WO2019219041A1

WO2019219041A1 - Kitchen waste processing method and processing apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2019219041A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/087121
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周本留; 白树生; 许德运; 宋晓帆
Original assignee: 山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-05-15
Filing date: 2019-05-15
Publication date: 2019-11-21
Also published as: CN109485466B; CN109485466A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a kitchen waste processing method and a processing apparatus, comprising an automatic lifting material intake apparatus, a salt and grease removal apparatus, an oil-water separation apparatus, an automatic sorting apparatus, a drying apparatus, a waste heat recovery apparatus, and a control system, characterized in that a water outlet of the salt and grease removal apparatus is connected to the oil-water separation apparatus, a material outlet is connected to a material inlet of the automatic sorting apparatus, a material outlet of the automatic sorting apparatus is connected to a material inlet of a drying tank of the drying apparatus by means of an electric ball valve, an air outlet of the drying tank is connected to a vacuum pump by means of the waste heat recovery apparatus, and negative vacuum pressure is formed inside the drying tank by means of the operation of a vacuum pump. Employing the described structure, the present invention features a novel structure, a high degree of automation, a marked solid-liquid separation effect, short drying times, low power consumption, and high operational stability, and also conserves energy, is environmentally friendly, and does not emit odors, among other advantages.

Description

Kitchen waste disposal method and treatment device

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a kitchen waste disposal method and a processing device.

Background technique

Patent No. 201310440932.3, the patent name is the invention patent of the kitchen waste pretreatment equipment, and has been authorized. The patent is provided with a hopper and a positive and negative motor at the upper end of the casing, and an automatic sorting device is arranged in the casing. a sterilization and deodorizing drying device, an oil-water separation device, an ionization deodorizing device and a vapor condensation device, wherein the feeding hopper is connected to the kitchen waste feeding port of the automatic automatic sorting device through the discharging port, and automatically and automatically The sorting device is connected to the feed port in the biological sterilization, odor and odor drying device through the kitchen waste export, and the automatic automatic sorting device is connected to the oil-water separation device through the liquid outlet, and the biological sterilization odor and odor drying device is The exhaust port is connected with the vapor condensation device, and the gas condensation device is connected with the ionization deodorization device, and the automatic sorting, the fermentation process is fast, the fermentation is uniform, the heating speed is fast, the oxygenation can be automatically performed during the fermentation, and the gas is deodorized. Standardized, environmentally friendly and non-polluting. However, there are still the following substantial disadvantages: 1. During fermentation drying, the drying temperature is usually more than 140 degrees due to drying under reduced pressure. Not only does it generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, but also needs to be treated by an ionization and deodorization device. The drying time is long and consumes. High energy, due to the poor condensation effect, the steam is emitted outwards, and because the temperature is too high, all the nutrients such as beneficial bacteria and protein contained in the kitchen waste are destroyed, which is the protein contained in the kitchen waste. The nutrients will be partially destroyed; 2. When the kitchen waste is poured into the hopper, too much oil will flow into the drying tank through the sorting cylinder, which will prolong the drying time and increase the drying burden; 3. When the kitchen waste is sorted into the sorting cylinder through the feeding hopper, since the sorting cylinder is provided with a small-diameter filter net from the inlet end, it is not only easy when the elongated solid material enters the sorting cylinder. Insertion into the small-diameter filter net causes the load of the separation shaft to increase, the separation effect is not good, and the content of the small-diameter filter network segment of the sorting cylinder is high, which causes the sewage pipeline to be blocked; 4. When the equipment needs In order to maintain, since the drying tank and the sorting cylinder are all integral, it is necessary to separate the shaft and the drying tank, or the shaft and the sorting cylinder by special equipment, which is troublesome and time consuming.

In addition, the separation methods of the existing oil-water separation devices can be roughly divided into gravity separation, centrifugal separation, electric separation, adsorption separation, air separation, etc. These oil-water separation methods have their own substantial defects, and the oil-water separation time is long. Low oil extraction efficiency and low oil extraction purity. For example, the gravity separation method adopts the form of sedimentation tank, which will lead to the dead zone of liquid flow, some liquids will not be replaced by flow, and the organic matter in water will gradually become corrupt and odor; the air flotation separation method will A large amount of odor is generated; the centrifugal separation method power unit is difficult to maintain, and is currently only used in laboratory analysis equipment.

In addition, the oil and water separated by the above separation method are incompletely separated, resulting in poor oil quality, and difficulty in storage and reuse.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a more perfect method for treating kitchen waste.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste disposal device with novel structure, short processing time, low power consumption, environmental protection and odorless gas discharge, high equipment operation stability, and good separation effect.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is:

A kitchen waste disposal method is characterized in that, when the material is automatically processed, the PLC controller instructs the hopper electric valve to open, opens the sealing cover, and simultaneously activates the ram drive motor to drive the ram to seal the discharge opening. And then stop, and at the same time start the reverse rotation of the positive and negative motor, so that the shaftless screw crushes and squeezes the kitchen waste falling into the feeding hopper, and at the same time, starts the water pump in the salt reduction and fat reduction device, through the flushing tube pair The hopper wall is sprayed with water to remove the oil salt adhered to the hopper wall in time, and the material entering the hopper is subjected to salt reduction and lipid reduction treatment. The oil discharged after the material is squeezed and sprayed is collected through the liquid collection tank. After being discharged into the oil-water separation device through the drain pipe, when the kitchen waste is screwed, the PLC controller instructs the positive and negative motor to rotate forward, the split motor rotates forward and the lower feed motor forwards, and the gate drive motor drives The gate is moved to open the discharge port, and the positive and negative motor drives the shaftless spiral rotation to push the screwed material into the sorting cylinder through the discharge port. When entering the sorting cylinder, under the rotation of the separation shaft, Knife, fork, chopsticks The elongate material is led out through the separation blade, and other hard materials such as paste material and bone are centrifuged under the separation axis and the separation blade, and the hard substance is instantaneously collided with the filter mesh under the action of centrifugation to pulverize, and the pulverized powder and paste are pulverized. The material enters the guiding cavity through the filter net, and is blocked by the diversion of the right-handed guide vane and the cooperation of the left-handed baffle, and then the material is quickly passed to the drying tank through the feeding port by the rotation of the conveying shaft through the connecting guide plate. The feeding port advances, the PLC controller opens the electric ball valve, the material enters the drying tank, and then the electric ball valve is closed. The PLC controller instructs the stirring motor to move, and drives the stirring shaft in the drying tank to stir and dry the material during the drying process. First, the electric heating element of the drying tank interlayer is electrically heated by the PLC controller. When the temperature in the drying tank rises to 80 degrees Celsius, the electric heating is stopped, and the PLC controller starts the vacuum pump to start vacuuming the drying tank when drying. When the vacuum in the tank reaches -0.06MPa, the compressor heating cable stops, the compressor starts to enter the drying stage, and at the same time, the PLC controller commands the rest. The heat recovery device 5 works, and the waste heat recovery device 5 heat-exchanges the steam generated during the drying process of the material in the drying device 4, and then condenses the steam to form a heat of the liquid waste heat recovery device. The heat of the steam is recovered by the waste heat recovery device to generate 50-120 Hot water of °C, wherein 50-120 °C hot water is transferred to the hollow structure of the interlayer and the stirring shaft in the drying tank, and the material in the drying tank is reheated through the drying tank and the stirring shaft and the stirring blade, and the other part To transfer the heat energy to the flushing water tank 32, the hot water of 50-70 ° C is washed by the desalting and degreasing device 1; during the heating process, the spiral blade on the stirring shaft is discarded by the paste-shaped kitchen The material is thoroughly stirred to avoid uneven mixing of the kitchen waste in the drying tank, which affects the drying quality. The pressure in the drying tank is maintained at -0.081 to -0.099 MPa during the drying process, so that the boiling point in the drying tank is 50-65 °C. It can be boiled without heating to 100 ° C, which not only accelerates the drying speed of the material in the tank, shortens the drying time, but also saves energy consumption.

At the same time, the temperature is lowered by the waste heat recovery device, and the odorous condensed water which becomes liquid after cooling is passed through a vacuum pump, and discharged into the vacuum pump circulating water tank, and flows to the oil-water separation device with the overflow port of the vacuum pump circulating water tank. And finally discharged into the sewage treatment system;

When the water tank temperature sensor detects that the water temperature in the water tank is greater than or equal to 40°, the water tank hydrating solenoid valve acts, and the water tank is supplemented with cool water to cool to 33 degrees Celsius or less, and then the water is stopped;

In the drying stage of the drying tank, when the pressure of the drying tank detects that the pressure in the drying tank is lower than -0.06 MPa for 5 minutes, the vacuum pressure abnormality alarm is triggered, and the alarm signal can be displayed on the touch screen; or, in a PC computer or a mobile phone Displayed on.

When the temperature of the interlayer temperature sensor of the drying tank interlayer reaches the set temperature of 90-110 ° C, the PLC controller instructs the stirring motor to stop, the waste heat recovery device stops working, and when the interlayer temperature sensor senses that the temperature drops to the set temperature, the PLC The controller commands the alarm to sound, prompting the discharge.

When the oil-water separation device performs oil-water separation, the oil and water are separated from each other, and the oil and water are separated by high efficiency in the temperature range in which the oil reaches the freezing point and the water does not reach the freezing point.

The method steps are as follows:

1), making a condensation plate;

2) cooling and condensing the condensing plate so that the temperature of the condensing plate is higher than the freezing point of the water and equal to or lower than the freezing point of the oil;

3) placing the bottom surface of the condensed condensing plate and contacting the upper surface of the liquid in the static oil-filled casing, and condensing the oil suspended on the surface of the liquid into grease and adhering to the condensing plate;

4) scraping off the grease adhered to the condensing plate with a scraper;

Since the buoyancy of the oil is greater than that of water and debris, it is suspended on the surface of the liquid. Therefore, the above steps 1-4 are repeated repeatedly to completely separate the oil and water slag, and the purity of the oil and the efficiency of oil extraction are remarkably improved.

The invention further includes the step 5: heating the scraped degreaser tank to heat the grease to form a liquid oil and quickly flowing into the oil tank.

The condensing plate of the step 1 of the present invention is composed of a flat plate and a cold plate evaporator, the cold plate evaporator is fixed on the flat plate, the cold plate evaporator is connected to the heat pump system, and the heat pump system is connected with the temperature control switch. The plate is made of a temperature guiding material.

The step 5 deoiling tank of the present invention is composed of a tank body and an oil-cooled condenser below the tank body, and the oil-cooled condenser is connected to the heat pump system.

The temperature control switch of the invention can adopt a PLC controller to achieve the function of automatic control.

A kitchen waste treatment device comprises a solid-liquid separation device, an oil-water separation device, an automatic sorting device, a drying device and a control system, the drying device comprises a drying tank, a stirring shaft and a stirring motor, and the stirring shaft is provided with stirring The blade and the two ends of the stirring shaft are fixedly connected to the drying tank through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the stirring shaft is connected with the stirring motor, and the heating layer is disposed in the interlayer between the inner layer and the outer layer of the drying tank, and the outer layer There is a temperature sensor, a discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the drying tank, and a discharge sealing door is arranged on the discharge port, which is characterized in that it further comprises an electric ball valve, a vacuum pump and a waste heat recovery device, and the discharge port of the automatic sorting device passes through The electric ball valve is connected with the feeding port of the drying tank of the drying device, and the steam outlet of the drying tank is connected to the vacuum pump through a waste heat recovery device, and the electric ball valve, the waste heat recovery device and the drying device are respectively connected with the control system, and the vacuum pump is connected The work creates a vacuum negative pressure in the drying tank, so that the pressure during the drying process is maintained at -0.081 to -0.099 MPa, which can not only ferment dry in the drying tank. The harmful bacteria in the kitchen waste are killed, retaining the protein, cellulose and other nutrients beneficial to the livestock, so that the fermented and dried kitchen waste particles meet the requirements of the Animal Husbandry Law to form livestock feed; The boiling point of the water in the material is lowered. When the temperature in the drying tank is about 50-65 ° C, the water in the material can boil, and the material does not need to be heated to 100 ° C, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the drying time; Through the waste heat recovery device, the odor-laden steam generated in the drying process is condensed, and the odor molecules are dissolved in the condensed water and discharged into the sewage treatment system, thereby avoiding the generation of odor.

The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention comprises a feeding hopper, a forward and reverse electric motor and a shaftless screw, wherein the feeding hopper is provided with a shaftless spiral, the bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a liquid receiving groove, and the upper end is provided with a sealing cover. A filter screen is arranged between the feeding hopper and the liquid receiving tank, and a sealing device is arranged on the discharge opening of the feeding hopper, the bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank is inclined to facilitate the flow of the fluid, and the liquid receiving tank is infused The pipeline is connected to the oil-water separation device, the one end of the shaftless screw is fixedly connected with the positive and negative motor, and the other end is corresponding to the discharge port provided on the side wall of the hopper, and the forward and reverse motor is connected with the control system. The sealing device seals the discharge port, and the control system starts the reverse rotation of the positive and negative motors to crush and squeeze the kitchen waste entering the feeding hopper, and the oil and water in the kitchen waste is squeezed out, and the oil and water pass through the filter screen. The plate flows down to the liquid collection tank, and the oil water in the liquid collection tank flows into the oil-water separation device through the infusion pipe for processing. When most of the moisture and grease are screwed out, the control system instructs the positive and negative motor to rotate forward and simultaneously drive the sealing. The device is moved up so that The material opening is opened, and the shaftless spiral will push the kitchen waste after being pushed out, and enter the sorting cylinder through the discharge port, so that the water content of the kitchen waste entering the fermentation drying tank is greatly reduced, and the diameter is greatly reduced. The drying time reduces the drying burden and saves energy.

The invention can be provided with a desalination and degreasing device on the solid-liquid separation device, the desalination and degreasing device comprises an irrigation pipe, a flushing electromagnetic valve, a flushing pump and a flushing water tank, and the flushing pipe is fixed on the inner side wall of the feeding hopper The flushing pipe is connected to the flushing pump via a flushing solenoid valve, and the flushing pump is connected to the flushing water tank, and the flushing solenoid valve and the flushing pump are respectively controlled by a control system to facilitate spray washing of the circumference of the feeding hopper To avoid the adhesion of oil and salt to the wall of the hopper, and at the same time, the washing of the kitchen waste greatly reduces the salt and oil of the kitchen waste, making it more suitable for becoming a feed additive or an ecological fertilizer raw material.

The sealing device of the present invention may comprise a shutter and a power driving device, and the power driving device may be a cylinder, or may be composed of a screw, a silk socket and a shutter driving motor, the gate passing through the gate The plate perforation is matched with the end surface of the discharge port, the gate drive motor is connected with the lead screw, the wire base is connected with the gate plate, the gate drive motor rotates to drive the screw to rotate, and the screw rotation rotates the wire base to move up and down. Thereby driving the lower plate movement, the ram passes through the ram perforation and the end surface of the discharge port is matched and sealed. When the kitchen waste with high water content is to enter the feeding hopper, the ram drive motor drives the ram to seal out At the material port, when most of the water is squeezed out, the control system instructs the positive and negative motor to rotate forward and simultaneously drives the shutter to move down, so that the discharge port is opened.

The gap between the shaftless screw end and the ram of the invention is 2-10mm, so as to facilitate the recovery and extrusion of the material close to the ram, and then reversely transport, to ensure the material is fully squeezed and completely transported.

The invention can be provided with a cutting edge at the lower end of the shutter to cut the material falling under the shutter to ensure that the shutter can completely seal the discharge opening.

The automatic sorting device of the present invention comprises a sorting cylinder, a cover plate, a crushing knife, a separating shaft, a separating blade, a filter net, a separating motor and a material guiding device, and the upper end of the sorting cylinder is connected with the cover plate, and the sorting The filter net at the bottom of the cylinder is formed by sequentially connecting a non-porous discharge section at the inlet end and a perforated discharge section connected to the non-porous discharge section, and a drainage chamber is arranged at a lower portion of the filter, the material guide A flushing water collecting tank is arranged on one side of the lower end surface of the flow chamber, and a material discharging port is arranged on the other side, and a material guiding device is arranged in the guiding liquid chamber, and the flushing water receiving tank passes through the filtrate network and the guiding cavity. Isolating to facilitate the filtration and separation of the moisture of the material, the bottom of the flushing water receiving tank is inclined and communicates with the oil-water separating device, and the discharging port is connected with the feeding port of the drying tank, the material guiding device The utility model comprises a conveying shaft and a conveying reducer, wherein the conveying shaft is fixed on the guiding cavity via a bearing, the conveying shaft is driven by a conveying reducer, and the conveying reducer is controlled by a control system, and the conveying shaft is from left to right. Right-hand guide vane, connecting guide plate and left-hand baffle The right-handed guide vane is spirally wound along the axial direction of the conveying shaft, and the connecting guide plate is axially fixed on the conveying shaft, and one end of the connecting guide plate is fixedly connected with the right-handed guide vane, and the other end is fixed with the left-handed baffle plate. Connecting, the right-handed guide vane corresponds to the flushing water receiving tank, and the connecting deflector corresponds to the discharging opening, and when the elongated solid enters the sorting cylinder, passes through the non-porous discharging section The guiding of the separating blades, so that the elongated solids are guided to the separating blades through the guiding blades, and under the rotation of the separating shaft, such as a plastic bag, a knife, a fork, a chopstick or a lunch box The material is exported to the domestic waste outlet through the separation blade, and the sorted sauce-like kitchen waste enters the diversion chamber through the filter net, and is blocked by the diversion of the right-hand guide vane and the cooperation of the left-handed baffle, and then connected. The material guide plate pushes the material into the feeding port of the drying tank through the feeding port under the rotation of the conveying shaft, and opens the electric ball valve through the control system to make the material enter the drying tank, further avoiding the material accumulation in the sorting. Cannot be discharged inside the tube

The conveying shaft of the present invention can adopt a hollow water injection chamber, and a side of the conveying shaft is provided with a flushing hole, and one end of the conveying shaft is connected to a flushing pump in the flushing water tank via a rotary joint, and the flushing pump is controlled by the control system. Controlling, the water injection chamber is connected with the flushing hole. When the sorting is completed, the flushing water is injected into the water injection chamber of the conveying shaft, and the filtering net, the filtrate net and the guiding cavity are automatically flushed through the flushing hole, and the flushed sewage is washed. The filtrate network flows down to the flushing liquid collection tank, and then flows into the oil-water separation device through the pipeline, which greatly facilitates the cleaning.

The filtrate mesh of the present invention has a mesh size of 2-10 mm to further filter the fluid.

The agitating shaft, the stirring rod and the spiral blade in the drying tank of the present invention adopt a structure in which a hollow phase communicates with each other, and one end of the stirring shaft is provided with a rotary joint, and an inlet pipe is arranged in the inner cavity of the stirring shaft, and the inlet pipe is provided The inner wall of the agitating shaft is provided with a return water gap, one end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water tank via a rotary joint, and the other end is closed, and the side wall of the inlet pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the spiral blade through the water pipe of the stirring rod through the water pipe The spiral blade is provided with a water return hole, so that the water flows back through the return hole into the return water gap between the inlet pipe and the stirring shaft of the stirring shaft and flows back into the water tank, so as to facilitate absorption by the vacuum waste heat recovery device. The heat energy is transmitted to the stirring shaft and the stirring blade, and the positive pressure heat in the hollow structure of the stirring shaft, the stirring blade repeatedly stirs and heats the material, and the tank body layer heats the negative pressure of the material at a low pressure, which not only accelerates the body in the tank significantly The drying speed of the material, and also significantly saves energy consumption.

The drying tank of the present invention is composed of a lower middle slotted body and an upper middle slotted body, and the lower middle slotted body is fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper middle slotted body through a sealing ring and a fixing bolt, and the lower middle slotted groove The body is provided with a hollow inner cavity, wherein the hollow inner cavity is provided with an electric heating device and a heat conducting medium, and the electric heating device is controlled by a control system, and the heat conducting medium is connected with the vacuum waste heat recovery device to facilitate installation and maintenance. The role.

The invention can be provided with a sealing card slot on the circumference of the end face of the lower middle slotted body, and the sealing ring is positioned through the sealing card slot to achieve quick installation.

The sorting cylinder of the invention is composed of an upper middle opening cylinder and a lower middle opening cylinder, and the upper middle opening cylinder is fixedly and sealingly connected with the lower middle opening cylinder through a rubber sealing ring and a fixing bolt to achieve convenient installation. And the role of maintenance.

The invention can be provided with a sealing groove on the circumference of the end surface of the upper middle opening cylinder, and the rubber sealing ring is positioned through the sealing groove to achieve quick installation.

The present invention can be provided with an overflow port on the vacuum pump circulating water tank, and the vacuum pump circulating water tank communicates with the oil-water separating device through the overflow port, so as to facilitate passage when the water in the vacuum pump circulating water tank reaches the set water level line. The overflow port flows into the oil-water separation device.

The vacuum waste heat recovery device of the present invention comprises a refrigeration unit 1 and a refrigeration unit 2. The refrigeration unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a surface cooler, and the steam outlet of the drying tank is sequentially cooled and cooled by a steam filter. The air cooler of the unit 1 and the air cooler of the refrigeration unit 2 are connected to the vacuum pump to maintain the waste heat recovery process at a pressure of -0.081 to 0.099 MPa, and the condenser of the refrigeration unit 2 is connected to the flush water tank through a water pump; The condenser of unit one is disposed in the interlayer, and the condenser may be disposed outside the drying tank, and communicated with the condenser through the heat exchange circulation line to facilitate absorption of heat of steam in the drying tank by the waste heat recovery device, and condensation On the one hand, the heat energy of the steam is transferred to the inner layer of the drying tank to dry the material in the drying tank, and on the other hand, the heat energy is transferred to the flushing water tank, and the kitchen waste is washed by the salt-reducing and fat-reducing device, which not only realizes Waste heat recovery, but also significantly saves energy consumption and shortens heating time.

The control system of the present invention comprises a PLC controller, a touch screen with a human-machine interface, an alarm device and a monitoring sensor, wherein the monitoring sensor, the alarm device and the touch screen are respectively connected with a PLC controller, and the monitoring sensor comprises a sandwich temperature sensor, Tank pressure sensor, interlayer pressure sensor, interlayer water level sensor, electric heating tube temperature sensor, circulating water tank temperature sensor, circulating water tank liquid level sensor, compressor high pressure sensor, compressor low pressure sensor, said interlayer temperature sensor, laminated pressure sensor and The interlayer water level sensors are respectively disposed in the interlayer of the tank body, the tank body pressure sensor is disposed in the inner cavity of the tank body, the electric heating tube temperature sensor is disposed at the end of the electric heating tube, the circulating water tank temperature sensor and the circulating water tank The liquid level sensors are respectively disposed in the circulating water tank, and the compressor high pressure sensor is disposed on the outlet pipe of the compressor, and the low pressure sensor of the compressor is disposed on the intake pipe of the compressor to detect the pressure of the compressor to facilitate passing on the touch screen. Touch control mode to make PLC control Automatically receiving information from the monitoring sensor and instructing the electric ball valve in the negative drying tank, and/or the heating element, and/or the waste heat recovery device to operate, so that the material in the tank is quickly dried in a negative pressure, low temperature, and closed environment. It not only avoids the odor generated in the air but also forms air pollution. At the same time, it also eliminates the bacteria in the material and avoids the destruction of protein and cellulose.

The invention can be provided with an expansion valve control board in the PLC controller, and the expansion valve is connected to the PLC controller via the expansion valve control board, so as to facilitate the expansion of the tank body by the expansion valve control panel to control the expansion valve.

The invention can be provided with a vacuum pressure relief valve on the pipeline between the filter and the air cooler, and the vacuum pressure relief valve is connected with the PLC controller to achieve automatic control of pressure relief and cleaning of the filter core.

The invention can be provided with a sealing cover at the upper end of the feeding hopper, the sealing cover is connected with the feeding hopper via the hopper electric valve, and the hopper electric valve is connected with the PLC controller to facilitate automatic control of the feeding hopper by the PLC controller Switch.

The invention can also be provided with a Bluetooth communication module in the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected with the mobile phone and the computer terminal via the wireless communication module, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the device through the mobile phone and the computer terminal.

The invention adopts the above structure and method, and has the advantages of novel structure, high degree of automation, remarkable solid-liquid separation effect, short drying time, energy saving, low power consumption, environmental protection, no odor emission, high stability of equipment operation and the like.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a feed solid-liquid separation device and a sorting device in the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum drying apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the top view of Figure 4 .

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum drying device and a waste heat recovery device of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the process of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the structure of the conveying shaft of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a rear elevational view of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a schematic exploded view of the drying tank of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic exploded view of the sorting cylinder of the present invention.

Reference numerals: salt-reducing and lipid-lowering device 1, solid-liquid separation device 2, oil-water separation device 3, automatic sorting device 4, drying device 5, waste heat recovery device 7, vacuum pump 9, electric ball valve 10, drying tank 11, stirring shaft 12. Mixing reducer 14, heating element 15, stirring blade 16, stirring rod 17, flushing water tank 19, flushing pump 20, vacuum pump circulating water tank 21, flushing pipe 22, hopper 23, feed reducer 24, shaftless spiral 25 , filter 26, shutter 27, lead screw 28, shutter reducer 29, steam filter 30, liquid collection tank 31, sorting cylinder 32, access cover 33, crushing knife 34, sorting net 35, sorting blade 36. Main shaft 37, motor 38, filtrate net 39, rotary joint 41, conveying shaft 42, conveying reducer 43, conveying shaft 45, guide section 46, perforated discharge section 47, conveying bucket 48, discharge port 49 , domestic garbage outlet 50, flushing water receiving tank 52, left-handed guiding piece 53, right-handed guiding piece 54, flushing hole 55, refrigeration unit 56, refrigeration unit II 57, compressor 58, condenser 59, expansion valve 60, the surface cooler 61. The screen plate 62 is connected to the middle slotted body 65 of the guide plate 64 and the upper open cylinder 67 and the lower middle open cylinder 68 of the upper middle slotted body 66, the chassis 71 and the chassis cover 72, the control device 73, and the sewage device 74, sewage inlet pipe 75 condensing and oiling mechanism 76, oil scraping mechanism 77, degreasing mechanism 78, cooling and heating system 79, condensing plate 80, scraping plate 81, moving oil storage tank 82, oil plate 83, push oil docking plate 84 Degreasing tank 85, deoiling plate 86, degreasing connecting plate 87, oil tank 88, sewage pump 89, sewage drain tank 90, sewage pipe 91, water-cooled condenser 92, cold plate evaporator 93, degreasing condenser 94, The slag mesh screen 95, the backwashing pipe 96, the sewage evacuation pipe 97, the sewage venting valve 98, the overflow pipe 99, the check valve 100, the inclined chassis bottom plate 101, the cold plate reducer 102, the cold plate screw 103, Cold plate guide bar 104, upper cover plate 105, oil scraper reducer 106, moving screw 107, guide slide 108, slider 109, moving nut 110, degreasing reducer 111, degreaser 112, gas spring 114.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in the accompanying drawings, a kitchen waste treatment device includes a solid-liquid separation device 2, a water-water separation device 3, an automatic sorting device 4, a drying device 5, and a control system, and the drying device 5 includes a drying tank 11, The agitator shaft 12 and the agitating motor 14 are provided with agitating blades 16 . The two ends of the agitating shaft 12 are fixedly connected to the drying tank 11 via a bearing and a bearing housing, and the agitating shaft 12 is connected to the agitating motor 14 . A heating element is disposed in the interlayer between the inner layer and the outer layer of the drying tank 11, and a temperature sensor is disposed on the outer layer, a discharge port is disposed at a lower portion of the drying tank 11, and a discharge sealing door is disposed on the discharge port, wherein The utility model further includes an electric ball valve 10, a vacuum pump 9, and a waste heat recovery device. The discharge port of the automatic sorting device 4 is connected to the feed port of the drying tank 11 of the drying device 5 through the electric ball valve 10, and the steam outlet of the drying tank 11 The waste heat recovery device is connected to the vacuum pump 9, and the electric ball valve 10, the waste heat recovery device and the drying device 5 are respectively connected to the control system, and a vacuum negative pressure is formed in the drying tank by the operation of the vacuum pump 29 to make the pressure dimension in the drying process. From -0.081 to -0.099 MPa, it not only kills the harmful bacteria in the fermented and dried kitchen waste in the drying tank, but also preserves the protein, cellulose and other nutrients that are beneficial to the livestock, so that the dried and dried kitchen utensils The waste particles meet the requirements of the Animal Husbandry Law to form livestock feed; moreover, the negative pressure reduces the boiling point of the water in the material. When the temperature in the drying tank is about 50-65 ° C, the water in the material can boil, no need to The material is heated to 100 ° C, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the drying time; at the same time, the odor-laden steam generated during the drying process is condensed by the vacuum waste heat recovery device 7 to dissolve the odor molecules into the condensed water and discharged to the condensed water. In the sewage treatment system, the generation of odor is avoided.

The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention comprises a hopper 23, a forward and reverse motor 24 and a shaftless screw 25, wherein the hopper 23 is provided with a shaftless spiral 25, and a bottom of the hopper 23 is provided with a liquid receiving groove 31. a sealing cover is arranged at the upper end, and a filter plate 62 is arranged between the feeding hopper 23 and the liquid receiving groove 31. The discharging opening of the feeding hopper 23 is provided with a sealing device, and the bottom surface of the liquid receiving groove 31 is inclined to facilitate the pair. The fluid is diverted, and the liquid receiving tank 31 communicates with the oil-water separation device 3 via the infusion pipe. One end of the shaftless screw 25 is fixedly connected with the positive and negative motor 24, and the other end is provided with the side wall of the feeding hopper 23. Corresponding to the material port, the forward and reverse motor 24 is connected to the control system, and the discharge port is sealed by the sealing device, and the control system starts the reverse rotation of the forward and reverse motor 24 to carry out the kitchen waste entering the feeding hopper 23. Broken and squeezed, the oil and water in the kitchen waste is extruded, the oil water flows down through the filter plate 62 to the liquid collection tank 31, and the oil water in the liquid collection tank 31 flows into the oil-water separation device through the infusion pipeline for processing, when most After the water and grease are squeezed out, the control system then inverts the motor 2 4 forward rotation, at the same time drive the sealing device up, so that the discharge opening is opened, the shaftless screw 25 will push the kitchen waste after the screwing forward, and enter the sorting cylinder through the discharge port to enter the fermentation drying tank The water content of the kitchen waste is greatly reduced, the drying time is greatly reduced, the drying burden is reduced, and energy consumption is saved.

The invention can be provided with a desalination and degreasing device on the solid-liquid separation device, the demineralization and degreasing device 1 comprises an irrigation pipe 22, a flushing electromagnetic valve, a flushing pump 20, a flushing water tank, and the flushing pipe 9 is fixed at The inner side wall of the hopper is connected to the flushing pump via a flushing solenoid valve, and the flushing pump is connected with the flushing water tank, and the flushing solenoid valve and the flushing pump are respectively controlled by the control system to facilitate the circumference of the feeding hopper Spray rinsing to prevent oil and salt from adhering to the wall of the hopper 23, and at the same time, washing the kitchen waste, greatly reducing the salt and oil of the kitchen waste, making it more suitable as a feed additive or Ecological fertilizer raw materials.

The sealing device of the present invention may include a shutter 27 and a power driving device, and the power driving device may be a cylinder or a liquid cylinder, or may be composed of a lead screw 28, a silk socket and a shutter driving motor 29, The shutter 27 is sealed through the ram perforation and the end surface of the discharge port. The ram drive motor 29 is connected to the lead screw 28, the silk socket is connected to the ram 27, and the ram drive motor 29 rotates to drive the lead screw 28. Rotating, the screw 28 rotates to move the wire base up and down, thereby driving the shutter 27 to move up and down. The shutter 27 passes through the ram perforation and seals the end surface of the discharge port, and the kitchen waste is high when the water content is high. When entering the feeding hopper 23, the shutter driving motor 29 drives the shutter 27 to seal the discharge opening. When most of the moisture is squeezed out, the control system instructs the forward and reverse motor 24 to rotate forward and simultaneously drives the shutter 27 to move downward. , so that the discharge opening is opened.

The gap between the end of the shaftless screw 25 and the shutter 27 of the present invention is 2-10 mm, so as to facilitate the recovery and extrusion of the material close to the shutter 27, and then reversely conveyed to ensure that the material is completely squeezed and completely transported. effect.

The invention can be provided with a cutting edge at the lower end of the shutter 27 to cut the material falling under the shutter to ensure that the shutter can completely seal the discharge opening.

The automatic sorting device 4 of the present invention comprises a sorting cylinder 32, a cover plate, a crushing blade 34, a separating shaft 17, a separating blade, a filter net 35, a separating motor 38 and a material guiding device, and the upper end of the sorting cylinder 32 and the cover plate Connected to each other, the filter net 35 at the bottom of the sorting cylinder 32 is formed by sequentially connecting a non-porous discharge section at the inlet end and a perforated discharge section connected to the non-porous discharge section 46, the lower part of the filter. a guiding cavity is arranged, a flushing water receiving groove 52 is arranged on one side of the lower end surface of the material guiding cavity, and a material discharging port 49 is arranged on the other side, and a material guiding device is arranged in the guiding cavity. The flushing water receiving tank 52 is separated from the guiding chamber by the filtrate net 39 to facilitate the filtration and separation of the moisture of the material. The bottom of the flushing water receiving tank 52 is inclined and communicates with the oil-water separating device. The material guiding device comprises a conveying shaft 42 and a conveying reducer 43. The conveying shaft 42 is fixed to the guiding chamber via a bearing, and the conveying shaft 42 is conveyed by the conveying reducer 43. Driven, the conveyor reducer 43 is controlled by a control system, and the transport shaft 42 is sequentially arranged from left to right. a guide vane 54, a connecting guide plate 64 and a left-handed baffle 53 which are spirally wound along the axial direction of the conveying shaft, the connecting guide plate is axially fixed on the conveying shaft, and the connecting guide plate One end is fixedly connected with the right-handed guide vane, and the other end is fixedly connected with the left-handed guide vane, and the right-handed guide vane corresponds to the flushing water receiving tank, and the connecting deflector corresponds to the lowering opening, when the elongated When the solids enter the sorting cylinder 32, the elongated solids are guided through the guide vanes to the separating vanes through the guiding of the separating vanes in the non-porous discharge section 20, and the rotation of the separating shaft 17 Under the action, large substances such as plastic bags, knives, forks, chopsticks or lunch boxes are exported to the domestic waste outlet through the separation blades, and the sorted sauce-like kitchen waste passes through the filter into the diversion chamber and passes through After the guiding of the right-handed guide vane and the cooperation of the left-handed baffle are blocked, the material is quickly pushed into the feeding port of the drying tank through the feeding port by the rotation of the conveying guide plate, and is opened by the control system. Electric ball valve to make the material enter the drying tank Steps to avoid the sort of material accumulated in the barrel and can not be discharged.

The conveying shaft of the present invention can adopt a hollow water injection chamber, and the side wall of the conveying shaft is provided with a flushing hole 55, and one end of the conveying shaft 42 communicates with a flushing pump in the flushing water tank via a rotary joint 41, and the flushing pump Controlled by the PLC control system, the water injection chamber is in communication with the flushing hole 55. When the sorting is completed, the flushing water is injected into the water injection chamber of the conveying shaft, and the filtering net, the filtrate net and the guiding chamber are automatically flushed through the flushing hole. The flushed sewage flows down through the filtrate network to the flushing liquid collecting tank, and then flows into the oil-water separating device through the pipeline, which greatly facilitates the cleaning.

The mesh of the filtrate network 26 of the present invention is 2-10 mm to further filter the fluid.

The agitating shaft 12, the stirring rod 17 and the spiral blade 16 in the drying tank 11 of the present invention respectively adopt a structure in which a hollow phase communicates, and one end of the stirring shaft 12 is provided with a swivel joint, and the center of the inner cavity of the stirring shaft 12 is provided with a water pipe, the inlet pipe and the inner wall of the agitating shaft 12 are provided with a return water gap, one end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water tank via a rotary joint, the other end is closed, and the side wall of the inlet pipe passes through the water pipe through the stirring rod cavity The spiral blade 16 is connected with a water return hole, and the water spiral hole 16 is provided with a water return hole, so that the water flows back through the water return hole into the water return gap between the water inlet pipe and the stirring shaft of the stirring shaft and flows back into the water tank to It is advantageous to transfer the absorbed heat energy to the stirring shaft 12 and the stirring blade through the vacuum waste heat recovery device 7, increase the heat transfer area by repeatedly stirring and heating the material through the stirring blade, and heating the material by the tank interlayer, not only significantly speeding up the groove The drying rate of the material in the body, and also significantly saves energy consumption.

The drying tank of the present invention is composed of a lower middle slotted body 65 and an upper middle slotted body 66. The lower middle slotted body is fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper middle slotted body via a sealing ring and a fixing bolt, the lower middle The slotted body is provided with a hollow inner cavity, wherein the hollow inner cavity is provided with an electric heating device and a heat conducting medium, and the electric heating device is controlled by a control system, and the heat conducting medium is connected with the vacuum waste heat recovery device to achieve convenient installation. And the role of maintenance.

The invention can be provided with a sealing card groove on the circumference of the end surface of the lower middle slotted body 65, and the sealing ring is positioned through the sealing card slot to achieve quick installation.

The sorting cylinder of the present invention is composed of an upper middle opening cylinder 67 and a lower middle opening cylinder body 68. The upper middle opening cylinder body 67 is fixedly and sealingly connected with the lower middle opening cylinder body through a rubber sealing ring and a fixing bolt, It is easy to install and repair.

The present invention can be provided with an overflow port on the vacuum pump circulating water tank 21, and the vacuum pump circulating water tank 21 communicates with the oil-water separating device through the overflow port to facilitate the water in the vacuum pump circulating water tank 21 reaches the set water level line. At this time, it flows into the oil-water separation device 3 through the overflow port, so that the odor-free gas is discharged throughout the entire process.

The vacuum waste heat recovery device 8 of the present invention comprises a refrigeration unit 56 and a refrigeration unit II 57. The refrigeration unit includes a compressor 58, a condenser 59, an expansion valve 60, a surface cooler 61, and a steam outlet of the drying tank 11. The mouth steam filter 30 is sequentially connected with the air cooler 61 of the refrigeration unit 56 and the air cooler 61 of the refrigeration unit 257 and the vacuum pump 9, so that the waste heat recovery process is performed under a pressure of -0.081 to 0.099 MPa, and the refrigeration unit 2 The condenser 59 of 57 is connected to the flushing water tank 21 through a water pump; the condenser 59 of the refrigeration unit 56 may be disposed in the interlayer, or the condenser 59 may be disposed outside the drying tank through the heat exchange circulation line and the condenser 59. In order to facilitate the absorption of the heat energy of the steam in the drying tank 11 by the vacuum waste heat recovery device 8, the heat energy of the steam is transferred to the drying tank interlayer through the condenser 59, and the material in the drying tank 11 is dried, and the other is dried. In terms of transferring heat energy to the flushing water tank, the kitchen waste is washed by the salt-reducing and fat-reducing device 1, which not only realizes waste heat recovery, but also significantly saves energy consumption and shortens heating time.

The oil-water separation device of the present invention comprises a chassis 71 and a chassis cover 72, a control device 73 and a sewage device 74. The side wall of the chassis 71 is in communication with the sewage inlet pipe 75, and the chassis 71 and the chassis cover 72 are sealingly connected. The casing 71 is provided with a condensing and oiling mechanism 76, a scraping mechanism 77, a degreasing mechanism 78, and a cooling and heating system 79.

The condensing and oiling mechanism 76 includes a condensing plate 80 and a condensing plate lifting device. The condensing plate 80 is connected to the casing cover 72 via a condensing lifting device, and the condensing plate lifting device is driven by the control device.

The oil scraping mechanism includes a scraping plate 81, a moving oil storage tank 82, an oil pushing plate 83, a pushing oil docking plate 84, and a scraping plate moving device. The scraping oil plate 81 is located in the casing 71, and the lower end of the oil scraping plate 81 is The movable oil storage tank 82 is fixedly connected, and the two ends of the moving oil storage tank 82 are connected with the oil scraping plate moving device fixed on both sides of the casing 71 to facilitate the horizontal and horizontal movement of the oil scraping plate 81 by the oil scraping plate moving device. The grease that has been cooled at the lower end of the condensing plate 80 is scraped off, and the grease scraped off by the scraping plate 81 is collected by moving the oil sump 82. The oil sump 82 is slidably connected with the oil slab 83, and the oil slab 83 is disposed on one side. There is a pusher butt plate 84, and the pusher butt plate 84 is provided with a butt bump or a butt groove.

The degreasing mechanism 78 includes a degreasing tank 85, a degreasing plate 86, a degreasing connecting plate 87, a degreasing driving device and an oil receiving barrel 88. The degreasing groove 85 is fixed to the outside of the casing 71, and the degreasing groove 85 slides. The oil removal plate is provided with an oil outlet hole on the bottom surface of the oil removal groove 85. The oil removal groove 85 is provided with a degreasing driving device, and the oil removal plate 86 is driven by a degreasing driving device. The driving device is driven by the control device, and the degreasing plate 86 is provided with a degreasing connecting plate 87 on one side thereof, and the other side of the degreasing connecting plate 87 is provided with a connecting groove or a connecting bump to facilitate the connection with the degreasing plate. The connecting groove or the connecting protrusion of the 87, when the oil scraping mechanism moves to the side of the oil removing mechanism via the oil scraping plate moving device, the pushing oil docking plate 84 is docked with the oil removing connecting plate 87, and the pushing oil butting plate 84 is fixed at The degreasing driving device on the oil sump 85 is driven, and the lower end of the oil outlet is connected to the oil receiving barrel 88 via an oil discharging pipe, and the oil removing driving device is driven by the control device.

The sewage discharge device comprises a sewage pump 89 and a sewage drainage tank 90, the liquid inlet of the sewage pump 89 is in communication with the bottom of the casing 71, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the sewage receiving tank through the sewage pipe 91, and the sewage pump 89 is controlled by the sewage pump 89. drive;

The refrigeration and heating system of the present invention employs a heat pump system including a compressor, a water-cooled condenser 92, a cold plate evaporator 93, an electronic expansion valve, a filter, and a degreasing condenser 94, which is mounted in the chassis. At the bottom of the 71, the cold plate evaporator 93 is mounted on the condensing plate 80 to facilitate cooling of the condensing plate, and the lower end surface of the condensing plate 80 reaches the liquid oil and instantly solidifies into grease, and the degreasing condenser 94 is installed at 15 a bottom portion for facilitating heating of the oil entering the degreasing tank 85 to melt the grease in the degreasing tank 85 into a fluid, and the exhaust port of the compressor is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser and the degreasing condenser by pipes, respectively. The other end of the water-cooled condenser 92 and the deoiling condenser 94 is connected to the throttling device by a pipe and then connected to one end of the cold plate evaporator 93 through a pipe. The other end of the cold plate evaporator 93 is finally connected to the compressor by a pipe. An air inlet, the cooling and heating system is controlled by a control device. When the invention works, a liquid with oil, water and slag is injected into the casing 71 through a connecting pipe, and the control device starts the cooling and heating system and The condensing oil mechanism, the condensing plate lifting device drives the condensing plate to move downward, when the lower end of the condensing plate contacts the liquid surface, the condensing lifting device stops moving downward, and the oil on the liquid surface contacted by the lower end surface of the condensing plate 80 is in the cold plate evaporator The function of the lowering temperature becomes grease and adheres to the condensing plate 80. Then, the condensing and lowering device 80 drives the condensing plate 80 to carry the grease away from the liquid surface and then rises to the upper end of the scraping plate 81 of the scraping mechanism to stop, and the control device commands the scraping oil. The action of the scraper moving device in the mechanism drives the scraper plate 81 to move downward along the condensing plate 80 to perform linear movement, and scrapes the grease condensed at the lower end of the condensing plate 80 into the moving oil storage tank, and moves the degreasing tank during the scraping process. The degreasing connecting plate 87 in the 12 is located at one end of the moving deoiling tank 12, and when the scraping plate 81 scrapes all the grease on the lower end surface of the condensing plate 80 and conducts it through the scraping plate 81 to the moving degreasing tank 85, the scraping oil The plate moving device continues to move the scraping plate 81 until it stops in contact with the side of the degreasing tank 85. At this time, the degreasing connecting plate 87 in the moving oil storage tank 82 is inserted into the pushing oil docking plate 84, and the control device commands degreasing. Drive Acting, the driving oil docking plate 84 slides along the degreasing tank 85, and drives the degreasing connecting plate 87 to move, pushing the grease in the degreasing tank 85 into the degreasing tank, due to the bottom of the degreasing tank 85 and the heat end of the cooling and heating system (except The oil condenser is connected so that the grease is quickly melted into oil, and the oil flows into the oil tank 88 through the oil outlet hole and the oil discharge pipe, so that the oil and water on the surface of the oil can be separated by repeating the above actions repeatedly. The invention utilizes different freezing points of oil and water, and realizes efficient separation of oil and water in the temperature range where the oil reaches the condensation point and the water does not reach the condensation point, thereby achieving the advantages of high oil extraction efficiency and high oil extraction purity.

The invention can be provided with a slag mesh screen 95 in the casing 71. The slag mesh screen 95 is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the casing 71 to avoid the large particulate matter in the oil water rising to the upper part of the slag mesh screen 95, and further purifying. The purity of the oil-water separation.

The present invention can be provided with a sewage lifting backwashing mechanism in the sewage device on one side of the casing 71, which includes a backwashing pipe 96 and a filtering valve, and one end of the backwashing pipe 96 extends through the side wall of the casing 71 into the interior of the casing 71. Below the slag screen 95, the other end is connected to a drain pipe 91, and a filter valve is mounted on the backwash pipe 96 to facilitate filtering of the liquid entering the backwash pipe 96, the side wall of the backwash pipe 96 There are a plurality of small through holes arranged in a staggered manner, so that the small through holes on the backwashing pipe 96 spray high pressure water when the sewage is lifted, and the sludge sludge and the like at the bottom of the chassis 71 are backwashed to the sewage drain tank 90 and the sewage pump 89 Discharge, while high pressure suction by the sewage pump 89, avoids clogging of the slag screen.

The invention can be provided with a sewage emptying pipe 97 on the side of the sewage drain tank 90, and the sewage emptying pipe 97 is provided with a sewage emptying valve 98, so as to avoid opening the sewage when the sewage pump cannot work normally. The venting valve 98 allows the sewage in the casing 71 to be discharged through the sewage evacuation pipe 97, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the oil separation in the casing.

The present invention can be provided with an overflow port on the upper side of the side wall of the casing 71, and the overflow port communicates with the sewage evacuation pipe 97 via the overflow pipe 99, so that the present invention can always maintain normal operation during the separation process. A check valve 100 is disposed on the overflow pipe 99 to prevent the sewage from flowing back into the casing through the overflow port when the sewage is lifted.

The bottom surface of the chassis 71 of the present invention adopts a tilting chassis bottom plate 101, which is inclined from one end away from the sewage pump 89 to the end of the sewage pump 89, so that the debris separated by the slag screening screen 25 flows into the sewage pump along the inclined chassis bottom plate 101. The proximal end of 89 is pumped out by the sewage pump 89, which further improves the sewage discharge capacity.

The bottom of the degreasing tank 85 of the present invention is inclined, and the oil outlet hole is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the degreasing tank 85, so that the oil returned to the liquid state automatically flows into the oil receiving barrel through the oil outlet hole, and the automatic collection is achieved. The oil filtering device is arranged in the oil hole to further improve the cleanliness and purity of the oil.

The filtering device of the present invention can adopt the prior art such as filter cotton, and details are not described herein again.

The condensing plate lifting device of the present invention comprises a cold plate reducer 102, a cold plate screw 103 and a cold plate guiding rod 104, and a cold plate reducer 102 is arranged at the center of the chassis cover 72 at the upper end of the chassis 71, and the two sides are respectively provided The cold plate reducer 102 is controlled by a control device 73. The lower end of the cold plate screw 103 is fixedly connected to the condensing plate 80, and the upper end is connected to the output shaft of the cold plate reducer 102. After the rod 104 passes through the guide perforation, the lower end thereof is fixedly connected with the condensing plate 80, so as to facilitate the vertical movement of the condensing plate 80 along the guide perforation under the action of the cold plate guide rod 104 by the cold plate reducer 102.

In the process of use, the condensing plate lifting device of the present invention comprises a cold plate cylinder and a cold plate guiding rod. The center of the chassis cover at the upper end of the chassis is provided with a cold plate cylinder, and guide holes are respectively arranged on both sides. The cold plate cylinder is controlled by a control device, and the lower end of the telescopic rod of the cold plate cylinder is fixedly connected with the condensation plate, and the cold plate guide rod passes through the guide hole and the lower end thereof is fixedly connected with the condensation plate.

The upper cover of the chassis cover 72 can be sealed with an upper cover plate 105. The upper cover plate 105 is sealed and connected to the chassis 71 to prevent secondary pollution from being emitted into the air.

The scraper moving device of the present invention is composed of a scraper reducer 106, a moving screw 107, a guide chute 108, a slider 109, and a moving nut 110, and the moving screw 107 and the guide chute 108 are respectively disposed at In the chassis 71 on both sides of the condensing plate 80, one end of the moving screw 107 is fixedly connected to the chassis 71 via a bearing and a bearing seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the oil scraper 106 fixed to the chassis 71. A moving nut 110 is threadedly connected to the moving screw 107. The two ends of the guiding slide 108 are fixedly connected to the chassis 71. The guiding slide 108 is slidably connected with a slider 109. The moving oil storage tank 82 is moved at one end and moved. The nut 110 is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly coupled to the slider 109, and the oil scraper reducer 106 is controlled by a control device.

The degreasing driving device of the present invention may be composed of a degreasing reducer 111 and a de-oiling screw 112. The de-oiling screw 112 is disposed in the degreasing tank 85, and the de-oiling screw 112 is passed through a bearing and a bearing seat. The other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the degreasing reducer 111 fixed to one end of the degreasing tank 85, and the degreaser 112 is screwed with the pushing oil butting plate 84. The degreasing reducer 111 The driving device is driven to facilitate the rotation of the degreaser 112 by the degreasing reducer 111, and the pushing oil butting plate 84 is linearly moved along the sidewall of the degreasing tank 85, and the moving oil reservoir 82 flows into the degreasing tank 85. Go to the oil tank 88.

The degreasing driving device of the present invention may further comprise a degreasing cylinder and a push oil docking plate, wherein the pushing oil cylinder is fixed at one end of the degreasing tank, and one end of the telescopic rod of the degreasing cylinder is fixedly connected with the pushing oil butting plate in the degreasing tank, The degreasing cylinder is driven by the control device to facilitate linear movement of the push oil docking plate along the side wall of the degreasing tank by the degreasing cylinder, and the oil flowing into the degreasing tank of the oil storage tank is pushed into the oil receiving barrel.

One end of the upper cover plate 105 of the present invention is hinged to the chassis 71 via a hinge, and the two sides are respectively connected to the chassis via a gas spring 114 to facilitate the opening of the condensation plate.

The control device of the invention comprises a PLC controller, a control panel, a cold plate temperature sensor, a high liquid level sensor, a low liquid level sensor, a condensing plate upper limit position sensor, a scraper right position sensor, a sewage temperature sensor, and a front position of the oil removal plate. Sensor and de-oiling plate position sensor, the cold plate temperature sensor, high level sensor, low level sensor, upper limit position sensor, scraper left position sensor, scraper right position sensor, sewage temperature sensor, degreasing The front position sensor and the rear position sensor of the oil removal plate are respectively connected with a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected with the control panel.

The condensation plate is provided with a cold plate temperature sensor, so that the cold plate temperature sensor controls the condensation temperature of the cold plate evaporator and is uploaded to the PLC controller;

The high liquid level sensor and the low liquid level sensor are arranged in the chassis, and the upper liquid level and the lower liquid level of the liquid in the chassis can be simultaneously detected by the high liquid level sensor and the low liquid level sensor, and the condensing plate is controlled by the low liquid level sensor. The executable of the downward lifting oil, the high-level sensor controls the condensing plate to stop the upstream waiting for the scraping mechanism to operate, and uploads the information in the PLC controller;

The upper cover plate of the condensing plate is provided with an upper limit position sensor of the condensing plate, and the upper limit position of the condensing plate is controlled by the upper limit position sensor of the condensing plate, and the information is uploaded in the PLC controller;

The left side of the chassis is provided with a scraper left position sensor, and the right side is provided with a scraper right position sensor, and the left and right scraping strokes of the scraper are controlled by the scraper left position sensor and the scraper right position sensor. And upload the information in the PLC controller;

The bottom of the chassis is provided with a sewage temperature sensor, and the sewage temperature sensor controls the temperature of the oily sewage in the chassis to control the executableness of the downward lifting of the condensing plate, and uploads the information in the PLC controller;

The front end of the degreasing tank is provided with a front position sensor of the oil pushing plate, and the rear position sensor is provided with an oil pushing plate, and the front and rear moving strokes of the degreasing plate are controlled by the position sensor of the deoiling plate and the position sensor of the deoiling plate, and the information is uploaded. In the PLC controller.

When the material is automatically processed, the PLC controller instructs the hopper electric valve to open, opens the sealing cover, and at the same time, starts the ram drive motor action, drives the ram to seal the discharge port, then stops, and simultaneously starts the reverse rotation. The motor is reversed, so that the shaftless screw crushes and squeezes the kitchen waste falling into the feeding hopper. At the same time, the water pump in the salt-reducing and fat-reducing device is started, and the water is sprayed on the wall of the feeding pipe through the flushing pipe, and the casting is removed in time. The oil salt adhered to the hopper wall, and the material entering the feeding hopper is subjected to salt reduction and lipid reduction treatment, and the oil discharged after the material is squeezed and sprayed is collected through the liquid collection tank and discharged to the oil water separation device through the liquid discharge pipe. In the middle, when the kitchen waste is squeezed, the PLC controller instructs the positive and negative motor to rotate forward, the separation motor rotates forward and the lower conveyance motor rotates forward, the gate drive motor drives the brake plate to move, and the discharge port is opened. The positive and negative motor drives the shaftless spiral rotation to push the screwed material into the sorting cylinder through the discharge port. When entering the sorting cylinder, the slender material such as the knife, fork and chopsticks passes under the rotation of the separating shaft. Separation blade export Other hard materials such as paste materials and bones under the centrifugal action of the separation shaft and the separation blade, the hard material instantaneously collides with the filter mesh under the action of centrifugation to pulverize, and the pulverized powder and paste enter the guide cavity through the filter mesh. Inside, through the guiding of the right-handed guide vane and the blocking of the left-handed baffle, the material is quickly pushed into the feeding port of the drying tank through the feeding port by the rotation of the conveying guide plate, and the PLC controller Open the electric ball valve, the material enters the drying tank, and then close the electric ball valve.

The PLC controller instructs the stirring motor to move, and drives the stirring shaft in the drying tank to stir and dry the material. In the drying process, the electric heating element of the drying tank interlayer is first electrically heated by the PLC controller, and the temperature in the drying tank rises to At 80 degrees Celsius, the electric heating is stopped, the PLC controller starts the vacuum pump, and starts vacuuming the drying tank. When the vacuum in the drying tank reaches -0.06 MPa, the compressor heating cable stops, and the compressor starts to enter the drying stage. The PLC controller instructs the waste heat recovery device 5 to operate, and the waste heat recovery device 5 heat-exchanges the steam generated during the drying process of the material in the drying device 4, and then condenses the steam to form heat of the steam of the liquid waste heat recovery device by the waste heat recovery device. Recycling produces 50-120 ° C hot water, wherein 50-120 ° C hot water is transferred to the hollow structure of the interlayer and the stirring shaft in the drying tank, and the material in the drying tank is passed through the drying tank and the stirring shaft and the stirring blade. Reheating, another part to transfer heat energy to the flushing water tank 32, 50-70 ° C hot water through the desalination and degreasing device 1 to kitchen waste Flushing; during the heating process, the spiral blade on the stirring shaft thoroughly stirs the creamy kitchen waste to avoid uneven mixing of the kitchen waste in the drying tank, which affects the drying quality, and keeps the drying tank during the drying process. The pressure in the body is -0.081~-0.099MPa, so that the boiling point in the drying tank can boil at 50-65 °C, without heating to 100 °C, not only significantly accelerates the drying speed of the material in the tank, shortens the drying time, and It also significantly saves energy consumption;

When the oil-water separation device of the invention is in operation, the PLC controller is powered on. When the liquid level in the chassis reaches the lowest liquid level of the low liquid level sensor, the PLC controller instructs the cold plate evaporator to carry out the oil extraction, cooling and heating. The system simultaneously heats the condensate plate and heats the degreaser condenser and the water-cooled condenser. When the sewage temperature sensor in the cabinet senses that the sewage temperature reaches the specified temperature, the cold plate temperature sensor on the condensing plate senses the cold plate evaporator. When the specified temperature is reached, the specified temperature is higher than the freezing point of the water and lower than the freezing point of the oil. The PLC controller instructs the cold plate reducer to drive the condensing plate down to carry out the oil lifting, and when the low level sensor senses the condensing plate descends to the specified level When the low level sensor is turned on, the PLC controller instructs the cold plate reducer to drive the condensing plate to continue the downward distance and maintain until the cold plate temperature sensor on the condensing plate gives a temperature signal to achieve the oil lifting effect, the PLC controller Controlling the cold plate reducer to drive the condensing plate row, when the scraper plate upper limit position sensor gives the signal to the scraping position, the condensing plate reaches the scraping position, Plate reducer stopping operation,

The PLC controller controls the scraper reducer to drive the scraping screw to drive the scraper to scrape the bottom of the condensing plate along the chassis. When the scraper runs to the left end of the chassis, the left position sensor of the scraper is turned on and given The signal, PLC controller is the command oil scraper to drive the scraping screw to stop the action. At this time, the push oil docking plate is docked with the degreasing connecting plate in the degreasing tank, and the PLC controller commands the degreasing mechanism to act to drive the degreasing board along. The inner wall of the degreasing tank moves from the rear to the front, and the degreasing plate drives the pushing oil butt plate to move through the degreasing connecting plate. The pushing oil butting plate drives the pushing plate to slide along the side wall of the moving oil storage tank, and pushes the oil in the moving oil storage tank to the degreasing trough. In the process of removing the oil, the oil in the moving oil storage tank is higher than the freezing point of the oil. The solidified state adheres to the oil storage tank and cannot be pushed out, and the oil pushed into the oil removal tank is rapidly converted into oil under the heating of the water-cooled condenser, and flows into the oil receiving barrel through the oil outlet hole.

When the degreasing plate runs to the front end of the degreasing tank, the position sensor in front of the degreasing plate gives a signal, and the PLC controller controls the degreasing reducer to drive the degreasing screw to stop. When the degreasing is completed, the PLC controller controls the degreasing reducer to drive the degreasing. The lead screw is reversed. When the de-oiling plate is running to the rear end of the degreasing tank, the position sensor of the de-oiling plate gives a signal, and the PLC controller controls the de-oiling reducer to drive the de-oiling screw to stop, waiting for the next degreasing operation.

During the degreasing process, the oil in the water passes through the screen of the slag mesh and floats up to the surface of the sewage, while the granular sludge and the slag in the sewage are separated by the slag mesh screen under the slag mesh screen. Discharged by the sewage pump helps to ensure the cleanliness and high purity of the oil.

When the dirt at the bottom of the slag mesh has accumulated to a certain extent, it is necessary to raise the granular sludge or the slag, the PLC controller commands the sewage pump in the sewage lifting backwashing device, and the small through hole on the backwashing pipe when the sewage is lifted The high-pressure water is sprayed to backwash the sludge residue at the bottom of the chassis to the sewage drain tank and discharged into the sewage receiving pool by the sewage pump. At the same time, the high-pressure suction of the sewage pump avoids the blockage of the slag mesh screen. In the sewage discharge process, since the check valve is provided with a one-way valve, it is possible to prevent the sewage from flowing back into the casing through the overflow port when the sewage is lifted.

Claims

A kitchen waste disposal method is characterized in that, when the material is automatically processed, the PLC controller instructs the hopper electric valve to open, opens the sealing cover, and simultaneously activates the ram drive motor to drive the ram to seal the discharge opening. And then stop, and at the same time start the reverse rotation of the positive and negative motor, so that the shaftless screw crushes and squeezes the kitchen waste falling into the feeding hopper, and at the same time, starts the water pump in the salt reduction and fat reduction device, through the flushing tube pair The hopper wall is sprayed with water to remove the oil salt adhered to the hopper wall in time, and the material entering the hopper is subjected to salt reduction and lipid reduction treatment. The oil discharged after the material is squeezed and sprayed is collected through the liquid collection tank. After being discharged into the oil-water separation device through the drain pipe, when the kitchen waste is screwed, the PLC controller instructs the positive and negative motor to rotate forward, the split motor rotates forward and the lower feed motor forwards, and the gate drive motor drives The gate is moved to open the discharge port, and the positive and negative motor drives the shaftless spiral rotation to push the screwed material into the sorting cylinder through the discharge port. When entering the sorting cylinder, under the rotation of the separation shaft, Knife, fork, chopsticks The elongate material is led out through the separation blade, and other hard materials such as paste material and bone are centrifuged under the separation axis and the separation blade, and the hard substance is instantaneously collided with the filter mesh under the action of centrifugation to pulverize, and the pulverized powder and paste are pulverized. The material enters the guiding cavity through the filter net, and is blocked by the diversion of the right-handed guide vane and the cooperation of the left-handed baffle, and then the material is quickly passed to the drying tank through the feeding port by the rotation of the conveying shaft through the connecting guide plate. The feeding port advances, the PLC controller opens the electric ball valve, the material enters the drying tank, and then the electric ball valve is closed. The PLC controller instructs the stirring motor to move, and drives the stirring shaft in the drying tank to stir and dry the material during the drying process. First, the electric heating element of the drying tank interlayer is electrically heated by the PLC controller. When the temperature in the drying tank rises to 80 degrees Celsius, the electric heating is stopped, and the PLC controller starts the vacuum pump to start vacuuming the drying tank when drying. When the vacuum in the tank reaches -0.06MPa, the compressor heating cable stops, the compressor starts to enter the drying stage, and at the same time, the PLC controller commands the rest. The heat recovery device works, and the waste heat recovery device heats the steam generated during the drying process of the material in the drying device, and then condenses the steam to form a heat of the liquid waste heat recovery device. The heat of the steam is recovered by the waste heat recovery device to generate heat of 50-120 ° C. Water, wherein hot water of 50-120 ° C is transferred to the hollow structure of the interlayer and the stirring shaft in the drying tank, and the material in the drying tank is reheated through the drying tank and the stirring shaft and the stirring blade, and the other part is heated. It is transferred to the flushing water tank, and the hot water of 50-70 °C is washed by the desalting and degreasing device; during the heating process, the spiral blade on the stirring shaft thoroughly stirs the paste kitchen waste. During the drying process, the pressure in the drying tank is always maintained at -0.081 to -0.099 MPa, so that the boiling point in the drying tank can be boiled at 50-65 ° C;

At the same time, the temperature is lowered by the waste heat recovery device, and the odorous condensed water which becomes liquid after cooling is passed through a vacuum pump, and discharged into the vacuum pump circulating water tank, and flows to the oil-water separation device with the overflow port of the vacuum pump circulating water tank. And finally discharged into the sewage treatment system;

When the water tank temperature sensor detects that the water temperature in the water tank is greater than or equal to 40°, the water tank hydrating solenoid valve acts, and the water tank is supplemented with cool water to cool to 33 degrees Celsius or less, and then the water is stopped;

When the temperature of the interlayer temperature sensor of the drying tank interlayer reaches the set temperature of 90-110 ° C, the PLC controller instructs the stirring motor to stop, the waste heat recovery device stops working, and when the interlayer temperature sensor senses that the temperature drops to the set temperature, the PLC The controller commands the alarm to sound, prompting the discharge.
A kitchen waste processing method according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separation device is separated by a freezing point of oil and water, and within a temperature range in which the oil reaches a freezing point and the water does not reach a freezing point. To achieve efficient oil separation of oil and water.

A kitchen waste processing method according to claim 2, wherein the oil-water separation method is obtained by the following steps:

1), making a condensation plate;

2) cooling and condensing the condensing plate so that the temperature of the condensing plate is higher than the freezing point of the water and equal to or lower than the freezing point of the oil;

3) placing the bottom surface of the condensed condensing plate and contacting the upper surface of the liquid in the static oil-filled casing, and condensing the oil suspended on the surface of the liquid into grease and adhering to the condensing plate;

4), scrape off the grease adhering to the condensation plate with a scraper.
A kitchen waste processing method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of: heating the scraped degreaser.
A kitchen waste processing method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step 1 condensation plate is composed of a flat plate and a cold plate evaporator, and the cold plate evaporator is fixed on the flat plate, The cold plate evaporator is coupled to a heat pump system that is coupled to a temperature controlled switch that is made of a temperature conducting material.
The kitchen waste disposal method according to claim 4, wherein the step 5 deoiling tank is composed of a tank body and an oil-cooled condenser below the tank body, and the oil-cooled condenser is connected to the heat pump system. .
A kitchen waste processing method according to claim 4, wherein said temperature control switch employs a PLC controller.
A kitchen waste treatment device comprises a solid-liquid separation device, an oil-water separation device, an automatic sorting device, a drying device and a control system, the drying device comprises a drying tank, a stirring shaft and a stirring motor, and the stirring shaft is provided with stirring The blade and the two ends of the stirring shaft are fixedly connected to the drying tank through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the stirring shaft is connected with the stirring motor, and the heating layer is disposed in the interlayer between the inner layer and the outer layer of the drying tank, and the outer layer There is a temperature sensor, a discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the drying tank, and a discharge sealing door is arranged on the discharge port, which is characterized in that it further comprises an electric ball valve, a vacuum pump and a waste heat recovery device, and the discharge port of the automatic sorting device passes through The electric ball valve is connected to the feeding port of the drying tank of the drying device, and the steam outlet of the drying tank is connected to the vacuum pump through a waste heat recovery device, and the electric ball valve, the waste heat recovery device and the drying device are respectively connected with the control system.
A kitchen waste disposal apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said solid-liquid separation device comprises a hopper, a forward-reverse motor and a shaftless screw, and the hopper is provided with a shaftless screw. a liquid receiving tank is arranged at the bottom of the feeding hopper, a sealing cover is arranged at the upper end, a sieve plate is arranged between the feeding hopper and the liquid receiving tank, and a sealing device is arranged on the discharge opening of the feeding hopper, and the bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank Tilting, the liquid receiving tank is connected to the oil-water separation device via an infusion pipe, the shaftless screw has one end fixedly connected with the positive and negative motor, and the other end corresponds to the discharge port provided on the side wall of the feeding hopper, the positive The reversing motor is connected to the control system.
The kitchen waste disposal device according to claim 9, wherein the solid-liquid separation device is provided with a desalination and degreasing device, and the demineralization and degreasing device comprises an irrigation pipe, a flushing solenoid valve, and a flushing device. a pump, a flushing water tank, the flushing pipe is fixed on an inner side wall of the feeding hopper, the flushing pipe is connected to the flushing pump via a flushing electromagnetic valve, and the flushing pump is connected to the flushing water tank, and the flushing electromagnetic valve and the flushing pump respectively pass Control system control.
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