first hydrogen passage 6, second hydrogen passage 7, hydrogen temperature sensor 8, hydrogen pressure Sensor 9, liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10, liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, liquid hydrogen storage tank liquid phase area 12, liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase area 13, hydrogen throttle pipeline 14, hydrogen throttle valve 15, liquid hydrogen throttle Flow pipe 16, first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17, liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18, liquid hydrogen filling pipe 19, liquid hydrogen flow meter 20, liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22, second liquid hydrogen Stop valve 23.
  • first and second are only used for distinction and description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. . Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing is provided. Its components include a pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1, a high-pressure hydrogen source 2, Hydrogen valve 3, hydrogen flow meter 4, hydrogen throttle cooler 5, first hydrogen passage 6, second hydrogen passage 7, hydrogen temperature sensor 8, hydrogen pressure sensor 9, liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10, liquid hydrogen storage tank 11. Hydrogen throttle pipeline 14, hydrogen throttle valve 15, liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline 16, first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17, liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18, liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, liquid hydrogen flow meter 20. Liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22 and second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23.
  • the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is a sealed tank wrapped with thermal insulation material on the outside, and a liquid hydrogen filling port is provided on the pipe body.
  • the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is used to store liquid hydrogen to be added to the liquid hydrogen engine.
  • the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is divided into the liquid phase area 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the gas phase area 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank with the liquid hydrogen level as the boundary.
  • the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 When the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 will pressurize the hydrogen When the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is injected, the pressure of the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank will gradually increase, and then the liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank will be injected into the liquid hydrogen engine through the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 On the test side, this process can be called the liquid hydrogen pressurized transportation process.
  • the main reason for the transformation of liquid hydrogen into supercritical hydrogen in this process is the gas-liquid two-way gap between the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Temperature rise at the interface. Since the triple point temperature and pressure of liquid hydrogen are 33.145K and 1.296MPa respectively, the driving force for liquid hydrogen transportation is usually room temperature hydrogen with a pressure of more than ten MPa provided by the high-pressure hydrogen source 2.
  • the present invention designs a treatment method for cooling high-pressure hydrogen.
  • the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the first time, and then the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling is used for the second time.
  • the pressurized hydrogen gas is pre-cooled, so that the high-pressure hydrogen gas is pre-cooled to a target temperature that can suppress the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 before entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 .
  • the target temperature that can suppress the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is theoretically The closer to the temperature of the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the better.
  • a target temperature higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature can be set based on the actual supercritical transition suppression effect of liquid hydrogen.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 refers to a hydrogen source that is higher than normal pressure. Its specific pressure needs to be selected according to actual test needs, and the specific pressure value is not limited. Therefore, it can also be called pressurized hydrogen.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 can be high-pressure hydrogen provided by a compressor or a high-pressure hydrogen bottle set. In this embodiment, a high-pressure hydrogen bottle set is selected as the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 to provide pressurized hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 is provided with a first hydrogen gas passage 6 and a second hydrogen gas passage 7 that constitute heat exchange contact.
  • the hydrogen throttling cooler 5 is preferably a gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and a heat pipe to increase heat exchange efficiency may be provided inside.
  • liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 is also required to assist secondary cooling.
  • the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 is divided into a tube side channel and a shell side channel, and the two constitute heat exchange contact.
  • the inlet end of the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen source 2, and the outlet end is connected to the headspace of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11. Its function is to transport the cooled high-pressure hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen storage tank. tank to complete the pressurization.
  • the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end of the hydrogen valve 3, the hydrogen flow meter 4, the first hydrogen passage 6 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5, the hydrogen temperature sensor 8, the hydrogen pressure sensor 9 and liquid hydrogen. Throttle the tube side channel of the cooler 10 .
  • the function of the hydrogen valve 3 is to control the opening and closing of the entire supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1
  • the function of the hydrogen flow meter 4 is to detect the hydrogen flow in the supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1
  • the function of the hydrogen temperature sensor 8 is to monitor the supercharged hydrogen gas flow.
  • the hydrogen gas temperature in the hydrogen gas pipeline 1 is detected
  • the function of the hydrogen gas pressure sensor 9 is to detect the hydrogen gas pressure in the supercharged hydrogen gas pipeline 1 .
  • the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 may adopt a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure.
  • the internal tube-side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure hydrogen to be cooled, and the external shell-side channel is used to circulate the gas generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling.
  • the liquid two-phase mixture uses the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen to cool down the high-pressure hydrogen gas twice.
  • the heat exchange tube structure of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 may also be provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area.
  • the function of the hydrogen throttling line 14 is to use part of the cold energy generated by the high-pressure hydrogen throttling to complete the pressurized hydrogen. initial pre-cooling.
  • the inlet end of the hydrogen throttle pipe 14 is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipe 1 between the hydrogen flow meter 4 and the hydrogen throttle cooler 5, and the outlet end is discharged outside.
  • the hydrogen throttle pipe 14 connects the hydrogen throttle valve 15 and the second hydrogen passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • the function of the hydrogen throttle valve 15 is to throttle the high-pressure hydrogen. After the throttling, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen decreases and the temperature decreases. Then it enters the second hydrogen passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 to enter the liquid hydrogen storage tank. 11% of high-pressure hydrogen provides cooling capacity.
  • the function of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 is to use the cold energy generated by partial high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling and vaporization to complete pre-cooling of the supercharged hydrogen again.
  • the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, and the outlet end is discharged outward.
  • the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 connects the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 , the liquid hydrogen throttling valve 18 , and the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • the function of the first liquid hydrogen cut-off valve 17 is to control the opening and closing of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16, thereby controlling whether the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 is activated.
  • the function of the liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18 is to throttle the high-pressure liquid hydrogen entering the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 when the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 is activated, thereby generating a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase mixture.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase mixture enters the shell-side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 and exchanges heat with the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube-side channel, thereby cooling the high-pressure hydrogen twice to meet the target temperature requirements.
  • the function of the liquid hydrogen filling line 19 is to transport the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested. Therefore, the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, and the outlet end is connected to the liquid hydrogen filling port of the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested.
  • the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end with a liquid hydrogen flow meter 20 , a liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21 , a liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22 and a second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 .
  • the function of the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 is to control the opening and closing of the entire liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, and the function of the liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 225 is to detect the liquid hydrogen temperature in the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19.
  • the function of the liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21 is to detect the liquid hydrogen pressure in the liquid hydrogen filling line 19, and the function of the liquid hydrogen flow meter 20 is to detect the liquid hydrogen flow rate in the liquid hydrogen filling line 19, so that The physical and chemical parameters of the liquid hydrogen injected into the liquid hydrogen engine meet the requirements.
  • the above-mentioned high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing operates as follows:
  • the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 can supply the required pressurized hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank 9 has been filled with an appropriate amount of liquid hydrogen.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen in the supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1 enters the hydrogen throttle pipeline 14 at the same time. It is first throttled through the hydrogen throttle valve 15. After throttling, the pressure and temperature of the throttled high-pressure hydrogen decrease, and then it enters the hydrogen throttle.
  • the second passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler of the flow cooler 5 provides cooling capacity for the supercharged hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 .
  • the present invention uses the cold energy generated by high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen, thereby suppressing the supercritical transformation of liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and ultimately making the liquid hydrogen storage tank
  • the output is all conventional liquid hydrogen, ensuring normal testing of subsequent liquid hydrogen engines.
  • the above process is the operation mode when the flow rate of supercharged hydrogen gas is large.
  • the flow rate of supercharged hydrogen gas is small, only single high-pressure hydrogen throttling or high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling can be used.
  • the hydrogen recovery equipment when hydrogen or liquid hydrogen is discharged from the outlet ends of the hydrogen throttling pipe 14 and the liquid hydrogen throttling pipe 16, the hydrogen recovery equipment can be connected for recycling, or the hydrogen gas can be directly recycled. Go short.
  • the throttled high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen can be recycled, such as directly fed into a hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is used to drive a refrigeration unit to cool the supercharged hydrogen.
  • a high-pressure liquid hydrogen transportation method for liquid hydrogen engine testing is provided, which specifically includes steps S1 to S4:
  • the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 is kept closed, so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues to pass through the pressurized hydrogen gas.
  • the pipeline 1 directly passes through the pipe side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 and then is injected into the liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11;
  • the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 and the liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18 are opened to allow the initial cooling of the high-pressure hydrogen gas.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen continues to enter the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1, while the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve through the liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline 16 Throttling and cooling are performed in step 18.
  • the cooled high-pressure liquid hydrogen enters the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 and then cools the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube side channel twice so that it does not exceed the temperature limit of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11.
  • the target temperature of the supercritical transition of internal liquid hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen after secondary cooling is injected into the liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11;
  • each valve and sensor in the system can be connected to the automatic control equipment, and the automatic control equipment performs unified automated control.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

A high-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and a method thereof. According to the high-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system, pressurized hydrogen is pre-cooled for the first time by using cooling capacity generated by throttling of high-pressure hydrogen, and then the pressurized hydrogen is pre-cooled for the second time by using the cooling capacity generated by throttling of high-pressure liquid hydrogen, thereby reducing a temperature driving potential difference of supercritical transition of the liquid hydrogen, and ensuring that the liquid hydrogen conveying system can output conventional liquid hydrogen within a set time. The high-pressure hydrogen and the high-pressure liquid hydrogen can be self-driven during throttling refrigeration, an additional driving device such as a compressor or a booster pump is not required, and the system has a simple structure and reliable performance.

Description

一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统及其方法A high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system and method for liquid hydrogen engine testing 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及氢能技术领域，特指一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统及其方法。The invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and specifically refers to a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system and method for liquid hydrogen engine testing.
背景技术Background technique
随着液氢的应用领域不断增加，以液氢作为发动机燃料的航天、航海和航空载具不断涌现。在以液氢为燃料的发动机测试过程中，需要将地面液氢储罐中的液氢在较短时间内输送至发动机测试端。而实际工程中，往往通过增压输送的方式将液氢储罐中的液氢输入至发动机测试端。在增压输送方式中，液氢预先被加注在液氢储罐中，然后向液氢储罐的顶空中注入高压氢气，从而增大管内压力，将液氢储罐中存储的液氢从出口压出，进入发动机测试端。但这种做法在实际应用中发现从液氢储罐中输出的液氢中存在大量的超临界氢，而超临界氢密度小于液氢，所以若输送至发动机测试端为超临界氢，则会导致氢燃料的供给量下降，影响正常的发动机测试。所以，在发动机测试时间段内防止向其输送超临界氢至关重要。但受限于液氢实验的特殊性和安全性，目前暂未发现抑制液氢增压输送过程超临界转变的相关技术。As the application fields of liquid hydrogen continue to increase, aerospace, navigation and aviation vehicles using liquid hydrogen as engine fuel continue to emerge. During the test of an engine using liquid hydrogen as fuel, the liquid hydrogen in the ground liquid hydrogen storage tank needs to be transported to the engine test end in a short period of time. In actual engineering, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is often input to the engine test end through pressurized transportation. In the pressurized transportation method, liquid hydrogen is pre-filled into the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and then high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the headspace of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, thereby increasing the pressure in the pipe and removing the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank from The outlet is pressed out and enters the engine test end. However, in practical applications of this approach, it is found that there is a large amount of supercritical hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen output from the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the density of supercritical hydrogen is smaller than that of liquid hydrogen. Therefore, if supercritical hydrogen is delivered to the engine test end, it will This leads to a decrease in the supply of hydrogen fuel and affects normal engine testing. Therefore, it is critical to prevent the delivery of supercritical hydrogen to the engine during the test period. However, due to the particularity and safety of liquid hydrogen experiments, no relevant technology has been found to inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen during pressurized transportation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决现有技术中通过增压输送液氢过程中容易出现液氢超临界转变的问题，并提供一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统及其方法。在本发明中，首先利用高压氢气节流产生的冷量第一次预冷增压氢气，随后利用高压液氢节流产量的冷量第二次预冷增压氢气，减小液氢发生超临界转变的温度驱动势差，保证液氢输送系统在规定时间内均可输出常规液氢。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that supercritical transformation of liquid hydrogen easily occurs during the process of transporting liquid hydrogen through pressurization, and to provide a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system and method for liquid hydrogen engine testing. In the present invention, the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling is first used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the first time, and then the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the second time, thereby reducing the occurrence of excess liquid hydrogen. The temperature driving potential difference of the critical transition ensures that the liquid hydrogen delivery system can output conventional liquid hydrogen within a specified time.
本发明拟用如下技术方案实现本发明的目的：The present invention intends to use the following technical solutions to achieve the purpose of the present invention:
第一方面，本发明提供了一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其包括增压氢气管路、氢气节流管路、液氢节流管路、液氢加注管路、氢气节流冷 却器和液氢节流冷却器；In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing, which includes a pressurized hydrogen pipeline, a hydrogen throttling pipeline, a liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline, and a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline. , hydrogen throttling cooling cooler and liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
所述氢气节流冷却器内设有构成换热接触的第一氢气通路和第二氢气通路；The hydrogen throttle cooler is provided with a first hydrogen passage and a second hydrogen passage that constitute heat exchange contact;
所述增压氢气管路的入口端连接高压氢气源，出口端连接液氢储罐的内腔顶空；增压氢气管路从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气阀、氢气流量计、氢气节流冷却器的第一氢气通路、氢气温度传感器、氢气压力传感器和液氢节流冷却器的管侧通道；The inlet end of the pressurized hydrogen pipeline is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen source, and the outlet end is connected to the headspace of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the pressurized hydrogen pipeline is sequentially connected from the inlet end to the outlet end to a hydrogen valve, a hydrogen flow meter, The first hydrogen passage of the hydrogen throttle cooler, the hydrogen temperature sensor, the hydrogen pressure sensor and the tube side passage of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
所述氢气节流管路的入口端连接氢气流量计和氢气节流冷却器之间的增压氢气管路，出口端外排；氢气节流管路从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气节流阀和氢气节流冷却器的第二氢气通路；The inlet end of the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipeline between the hydrogen flow meter and the hydrogen throttling cooler, and the outlet end is discharged externally; the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to hydrogen in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end. The throttle valve and the second hydrogen passage of the hydrogen throttle cooler;
所述液氢节流管路的入口端连接液氢储罐的内腔底部，出口端外排；液氢节流管路从入口端到出口端之间依次连接第一液氢截止阀、液氢节流阀、液氢节流冷却器的壳侧通道；The inlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet end is discharged; the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end of the first liquid hydrogen stop valve, the liquid hydrogen stop valve, and the liquid hydrogen stop valve. Hydrogen throttle valve, shell side channel of liquid hydrogen throttle cooler;
所述液氢加注管路的入口端连接液氢储罐的内腔底部，出口端连接待测试的液氢发动机；液氢加注管路从入口端到出口端之间依次连接液氢流量计、液氢压力传感器、液氢温度传感器和第二液氢截止阀。The inlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet end is connected to the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested; the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is sequentially connected to the liquid hydrogen flow rate from the inlet end to the outlet end. meter, liquid hydrogen pressure sensor, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor and second liquid hydrogen stop valve.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述高压氢气源采用由压缩机提供的高压氢气或高压氢气瓶组。As a preferred option in the above first aspect, the high-pressure hydrogen source adopts high-pressure hydrogen provided by a compressor or a high-pressure hydrogen bottle group.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述液氢节流冷却器为管壳式换热结构，内部管侧通道用于流通待冷却的高压氢气，外部壳侧通道用于流通高压液氢节流产生的气液两相混合物。As a preferred option of the above first aspect, the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler is a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure. The internal tube side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure hydrogen to be cooled, and the external shell side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling generator. gas-liquid two-phase mixture.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述液氢节流冷却器的换热管结构上设有增加换热面积的翅片。As a preferred aspect of the above first aspect, the heat exchange tube structure of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述氢气节流冷却器为气-气换热器，内部设有增加换热效率的热管。As a preferred aspect of the above first aspect, the hydrogen throttling cooler is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger with a heat pipe inside to increase heat exchange efficiency.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述氢气节流管路的出口端连接氢气回收设备或者直接放空。As a preferred aspect of the above first aspect, the outlet end of the hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述液氢节流管路的出口端连接氢气回收设备或者直接放空。As a preferred aspect of the above first aspect, the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
作为上述第一方面的优选，所述氢气回收设备为用于发电的氢燃料电池。 As a preferred aspect of the above first aspect, the hydrogen recovery equipment is a hydrogen fuel cell used for power generation.
第二方面，本发明提供了一种利用如上述第一方面任一所述系统的液氢发动机测试高压液氢输送方法，其包括：In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery using a liquid hydrogen engine using the system described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects, which includes:
S1、向液氢储罐内加注满足液氢发动机测试用量的液氢；S1. Fill the liquid hydrogen storage tank with liquid hydrogen that meets the test requirements of the liquid hydrogen engine;
S2、打开氢气阀，将来自高压氢气源的常温高压氢气分别通过增压氢气管路和氢气节流管路导入氢气节流冷却器的第一氢气通路和第二氢气通路中，第二氢气通路中的高压氢气预先被氢气节流阀进行节流并降温，从而通过换热使第一氢气通路中的高压氢气初步降温；S2. Open the hydrogen valve, and introduce the normal-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen source into the first hydrogen passage and the second hydrogen passage of the hydrogen throttling cooler through the boosted hydrogen pipeline and the hydrogen throttling pipeline. The second hydrogen passage The high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen passage is preliminarily throttled and cooled by the hydrogen throttle valve, so that the high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen passage is initially cooled through heat exchange;
S3、通过氢气温度传感器对初步降温后的高压氢气温度进行实时测量，并根据高压氢气实时温度进行如下控制：S3. Use the hydrogen temperature sensor to measure the high-pressure hydrogen temperature after initial cooling in real time, and perform the following controls based on the real-time temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen:
若初步降温后的高压氢气温度未超过能够抑制液氢储罐内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则保持第一液氢截止阀关闭，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路直接穿过液氢节流冷却器的管侧通道后注入液氢储罐的液氢储罐气相区中，提升液氢储罐内部的压力；If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the first liquid hydrogen stop valve is kept closed so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues to pass through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline. Directly pass through the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler and then inject it into the gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
若初步降温后的高压氢气温度仍然高于能够抑制液氢储罐内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则打开第一液氢截止阀和液氢节流阀，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路进入液氢节流冷却器的管侧通道中，而液氢储罐内的高压液氢则通过液氢节流管路进入液氢节流阀中进行节流降温，降温后的高压液氢进入液氢节流冷却器的壳侧通道进而对管侧通道内的高压氢气进行二次降温，使其不超过能够抑制液氢储罐内液氢超临界转变的目标温度；二次降温后的高压氢气注入液氢储罐的液氢储罐气相区中，以提升液氢储罐内部的压力；If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling is still higher than the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the first liquid hydrogen stop valve and the liquid hydrogen throttle valve are opened to allow the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling to continue. It enters the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve through the liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline for throttling and cooling. The high-pressure liquid hydrogen then enters the shell-side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler and then cools the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube-side channel for a second time so that it does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; The high-pressure hydrogen after secondary cooling is injected into the gas phase area of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
S4、通过氢气压力传感器实时检测压力，当其压力达到目标压力值后打开第二液氢截止阀，使液氢储罐液相区底部的液氢在液氢储罐气相区的增压氢气作用下进入液氢加注管路，并依次流经液氢流量计、液氢压力传感器、液氢温度传感器和第二液氢截止阀后，最终输送至液氢发动机测试端。S4. Use the hydrogen pressure sensor to detect the pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the target pressure value, open the second liquid hydrogen stop valve to allow the liquid hydrogen at the bottom of the liquid phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to supercharge hydrogen in the gas phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. It enters the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline, flows through the liquid hydrogen flow meter, liquid hydrogen pressure sensor, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor and the second liquid hydrogen stop valve in sequence, and is finally transported to the liquid hydrogen engine test end.
作为上述第二方面的优选，在液氢发动机测试端需要持续输送恒压液氢时，需根据系统中的各传感器所检测的数据联动控制系统中的各阀门开度，保证注入液氢储罐气相区中的高压氢气温度恒定，且液氢储罐气相区的压力恒定。As an option for the second aspect above, when constant pressure liquid hydrogen needs to be continuously transported at the test end of the liquid hydrogen engine, the opening of each valve in the system needs to be controlled in a linkage manner based on the data detected by each sensor in the system to ensure that the liquid hydrogen storage tank is injected. The temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen in the gas phase zone is constant, and the pressure in the gas phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant.
本发明相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：Compared with the existing technology, the outstanding and beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:
1)本发明利用高压氢气节流产生的冷量对增压氢气进行初步预冷，利用高 压液氢节流及汽化产生的冷量对增压氢气进行二次预冷，具有形式多样、冷量可调、适应性广的优点。1) The present invention uses the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling to preliminarily pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen. The cooling capacity generated by hydraulic hydrogen throttling and vaporization is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen twice, which has the advantages of various forms, adjustable cooling capacity, and wide adaptability.
2)本发明的高压氢气和高压液氢节流制冷时可进行自驱动，无需压缩机或增压泵等额外的动设备，系统结构简单、性能可靠。2) The high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling refrigeration system of the present invention can be self-driven without requiring additional dynamic equipment such as compressors or booster pumps. The system structure is simple and the performance is reliable.
3)本发明通过双节流产生的氢气纯度较高，可直接进行回收再利用，最大限度地降低液氢增压超临界转变抑制所消耗的资源量。3) The hydrogen produced by the present invention through double throttling has high purity and can be directly recycled and reused, minimizing the amount of resources consumed by supercritical transition suppression of liquid hydrogen supercharging.
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果做进一步说明，以充分的了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to the present invention.
图中：增压氢气管路1、高压氢气源2、氢气阀3、氢气流量计4、氢气节流冷却器5、第一氢气通路6、第二氢气通路7、氢气温度传感器8、氢气压力传感器9、液氢节流冷却器10、液氢储罐11、液氢储罐液相区12、液氢储罐气相区13、氢气节流管路14、氢气节流阀15、液氢节流管路16、第一液氢截止阀17、液氢节流阀18、液氢加注管路19、液氢流量计20、液氢压力传感器21、液氢温度传感器22、第二液氢截止阀23。In the figure: pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1, high-pressure hydrogen source 2, hydrogen valve 3, hydrogen flow meter 4, hydrogen throttle cooler 5, first hydrogen passage 6, second hydrogen passage 7, hydrogen temperature sensor 8, hydrogen pressure Sensor 9, liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10, liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, liquid hydrogen storage tank liquid phase area 12, liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase area 13, hydrogen throttle pipeline 14, hydrogen throttle valve 15, liquid hydrogen throttle Flow pipe 16, first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17, liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18, liquid hydrogen filling pipe 19, liquid hydrogen flow meter 20, liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22, second liquid hydrogen Stop valve 23.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。本发明各个实施例中的技术特征在没有相互冲突的前提下，均可进行相应组合。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features in various embodiments of the present invention can be combined accordingly as long as they do not conflict with each other.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者是间接连接即存在中间元件。相反，当元件为称作“直接”与另一元件连接时，不存在中间元件。In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected through the presence of intervening elements. In contrast, when an element is said to be "directly" connected to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于区分描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。 In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction and description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. . Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
如图1所示，在本发明的一个较佳实施例中，提供了一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其组成元件包括增压氢气管路1、高压氢气源2、氢气阀3、氢气流量计4、氢气节流冷却器5、第一氢气通路6、第二氢气通路7、氢气温度传感器8、氢气压力传感器9、液氢节流冷却器10、液氢储罐11、氢气节流管路14、氢气节流阀15、液氢节流管路16、第一液氢截止阀17、液氢节流阀18、液氢加注管路19、液氢流量计20、液氢压力传感器21、液氢温度传感器22和第二液氢截止阀23。As shown in Figure 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing is provided. Its components include a pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1, a high-pressure hydrogen source 2, Hydrogen valve 3, hydrogen flow meter 4, hydrogen throttle cooler 5, first hydrogen passage 6, second hydrogen passage 7, hydrogen temperature sensor 8, hydrogen pressure sensor 9, liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10, liquid hydrogen storage tank 11. Hydrogen throttle pipeline 14, hydrogen throttle valve 15, liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline 16, first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17, liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18, liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, liquid hydrogen flow meter 20. Liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22 and second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23.
液氢储罐11是一个外部包裹绝热材料的密闭罐体，管体上设置液氢加注口。液氢储罐11的罐体内腔用于存储待加注至液氢发动机中的液氢。在实际应用中，液氢储罐11的内腔以液氢液面为界分为液氢储罐液相区12和液氢储罐气相区13，当增压氢气管路1将增压氢气注入液氢储罐气相区13时，液氢储罐气相区13的压力会逐渐增大，进而将液氢储罐液相区12中的液氢通过液氢加注管路19注入液氢发动机测试端，该过程可称为液氢增压输送过程。The liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is a sealed tank wrapped with thermal insulation material on the outside, and a liquid hydrogen filling port is provided on the pipe body. The inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is used to store liquid hydrogen to be added to the liquid hydrogen engine. In practical applications, the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is divided into the liquid phase area 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the gas phase area 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank with the liquid hydrogen level as the boundary. When the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 will pressurize the hydrogen When the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is injected, the pressure of the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank will gradually increase, and then the liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank will be injected into the liquid hydrogen engine through the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 On the test side, this process can be called the liquid hydrogen pressurized transportation process.
通过对该液氢增压输送过程的研究发现，导致该过程中液氢向超临界氢转变的原因主要在于液氢储罐液相区12和液氢储罐气相区13两者的气液两相交界面处的升温。由于液氢的三相点温度和压力分别为33.145K和1.296MPa，而液氢输送的动力通常为高压氢气源2提供的压力高达十几兆帕的室温氢气。所以当增压氢气进入液氢储罐11中进行增压时，除液氢储罐正常为发动机测试端输送液氢外，气液两相交界面位置存在气相高液相低的温度差，液氢储罐11中与增压氢气接触的液氢会逐渐转变为超临界氢。由于液氢向超临界氢转变时无相变潜热，且超临界氢的导热系数大于液氢，所以增压氢气的热量会迅速向液氢储罐的下部传输，使更多的液氢转变为超临界氢。因此，控制气液两相交界面处的液氢升温，减小交界面处液氢发生超临界转变的温度驱动势差，是抑制液氢增压输送过程中液氢向超临界氢转变的关键。Through the study of the pressurized transportation process of liquid hydrogen, it was found that the main reason for the transformation of liquid hydrogen into supercritical hydrogen in this process is the gas-liquid two-way gap between the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Temperature rise at the interface. Since the triple point temperature and pressure of liquid hydrogen are 33.145K and 1.296MPa respectively, the driving force for liquid hydrogen transportation is usually room temperature hydrogen with a pressure of more than ten MPa provided by the high-pressure hydrogen source 2. Therefore, when the pressurized hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 for pressurization, in addition to the liquid hydrogen storage tank normally transporting liquid hydrogen to the engine test end, there is a temperature difference between the gas and liquid phases at the interface between the gas phase and the liquid phase. The liquid hydrogen in contact with the pressurized hydrogen gas in the storage tank 11 will gradually transform into supercritical hydrogen. Since there is no latent heat of phase change when liquid hydrogen transforms into supercritical hydrogen, and the thermal conductivity of supercritical hydrogen is greater than that of liquid hydrogen, the heat of the pressurized hydrogen will be quickly transferred to the lower part of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, causing more liquid hydrogen to transform into supercritical hydrogen. Therefore, controlling the temperature rise of liquid hydrogen at the interface between gas and liquid phases and reducing the temperature driving potential difference for supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen at the interface is the key to inhibiting the transition from liquid hydrogen to supercritical hydrogen during pressurized transportation of liquid hydrogen.
基于上述原理，本发明设计了对高压氢气进行降温的处理措施，首先利用高压氢气节流产生的冷量第一次预冷增压氢气，随后利用高压液氢节流产量的冷量第二次预冷增压氢气，从而使高压氢气进入液氢储罐11之前预先被降温至能够抑制液氢储罐11内液氢超临界转变的目标温度。Based on the above principles, the present invention designs a treatment method for cooling high-pressure hydrogen. First, the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling is used to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen for the first time, and then the cooling capacity generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling is used for the second time. The pressurized hydrogen gas is pre-cooled, so that the high-pressure hydrogen gas is pre-cooled to a target temperature that can suppress the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 before entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 .
需要说明的是，能够抑制液氢储罐11内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，理论 上越接近液氢储罐液相区12中存储的液氢的温度越佳。但实际应用时，无需将高压氢气降温至液氢温度，可根据实际的液氢超临界转变抑制效果设置一个高于液氢温度的目标温度。当高压氢气满足该目标温度时，能够总体上抑制液氢向超临界氢的转变即可，有极少量液氢发生超临界氢转变也是允许的。It should be noted that the target temperature that can suppress the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 is theoretically The closer to the temperature of the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the better. However, in actual applications, there is no need to cool down the high-pressure hydrogen gas to the liquid hydrogen temperature. A target temperature higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature can be set based on the actual supercritical transition suppression effect of liquid hydrogen. When the high-pressure hydrogen meets the target temperature, the transformation of liquid hydrogen to supercritical hydrogen can be suppressed as a whole, and a very small amount of liquid hydrogen is allowed to undergo supercritical hydrogen transformation.
下面对用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统中各组成元件的具体连接方式和工作原理进行详细描述，以便于理解本发明的实质。The specific connection methods and working principles of each component in the high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding of the essence of the present invention.
需要说明的是，高压氢气源2是指高于常压的氢气源，其具体的压力需要根据实际测试需要选定，并不限定具体的压力值，因此亦可称为增压氢气。该高压氢气源2可采用由压缩机提供的高压氢气或高压氢气瓶组，本实施例中选择用高压氢气瓶组来作为高压氢气源2提供增压氢气。It should be noted that the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 refers to a hydrogen source that is higher than normal pressure. Its specific pressure needs to be selected according to actual test needs, and the specific pressure value is not limited. Therefore, it can also be called pressurized hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen source 2 can be high-pressure hydrogen provided by a compressor or a high-pressure hydrogen bottle set. In this embodiment, a high-pressure hydrogen bottle set is selected as the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 to provide pressurized hydrogen.
另外，为了实现对高压氢气的降温冷却，氢气节流冷却器5内设有构成换热接触的第一氢气通路6和第二氢气通路7。在本实施例中，氢气节流冷却器5优选采用为气-气换热器，内部可以设置增加换热效率的热管。In addition, in order to realize the cooling of high-pressure hydrogen gas, the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 is provided with a first hydrogen gas passage 6 and a second hydrogen gas passage 7 that constitute heat exchange contact. In this embodiment, the hydrogen throttling cooler 5 is preferably a gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and a heat pipe to increase heat exchange efficiency may be provided inside.
由于在高压氢气流量较大时，单纯依靠高压氢气的节流不一定能够达到充分的降温效果，因此还需要设置液氢节流冷却器10进行辅助二次降温。液氢节流冷却器10内分为管侧通道和壳侧通道，两者构成换热接触。Since when the flow rate of high-pressure hydrogen gas is large, relying solely on throttling of high-pressure hydrogen gas may not necessarily achieve a sufficient cooling effect, a liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 is also required to assist secondary cooling. The liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 is divided into a tube side channel and a shell side channel, and the two constitute heat exchange contact.
继续参见图1所示，增压氢气管路1的入口端连接高压氢气源2，出口端连接液氢储罐11的内腔顶空，其作用是将冷却后的高压氢气输送至液氢储罐，完成增压。增压氢气管路1从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气阀3、氢气流量计4、氢气节流冷却器5的第一氢气通路6、氢气温度传感器8、氢气压力传感器9和液氢节流冷却器10的管侧通道。Continuing to refer to Figure 1, the inlet end of the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen source 2, and the outlet end is connected to the headspace of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11. Its function is to transport the cooled high-pressure hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen storage tank. tank to complete the pressurization. The pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1 is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end of the hydrogen valve 3, the hydrogen flow meter 4, the first hydrogen passage 6 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5, the hydrogen temperature sensor 8, the hydrogen pressure sensor 9 and liquid hydrogen. Throttle the tube side channel of the cooler 10 .
氢气阀3的作用是控制整条增压氢气管路1的启闭，氢气流量计4的作用是对增压氢气管路1中的氢气流量进行检测，氢气温度传感器8的作用是对增压氢气管路1中的氢气温度进行检测，氢气压力传感器9的作用是对增压氢气管路1中的氢气压力进行检测。在本实施例中，液氢节流冷却器10可采用管壳式换热结构，内部管侧通道用于流通待冷却的高压氢气，外部壳侧通道用于流通高压液氢节流产生的气液两相混合物，由此利用液氢的冷量对高压氢气进行二次降温。同样的，液氢节流冷却器10的换热管结构上也可以设有增加换热面积的翅片。The function of the hydrogen valve 3 is to control the opening and closing of the entire supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1, the function of the hydrogen flow meter 4 is to detect the hydrogen flow in the supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1, and the function of the hydrogen temperature sensor 8 is to monitor the supercharged hydrogen gas flow. The hydrogen gas temperature in the hydrogen gas pipeline 1 is detected, and the function of the hydrogen gas pressure sensor 9 is to detect the hydrogen gas pressure in the supercharged hydrogen gas pipeline 1 . In this embodiment, the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 may adopt a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure. The internal tube-side channel is used to circulate the high-pressure hydrogen to be cooled, and the external shell-side channel is used to circulate the gas generated by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling. The liquid two-phase mixture uses the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen to cool down the high-pressure hydrogen gas twice. Similarly, the heat exchange tube structure of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 may also be provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area.
氢气节流管路14的作用是利用部分高压氢气节流产生的冷量完成增压氢气 的初步预冷。氢气节流管路14的入口端连接氢气流量计4和氢气节流冷却器5之间的增压氢气管路1，出口端外排。氢气节流管路14从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气节流阀15和氢气节流冷却器5的第二氢气通路7。其中氢气节流阀15的作用是对高压氢气进行节流，节流后的高压氢气压力减小且温度降低，随后进入氢气节流冷却器5的第二氢气通路7，为进入液氢储罐11的高压氢气提供冷量。The function of the hydrogen throttling line 14 is to use part of the cold energy generated by the high-pressure hydrogen throttling to complete the pressurized hydrogen. initial pre-cooling. The inlet end of the hydrogen throttle pipe 14 is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipe 1 between the hydrogen flow meter 4 and the hydrogen throttle cooler 5, and the outlet end is discharged outside. The hydrogen throttle pipe 14 connects the hydrogen throttle valve 15 and the second hydrogen passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end. The function of the hydrogen throttle valve 15 is to throttle the high-pressure hydrogen. After the throttling, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen decreases and the temperature decreases. Then it enters the second hydrogen passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5 to enter the liquid hydrogen storage tank. 11% of high-pressure hydrogen provides cooling capacity.
液氢节流管路16的作用是利用部分高压液氢节流及汽化产生的冷量完成增压氢气的再次预冷。液氢节流管路16的入口端连接液氢储罐11的内腔底部，出口端外排。液氢节流管路16从入口端到出口端之间依次连接第一液氢截止阀17、液氢节流阀18、液氢节流冷却器10的壳侧通道。第一液氢截止阀17的作用是控制液氢节流管路16的通断，从而控制液氢节流冷却器10是否启用。液氢节流阀18的作用是在液氢节流冷却器10启用时，对进入液氢节流冷却器10的壳侧通道的高压液氢进行节流，从而产生低温的气液两相混合物，气液两相混合物进入液氢节流冷却器10的壳侧通道后与管侧通道中的高压氢气进行换热，从而对高压氢气进行二次降温，使其满足目标温度要求。The function of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 is to use the cold energy generated by partial high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling and vaporization to complete pre-cooling of the supercharged hydrogen again. The inlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, and the outlet end is discharged outward. The liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16 connects the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 , the liquid hydrogen throttling valve 18 , and the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end. The function of the first liquid hydrogen cut-off valve 17 is to control the opening and closing of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline 16, thereby controlling whether the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 is activated. The function of the liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18 is to throttle the high-pressure liquid hydrogen entering the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 when the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 is activated, thereby generating a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase mixture. , the gas-liquid two-phase mixture enters the shell-side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 and exchanges heat with the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube-side channel, thereby cooling the high-pressure hydrogen twice to meet the target temperature requirements.
液氢加注管路19的作用是将液氢储罐11中的液氢输送至待测试的液氢发动机中。因此，液氢加注管路19的入口端连接液氢储罐11的内腔底部，出口端连接待测试的液氢发动机的液氢加注口。液氢加注管路19从入口端到出口端之间依次连接液氢流量计20、液氢压力传感器21、液氢温度传感器22和第二液氢截止阀23。其中，第二液氢截止阀23的作用是控制整条液氢加注管路19的启闭，液氢温度传感器225的作用是对液氢加注管路19中的液氢温度进行检测，液氢压力传感器21的作用是对液氢加注管路19中的液氢压力进行检测，液氢流量计20的作用是对液氢加注管路19中的液氢流量进行检测，从而使加注至液氢发动机中的液氢的理化参数满足要求。The function of the liquid hydrogen filling line 19 is to transport the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested. Therefore, the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, and the outlet end is connected to the liquid hydrogen filling port of the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested. The liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19 is connected in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end with a liquid hydrogen flow meter 20 , a liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21 , a liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22 and a second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 . Among them, the function of the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 is to control the opening and closing of the entire liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, and the function of the liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 225 is to detect the liquid hydrogen temperature in the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19. The function of the liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21 is to detect the liquid hydrogen pressure in the liquid hydrogen filling line 19, and the function of the liquid hydrogen flow meter 20 is to detect the liquid hydrogen flow rate in the liquid hydrogen filling line 19, so that The physical and chemical parameters of the liquid hydrogen injected into the liquid hydrogen engine meet the requirements.
上述用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统的运行方式如下：The above-mentioned high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing operates as follows:
(1)高压氢气源2可供应所需的增压氢气，液氢储罐9内已加注适量的液氢。(1) The high-pressure hydrogen source 2 can supply the required pressurized hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank 9 has been filled with an appropriate amount of liquid hydrogen.
(2)打开氢气阀3，来自高压氢气源2的常温高压氢气进入增压氢气管路1，在经过氢气阀3和氢气流量计4后进入氢气节流冷却器5的氢气节流冷却器第一通路6，吸收高压氢气节流产生的冷量进行初步降温，随后在流经氢气温度传感 器8和氢气压力传感器9后进入液氢节流冷却器10，吸收高压液氢节流和汽化产生的冷量进行二次降温，达到设定温度后进入液氢储罐11，与液氢储罐气相区13的低温氢气混合，提升液氢储罐11内部的压力。(2) Open the hydrogen valve 3, and the normal-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 enters the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1. After passing through the hydrogen valve 3 and the hydrogen flow meter 4, it enters the hydrogen throttle cooler 5. A path 6 absorbs the cold energy generated by high-pressure hydrogen throttling for preliminary cooling, and then senses the temperature of the hydrogen gas flowing through it. 8 and the hydrogen pressure sensor 9, it enters the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10, which absorbs the cold generated by the high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling and vaporization for secondary cooling. After reaching the set temperature, it enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 and is connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank. The low-temperature hydrogen in the tank gas phase zone 13 is mixed to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 .
(3)增压氢气管路1中的高压氢气同时进入氢气节流管路14，首先经过氢气节流阀15进行节流，节流后的高压氢气压力减小且温度降低，随后进入氢气节流冷却器5的氢气节流冷却器第二通路7，为进入液氢储罐11的增压氢气提供冷量。(3) The high-pressure hydrogen in the supercharged hydrogen pipeline 1 enters the hydrogen throttle pipeline 14 at the same time. It is first throttled through the hydrogen throttle valve 15. After throttling, the pressure and temperature of the throttled high-pressure hydrogen decrease, and then it enters the hydrogen throttle. The second passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler of the flow cooler 5 provides cooling capacity for the supercharged hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 .
(4)打开第一液氢截止阀17，在液氢储罐气相区13中的高压氢气驱动下，液氢储罐11中的高压液氢进入液氢节流管路16，流经第一液氢截止阀17后进入液氢节流阀18进行节流，节流后的高压液氢变成低温低压的气液两相混合物，随后进入液氢节流冷却器10，为进入液氢储罐11的增压氢气提供冷量，冷量包括气液两相混合物的显冷以及液氢的汽化冷量。(4) Open the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17. Driven by the high-pressure hydrogen in the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 enters the liquid hydrogen throttling pipe 16 and flows through the first After the liquid hydrogen stop valve 17, it enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18 for throttling. The throttled high-pressure liquid hydrogen becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase mixture, and then enters the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 to enter the liquid hydrogen storage. The pressurized hydrogen in the tank 11 provides cooling capacity, which includes sensible cooling of the gas-liquid two-phase mixture and vaporization cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen.
(5)打开第二液氢截止阀23，在增压氢气的作用下，液氢储罐液相区12底部的液氢进入液氢加注管路19，依次流经液氢流量计20、液氢压力传感器21、液氢温度传感器22、第二液氢截止阀23，最终输送至液氢发动机测试端；(5) Open the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23. Under the action of pressurized hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen at the bottom of the liquid phase zone 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, and flows through the liquid hydrogen flow meter 20, The liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, the liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22, and the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 are finally transported to the liquid hydrogen engine test end;
由此，本发明通过利用高压氢气和高压液氢节流产生的冷量对增压氢气进行预冷，进而抑制液氢储罐液相区的液氢超临界转变，最终可使液氢储罐输出的均为常规液氢，保证后续液氢发动机的正常测试。Therefore, the present invention uses the cold energy generated by high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling to pre-cool the supercharged hydrogen, thereby suppressing the supercritical transformation of liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase zone of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and ultimately making the liquid hydrogen storage tank The output is all conventional liquid hydrogen, ensuring normal testing of subsequent liquid hydrogen engines.
当然，需要注意的是，上述流程为增压氢气流量较大时的运行方式，当增压氢气流量较小时，也可仅采用单一高压氢气节流或高压液氢节流的方式。Of course, it should be noted that the above process is the operation mode when the flow rate of supercharged hydrogen gas is large. When the flow rate of supercharged hydrogen gas is small, only single high-pressure hydrogen throttling or high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling can be used.
另外，需要注意的是，在本发明中，氢气节流管路14和液氢节流管路16的出口端外排氢气或液氢时，既可以连接氢气回收设备进行回收利用，也可以直接放空。作为本发明实施例的一种较佳实现方式，节流后的高压氢气和高压液氢可进行回收利用，如直接通入氢燃料电池发电，并利用产生的电能驱动制冷机组冷却增压氢气。In addition, it should be noted that in the present invention, when hydrogen or liquid hydrogen is discharged from the outlet ends of the hydrogen throttling pipe 14 and the liquid hydrogen throttling pipe 16, the hydrogen recovery equipment can be connected for recycling, or the hydrogen gas can be directly recycled. Go short. As a preferred implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, the throttled high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure liquid hydrogen can be recycled, such as directly fed into a hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is used to drive a refrigeration unit to cool the supercharged hydrogen.
在本发明的另一实施例中，还基于上述高压液氢输送系统，提供了一种液氢发动机测试高压液氢输送方法，其具体包括S1～S4步骤：In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above-mentioned high-pressure liquid hydrogen transportation system, a high-pressure liquid hydrogen transportation method for liquid hydrogen engine testing is provided, which specifically includes steps S1 to S4:
S1、向液氢储罐9内加注满足液氢发动机测试用量的液氢；S1. Fill the liquid hydrogen storage tank 9 with liquid hydrogen that meets the test amount of the liquid hydrogen engine;
S2、打开氢气阀3，将来自高压氢气源2的常温高压氢气分别通过增压氢气 管路1和氢气节流管路14导入氢气节流冷却器5的第一氢气通路6和第二氢气通路7中，第二氢气通路7中的高压氢气预先被氢气节流阀15进行节流并降温，从而通过换热使第一氢气通路6中的高压氢气初步降温；S2. Open the hydrogen valve 3 and pass the normal temperature and high-pressure hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen source 2 through the pressurized hydrogen gas respectively. The pipeline 1 and the hydrogen throttle pipe 14 are introduced into the first hydrogen passage 6 and the second hydrogen passage 7 of the hydrogen throttle cooler 5. The high-pressure hydrogen in the second hydrogen passage 7 is throttled by the hydrogen throttle valve 15 in advance. And the temperature is lowered, so that the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the first hydrogen gas passage 6 is initially cooled down through heat exchange;
S3、通过氢气温度传感器8对初步降温后的高压氢气温度进行实时测量，并根据高压氢气实时温度进行如下控制：S3. Use the hydrogen temperature sensor 8 to measure the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas in real time after the initial cooling, and perform the following controls based on the real-time temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas:
若初步降温后的高压氢气温度未超过能够抑制液氢储罐11内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则保持第一液氢截止阀17关闭，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路1直接穿过液氢节流冷却器10的管侧通道后注入液氢储罐11的液氢储罐气相区13中，提升液氢储罐11内部的压力；If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 is kept closed, so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues to pass through the pressurized hydrogen gas. The pipeline 1 directly passes through the pipe side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 and then is injected into the liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11;
若初步降温后的高压氢气温度仍然高于能够抑制液氢储罐11内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则打开第一液氢截止阀17和液氢节流阀18，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路1进入液氢节流冷却器10的管侧通道中，而液氢储罐11内的高压液氢则通过液氢节流管路16进入液氢节流阀18中进行节流降温，降温后的高压液氢进入液氢节流冷却器10的壳侧通道进而对管侧通道内的高压氢气进行二次降温，使其不超过能够抑制液氢储罐11内液氢超临界转变的目标温度；二次降温后的高压氢气注入液氢储罐11的液氢储罐气相区13中，以提升液氢储罐11内部的压力；If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling is still higher than the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11, the first liquid hydrogen stop valve 17 and the liquid hydrogen throttle valve 18 are opened to allow the initial cooling of the high-pressure hydrogen gas. The high-pressure hydrogen continues to enter the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler 10 through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 1, while the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve through the liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline 16 Throttling and cooling are performed in step 18. The cooled high-pressure liquid hydrogen enters the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler 10 and then cools the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube side channel twice so that it does not exceed the temperature limit of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11. The target temperature of the supercritical transition of internal liquid hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen after secondary cooling is injected into the liquid hydrogen storage tank gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11 to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 11;
S4、通过氢气压力传感器9实时检测压力，当其压力达到目标压力值后打开第二液氢截止阀23，使液氢储罐液相区12底部的液氢在液氢储罐气相区13的增压氢气作用下进入液氢加注管路19，并依次流经液氢流量计20、液氢压力传感器21、液氢温度传感器22和第二液氢截止阀23后，最终输送至液氢发动机测试端。S4. Use the hydrogen pressure sensor 9 to detect the pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the target pressure value, open the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 so that the liquid hydrogen at the bottom of the liquid phase area 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is in the gas phase area 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Under the action of pressurized hydrogen, it enters the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 19, and flows through the liquid hydrogen flow meter 20, the liquid hydrogen pressure sensor 21, the liquid hydrogen temperature sensor 22 and the second liquid hydrogen stop valve 23 in sequence, and is finally transported to the liquid hydrogen Engine test end.
另外，在液氢发动机测试端需要持续输送恒压液氢时，需根据系统中的各传感器所检测的数据联动控制系统中的各阀门开度，调节不同管路中的工质流量，从而保证注入液氢储罐气相区13中的高压氢气温度恒定，且液氢储罐气相区13的压力恒定。因此，作为本发明实施例的一种较佳实现方式，该系统中的各阀门和传感器都可以连接至自控设备中，由自控设备统一进行自动化控制。In addition, when constant pressure liquid hydrogen needs to be continuously transported at the test end of the liquid hydrogen engine, the opening of each valve in the system needs to be controlled in conjunction with the data detected by each sensor in the system, and the working fluid flow in different pipelines must be adjusted to ensure The temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen injected into the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant, and the pressure of the gas phase zone 13 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant. Therefore, as a preferred implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, each valve and sensor in the system can be connected to the automatic control equipment, and the automatic control equipment performs unified automated control.
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案，然其并非用以限制本发明。有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以 做出各种变化和变型。因此凡采取等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。 The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields may also make modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Make various changes and variations. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by adopting equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，包括增压氢气管路(1)、氢气节流管路(14)、液氢节流管路(16)、液氢加注管路(19)、氢气节流冷却器(5)和液氢节流冷却器(10)；A high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing, which is characterized by including a pressurized hydrogen pipeline (1), a hydrogen throttle pipeline (14), a liquid hydrogen throttle pipeline (16), liquid hydrogen Filling pipeline (19), hydrogen throttle cooler (5) and liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10);
    所述氢气节流冷却器(5)内设有构成换热接触的第一氢气通路(6)和第二氢气通路(7)；The hydrogen throttle cooler (5) is provided with a first hydrogen passage (6) and a second hydrogen passage (7) that constitute heat exchange contact;
    所述增压氢气管路(1)的入口端连接高压氢气源(2)，出口端连接液氢储罐(11)的内腔顶空；增压氢气管路(1)从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气阀(3)、氢气流量计(4)、氢气节流冷却器(5)的第一氢气通路(6)、氢气温度传感器(8)、氢气压力传感器(9)和液氢节流冷却器(10)的管侧通道；The inlet end of the pressurized hydrogen pipeline (1) is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen source (2), and the outlet end is connected to the headspace of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11); the pressurized hydrogen pipeline (1) runs from the inlet end to the outlet The hydrogen valve (3), hydrogen flow meter (4), first hydrogen passage (6) of the hydrogen throttle cooler (5), hydrogen temperature sensor (8), hydrogen pressure sensor (9) and liquid are connected in sequence between the ends. The tube side channel of the hydrogen throttle cooler (10);
    所述氢气节流管路(14)的入口端连接氢气流量计(4)和氢气节流冷却器(5)之间的增压氢气管路(1)，出口端外排；氢气节流管路(14)从入口端到出口端之间依次连接氢气节流阀(15)和氢气节流冷却器(5)的第二氢气通路(7)；The inlet end of the hydrogen throttle pipe (14) is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipe (1) between the hydrogen flow meter (4) and the hydrogen throttle cooler (5), and the outlet end is discharged externally; the hydrogen throttle pipe The path (14) sequentially connects the hydrogen throttle valve (15) and the second hydrogen passage (7) of the hydrogen throttle cooler (5) from the inlet end to the outlet end;
    所述液氢节流管路(16)的入口端连接液氢储罐(11)的内腔底部，出口端外排；液氢节流管路(16)从入口端到出口端之间依次连接第一液氢截止阀(17)、液氢节流阀(18)、液氢节流冷却器(10)的壳侧通道；The inlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline (16) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11), and the outlet end is discharged outward; the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline (16) is sequentially connected from the inlet end to the outlet end. The shell side channel connected to the first liquid hydrogen stop valve (17), liquid hydrogen throttle valve (18), and liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10);
    所述液氢加注管路(19)的入口端连接液氢储罐(11)的内腔底部，出口端连接待测试的液氢发动机；液氢加注管路(19)从入口端到出口端之间依次连接液氢流量计(20)、液氢压力传感器(21)、液氢温度传感器(22)和第二液氢截止阀(23)。The inlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (19) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11), and the outlet end is connected to the liquid hydrogen engine to be tested; the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (19) is connected from the inlet end to The outlet ends are connected in sequence to a liquid hydrogen flow meter (20), a liquid hydrogen pressure sensor (21), a liquid hydrogen temperature sensor (22) and a second liquid hydrogen stop valve (23).
  2. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述高压氢气源(2)采用由压缩机提供的高压氢气或高压氢气瓶组。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure hydrogen source (2) adopts high-pressure hydrogen provided by a compressor or a high-pressure hydrogen bottle group.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述液氢节流冷却器(10)为管壳式换热结构，内部管侧通道用于流通待冷却的高压氢气，外部壳侧通道用于流通高压液氢节流产生的气液两相混合物。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10) is a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure, and the internal tube side channel is used for circulation The high-pressure hydrogen to be cooled, the external shell side channel is used to circulate the gas-liquid two-phase mixture produced by high-pressure liquid hydrogen throttling.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述液氢节流冷却器(10)的换热管结构上设有增加换热面积的翅片。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange tube structure of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10) is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area. .
  5. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征 在于，所述氢气节流冷却器(5)为气-气换热器，内部设有增加换热效率的热管。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing as claimed in claim 1, characterized by The hydrogen throttle cooler (5) is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and a heat pipe is provided inside to increase the heat exchange efficiency.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述氢气节流管路(14)的出口端连接氢气回收设备或者直接放空。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet end of the hydrogen throttle pipe (14) is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述液氢节流管路(16)的出口端连接氢气回收设备或者直接放空。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen throttling pipeline (16) is connected to a hydrogen recovery device or is directly vented.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的用于液氢发动机测试的高压液氢输送系统，其特征在于，所述氢气回收设备为用于发电的氢燃料电池。The high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery system for liquid hydrogen engine testing according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen recovery equipment is a hydrogen fuel cell for power generation.
  9. 一种如权利要求1～8任一所述系统的液氢发动机测试高压液氢输送方法，其特征在于，包括：A high-pressure liquid hydrogen delivery method for liquid hydrogen engine testing of the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it includes:
    S1、向液氢储罐(9)内加注满足液氢发动机测试用量的液氢；S1. Fill the liquid hydrogen storage tank (9) with liquid hydrogen that meets the test amount of the liquid hydrogen engine;
    S2、打开氢气阀(3)，将来自高压氢气源(2)的常温高压氢气分别通过增压氢气管路(1)和氢气节流管路(14)导入氢气节流冷却器(5)的第一氢气通路(6)和第二氢气通路(7)中，第二氢气通路(7)中的高压氢气预先被氢气节流阀(15)进行节流并降温，从而通过换热使第一氢气通路(6)中的高压氢气初步降温；S2. Open the hydrogen valve (3), and introduce the normal-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen source (2) into the hydrogen throttle cooler (5) through the boosted hydrogen pipeline (1) and the hydrogen throttle pipeline (14). In the first hydrogen channel (6) and the second hydrogen channel (7), the high-pressure hydrogen in the second hydrogen channel (7) is throttled and cooled by the hydrogen throttle valve (15) in advance, so that the first hydrogen gas is cooled down through heat exchange. The high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen passage (6) initially cools down;
    S3、通过氢气温度传感器(8)对初步降温后的高压氢气温度进行实时测量，并根据高压氢气实时温度进行如下控制：S3. Use the hydrogen temperature sensor (8) to measure the high-pressure hydrogen temperature after initial cooling in real time, and perform the following controls based on the real-time temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen:
    若初步降温后的高压氢气温度未超过能够抑制液氢储罐(11)内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则保持第一液氢截止阀(17)关闭，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路(1)直接穿过液氢节流冷却器(10)的管侧通道后注入液氢储罐(11)的液氢储罐气相区(13)中，提升液氢储罐(11)内部的压力；If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11), the first liquid hydrogen stop valve (17) is kept closed, so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues Directly pass through the pipe side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10) through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline (1) and then inject it into the gas phase zone (13) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11) to enhance the liquid hydrogen storage. The pressure inside the tank (11);
    若初步降温后的高压氢气温度仍然高于能够抑制液氢储罐(11)内液氢超临界转变的目标温度，则打开第一液氢截止阀(17)和液氢节流阀(18)，使初步降温后的高压氢气继续通过增压氢气管路(1)进入液氢节流冷却器(10)的管侧通道中，而液氢储罐(11)内的高压液氢则通过液氢节流管路(16)进入液氢节流阀(18)中进行节流降温，降温后的高压液氢进入液氢节流冷却器(10)的壳侧通道进而对管侧通道内的高压氢气进行二次降温，使其不超过能够抑制液氢储罐(11)内液氢超临界转变的目标温度；二次降温后的高压氢气注入液氢储罐(11)的液氢储罐气相区(13)中，以提升液氢储罐(11)内部的压力； If the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling is still higher than the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11), open the first liquid hydrogen stop valve (17) and the liquid hydrogen throttle valve (18) , so that the high-pressure hydrogen after initial cooling continues to enter the tube side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttle cooler (10) through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline (1), while the high-pressure liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11) passes through the liquid hydrogen The hydrogen throttling pipe (16) enters the liquid hydrogen throttle valve (18) for throttling and cooling. The cooled high-pressure liquid hydrogen enters the shell side channel of the liquid hydrogen throttling cooler (10) and then injects water into the tube side channel. The high-pressure hydrogen is cooled twice so that it does not exceed the target temperature that can inhibit the supercritical transition of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11); the high-pressure hydrogen after the second cooling is injected into the liquid hydrogen storage tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11) in the gas phase zone (13) to increase the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (11);
    S4、通过氢气压力传感器(9)实时检测压力，当其压力达到目标压力值后打开第二液氢截止阀(23)，使液氢储罐液相区(12)底部的液氢在液氢储罐气相区(13)的增压氢气作用下进入液氢加注管路(19)，并依次流经液氢流量计(20)、液氢压力传感器(21)、液氢温度传感器(22)和第二液氢截止阀(23)后，最终输送至液氢发动机测试端。S4. Detect the pressure in real time through the hydrogen pressure sensor (9). When the pressure reaches the target pressure value, open the second liquid hydrogen stop valve (23), so that the liquid hydrogen at the bottom of the liquid phase zone (12) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is in the liquid hydrogen The pressurized hydrogen in the gas phase zone (13) of the storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (19), and flows through the liquid hydrogen flow meter (20), liquid hydrogen pressure sensor (21), and liquid hydrogen temperature sensor (22) in sequence. ) and the second liquid hydrogen stop valve (23), and finally delivered to the liquid hydrogen engine test end.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的液氢发动机测试高压液氢输送方法，其特征在于，在液氢发动机测试端需要持续输送恒压液氢时，需根据系统中的各传感器所检测的数据联动控制系统中的各阀门开度，保证注入液氢储罐气相区(13)中的高压氢气温度恒定，且液氢储罐气相区(13)的压力恒定。 The high-pressure liquid hydrogen transportation method for liquid hydrogen engine testing as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that when it is necessary to continuously transport constant pressure liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen engine test end, the control system needs to be linked based on the data detected by each sensor in the system. The opening of each valve in the valve ensures that the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen injected into the gas phase zone (13) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant, and the pressure in the gas phase zone (13) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is constant.
PCT/CN2023/101631 2022-08-25 2023-06-21 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and method thereof WO2024041147A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211029401.0 2022-08-25
CN202211029401.0A CN115419829B (en) 2022-08-25 2022-08-25 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024041147A1 true WO2024041147A1 (en) 2024-02-29

Family

ID=84200360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/101631 WO2024041147A1 (en) 2022-08-25 2023-06-21 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and method thereof

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115419829B (en)
WO (1) WO2024041147A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115419829B (en) * 2022-08-25 2023-05-23 北京航天试验技术研究所 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test
CN116291973B (en) * 2023-05-23 2023-07-28 北京航天试验技术研究所 Rocket liquid hydrogen tank self-pressurization simulation and verification device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007250589A (en) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-27 Tokyo Electron Ltd High pressure processing apparatus
US20120317995A1 (en) * 2011-06-18 2012-12-20 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Pump for conveying a cryogenic fluid
DE102012210067A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Cryo-pressure tank system for motor vehicle for storing hydrogen in cryogenic condition under supercritical pressure, has pump, by which operating fluid of extraction line supplied in liquid phase in cryo-pressure tank
CN110360441A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-22 浙江大学 Space liquid hydrogen storage tank is vented cryogenic energy utilization system
CN111070994A (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-28 耿铭泽 LNG (liquefied Natural gas) automobile air conditioner
CN115199951A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-10-18 北京航天试验技术研究所 Mixed pressurized liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test
CN115419829A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-12-02 北京航天试验技术研究所 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5890748B2 (en) * 2012-05-22 2016-03-22 川崎重工業株式会社 Liquid hydrogen production equipment
KR101881999B1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2018-07-25 하이리움에너지 주식회사 Hydrogen refueling system using the liquid hydrogen and hydrogen dispensing methods
CN108953988B (en) * 2018-07-26 2021-02-09 靳殷实 Liquid hydrogen vaporization and self-pressurization device
CN109027660B (en) * 2018-09-20 2020-10-27 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Supercritical hydrogen storage method and application thereof
CN109630876A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-04-16 东南大学 A kind of deep cooling high-pressure hydrogen storing hydrogen supply device
CN113531388B (en) * 2021-08-06 2023-03-14 液空厚普氢能源装备有限公司 System and method for recycling cold energy of liquid hydrogen refueling station

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007250589A (en) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-27 Tokyo Electron Ltd High pressure processing apparatus
US20120317995A1 (en) * 2011-06-18 2012-12-20 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Pump for conveying a cryogenic fluid
DE102012210067A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Cryo-pressure tank system for motor vehicle for storing hydrogen in cryogenic condition under supercritical pressure, has pump, by which operating fluid of extraction line supplied in liquid phase in cryo-pressure tank
CN111070994A (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-28 耿铭泽 LNG (liquefied Natural gas) automobile air conditioner
CN110360441A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-22 浙江大学 Space liquid hydrogen storage tank is vented cryogenic energy utilization system
CN115199951A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-10-18 北京航天试验技术研究所 Mixed pressurized liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test
CN115419829A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-12-02 北京航天试验技术研究所 High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115419829A (en) 2022-12-02
CN115419829B (en) 2023-05-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2024041147A1 (en) High-pressure liquid hydrogen conveying system for liquid hydrogen engine testing and method thereof
CN115199951B (en) Mixed pressurized liquid hydrogen conveying system and method for liquid hydrogen engine test
US11262124B2 (en) System for preparing deeply subcooled liquid oxygen based on mixing of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen and then vacuum-pumping
CN111578570A (en) System for acquiring large supercooling degree of liquid oxygen by utilizing liquid hydrogen cooling capacity
CN114673936A (en) Liquid oxygen propellant full-supercooling filling system and method based on three-stage segmented cooling
CN103968878A (en) Low-temperature pulsating heat tube experiment apparatus
KR101868273B1 (en) Control device for suppling of working fluid
CN111503921B (en) System for acquiring supercooling degree of liquid hydrogen of space launching field
CN105445046A (en) Refrigeration and supercharging system for pipeline structure environmental simulation
CN105318190A (en) Boil off gas (BOG) liquefaction recovery system and method
US20210282830A1 (en) Refrigeration equipment
CN114739055B (en) Liquid oxygen/liquid methane comprehensive supercooling system and method based on liquid oxygen refrigeration capacity
CN204008175U (en) A kind of refrigeration for pipeline structure environmental simulation and pressure charging system
CN107543368A (en) Residual BOG gas recycling system
CN206830290U (en) Stand engine coolant blow device
CN216791899U (en) Deep sea low temperature environment simulation device
CN115325732B (en) Skid-mounted device and method for synchronous supercooling of liquid oxygen and methane
US20200408463A1 (en) Liquid air storage device and method, and air liquefaction apparatus
CN113048392B (en) Pressure regulating device for long-distance liquid helium conveying storage tank
CN214535663U (en) Energy-saving hydrogen filling system
CN108072235A (en) Space division system
CN115326870B (en) Experimental system for boiling heat exchange by flowing in low-pressure pipe
CN104501481A (en) CO2 double-throttling injection refrigerating system
CN117266819B (en) Carbon dioxide fracturing injection system
CN213873320U (en) Shipborne LNG cold energy utilization system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23856239

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1