WO2017185818A1

WO2017185818A1 - Internal combustion engine having variable combustion chamber volume and using auxiliary crankshaft to drive auxiliary piston

Info

Publication number: WO2017185818A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/000308
Authority: WO
Inventors: 韩培洲
Original assignee: 韩培洲
Priority date: 2016-04-29
Filing date: 2017-04-19
Publication date: 2017-11-02
Also published as: CN105909382A

Abstract

Provided is an internal combustion engine having a variable combustion chamber volume and using an auxiliary crankshaft to drive an auxiliary piston, the internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder (21) and a crankshaft (24) in transmission connection via a connecting rod. A cylinder cover (2) is provided with a small cylinder sleeve (26) which is internally loaded with an auxiliary piston (31). The small cylinder sleeve (26) and the auxiliary piston (31) form a volume-variable combustion chamber (27) on the lower side. The auxiliary piston (31) is in transmission connection with the auxiliary crankshaft (35) on the upper side of the cylinder cover (2) via a connecting rod. The auxiliary piston in the small cylinder sleeve is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft (35) to be pressed into the volume-variable combustion chamber at a suitable rotation angle of 75 to 110 degrees in advance, such that immediately after the power stroke is started, the auxiliary piston is driven to compress gas for generating power in the small cylinder into the cylinder for expansion, so as to obtain more output power, thus greatly improving the efficiency of the engine. The internal combustion engine of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing a gasoline engine and can be used for automobiles, trucks, ships and the like.

Description

Variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a variable volume combustor internal combustion engine that drives an auxiliary piston with an auxiliary crankshaft.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In a variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary piston of application number 201510130475.7, in order to eliminate the combustion chamber volume as soon as possible during work, a higher relative compression ratio is formed and fuel consumption is reduced, in a two-stroke model. The auxiliary piston set in the auxiliary cylinder can also be pressed into the small cylinder combustion chamber by the auxiliary crankshaft. However, since the auxiliary piston also functions as an exhaust valve, it can only be pressed into the small cylinder combustion chamber by about 15 degrees in advance, and the combustion chamber cannot be allowed. The volume is eliminated as soon as possible after the start of the work process, so that the engine efficiency is not increased much. The auxiliary piston set in different models of the four strokes can be pushed into the small cylinder combustion chamber by the rebound spring or the auxiliary crankshaft, but the cam of the compression rebound spring is subjected to a large force, and the strength problem may occur in the actual application, and is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft. The auxiliary piston is set to complete the compression process when the piston in the cylinder reaches the top dead center. The auxiliary piston in the small cylinder is also driven by the auxiliary crankshaft to move into the upper side of the small cylinder to form the largest combustion chamber volume and in the small cylinder. The generation of work gas inside is not able to eliminate the combustion chamber volume as soon as possible after the start of the work process, so that the engine efficiency is not greatly increased.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft to drive an auxiliary piston. After the combustion work process is started in the cylinder, the auxiliary piston can be pressed into the small cylinder combustion chamber as soon as possible. The work gas in the small cylinder combustion chamber is pushed into the cylinder as soon as possible after the start of the work process, so that the efficiency is greatly improved, and it is also suitable for a high-efficiency gasoline engine with less exhaust pollution.

A variable-volume combustion chamber four-stroke internal combustion engine with an auxiliary piston according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder, a piston in a cylinder, and a crankshaft connected via a connecting rod and a crankcase, and is provided at a bottom dead center position of the cylinder a gas cylinder is provided with a small cylinder liner on the cylinder head above the cylinder, an auxiliary piston is arranged in the small cylinder liner, a variable volume combustion chamber is formed on the lower side by the small cylinder sleeve and the auxiliary piston, and the auxiliary piston is connected via the connecting rod The auxiliary crankshaft drive mounted on the upper side of the cylinder head is connected, the auxiliary crankshaft and the crankshaft in the crankcase rotate at the same speed and operate in two strokes. When the piston in the cylinder completes the compression process, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner is also driven by the auxiliary crankshaft. Move to the upper part of the small cylinder liner, form the variable volume combustion chamber on the lower side of the auxiliary piston, and generate work gas in the combustion chamber volume. When the piston in the cylinder is driven by the work gas, the movement starts to move to the bottom dead center. The auxiliary piston with a longer head in the small cylinder liner is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft and moves downward to press the work gas into the cylinder to participate in the work until the auxiliary piston is continuously driven into the steam. Inside; small cylinder liner positioned on the cylinder head At the lateral position above the cylinder, one or two venting valves are provided on the cylinders outside the small cylinder liner on the cylinder head, and the venting valve controls the communication or closing of the air passages in the cylinder and the cylinder head; When the piston starts to burn at the top dead center, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner has been driven away from the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center by the auxiliary crankshaft, and is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion chamber with an appropriate rotation angle of 25° to 110° ahead. And forming a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn, and as the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston is driven to continue downward, letting its head pass through the variable volume combustion chamber and into the cylinder; the piston in the cylinder moves to the lower At the end of the two-stroke ventilation, the cam drives the vent valve to open.

When the spark plug is used to ignite the internal combustion engine, on the side of the variable volume combustion chamber on the cylinder head, there are provided upper and lower spark plugs and injectors passing between the two venting valves, and a guide is provided on the top surface of the piston. Air screen, when the piston reaches the top dead center, the concave arc surface of the air guide screen with the appropriate height and width is just at the position corresponding to the injector on the lower side, at this time from the bottom surface of the cylinder head by the top surface of the piston The extruded air flow also just illuminates the oil mist sprayed from the injector upwards under the shielding flow of the air guiding screen toward the spark plug.

A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder, a piston in a cylinder, and a crankshaft connected via a connecting rod and a crankcase, and is provided at a bottom dead center position of the cylinder a gas cylinder is provided with a small cylinder liner on the cylinder head above the cylinder, an auxiliary piston is arranged in the small cylinder liner, a variable volume combustion chamber is formed on the lower side by the small cylinder sleeve and the auxiliary piston, and the auxiliary piston is connected via the connecting rod The auxiliary crankshaft drive mounted on the upper side of the cylinder head is connected, the auxiliary crankshaft and the crankshaft in the crankcase rotate at the same speed and operate in two strokes. When the piston in the cylinder completes the compression process, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner is also driven by the auxiliary crankshaft. Move to the upper part of the small cylinder liner, form the variable volume combustion chamber on the lower side of the auxiliary piston, and generate work gas in the combustion chamber volume. When the piston in the cylinder is driven by the work gas, the movement starts to move to the bottom dead center. The auxiliary piston with a longer head in the small cylinder liner is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft and moves downward to press the work gas into the cylinder to participate in the work until the auxiliary piston is continuously driven. Inside the cylinder; the small cylinder liner on the cylinder head is located above the center position of the cylinder, and a plurality of evenly distributed venting valves are arranged around the small cylinder liner, and the venting valve controls the communication or closing of the air passage between the cylinder and the cylinder head. The valve rod of the venting valve extends through the valve tube on the cylinder head to the cylinder head, and the small cylinder sleeve is provided with an opening ring sleeve which can slide up and down, and the valve rod top of each venting valve is on the bottom surface of the retaining ring under the opening ring sleeve Between the valve stems of the venting valve, there is a return spring on the bottom surface of the retaining ring on the lower side of the opening sleeve, and a fork-shaped rocker arm mounted on the supporting shaft of the cylinder head is provided on the side of the opening sleeve. One side outer end of the fork rocker arm is controlled by a cam on the cam shaft, and the other inner ends of the other side of the fork extend to the upper side of the ring on the lower side of the ring sleeve; When the piston starts to burn at the top dead center, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner has been driven by the auxiliary crankshaft away from the bottom dead center position of the auxiliary crankshaft, and is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion at an appropriate angle of 25° to 110° ahead. a chamber and forming a compression ratio at which the internal combustion engine begins to burn. As the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston is driven to continue downward, allowing its head to extend into the cylinder through the variable volume combustion chamber; the piston in the cylinder moves to When the second stroke is performed at the bottom dead center, the cam moves the opening sleeve downward by the fork-shaped rocker arm, and simultaneously presses the lower vent valves to open.

A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder, a piston in a cylinder and a crankshaft connected via a connecting rod, and a small cylinder liner is provided for the cylinder, and is mounted in the small cylinder liner The auxiliary piston consists of a small cylinder liner and a volume at the top of the auxiliary piston to form a variable volume combustion chamber. The auxiliary piston is connected to the auxiliary crankshaft via a connecting rod. The auxiliary crankshaft and the crankshaft rotate at the same speed and operate in two strokes. When the piston in the cylinder is compressed. During the process, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner is also moved by the auxiliary crankshaft to the outside of the small cylinder liner to form a variable volume combustion chamber, and generates working gas in the combustion chamber volume. When the piston in the cylinder is driven by the gas When the work starts moving toward the bottom dead center, the auxiliary piston with the longer head in the small cylinder liner is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft and moves downward to press the work gas into the cylinder to participate in the work until the auxiliary piston is continuously driven into the cylinder. In the cylinder; two cylinders are opposite each other to form a long cylinder, two of which are opposed to each other, and a respective one of the respective connecting rods and the crankcases at both ends of the long cylinder The shaft drive is connected, and an air inlet and a scavenging port are respectively arranged at bottom dead center positions of the opposite pistons in the long cylinder, and the small cylinder sleeve is arranged on one side of the long cylinder, and is located in the long cylinder The center of the top dead center of the two opposite pistons is arranged perpendicular to the long cylinder, and the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder sleeve is connected to the auxiliary crankshaft drive in the auxiliary crankcase via the connecting rod when the two opposite pistons are up to the top. At the point, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner has been driven away from the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center by the auxiliary crankshaft, and is pressed into the variable volume combustion chamber at an appropriate angle of 25° to 110°, and forms a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn. After the start of the combustion work process, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft to push the work gas out of the small cylinder to participate in the work. As the auxiliary piston is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft, the head of the auxiliary piston passes through the variable volume. The combustion chamber extends into the long cylinder.

In order to control the coordinated operation of the crankshaft and the auxiliary crankshaft, the same crankshaft gear is respectively mounted on the same end of the auxiliary crankshaft between the crankshafts on both sides of the crankcase and the sides of the two crankshafts, wherein the auxiliary crankshaft passes through a middle of a larger diameter The gear is in meshing engagement with a crankshaft gear on one of the crankshafts, and the intermediate gear is in meshing engagement with a crankshaft gear on the other crankshaft via an intermediate pinion having the same diameter as the crankshaft gear or the same as the intermediate gear.

A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is a four-stroke engine including a cylinder with an intake and exhaust valve, a piston in a cylinder, and a transmission via a connecting rod and a crankcase. The crankshaft has a small cylinder liner on the cylinder head above the cylinder, an auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner, a variable volume combustion chamber on the lower side formed by the small cylinder sleeve and the auxiliary piston, and the auxiliary piston is connected via the connecting rod The auxiliary crankshaft drive on the upper side of the cylinder head is connected, and the auxiliary crankshaft rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft in the crankcase and operates in four strokes. The small cylinder liner is located at a side of the upper portion of the cylinder that is partially out of the cylinder, so that the top surface of the cylinder block forms an exposed top table and is located within the range of the small cylinder liner, and the top of the auxiliary piston is formed to avoid hitting the top of the cylinder block. The lower stage, the low stage then forms a piston head through the transition slope. When the piston in the cylinder reaches the top dead center, the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder sleeve is driven downward by the auxiliary crankshaft to leave the auxiliary crank bottom dead center position, Pushing into the variable volume combustion chamber at an appropriate angle of 75° to 110° in advance, and forming a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn. As the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston is driven to continue downward and through the variable volume combustion. a chamber, the piston head of the auxiliary piston is extended into the cylinder; in the exhausting process, the exhaust gas in the small cylinder can be exhausted, and a scavenging hole controlled by the air supply valve is provided on the outer side of the small cylinder sleeve, and the air supply valve is provided Installed in the valve cavity, and through the subsequent sealing block and the pressure block connected via the tie rod is closed by the spring, the scavenging hole is close to the bottom dead center of the auxiliary crankshaft, when the piston in the cylinder goes to the top dead center The piston ring on the auxiliary piston has moved through the scavenging hole. When the cylinder is exhausted, the unobstructed scavenging hole is controlled by the air supply valve to communicate with the air supply channel connected to the compressor to allow air from the air supply passage. Into the small cylinder liner to squeeze out the exhaust gas; an injector or spark plug is arranged on the cylinder block, and the injector or spark plug is arranged to extend into the small cylinder liner from the top of the top surface of the cylinder block.

In order to achieve better scavenging effect of small cylinders, two scavenging holes controlled by respective air supply valves are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the small cylinder sleeves, and the two air supply valves are arranged close to the two scavenging holes, and the pressure blocks at the outer ends thereof are provided. The valve chambers are arranged at a certain inclination angle and are far apart. Two rocker shafts are respectively disposed between the two pressure blocks of the two air supply valves, and the middle portion and the mounting end of the rocker arms of each air supply valve are forked. After moving over the pull rods of the air supply valve, they are mounted on the respective rocker shafts through the mounting end, and are placed on the pressure blocks of the respective air supply valves with the middle portion, and the driven ends of the two rocker arms are respectively passed through the sides of the small cylinder liner. The push rod is controlled, and the other ends of the two push rods are simultaneously controlled by the two pressing ends of the lower side of the pressing rocker arm on the mounting shaft.

The four-stroke variable-volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine of the present invention is a gasoline engine equipped with a spark plug. In order to allow the fuel-fuel mixture to be easily ignited at different powers, the engine also needs to be provided with a throttle device. In order to eliminate the cut-off pump gas loss generated by the throttle valve, an ignition pit is also provided for the variable-volume combustion chamber, and a cone-shaped ignition pit is formed on the top of the cylinder block exposed in the small cylinder liner, and is mounted on the cylinder block The fuel injector having the fuel injection port extending at the bottom of the ignition pit, the spark plug provided on the cylinder block protrudes from the outer side wall of the ignition pit into the ignition pit, and is sprayed from the injector during the ignition combustion process. The oil mist is sprayed into the ignition range of the spark plug.

Since the auxiliary piston occupies a large cylinder area, in order to obtain a large intake and exhaust valve ventilation section, in the intake valve and exhaust valve arrangement, one of the valves is a large diameter valve, the diameter of which is auxiliary piston Quite close to the auxiliary piston arrangement, the other valve has a smaller diameter and is disposed on both sides between the large diameter valve and the auxiliary piston.

In the variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with the auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston of the above embodiments of the present invention, since the auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner can be pressed downward by the auxiliary crankshaft with an appropriate rotation angle of 25 degrees to 110 degrees in advance. The volumetric combustion chamber and the compression ratio at which the internal combustion engine starts to burn, so that the auxiliary piston can quickly participate in the work of the gas-powered propulsion cylinder in the variable-volume combustion chamber after the start of the work process, thereby eliminating the volume of the combustion chamber. The loss greatly increases the efficiency of the engine. The auxiliary piston is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft, and can also resist the large working gas pressure in the small cylinder combustion chamber. It is simpler in structure than the compression return spring and the cam control auxiliary piston, and is suitable for high-speed operation of the engine. In the variable-volume combustor gasoline engine produced by the auxiliary crankshaft to drive the auxiliary piston, the better atomization and mixing of the fuel and the air can improve the efficiency of the engine and also reduce the pollution in the exhaust gas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A variable-volume combustion chamber four-stroke internal combustion engine with an auxiliary piston according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a two-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a two-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a two-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a transmission gear arrangement diagram of each crankshaft and auxiliary crankshaft of the internal combustion engine in the embodiment of Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a four-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a view showing the arrangement and control mechanism of the air supply valve taken along line B-B of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an ignition pit of a four-stroke variable-volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driven auxiliary piston according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder 21, a piston 22 in a cylinder, and a transmission through a connecting rod 23 and a crankcase 42 are included. Connected crankshaft 24. A gas exchange port 25 is provided at the bottom dead center position of the cylinder 21, and since the scavenging pump 48 is in communication with the gas exchange port 25, the gas exchange port also serves as a scavenging port. A small cylinder liner 26 is provided on the cylinder head 2 above the cylinder 21, an auxiliary piston 31 is mounted in the small cylinder liner, and a variable volume combustion chamber 27 on the lower side is formed by the small cylinder liner 26 and the auxiliary piston 31. The auxiliary piston 31 is drivingly coupled to the auxiliary crankshaft 35 mounted on the upper side of the cylinder head 2 via a link 36. The auxiliary crankshaft 35 rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft 24 in the crankcase 42 and operates in two strokes. The internal combustion engine shown in Fig. 1 is a gasoline engine without a throttle valve, but a spark plug 38 and an injector 39 at the upper position are provided on the side wall of the variable volume combustion chamber 27, from the injector The ejected oil mist can be ignited by the squeezing airflow from the top surface of the piston 22 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 2 toward the spark plug 38 during the work process. In order to prevent the seal ring on the auxiliary piston 31 from being affected by the communication groove 40 between the spark plug and the injector, the seal ring 30 is provided on the inner wall of the small cylinder liner.

When the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 completes the compression process, the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 is also moved by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 to the upper portion of the small cylinder liner, and the lower side of the auxiliary piston forms the variable volume combustion chamber 27, and is burned. Work gas is generated in the chamber volume. When the piston 22 in the cylinder is moved by the work of the gas to start the downward stop direction, the auxiliary piston 31 having the longer head 32 in the small cylinder liner 26 is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft and also moved downward to operate the gas. The press-in cylinder 21 participates in the work until the auxiliary piston 31 is continuously driven into the cylinder 21. The small cylinder liner 26 on the cylinder head 2 is located at a side position above the cylinder 21 for direct air exchange during the two strokes, and one or two ventilations are provided on the cylinder 21 outside the small cylinder liner 26 on the cylinder head. The valve 4 controls the communication or closing of the cylinder 21 with the air passage 41 in the cylinder head 2 by the vent valve 4. Since the air venting port 25 serving as a scavenging port is provided in the cylinder, the vent valve 4 at this time becomes an exhaust valve, and the air passage 41 becomes an exhaust pipe. In order to allow the auxiliary piston to press the working gas in the variable volume combustion chamber 27 into the cylinder 21 as soon as possible after the start of the combustion work process, the auxiliary piston is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 to advance the appropriate angle of 25° to 110°. The piston is pressed down into the variable volume combustion chamber 27. In the first variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine shown in Fig. 1, the auxiliary crankshaft 35 is advanced by 45°. The angle causes the auxiliary piston to be pressed down into the variable volume combustion chamber 27. In FIG. 1, when the piston 22 in the cylinder starts to work on the top dead center, the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 has been driven downward by the auxiliary crankshaft 35, leaving the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center position 45 degrees ahead of time and Forming a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn (because it is a gasoline engine, the compression ratio is within 10:1), and as the combustion work process starts, the auxiliary piston 31 is driven to continue downward, and the work gas is pressed into the cylinder 21 to participate in the work. As the auxiliary piston 31 is continuously driven downward, the head 32 of the auxiliary piston extends through the variable volume combustion chamber into the cylinder 21; when the piston 22 in the cylinder is pushed down to complete the work process, the cylinder is exposed When the scavenging port at the point performs the two-stroke ventilation, the cam 15 is operated to open the vent valve 4 of the exhaust valve.

In the variable volume combustor internal combustion engine of Fig. 1, since the auxiliary piston 31 is pushed until reaching the cylinder 21, the piston 22 in the cylinder is pushed away from the crankshaft by the work gas when the stroke of the auxiliary piston is equal to the cylinder diameter. At a top dead center of 45°, a relative compression ratio of 34:1 can be achieved, and a relative compression ratio of 50:1 can be achieved when the top dead center of the crankshaft is 50°. After the auxiliary piston is completely removed from the variable volume combustion chamber, the volume of the combustion chamber is completely eliminated. After the auxiliary piston moves down to the lowermost position of the two-dot chain line 31' (the top dead center of the auxiliary crankshaft), the efficiency increase is less increased due to the lowering of the work gas pressure in the cylinder, and then the efficiency is increased little. The auxiliary piston is again driven back by the auxiliary crankshaft.

After the cylinder starts the combustion work process, since the auxiliary piston presses the work gas into the cylinder under the condition that the piston is descending, although the high relative compression ratio is achieved, the maximum explosive force of the work gas does not increase. Under the condition that the piston connecting rod is light and the transmission efficiency is high, the working gas in the small cylinder combustion chamber is pushed into the cylinder to expand the work, thereby eliminating the waste volume loss of the small cylinder combustion chamber and greatly improving the efficiency of the engine. The auxiliary piston is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft, and can also resist the large working gas pressure in the small cylinder combustion chamber, and is suitable for the high speed operation of the engine.

2 is a two-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the cylinder 21, the piston 22, the connecting rod 23, and the crankshaft 24 are provided. And the auxiliary piston 31 is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 on the upper side of the cylinder head 2 via the connecting rod 36, and when the piston 22 is wound to the top dead center, the auxiliary piston 31 is urged by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 by an appropriate angle of 25° to 110°. The small cylinder liner 26 and the like are the same as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, except that in the variable volume combustor internal combustion engine shown in Fig. 2, the small cylinder liner 26 on the cylinder head 2 is located above the center position of the cylinder 21. (See Fig. 3), a plurality of evenly distributed venting valves 4 are provided around the small cylinder liner 26, and seven venting valves are provided in Fig. 2, and the venting valves 4 control the air passages in the cylinders 21 and the cylinder head 2 41 communication or closure. Valves for these venting valves The rod 5 extends through the valve conduit on the cylinder head 2 to the cylinder head, and the small cylinder sleeve 26 is provided with an opening collar 9 which can slide up and down. The valve rod 5 of each venting valve 4 is placed on the lower side of the opening sleeve. The bottom of the ring 10. Between the valve stems 5 of the venting valve 4, a return spring 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the retaining ring 10 on the lower side of the opening collar, and on the side of the opening collar 9, a support shaft 19 is mounted on the cylinder head. The fork-shaped rocker arm 16, the outer end of one side of the fork-shaped rocker arm is controlled by the cam 15 on the camshaft 14, and the inner ends of the other side of the fork extend to the top of the retaining ring 10 on the lower side of the opening collar. When the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 goes to the top dead center shown in FIG. 2 to start the combustion work, the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 has been driven 45° ahead of the auxiliary crankshaft 35 to leave the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center position, In order to form a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn. As the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston 31 is driven to continue downward, with its head 32 extending through the variable volume combustion chamber into the cylinder 21. When the piston 22 in the cylinder moves to the bottom dead center for two-stroke ventilation, the cam 15 moves the opening collar 9 downward through the fork-shaped rocker arm 16, and simultaneously presses the lower venting valves 4 to open (not shown). In Fig. 2, each of the vent valves 4 is in a closed state due to the start of the combustion work process.

The two-stroke variable-volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine shown in Fig. 2 is a gasoline engine, and a spark plug 38 and an injector 39 are installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the spark plug and the injector are provided on the cylinder head 2 On one side of the volumetric combustion chamber 27, a spark plug 38 and an injector 39 pass between the two venting valves 4 and are disposed one above the other. In order to allow the oil mist sprayed by the injector to be ignited by the spark plug 38, a gas guide screen 52 is provided on the top surface of the piston 22, and when the piston 22 is wound to the top dead center, the air guide screen having an appropriate height and width is provided. The concave curved surface 53 is located at a position corresponding to the injector 39 on the lower side, at which time the airflow extruded from the top surface of the piston 22 from the bottom surface of the cylinder head 2 also precisely causes the oil mist sprayed from the injector 39 to The upward flow of the air guiding screen 52 to the spark plug 38 is ignited by the shielding flow.

Such a manner of igniting on the piston by providing the air guide screen 52 can also be used in the variable volume combustor internal combustion engine of Fig. 1. When the internal combustion engine of Fig. 1 employs two venting valves 4, the spark plug and the spray are arranged up and down. The oil can pass between the two venting valves. The easiest way to make a diesel engine is to install an injector on the side wall of the combustion chamber.

4 is a second-stroke variable-volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the first and second embodiments, the cylinder 21 and the small cylinder liner in the third embodiment are different. 26 adopts the layout of the T-shaped structure. As shown in FIG. 4, such a variable volume combustor internal combustion engine also includes a cylinder 21, a piston 22 in the cylinder, and a crankshaft 24 connected via a connecting rod 23. A small cylinder liner 26 is provided for the cylinder 21, an auxiliary piston 31 is provided in the small cylinder liner, and a variable volume combustion chamber 27 is formed by the volume of the small cylinder liner 26 and the top of the auxiliary piston 31. Here, the two cylinders 21 are opposed to each other to constitute a horizontal long cylinder 45, and two opposed pistons 22 of the long cylinders And the respective connecting rods 23 are drivingly coupled to respective crankshafts 24 in the crankcase 42 at both ends of the long cylinder. An intake port 46 and a scavenging port 47 are respectively disposed at the bottom dead center positions of the opposed pistons in the long cylinder 45 to perform a two-stroke DC ventilation process after the work process. The small cylinder liner 26 is disposed on one side of the elongated cylinder 45 at an intermediate position of the top dead center of the two opposed pistons 22 in the long cylinder and disposed vertically with the long cylinder. The auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 is drivingly coupled to the auxiliary crankshaft 35 in the secondary crankcase 49 via a connecting rod 36. The auxiliary piston 31 is drivingly coupled to the auxiliary crankshaft 35 of the sub crankcase 49 via the link 36, and the auxiliary crankshaft 35 and the crankshaft 24 are rotated at the same speed.

When the two opposing pistons 22 are wound to the top dead center to complete the compression process, the two opposing pistons have compressed the intermediate compressed air into the small cylinder liner 26, and the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner is also driven by the auxiliary crankshaft 35. The bottom dead center position leaving the auxiliary crankshaft is pressed into the variable volume combustion chamber 27 at an appropriate rotation angle of 25 to 110 degrees in advance, and a compression ratio at the time when the internal combustion engine starts to burn is formed. The auxiliary piston 31 in Fig. 4 is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft 35, and is pressed into the variable volume combustion chamber 27 at a bottom dead center which is 85° apart from the auxiliary crankshaft. After the start of the combustion work process, the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft to push the work gas out of the small cylinder to participate in the work. As the auxiliary piston 31 is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft, the longer head of the auxiliary piston 32 extends through the variable volume combustion chamber into the long cylinder 45, at which time the pistons 22 on both sides of the long cylinder are also separated from each other by a certain distance and do not collide with the auxiliary piston head that projects.

The variable volume combustor internal combustion engine of Figure 4 has three different crankshafts, and the gearing arrangement between the crankshafts is shown in Figure 5, with the crankshaft 24 on both sides of the crankcase on both sides and the auxiliary crankshaft 35 between the sides of the two crankshafts. The same end is mounted with the same crankshaft gear 55, wherein the auxiliary crankshaft 35 is in meshing engagement with a crankshaft gear 55 on one side of the crankshaft 24 via a larger intermediate gear 56. The intermediate gear 56 is again the same diameter as the crankshaft gear. The intermediate auxiliary gear 57, which is the same as the intermediate gear, is in driving engagement with the crank gear 55 on the other side crankshaft 24. After this arrangement, the crankshafts 24 on both sides have the same rotational speed but the opposite directions, and also because the two pistons 22 are arranged in a moving manner, the unbalanced vibration force of the engine is small. Such a variable volume combustor internal combustion engine having two output crankshafts can be used on ships of twin propeller aircraft, drones and dual propulsion wheels.

6 is a four-stroke variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine using an auxiliary crankshaft-assisted auxiliary piston, including a cylinder 21 with intake and exhaust valves, a piston 22 in a cylinder, and a connecting rod 23 and a crankcase, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The crankshaft 24 connected to the transmission in 42 is provided with a small cylinder liner 26 on the cylinder head 2 above the cylinder 21, and an auxiliary piston 31 is arranged in the small cylinder liner, and the lower side is variable by the small cylinder liner 26 and the auxiliary piston 31. Volumetric combustion chamber 27. The auxiliary piston 31 is drivingly coupled to the auxiliary crankshaft 35 mounted on the upper side of the cylinder head 2 via the connecting rod 36, and assists the crankshaft 35 and the crankshaft 24 in the crankcase 42. The speed is the same and runs on four strokes (see Figure 8). Here, the small cylinder liner 26 is at a position partially offset from the upper portion of the cylinder 21, so that the top surface of the cylinder block 63 forms the exposed top table 64 and is located within the range of the small cylinder liner 26 at the top of the auxiliary piston 31. A lower stage 29 is formed that avoids impingement on the cylinder block top 64, which in turn forms a piston head 34 via a transition ramp. An injector or spark plug is provided on the cylinder block, and an injector or spark plug is provided to extend into the small cylinder liner from the top 64 of the top surface of the cylinder block 63. The internal combustion engine of Fig. 6 is constructed as a gasoline engine, and a spark plug 38 projecting from the top table 64 is mounted on the cylinder block 63. When the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 travels to the top dead center, the auxiliary piston 31 in the small cylinder liner 26 has been driven downward by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 away from the auxiliary crank bottom dead center position, with an appropriate rotation angle of 75° to 110° ahead. The variable volume combustion chamber 27 is pressed into and forms a compression ratio at which the internal combustion engine starts to burn. In Fig. 6, the auxiliary piston 31 is driven 85° forward by the auxiliary crankshaft 35 to the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center and is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion chamber 27. Since it is a gasoline engine, the compression ratio is now 10:1. . After the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 is lined to the top dead center, the spark plug 38 will ignite the fuel mixture entering the variable volume combustion chamber 27 to form a working gas for the combustion work process. In the auxiliary crankshaft fuel-saving internal combustion engine, when the piston travels to the top dead center, it is not the optimal ignition timing, because the auxiliary piston is rapidly descending and the engine is still in the compression process. Only after the piston has a 20 degree crank angle, the total volume of the small cylinder combustion chamber and the cylinder begins to increase. At this moment of ignition (or proper pre-ignition), no more compression work is consumed. Since the piston moves off after the top dead center and the combustion chamber is also divided into two parts, the auxiliary crankshaft fuel-saving internal combustion engine is not suitable for the diesel engine, and is only suitable for the gasoline engine and the gas engine which are ignited by the spark plug. To adapt to the shape of the combustion chamber at this time and the rapid combustion of the mixture. As the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston 31 is driven to continue downward, passing through the variable volume combustion chamber, and the piston head 34 of the auxiliary piston is extended into the cylinder 21 to rapidly press the working gas in the small cylinder liner. The cylinder expands to obtain more output power, which greatly improves the efficiency of the engine.

When the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 is driven by the crankshaft 24 in the crankcase away from the top dead center 50° crank angle, the auxiliary piston 31 continues to descend due to the auxiliary crankshaft 35 leaving the bottom dead center 135°. The volume has become very small (as shown in Fig. 8), and the relative compression ratio formed at this time can reach 70:1 to 80:1, since the auxiliary piston 31 is operated after the piston 22 in the cylinder descends. When the gas is pressed into the cylinder, the gas pressure in the cylinder does not rise, but the pressure drop due to the work gas is small, much higher than that of the general internal combustion engine, thereby increasing the driving force for the piston 22. Under the condition of a large auxiliary crankshaft advance angle (85 degrees to 110 degrees), the distance from the head 34 of the auxiliary piston into the cylinder is also reduced, and the auxiliary piston head can be correspondingly reduced. The height of 34.

In the exhaust process, in order to discharge the exhaust gas in the small cylinder, a scavenging hole 67 controlled by the air supply valve 70 is disposed outside the small cylinder liner 26, and the air supply valve 70 is installed in the valve chamber 65 (refer to the figure). 7), and the subsequent sealing block 69 and the pressing block 71 connected via the tie rod 68 are actuated by the spring 51 in a closed state. The scavenging hole 67 is at a position close to the bottom dead center of the auxiliary crankshaft 35. When the piston 22 in the cylinder 21 goes to the top dead center, the piston ring 33 on the auxiliary piston 31 has moved through the scavenging hole 67 (as shown in the state of FIG. 6). Show). When the cylinder 21 performs the exhausting process, the unobstructed scavenging hole is controlled by the air supply valve 70 to communicate with the air supply passage 43 connected to the compressor, and the air from the air supply passage enters the small cylinder liner 26 to exhaust the exhaust gas therein. .

In order to achieve a better scavenging effect of the small cylinder and prevent the piston ring on the auxiliary piston from being caught by the scavenging hole, as shown in FIG. 7, the outer side of the small cylinder sleeve 26 is respectively provided to be controlled by the respective air supply valve 70. The two air vents 67 are arranged close to each other, and the pressure blocks 71 at the outer ends thereof are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the valve chamber 65, and are respectively disposed between the two pressure blocks 71 of the two air supply valves. Two rocker shafts 79, the middle portion and the mounting end of the rocker arm 80 of each air supply valve are in a forked structure, and are mounted on the respective rocker shafts 79 through the mounting end after being moved over the pull rod 68 of the air supply valve 70, and used The middle portion is on the pressure block 71 of the respective air supply valve, and the driven ends 81 of the two rocker arms 80 are respectively controlled by the push rods 62 which are passed from both sides of the small cylinder liner 26, and the other ends of the two push rods are again mounted on the shaft 84. The two pressing ends 83 of the lower side of the pressing rocker arm 82 are simultaneously controlled. The air supply valve 70 in Fig. 7 is in a closed state by the action of the spring.

The four-stroke variable-volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine of the present invention shown in Fig. 6 is a gasoline engine equipped with a spark plug. To allow the fuel-fuel mixture to be easily ignited at different powers, the engine also needs to be provided with a throttle device. In order to eliminate the cut-off pump gas loss generated by the throttle valve, a variable-volume combustor internal combustion engine provided with an ignition pocket for the variable-volume combustion chamber is shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 8, a tapered ignition recess 37 is formed in the top table 64 of the cylinder block 63 which is exposed in the small cylinder liner 26. The cylinder block 63 is provided with a fuel injection port extending at the bottom of the ignition pocket 37. The injector 39, the spark plug 38 provided on the cylinder block extends from the outer side wall of the ignition pit into the ignition pit, and the oil mist sprayed from the injector is injected into the ignition of the spark plug during the ignition combustion process. Within the scope.

Since the auxiliary piston occupies a large cylinder area, in order to obtain a large intake and exhaust valve ventilation section, in the arrangement of the intake valve 73 and the exhaust valve 75, one of the valves is a large diameter valve whose diameter is The auxiliary piston 31 is relatively close to the auxiliary piston arrangement, and the other valve has a smaller diameter and is disposed on both sides (not shown) between the large diameter valve and the auxiliary piston.

Claims

A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving an auxiliary piston, comprising a cylinder (21), a piston (22) in the cylinder, and a crankshaft (24) connected to the crankcase (42) via a connecting rod (23) a gas exchange port (25) is provided at a bottom dead center position of the cylinder (21), and a small cylinder liner (26) is disposed on the cylinder head (2) above the cylinder (21), and is installed in the small cylinder liner The auxiliary piston (31) is composed of a small cylinder liner (26) and an auxiliary piston (31) forming a variable volume combustion chamber (27) on the lower side, and an auxiliary piston (31) is mounted on the cylinder head through the connecting rod (36) (2) The upper auxiliary crankshaft (35) is connected in transmission, the auxiliary crankshaft (35) and the crankshaft (24) in the crankcase (42) rotate at the same speed and operate in two strokes, when the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) is compressed. During the process, the auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner (26) is also moved by the auxiliary crankshaft (35) to the upper part of the small cylinder liner, and the lower side of the auxiliary piston forms a variable volume combustion chamber, and is generated in the combustion chamber volume. Working gas, the auxiliary piston (31) having a longer head (32) in the small cylinder liner (26) when the piston (22) in the cylinder is moved in the downward direction by the work of the gas. Auxiliary crankshaft belt The movement also moves downward to press the work gas into the cylinder (21) to participate in the work until the auxiliary piston (31) is continuously driven into the cylinder (21), which is characterized by: a small cylinder liner on the cylinder head (2) (26) Located at a side position above the cylinder (21), one or two venting valves (4) are provided on the cylinder (21) outside the small cylinder liner (26) on the cylinder head, and the venting valve (4) Controlling the communication or closing of the cylinder (21) with the air passage (41) in the cylinder head (2); when the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) starts to burn to the top dead center, the small cylinder liner ( The auxiliary piston (31) in 26) has been driven away from the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center by the auxiliary crankshaft (35), and is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion chamber (27) at an appropriate rotation angle of 25° to 110°, and forms an internal combustion engine. The compression ratio at the beginning of combustion, as the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston (31) is driven to continue downward, allowing its head (32) to extend through the variable volume combustion chamber into the cylinder (21); When the piston (22) moves to the bottom dead center for two-stroke ventilation, the cam (15) drives the vent valve (4) to open.
The variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driven auxiliary piston according to claim 1, wherein a variable volume combustion chamber (27) on the cylinder head (2) is formed when the spark plug is ignited by the internal combustion engine On the side, there is a spark plug (38) and a fuel injector (39) disposed between the two venting valves (4), and a gas guiding screen (52) is provided on the top surface of the piston (22). When the piston (22) travels to the top dead center, the concave arc surface (53) of the air guide screen having an appropriate height and width is just at the position corresponding to the injector (39) on the lower side, at this time from the cylinder head ( 2) The airflow extruded from the top surface of the piston (22) is also just the gas mist sprayed from the injector (39). The upward flow of the screen (52) to the spark plug (38) is ignited by the occlusion.
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving an auxiliary piston, comprising a cylinder (21), a piston (22) in the cylinder, and a crankshaft (24) connected to the crankcase (42) via a connecting rod (23) a gas exchange port (25) is provided at a bottom dead center position of the cylinder (21), and a small cylinder liner (26) is disposed on the cylinder head (2) above the cylinder (21), and is installed in the small cylinder liner The auxiliary piston (31) is composed of a small cylinder liner (26) and an auxiliary piston (31) forming a variable volume combustion chamber (27) on the lower side, and an auxiliary piston (31) is mounted on the cylinder head through the connecting rod (36) (2) The upper auxiliary crankshaft (35) is connected in transmission, the auxiliary crankshaft (35) and the crankshaft (24) in the crankcase (42) rotate at the same speed and operate in two strokes, when the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) is compressed. During the process, the auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner (26) is also moved by the auxiliary crankshaft (35) to the upper part of the small cylinder liner, and the lower side of the auxiliary piston forms a variable volume combustion chamber, and is generated in the combustion chamber volume. Working gas, the auxiliary piston (31) having a longer head (32) in the small cylinder liner (26) when the piston (22) in the cylinder is moved in the downward direction by the work of the gas. Auxiliary crankshaft belt The movement also moves downward to press the work gas into the cylinder (21) to participate in the work until the auxiliary piston (31) is continuously driven into the cylinder (21), which is characterized by: a small cylinder liner on the cylinder head (2) (26) Located above the center position of the cylinder (21), a plurality of evenly distributed venting valves (4) are arranged around the small cylinder liner (26), and the cylinder (21) and the cylinder head are controlled by the venting valve (4) ( 2) Communicate or close the inner air passages (41). The valve stems (5) of these air venting valves extend through the valve conduits (8) on the cylinder head (2) to the cylinder head and are mounted on the small cylinder liner (26). There is an opening collar (9) which can slide up and down, and the valve rod (5) of each ventilation valve (4) is placed on the bottom surface of the retaining ring (10) on the lower side of the opening sleeve, and the valve rods of the ventilation valve (4) ( 5) A return spring (13) is provided between the bottom surface of the retaining ring (10) on the lower side of the opening sleeve, and a support shaft (19) mounted on the cylinder head is provided on the side of the opening collar (9). The upper fork rocker arm (16), one side outer end of the fork rocker arm is controlled by a cam (15) on the cam shaft (14), and the other inner ends of the other side of the fork extend to the lower side of the opening ring sleeve Above the retaining ring (10); when the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) starts to burn at the top dead center, the small steam The auxiliary piston (31) in the cylinder liner (26) has been driven away from the auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center by the auxiliary crankshaft (35), and is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion chamber (27) at an appropriate angle of 25° to 110°. And forming a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn, as the combustion work process begins, the auxiliary piston (31) is driven to continue downward, and the head (32) is passed through the variable volume combustion chamber into the cylinder (21); When the piston (22) in the cylinder moves to the bottom dead center for two-stroke ventilation, the cam (15) moves the opening sleeve (9) downward through the fork-shaped rocker arm (16), and simultaneously presses the respective ventilation below. The valve (4) is open.
The variable volume combustion of the auxiliary piston driven by the auxiliary crankshaft according to claim 3 a chamber internal combustion engine characterized in that, when a spark plug is used to ignite an internal combustion engine, a variable volume combustion chamber (27) on the cylinder head (2) is provided with a passage between the two venting valves (4) The spark plug (38) and the injector (39) are provided, and a gas guide screen (52) is arranged on the top surface of the piston (22), and the guide tube has an appropriate height and width when the piston (22) reaches the top dead center. The concave curved surface (53) of the gas screen is just at the position corresponding to the injector (39) on the lower side, and the airflow extruded from the top surface of the piston (22) from the bottom surface of the cylinder head (2) is also just right. The oil mist sprayed by the injector (39) flows upward toward the spark plug (38) under the shielding flow of the air guiding screen (52) to be ignited.
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving an auxiliary piston, comprising a cylinder (21), a piston (22) in a cylinder, and a crankshaft (24) connected via a connecting rod (23), and is provided for the cylinder (21) The small cylinder liner (26) is provided with an auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner, and the volume of the top of the small cylinder sleeve (26) and the auxiliary piston (31) constitutes a variable volume combustion chamber (27), and the auxiliary piston (31) ) is connected to the auxiliary crankshaft (35) via a connecting rod (36). The auxiliary crankshaft (35) rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft (24) and operates in two strokes. When the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) completes the compression process, The auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner (26) is also driven by the auxiliary crankshaft (35) to move to the outside of the small cylinder liner to form a variable volume combustion chamber, and to generate work gas in the combustion chamber volume, when the piston in the cylinder (22) When the work gas push action starts to move to the bottom dead center direction, the auxiliary piston (31) having the longer head in the small cylinder liner (26) is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft and also moves downward to work the gas. Pressing into the cylinder (21) participates in the work until the auxiliary piston (31) is continuously driven into the cylinder (21), characterized in that it is opposed by two cylinders (21) The growth cylinder (45), the two opposed pistons (22) and the respective connecting rods (23) are connected to the respective crankshafts (24) in the crankcases (42) at both ends of the long cylinders, in the long cylinders ( 45) An air inlet (46) and a scavenging port (47) are respectively disposed at bottom dead center positions of the opposite pistons, and the small cylinder liner (26) is disposed on one side of the long cylinder (45). Located in the middle of the top dead center of the two opposed pistons (22) in the long cylinder, and arranged vertically with the long cylinder, the auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner (26) passes through the connecting rod (36) and the vice The auxiliary crankshaft (35) in the crankcase (49) is connected by transmission; when the two opposite pistons (22) go to the top dead center, the auxiliary piston (31) in the small cylinder liner (26) has been assisted by the crankshaft (35). ) driving away from the bottom dead center position of the auxiliary crankshaft, pressing into the variable volume combustion chamber (27) with an appropriate rotation angle of 25° to 110° ahead of time, and forming a compression ratio when the internal combustion engine starts to burn, after the start of the combustion work process, small The auxiliary piston (31) in the cylinder liner (26) is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft to push the work gas out of the small cylinder to participate in the work. As the auxiliary piston (31) is driven by the auxiliary crankshaft, the head of the auxiliary piston (3) 2) Extend into the long cylinder (45) through the variable volume combustion chamber.
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driven auxiliary piston according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary crankshaft (35) between the crankshafts (24) on both sides of the crankcases on both sides and the sides of the two crankshafts The same crankshaft gear (55) is mounted on the same end, wherein the auxiliary crankshaft (35) is in meshing engagement with a crankshaft gear (55) on one side crankshaft (24) via a larger diameter intermediate gear (56), the intermediate gear (56) The intermediate auxiliary gear (57) having the same diameter as the crank gear or the same as the intermediate gear is in driving engagement with the crank gear (55) on the other side crankshaft (24).
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving an auxiliary piston, comprising a cylinder (21) with an intake and exhaust valve, a piston (22) in a cylinder, and a connecting rod (23) and a crankcase (42) The crankshaft (24) connected to the drive is provided with a small cylinder sleeve (26) on the cylinder head (2) above the cylinder (21), and an auxiliary piston (31) is mounted in the small cylinder liner, and the small cylinder sleeve (26) And the auxiliary piston (31) constitutes a variable volume combustion chamber (27) on the lower side, and the auxiliary piston (31) is connected to the auxiliary crankshaft (35) mounted on the upper side of the cylinder head (2) via a connecting rod (36), assisting The crankshaft (35) rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft (24) in the crankcase (42) and operates in four strokes, characterized in that the small cylinder liner (26) is located at a side of the upper portion of the partial cylinder (21). The top surface of the cylinder block (63) is formed with an exposed top table (64) and is located within the range of the small cylinder liner (26), and a top portion of the auxiliary piston (31) is formed to avoid collision with the cylinder block top (64). a low stage (29), which in turn forms a piston head (34) via a transitional ramp, and an auxiliary piston in the small cylinder liner (26) when the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) travels to top dead center ( 31) has been driven down by the auxiliary crankshaft (35) The auxiliary crankshaft bottom dead center position is pressed downward into the variable volume combustion chamber (27) at an appropriate rotation angle of 75° to 110°, and the compression ratio at the start of combustion of the internal combustion engine is formed, and the auxiliary piston is started as the combustion work process starts. (31) is driven to continue down, through the variable volume combustion chamber, the piston head (34) of the auxiliary piston is extended into the cylinder (21); and the air supply valve (70) is provided outside the small cylinder liner (26) The controlled scavenging hole (67), the air supply valve (70) is installed in the valve chamber (65), and is spring-loaded by the subsequent sealing block (69) and the pressing block (71) connected via the tie rod (68). 51) The action is in the closed state, and the scavenging hole is located near the bottom dead center of the auxiliary crankshaft (35). When the piston (22) in the cylinder (21) reaches the top dead center, the piston ring on the auxiliary piston (31) (33) has moved past the scavenging hole (67), and when the cylinder (21) performs the exhausting process, the unobstructed scavenging hole is opened by the air supply valve (70) and communicates with the air supply passage (43) connected to the compressor. , the air from the air supply passage enters the small cylinder liner (26) to exhaust the exhaust gas therein; the injector body is provided with an injector or a spark plug, and the injector or spark plug is provided from the top surface of the cylinder block (63) top At (64) extends into a small cylinder liner.
The variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driving auxiliary piston according to claim 7, wherein two outer sides of the small cylinder liner (26) are respectively provided with respective gas supply valves (70). Sweeping hole (67), two gas supply valves are arranged close to the two scavenging holes, and the outer end of the pressure block (71) is arranged at a certain inclination angle with the valve chamber (65) and is far apart, in the two gas supply valves Two rocker shafts (79) are respectively arranged between the pressure blocks (71), and the middle portion and the mounting end of the rocker arms (80) of each air supply valve are in a forked structure, and the tie rods are moved over the air supply valve (70) (68) are then mounted on the respective rocker shafts (79) through the mounting end, and are placed on the press blocks (71) of the respective air supply valves with the middle portion, and the driven ends (81) of the two rocker arms (80) are respectively Controlled by a push rod (62) passing through both sides of the small cylinder liner (26), the other end of the two push rods is again fitted by two pressing ends of the lower side of the pressing rocker arm (82) on the mounting shaft (84) (83) ) Simultaneous control.
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine with an auxiliary crankshaft driven auxiliary piston according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it is formed on a top table (64) of the cylinder block (63) exposed in the small cylinder liner (26). There is a tapered ignition pit (37), and a fuel injector (39) whose fuel injection port extends to the bottom of the ignition pit (37) is mounted on the cylinder block (63), and a spark plug is arranged on the cylinder block (38). The ignition pit is protruded from the outer side wall of the ignition pit, and the oil mist ejected from the injector is injected into the ignition range of the spark plug during the ignition combustion process.
A variable volume combustor internal combustion engine for driving an auxiliary piston with an auxiliary crankshaft according to claim 7 or 8, wherein one of the intake and exhaust valves (73, 75) is a large diameter valve having a diameter It is equivalent to the auxiliary piston (31) and close to the auxiliary piston arrangement, and the other valve has a smaller diameter and is disposed on both sides between the large diameter valve and the auxiliary piston.