WO2021078199A1

WO2021078199A1 - Dual-band antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2021078199A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/122905
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谭杰洪; 张桂林
Original assignee: 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-04-29
Also published as: CN110808452A

Abstract

Disclosed are a dual-band antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The dual-band antenna comprises a substrate, a coaxial line, a grounding member, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a sleeve radiator. The substrate comprises a first surface. The coaxial line comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor insulated from the inner conductor. The grounding member is disposed on the first surface and is electrically connected to the outer conductor. The first radiator is disposed on the first surface and is electrically connected to the inner conductor. The first radiator is spaced apart from the grounding member. The second radiator is disposed on the first surface and is electrically connected to the grounding member. The first radiator is spaced apart from the second radiator to couple and feed the second radiator. The sleeve radiator is sleeved outside the coaxial line and one end of the sleeve radiator is electrically connected to the outer conductor. The dual-band antenna disclosed in the present invention can cover two antenna bands of 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz simultaneously, has good omnidirectional radiation performance in the two bands of 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz, and can effectively simplify the structure of the antenna and reduce the size of the antenna.

Description

Dual-band antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on October 22, 2019, the application number is 201911007050.1, and the application name is "dual frequency antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference .

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to a dual-frequency antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle adopting the dual-frequency antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of wireless communication and the demand for various business data, antenna design is mainly developing towards miniaturization, multi-frequency bands and wide frequency bands. Dual-band (for example, 900MHz and 2450MHz) antennas have good omnidirectionality and are widely used in many fields. The two antennas of the existing dual-band antenna are fed simultaneously on the front and back sides of the substrate with two feed coaxial lines respectively, which makes the feed structure of the antenna complicated. In the application, two ports are required to connect to the antenna, which increases The burden on the RF side.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a dual-frequency antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle adopting the dual-frequency antenna.

On the one hand, the present invention discloses a dual-frequency antenna, including:

The substrate includes a first surface;

The coaxial line includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor insulated from the inner conductor;

A grounding element, which is provided on the first surface and is electrically connected to the outer conductor;

A first radiator, arranged on the first surface and electrically connected to the inner conductor, the first radiator and the grounding member are spaced apart;

A second radiator, arranged on the first surface and electrically connected to the ground member, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart to couple and feed power to the second radiator; and

The sleeve radiator is sleeved outside the coaxial line and one end of the sleeve radiator is electrically connected with the outer conductor.

As an improvement, the first radiator includes a first microstrip line and a first vibrator arm, one end of the first microstrip line is connected to the first vibrator arm, and the other end is connected to the inner conductor .

As an improvement, the first radiator further includes a second microstrip line, one end of the second microstrip line is connected to the first vibrator arm, and the other end is connected to the first microstrip line, The second microstrip line extends from the first microstrip line toward the first vibrator arm in a form of gradually widening the width.

As an improvement, two second radiators are provided, and the two second radiators are respectively provided on both sides of the first microstrip line.

As an improvement, each of the second radiators includes a third microstrip line and a second vibrator arm, one end of the third microstrip line is connected to the ground member, and the other end is connected to the second vibrator. Arm connection.

As an improvement, the second vibrator arm is arranged on a side of the third microstrip line away from the first microstrip line.

As an improvement, the third microstrip line includes a first extension extending from the grounding member toward the first vibrator arm, and an end away from the grounding member from the first extension. The second extension part extending in the direction of the first microstrip line, the second vibrator arm extends from an end of the second extension part away from the first microstrip direction toward the grounding member.

On the other hand, the present invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle, including a fuselage, an arm, a tripod, a propeller mechanism, and the above-mentioned dual-frequency antenna. The fuselage is arranged at one end of the arm and is connected to the arm Connected, the tripod and the propeller mechanism are arranged at the other end of the arm and connected with the arm, the sleeve radiator is installed in the arm, and the base plate is installed on the leg In the shelf.

As an improvement, the unmanned aerial vehicle further includes a fixing member arranged inside the arm to press and fix the sleeve radiator.

As an improvement, the arm includes an upper shell and a lower shell connected to the upper shell, and the fixing member is snap-connected to the upper shell and is enclosed by the lower shell. A first accommodating cavity for accommodating the sleeve radiator.

As an improvement, the upper casing includes a top wall and two side walls respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the top wall, and each side wall is provided with a plurality of spaces along the extending direction of the arm A plurality of first grooves corresponding to the convex strips are respectively provided on both sides of the fixing member, and the fixing member cooperates with the first grooves through the protrusions and the first grooves. The upper shell is snap-fitted.

As an improvement, the unmanned aerial vehicle further includes a wire for supplying power to the propeller mechanism and transmitting a signal, and the fixing member and the upper casing are enclosed to form a second housing for accommodating the wire. Cavity.

As an improvement, the tripod includes a third receiving cavity for accommodating the substrate, and the inner side wall of the third receiving cavity is provided with two opposing second clamping slots, and both sides of the substrate They are respectively carded in the two second card slots.

The dual-frequency antenna disclosed in the present invention includes a substrate, a coaxial line, a grounding member, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a sleeve radiator. The grounding member, the first radiator and the second radiator are provided on the first surface of the substrate. Two radiators. The first radiator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line and is spaced apart from the grounding member. The second radiator is connected to the grounding member. The sleeve radiator is sleeved outside the coaxial line and one end of the sleeve radiator is electrically connected with the outer conductor. The dual-frequency antenna of this design can simultaneously cover the two dual frequency bands of 900MHz and 2.45GHz, and the first radiator is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the second radiator is connected to the coaxial line through the grounding element. The outer conductor is electrically connected, and the first radiator and the second radiator are coupled and fed. In this way, there is no need to provide two coaxial lines to feed the first radiator and the second radiator separately, which effectively simplifies the antenna Structure, and because there is no need to provide two coaxial lines to feed the first radiator and the second radiator separately, the welding points of the first radiator and the second radiator are reduced, the welding process is reduced, and the number of welding points is reduced. The stability of the product is improved; in addition, since the two dual frequency bands of 900MHz and 2.45GHz share the first radiator, the size of the dual frequency antenna is effectively reduced.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-band antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the S parameter test result of the dual-frequency antenna shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction test result of the 900MHz frequency band of the dual-band antenna shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction test result of the dual-frequency antenna shown in Fig. 1 in the 2.45 GHz frequency band;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the arm, the tripod and the propeller mechanism shown in Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper casing and the propeller mechanism;

Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the machine arm.

Detailed ways

In the following, the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific implementations. It should be noted that, provided that there is no conflict, the following embodiments or technical features can be combined to form new embodiments. .

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. The structure and operation cannot therefore be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a dual-band antenna 100, which includes a substrate 10, a coaxial line 20, a ground member 30, a first radiator 40, a second radiator 50, and a sleeve radiator 60 . The substrate 10 includes a first surface 11; the coaxial line 20 includes an inner conductor 21 and an outer conductor 22 insulated from the inner conductor 21; a grounding member 30 is provided on the first surface 11 and is electrically connected to the outer conductor 22; a first radiator 40 The first radiator 40 is arranged on the first surface 11 and is electrically connected to the inner conductor 21, and the first radiator 40 is spaced apart from the grounding member 30; the second radiator 50 is arranged on the first surface 11 and is electrically connected to the grounding member 30, the first radiator 40 Spaced from the second radiator 50 to couple and feed the second radiator 50; the sleeve radiator 60 is sleeved outside the coaxial line 20 and one end of the sleeve radiator 60 is electrically connected to the outer conductor 22. Preferably, the inner conductor 21 and the first radiator 40 are fixed by welding, and the outer conductor 22 and the ground member 30 are fixed by welding.

In this embodiment, the first radiator 40 and the sleeve radiator 60 constitute a 900MHz radiating unit, and the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 constitute a 2.45GHz radiating unit, that is, the dual-frequency antenna 100 can be implemented Covers two dual frequency bands of 900MHz and 2.45GHz at the same time; and the first radiator 40 is electrically connected to the inner conductor 21 of the coaxial line 20, and the second radiator 50 is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line 20 through the grounding member 30. Connection, the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 are coupled and fed, so that there is no need to provide two coaxial lines 20 to feed the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 separately, which effectively simplifies The structure of the antenna, and because there is no need to provide two coaxial lines 20 to feed the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 respectively, the welding points of the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 are reduced, and the welding is reduced. During the process, the stability of the product is improved due to the reduction of solder joints; in addition, since the two dual frequency bands of 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz share the first radiator 40, the size of the dual frequency antenna 100 is effectively reduced.

Preferably, the sleeve radiator 60 is a copper tube. The sleeve radiator 60 may be a cylinder with a circular cross-sectional profile or a cylinder with a triangular cross-sectional profile or a cylinder with an elliptical cross-sectional profile or a cylinder with a polygonal cross-sectional profile or an irregular cross-sectional profile. The shaped cylinder is preferably a cylinder with a circular cross-sectional profile.

In other embodiments, the first radiator 40 includes a first microstrip line 41 and a first dipole arm 42. One end of the first microstrip line 41 is connected to the first dipole arm 42 and the other end is connected to the inner conductor 21. The width of the first vibrator arm 42 is greater than the width of the microstrip line 41. Preferably, the projection profile of the first vibrator arm 42 in the direction perpendicular to the first surface 11 is rectangular.

In other embodiments, the first radiator 40 further includes a second microstrip line 43. One end of the second microstrip line 43 is connected to the first vibrator arm 42, and the other end is connected to the first microstrip line 41. The microstrip line 43 extends from the first microstrip line 41 toward the first vibrator arm 42 in a form of gradually widening the width. The projection profile of the second microstrip line 43 in the direction perpendicular to the first surface 11 is approximately triangular. By setting the projection profile of the second microstrip line 43 in the direction perpendicular to the first surface 11 to be approximately triangular, the bandwidth of the dual-band antenna 100 in the 2.45 GHz frequency band can be obtained.

In other embodiments, two second radiators 50 are provided, and the two second radiators 50 are respectively provided on both sides of the first microstrip line 41. By providing two second radiators 50, the radiation performance of the dual-band antenna 100 can be enhanced.

In other embodiments, each second radiator 50 includes a third microstrip line 51 and a second vibrator arm 52. One end of the third microstrip line 51 is connected to the ground member 30, and the other end is connected to the second vibrator arm 52. connection. Preferably, the third microstrip line 51 includes a first extension 511 connected to the grounding member 30 at one end, and a second extension 512 connected to the end of the first extension 511 away from the grounding member 30. The first extension 511 is connected to the first extension 511. The microstrip line 41 is parallel, and the second extension 512 is perpendicular to the first microstrip line 41. Preferably, the second vibrator arm 52 is parallel to the first microstrip line 41.

In other embodiments, the second vibrator arm 52 is provided on the side of the third microstrip line 51 away from the first microstrip line 41. That is, the second extension portion 512 extends from an end of the first extension portion 511 away from the grounding member 30 toward a side away from the first microstrip line 41. It is understandable that the second vibrator arm 52 may also be provided on the side of the third microstrip line 51 close to the first microstrip line 41, which may be specifically determined according to actual design requirements.

Define the wavelength of the dual-frequency antenna 100 in the 2.45 GHz frequency band as λ ₁ , define the wavelength of the dual-frequency antenna 100 in the 900 MHz frequency band as λ ₂ , and define the length of the first radiator 40 (referring to the first radiator 40 in the length direction of the substrate 10 The distance between the two ends) is L ₁ , which defines the length of the first vibrator arm 42 (refers to the distance between the two ends of the first vibrator arm 42 in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 10) as L ₂ , and defines the length of the second vibrator arm 52 (refers to the second vibrator The distance between the two ends of the arm 52 in the length direction of the substrate 10) is L ₃ , and the distance between the connection point of the sleeve radiator 60 and the outer conductor 22 and the connection point of the outer conductor 22 and the grounding member 30 is _{defined as L 4} , which defines the sleeve radiator The axial length of 60 is L ₅ . Preferably, L ₁ =(1/8～3/4)λ ₂ ; preferably, L ₂ =(1/8～3/4)λ ₁ ; preferably, L ₃ =(1/8～3/4 )λ ₁ ; preferably, L ₄ +L ₅ =(1/8 to 3/4)λ ₂ .

Please refer to Figure 4-5. Figure 4 shows the radiation direction test result of the dual-band antenna 100 in the 900MHz frequency band, and Figure 5 shows the radiation direction test result of the dual-frequency antenna in the 2.45GHz frequency band. It can be seen from Figures 4 and 5 The dual-frequency antenna 100 provided in this embodiment has excellent omnidirectional radiation performance in the 900 MHz frequency band and the 2.45 GHz frequency band, and has a larger standing wave bandwidth.

Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 6-11. An embodiment of the present invention also provides an unmanned aerial vehicle 800. The unmanned aerial vehicle 800 includes a fuselage 200, an arm 300, a tripod 400, a propeller mechanism 500, and the aforementioned double The frequency antenna 100, the body 200 is arranged at one end of the arm 300 and connected to the arm 300, the tripod 400 and the propeller mechanism 500 are arranged at the other end of the arm 300 and connected to the arm 300, and the sleeve radiator 60 is installed at In the arm 300, the base plate 10 is installed in the tripod 400.

In this embodiment, since the UAV 800 uses the aforementioned dual-band antenna 100, the UAV 800 can simultaneously cover the two antenna frequency bands of 900MHz and 2.45GHz; The first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50 are fed, which effectively simplifies the structure of the antenna, and reduces the welding points of the first radiator 40 and the second radiator 50, reducing the welding process, and at the same time, the number of welding points is reduced. The advantage of improving the stability of the product. In addition, by installing the sleeve radiator 60 in the arm 300 and the base plate 10 in the tripod 400, the UAV 800 realizes the built-in antenna of the UAV 800, and makes full use of the space of the UAV 800, making the entire Unmanned aerial vehicle 800 has the advantages of small size, exquisite structure and low cost.

In other embodiments, the UAV 800 further includes a fixing member 600 arranged inside the arm 300 to press and fix the sleeve radiator 60. It is understandable that the UAV 800 is not limited to fixing the sleeve radiator 60 by providing the fixing member 600, for example, the sleeve radiator 60 can be fixed by providing the arm 300 with a space just to accommodate the sleeve radiator 60. The fixing of the radiator 60 is also possible. Preferably, the fixing member 600 is made of plastic material.

In other embodiments, the arm 300 includes an upper housing 301 and a lower housing 302 connected to the upper housing 301, and the fixing member 600 is snap-connected to the upper housing 301 and enclosed with the lower housing 302 to form The first receiving cavity 303 for receiving the sleeve radiator 60.

In other embodiments, the upper housing 301 includes a top wall 3011 and two side walls 3012 respectively disposed on opposite sides of the top wall 3011, and each side wall 3012 is provided with a plurality of spaced apart along the extending direction of the arm 300 There are a number of first grooves 601 corresponding to the convex strips 3013 on both sides of the fixing member 600, and the fixing member 601 cooperates with the lower housing 302 through the cooperation of the convex strips 3013 and the first grooves 601. Snap fit.

In other embodiments, the UAV 800 further includes a wire 700 for supplying power to the propeller mechanism and transmitting signals, and the fixing member 600 and the upper housing 301 enclose a second receiving cavity 304 for accommodating the wire 700. The second housing cavity 304 for accommodating the wire 700 is formed by setting the fixing member 600 and the upper housing 301 to enclose it. As can be seen from the above description of the embodiment, the sleeve radiator 60 is arranged on the fixing member 600 to enclose the lower housing 302 In the first receiving cavity 303 formed, in this way, the sleeve radiator 60 is isolated from the wire 700, which prevents the electrical signal transmitted in the wire 700 from affecting the radiation performance of the sleeve radiator 60 when the UAV 800 is operating. Influence, to ensure the performance of the antenna.

The distance between the wire 700 and the sleeve radiator 60 is defined as L ₆ , preferably, L ₆ =5 mm～λ ₂ /8.

In other embodiments, the tripod 400 includes a third accommodating cavity 401 for accommodating the substrate 10, and the inner side wall of the third accommodating cavity 401 is provided with two oppositely disposed second grooves 402, and the two sides of the substrate 10 are respectively The card is arranged in the two second card slots 402. This arrangement allows the sky base 10 to be firmly fixed in the tripod 400.

In other embodiments, there are four arms 300 and legs 400. Specifically, the two sides of the front end of the fuselage 200 are provided with two arms 300 and two tripods 400 respectively connected to the two arms 300, and the two sides of the rear end of the fuselage 200 are also provided with two arms 300 and two A tripod 400 connected to the two arms 300 respectively. Preferably, there are two dual-frequency antennas 100, and the two dual-frequency antennas 100 are respectively arranged in the arm 300 and the tripod 400 on both sides of the front end of the fuselage 200. By providing two dual-frequency antennas 100, UAV 800 can radiate better antenna signals.

The foregoing embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the present invention. The scope of protection required.

Claims

A dual-frequency antenna, characterized in that it comprises:

The substrate includes a first surface;

The coaxial line includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor insulated from the inner conductor;

A grounding element, which is provided on the first surface and is electrically connected to the outer conductor;

A first radiator, arranged on the first surface and electrically connected to the inner conductor, the first radiator and the grounding member are spaced apart;

A second radiator, arranged on the first surface and electrically connected to the ground member, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart to couple and feed power to the second radiator; and

The sleeve radiator is sleeved outside the coaxial line and one end of the sleeve radiator is electrically connected with the outer conductor.
The dual-band antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first radiator comprises a first microstrip line and a first dipole arm, and one end of the first microstrip line is connected to the first dipole arm , The other end is connected with the inner conductor.
The dual-band antenna according to claim 2, wherein the first radiator further comprises a second microstrip line, one end of the second microstrip line is connected to the first dipole arm, and the other end is connected to the The first microstrip line is connected, and the second microstrip line extends from the first microstrip line toward the first vibrator arm in a form of gradually increasing width.
The dual-band antenna according to claim 2, wherein there are two second radiators, and the two second radiators are respectively provided on both sides of the first microstrip line.
The dual-band antenna according to claim 4, wherein each of the second radiators includes a third microstrip line and a second dipole arm, and one end of the third microstrip line is connected to the ground member The other end is connected with the second vibrator arm.
The dual-frequency antenna according to claim 5, wherein the second dipole arm is provided on a side of the third microstrip line away from the first microstrip line.
The dual-band antenna according to claim 6, wherein the third microstrip line includes a first extension part extending from the grounding member toward the first dipole arm, and a first extension part extending from the first extension part. An end away from the grounding member toward a second extension part that extends away from the first microstrip line, and the second vibrator arm faces the end of the second extension part away from the first microstrip line. The grounding piece extends.
An unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized by comprising a fuselage, an arm, a tripod, a propeller mechanism, and the dual-frequency antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, and the fuselage is provided on the arm of the One end is connected to the arm, the tripod and the propeller mechanism are arranged at the other end of the arm and connected to the arm, the sleeve radiator is installed in the arm, so The base plate is installed in the tripod.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a fixing member arranged inside the arm to press and fix the sleeve radiator.
The unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the arm includes an upper shell and a lower shell connected to the upper shell, and the fixing member is buckled and connected to the upper shell. Surrounding the lower casing to form a first receiving cavity for receiving the sleeve radiator.
The unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the upper housing includes a top wall and two side walls respectively provided on two opposite sides of the top wall, and each side wall is provided with a plurality of Protruding strips arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the arm, a plurality of first grooves corresponding to the protruding strips are respectively provided on both sides of the fixing part, and the fixing part is connected with the protruding strips through the protruding strips. The fit of the first slot is snap fit with the upper housing.
The unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a wire for supplying power and transmitting signals to the propeller mechanism, and the fixing member and the upper casing are enclosed to form In the second accommodating cavity for accommodating the wire.
The unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the tripod includes a third receiving cavity for accommodating the substrate, and the inner side wall of the third receiving cavity is provided with two oppositely disposed second A card slot, both sides of the substrate are respectively carded in the two second card slots.