WO2015113853A1 - Battery module - Google Patents

Battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015113853A1
WO2015113853A1 PCT/EP2015/050925 EP2015050925W WO2015113853A1 WO 2015113853 A1 WO2015113853 A1 WO 2015113853A1 EP 2015050925 W EP2015050925 W EP 2015050925W WO 2015113853 A1 WO2015113853 A1 WO 2015113853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support structure
battery module
housing
battery
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/050925
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Kores
Martin Michelitsch
Harald Stuetz
Oliver UREM
Original Assignee
Avl List Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Publication of WO2015113853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015113853A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/278—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/298—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the wiring of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery module having at least one battery cell, preferably a plurality of battery cells, wherein a support structure for receiving the battery cell and / or the battery module is provided.
  • the rechargeable batteries used in particular in the automotive industry usually consist of a large number of battery cells, which are combined in cell stacks and connected to one another. These cell stacks are usually housed in a component or housing, which serves for the mechanical protection and recording of the cell stack, and thus form a battery module, wherein a plurality of power terminals for contacting the individual cell poles of the battery cells are required.
  • a component or housing which serves for the mechanical protection and recording of the cell stack, and thus form a battery module, wherein a plurality of power terminals for contacting the individual cell poles of the battery cells are required.
  • reinforcing elements have been known in the prior art, which are arranged in particular in the housing wall. These stiffening elements are made for example of the same material as the housing, and formed for example as stiffening ribs. Likewise, additional stiffening elements may be made of a different material in the component wall itself or on the component. However, this represents an additional material and thus cost in the production of the battery case.
  • the support structure is electrically conductive.
  • the support structure not only serves the mechanical stabilization of the battery module, but is also suitable for conducting electrical power and having at least two power connection elements.
  • the battery module according to the invention in the production or handling of the prior art is superior, because structurally supporting functions as well as current-carrying properties are combined in one element by the support structure according to the invention.
  • the support structure has a plurality of stiffening elements, which are formed substantially strand-shaped, and are preferably arranged substantially parallel or at right angles to each other. This arrangement provides a particularly improved stability of the battery module, at the same time the contact of the individual electrically conductive stiffening elements is simplified with power connector elements.
  • the support structure according to the invention in a simple manner, for example as an extruded profile with preferably substantially I, T, L or U-shaped cross-section or as a tubular profile with a substantially circular, elliptical or polygonal cross-section or be executed as a cast part.
  • This arrangement of stiffening elements to a support structure can be produced in large quantities in a cost-effective manner.
  • the support structure is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • This material has the advantage that it has a sufficient for the operation of the battery conductivity, but at the same time only a low weight. In particular, weight savings are often an issue in rechargeable batteries to be used in vehicle drive systems.
  • At least one of the two with the support structure connected power connector elements from outside the battery module (200) is accessible. This allows easy connection of the battery module to its environment, for example to electrical components of a vehicle.
  • At least one stiffening element can be available as an electrical line for electrical or electronic components outside the component, without having to carry around one or more cables around the battery as usual. This also simplifies the wiring in the battery, for example in a vehicle.
  • This insulation can be applied for example by means of encapsulation, lathering, coating, shrinking, gluing, pouring, wrapping, folding or coating.
  • insulation material all known in this context, plastics and other non-conductive materials are suitable. For safety reasons should be strived for a continuous electrical insulation, which is broken only at the power terminals.
  • the support structure is formed as an integral part of a housing of the battery module.
  • the support structure gives the structure in this way additional stability.
  • the housing is preferably made of an insulating material, so that an additional insulation of the support structure is not necessary in this embodiment.
  • the need for insulation of the electrically conductive support structure is eliminated even if the support structure is arranged in a foam structure.
  • the foam structure here is either part of the battery module, for example in the case of foamed battery cells or directly forms the housing of the battery module, so that no additional housing made of a rigid material such as plastic for the battery module is needed.
  • the invention further relates to a housing for receiving at least one battery cell or a battery module having at least two, preferably a plurality of battery cells, wherein the housing has an electrically conductive support structure as stated above.
  • the support structure can be releasably or permanently attached to the surface, in particular on the inside of the housing.
  • the support structure is formed as an integral part of the housing.
  • the housing which can have any conceivable shape which is suitable for accommodating a battery cell or a battery cell stack or stack, namely a battery module, it is introduced into the material of the housing, in particular injected or cast.
  • the support structure or the at least one stiffening element is integrated directly in the housing and isolated by the material of the housing itself. At the points of electrical contact the support structure is free.
  • Such a composite is produced, for example, by laminating the support structure or its stiffening elements in an electrically insulating fiber composite material or by injecting / pouring the support structure into a plastic.
  • the support structure may in this case be completely received within the housing or partially protrude from this.
  • the protruding areas can in turn serve as a support structure and / or the power supply of other components.
  • a first housing part and at least a second housing part are provided, wherein the electrically conductive support structure in the first housing part and / or in the second housing part. is arranged part, and the two housing parts are releasably or permanently connected to each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a housing part according to the invention with stiffening elements of the support structure
  • FIG. 1 Figs. 2 and 3 detailed views of the stiffening elements of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through a battery module, which is supported by a support structure with four stiffening elements
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show a schematic side view of a battery arrangement on a carrying structure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view through a foamed battery module
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the battery module of Fig. 7, and
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the battery module of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a housing part 10 in which a support structure 100 with a plurality of stiffening elements 110 is arranged. These stiffening elements 110 are substantially parallel and bundled at right angles to each other and are fixed in position within the housing part 10 via fastening elements 120, which are designed in the present embodiment of the invention in a clamp-like manner.
  • Each stiffening element 110 is assigned at least one power connection element 130, 131, wherein the stiffening elements 110 in this embodiment of the invention are arranged entirely within the housing part 10. Some of the stiffening elements 110 have power connection elements 130 which are arranged inside the housing part 10, while a further group of power connection elements 131 are arranged on the outside of the housing part 10 and penetrate through this in order to make a conductive connection with the associated stiffening elements 110.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail view of a stiffening element 110 from FIG. 1 shown. It consists of a hollow profile 111 made of aluminum, which has a substantially rectangular cross-section. On this hollow section 111, an insulation 112 is applied, for example, a plastic sheath which prevents electrical flashovers to adjacent stiffening elements 110 or other components made of electrically conductive materials.
  • each stiffening element 110 has an electrically conductive connection element 113 which is inserted into the hollow profile 111 and thus in contact therewith. With a defined geometry on the connection element 113, the power connection elements 130, 131 are connected. Cover caps 114 of an electrically insulating material such as plastic cover the terminal 113 and the end of the stiffener 110 to provide protection against inadvertent contact with the electrically conductive parts. Free from isolation remains only that geometry of the connection element 113, which corresponds to the power connector element 130, 131.
  • FIG. 4 a further embodiment of the invention is shown in greatly simplified form, in which a battery module 200 is arranged on a support structure 100 consisting of four stiffening elements 110.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of the arrangement of a battery 300 with three battery modules 200, which are arranged in a battery housing 301.
  • the support structure 100 according to the invention penetrates the battery housing 301, wherein the weight of the battery modules 200 is received by the support structure 100, while at the same time the electrical energy delivered by the battery modules 200 or supplied to the battery modules 200 in the charging cycle is discharged via the support structure 100 ,
  • external components such as an electric motor 400 or an inverter 401 are arranged on the support structure 100 and are in an electrically conductive connection with it.
  • the need for cable connections can be significantly reduced in this way.
  • special attention must be paid to the insulation of the support structure 100 in order to prevent short circuits.
  • the support structure according to the invention 100 connects a range extender unit 410, consisting of a range extender generator 411 and the range extender 412 and an inverter 401, electrically conductive with an electric drive unit consisting of the battery 300, the electric motor 400 and the inverter 401.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross section through a foamed battery module 200. All components are assembled here and then foamed together in a foaming mold. A separate module housing is not required here.
  • the battery cells 210 which are usually in the form of a cell stack, are accommodated in one or more cell frames 211.
  • These cell frames 211 have connecting elements 212, for example tabs, which allow a mechanical connection with the stiffening elements 110 of the support structure 100, wherein the connecting elements 212 are made of an electrically non-conductive material.
  • the connection takes place for example by means of gluing, screwing, clipping or riveting.
  • the cell poles 213 of the first and the last battery cell 210 are electrically connected to the stiffening elements 110.
  • This electrically conductive connection can be effected in particular by means of bus bar 140 or cable connection 150.
  • the entire assembly is surrounded by hardened foam 220.
  • the conductive stiffener 110 of the support structure 100 protrudes from the foamed battery module 200 and is simultaneously used as a load-bearing weight-absorbing member as well as a module electrical outlet 230.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
  • the support structure according to the invention can be designed differently, in particular number, shape and arrangement of the stiffening elements vary, as well as the position and arrangement of the support structure itself can be adapted to the various requirements. It is essential to the invention that the carrying structure serves not only for weight absorption but also for the electrical line.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (200) with at least one battery cell (210), preferably a plurality of battery cells (210). A carrier structure (100) which is electrically conductive and which comprises at least two power connection elements (130) is provided.

Description

Batteriemodul  battery module
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriemodul mit zumindest einer Batteriezelle, vorzugsweise einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen, wobei eine Tragestruktur zur Aufnahme der Batteriezelle und/oder des Batteriemoduls vorgesehen ist. The invention relates to a battery module having at least one battery cell, preferably a plurality of battery cells, wherein a support structure for receiving the battery cell and / or the battery module is provided.
Die insbesondere in der Automobilindustrie zum Einsatz kommenden wiederauflad- baren Batterien bestehen üblicherweise aus einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen, die in Zellstapel zusammengefasst und miteinander verschaltet sind . Diese Zellstapel sind üblicherweise in einem Bauteil oder Gehäuse untergebracht, das dem mechanischen Schutz und der Aufnahme des Zellstapels dient, und bilden auf diese Weise ein Batteriemodul, wobei eine Vielzahl von Stromanschlüssen zur Kontaktierung der einzelnen Zellpole der Batteriezellen erforderlich sind . Aus Bauraumgründen ist es oft erforderlich, örtlich nicht unmittelbar benachbarte Komponenten innerhalb der Batterie, die aus zumindest einem Batteriemodul besteht, oder auch Komponenten im Fahrzeug, wie beispielsweise Batterie, Inverter, oder Elektromotor über lange Kabelleitungen elektrisch miteinander zu verbinden. Diese Verkabelung ist oft teuer und bringt auch zusätzliches Gewicht mit sich. The rechargeable batteries used in particular in the automotive industry usually consist of a large number of battery cells, which are combined in cell stacks and connected to one another. These cell stacks are usually housed in a component or housing, which serves for the mechanical protection and recording of the cell stack, and thus form a battery module, wherein a plurality of power terminals for contacting the individual cell poles of the battery cells are required. For reasons of space, it is often necessary to connect locally not directly adjacent components within the battery, which consists of at least one battery module, or components in the vehicle, such as battery, inverter, or electric motor via long cable lines to each other electrically. This wiring is often expensive and also brings extra weight.
Um die mechanische Stabilität des Gehäuses der Batterie weiter zu verbessern, sind im Stand der Technik Verstärkungselemente bekannt geworden, die insbesondere in der Gehäusewand angeordnet sind. Diese Versteifungselemente sind zum Beispiel aus dem gleichen Material wie das Gehäuse gefertigt, und beispielsweise als Versteifungsrippen ausgebildet. Ebenso können zusätzliche Versteifungselemente aus einem anderen Material in der Bauteilwand selbst oder an dem Bauteil angebracht sein. Dies stellt jedoch bei der Fertigung des Batteriegehäuses einen zusätzlichen Material- und damit Kostenaufwand dar. In order to further improve the mechanical stability of the housing of the battery, reinforcing elements have been known in the prior art, which are arranged in particular in the housing wall. These stiffening elements are made for example of the same material as the housing, and formed for example as stiffening ribs. Likewise, additional stiffening elements may be made of a different material in the component wall itself or on the component. However, this represents an additional material and thus cost in the production of the battery case.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein verbessertes Batteriemodul mit einer Tragestruktur zur Aufnahme zumindest einer Batteriezelle zur Verfügung zu stellen, das auf einfache Weise kostengünstig herstellbar ist. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved battery module with a support structure for receiving at least one battery cell available, which is inexpensive to produce in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Tragestruktur elektrisch leitend ausgebildet ist. Damit dient die Tragestruktur nicht nur der mechanischen Stabilisierung des Batteriemoduls, sondern ist auch zur Leitung von elektrischem Strom geeignet und zumindest zwei Stromanschlusselemente aufweist. Damit ist das erfindungsgemäße Batteriemodul in der Fertigung bzw. Handhabung dem Stand der Technik überlegen, weil durch die erfindungsgemäße Tragestruktur strukturell tragende Funktionen als auch stromführende Eigenschaften in einem Element vereint sind . Hierbei ist besonders bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Tragestruktur eine Vielzahl von Versteifungselementen aufweist, die im Wesentlichen strangförmig ausgebildet sind, und bevorzugterweise im Wesentlichen parallel oder rechtwinkelig zueinander angeordnet sind. Diese Anordnung liefert eine besonders verbesserte Stabilität des Batteriemoduls, gleichzeitig wird die Kontaktierung der einzelnen elektrisch leitenden Versteifungselemente mit Stromanschlusselementen vereinfacht. Somit kann die erfindungsgemäße Tragestruktur auf einfache Weise, beispielsweise als extru- diertes Profil mit vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen I-, T-, L- oder U-förmigem Querschnitt oder als Rohrprofil mit im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen, elliptischen oder polygonalen Querschnitt oder als Gussteil ausgeführt sein. Diese Anordnung von Versteifungselementen zu einer Tragestruktur lässt sich auf kostengünstige Weise in großen Mengen herstellen. This object is achieved in that the support structure is electrically conductive. Thus, the support structure not only serves the mechanical stabilization of the battery module, but is also suitable for conducting electrical power and having at least two power connection elements. Thus, the battery module according to the invention in the production or handling of the prior art is superior, because structurally supporting functions as well as current-carrying properties are combined in one element by the support structure according to the invention. In this case, it is particularly preferably provided that the support structure has a plurality of stiffening elements, which are formed substantially strand-shaped, and are preferably arranged substantially parallel or at right angles to each other. This arrangement provides a particularly improved stability of the battery module, at the same time the contact of the individual electrically conductive stiffening elements is simplified with power connector elements. Thus, the support structure according to the invention in a simple manner, for example as an extruded profile with preferably substantially I, T, L or U-shaped cross-section or as a tubular profile with a substantially circular, elliptical or polygonal cross-section or be executed as a cast part. This arrangement of stiffening elements to a support structure can be produced in large quantities in a cost-effective manner.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist die Tragestruktur aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt. Dieses Material hat den Vorteil, dass es eine für den Betrieb der Batterie ausreichende Leitfähigkeit, aber gleichzeitig nur ein geringes Gewicht aufweist. Insbesondere Gewichtseinsparungen sind häufig ein Thema bei wiederaufladbaren Batterien, die in Antriebssystemen von Fahrzeugen eingesetzt werden sollen. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the support structure is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. This material has the advantage that it has a sufficient for the operation of the battery conductivity, but at the same time only a low weight. In particular, weight savings are often an issue in rechargeable batteries to be used in vehicle drive systems.
Da insbesondere in Fahrzeugen häufig die Notwendigkeit besteht, den Platzbedarf für elektrisch/elektronische Komponenten möglichst gering zu halten, die jedoch mit elektrischem Strom versorgt werden müssen, ist in einer besonders bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass zumindest ein zumindest eines der beiden mit der Tragestruktur in Verbindung stehenden Stromanschlusselemente von außerhalb des Batteriemoduls (200) zugänglich ist. Dies erlaubt den einfachen Anschluss des Batteriemoduls an seine Umgebung, beispielsweise an elektrische Komponenten eines Fahrzeugs. Since in vehicles in particular there is often the need to keep the space required for electrical / electronic components as low as possible, but which must be supplied with electric current, it is provided in a particularly preferred variant of the invention that at least one of the two with the support structure connected power connector elements from outside the battery module (200) is accessible. This allows easy connection of the battery module to its environment, for example to electrical components of a vehicle.
Damit kann beispielsweise zumindest ein Versteifungselement als elektrische Leitung für elektrische bzw. elektronische Komponenten außerhalb des Bauteils zur Verfügung stehen, ohne dass wie sonst üblich ein oder mehrere Kabel um die Batterie herumgeführt werden müssen. Dies vereinfacht auch die Verkabelung im Bereich der Batterie beispielsweise in einem Fahrzeug . Thus, for example, at least one stiffening element can be available as an electrical line for electrical or electronic components outside the component, without having to carry around one or more cables around the battery as usual. This also simplifies the wiring in the battery, for example in a vehicle.
Um elektrische Überschläge durch die elektrisch leitende Tragestruktur beziehungsweise zwischen den einzelnen Versteifungselementen der Tragestruktur zu vermeiden, ist diese in einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung gegenüber ihrer Umgebung isoliert ausgeführt. To avoid electrical flashovers by the electrically conductive support structure or between the individual stiffening elements of the support structure, this is carried out in a further embodiment of the invention with respect to their environment isolated.
Diese Isolierung kann beispielsweise mittels Umspritzen, Einschäumen, Beschichten, Aufschrumpfen, Bekleben, Eingießen, Umwickeln, Einfalten oder Belacken aufgebracht sein. Als Isolierungsmaterial sind sämtliche in diesem Zusammenhang bekannte Kunststoffe und andere nichtleitende Materialien geeignet. Aus Sicherheits- gründen ist eine durchgehende elektrische Isolierung anzustreben, die nur an den Stromanschlüssen durchbrochen ist. This insulation can be applied for example by means of encapsulation, lathering, coating, shrinking, gluing, pouring, wrapping, folding or coating. As insulation material, all known in this context, plastics and other non-conductive materials are suitable. For safety reasons should be strived for a continuous electrical insulation, which is broken only at the power terminals.
In einer weiteren Ausführung ist die Tragestruktur als integraler Bestandteil eines Gehäuses des Batteriemoduls ausgebildet. Die Tragestruktur verleiht dem Aufbau auf diese Weise zusätzliche Stabilität. Hierbei ist das Gehäuse bevorzugterweise aus einem isolierenden Material gefertigt, sodass eine zusätzliche Isolierung der Tragestruktur bei dieser Ausführung nicht notwendig ist. In a further embodiment, the support structure is formed as an integral part of a housing of the battery module. The support structure gives the structure in this way additional stability. Here, the housing is preferably made of an insulating material, so that an additional insulation of the support structure is not necessary in this embodiment.
Die Notwendigkeit einer Isolierung der elektrisch leitenden Tragestruktur entfällt auch dann, wenn die Tragestruktur in einer Schaumstoffstruktur angeordnet ist. Die Schaumstoffstruktur ist hierbei entweder Teil des Batteriemoduls, zum Beispiel im Fall von eingeschäumten Batteriezellen oder bildet direkt das Gehäuse des Batteriemoduls, sodass kein zusätzliches Gehäuse aus einem steifen Material wie Kunststoff für das Batteriemodul benötigt wird . The need for insulation of the electrically conductive support structure is eliminated even if the support structure is arranged in a foam structure. The foam structure here is either part of the battery module, for example in the case of foamed battery cells or directly forms the housing of the battery module, so that no additional housing made of a rigid material such as plastic for the battery module is needed.
Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme zumindest einer Batteriezelle oder eines Batteriemoduls mit zumindest zwei, vorzugsweise einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen, wobei das Gehäuse eine elektrisch leitende Tragestruktur wie oben angeführt aufweist. Hierbei kann die Tragestruktur lösbar oder unlösbar an der Oberfläche, insbesondere an der Innenseite des Gehäuses angebracht sein. The invention further relates to a housing for receiving at least one battery cell or a battery module having at least two, preferably a plurality of battery cells, wherein the housing has an electrically conductive support structure as stated above. Here, the support structure can be releasably or permanently attached to the surface, in particular on the inside of the housing.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist jedoch die Tragestruktur als integraler Bestandteil des Gehäuses ausgebildet. Hierbei wird es beispielsweise während der Fertigung des Gehäuses, das jede erdenkliche Form haben kann, die geeignet ist, eine Batteriezelle oder einen Batteriezellenverbund oder - Stapel, nämlich ein Batteriemodul aufzunehmen, in das Material des Gehäuses eingebracht, insbesondere eingespritzt oder eingegossen. In dieser Variante ist somit die Tragestruktur bzw. das zumindest eine Versteifungselement direkt im Gehäuse integriert und durch das Material des Gehäuses selbst isoliert. An den Stellen der elektrischen Kontaktierung ist die Tragestruktur freigestellt. Hergestellt wird ein derartiger Verbund beispielsweise durch Einlaminieren der Tragestruktur beziehungsweise deren Versteifungselemente in einen elektrisch isolierenden Faserverbundwerkstoff oder durch Einspritzen/Eingießen der Tragestruktur in einen Kunststoff. Die Tragestruktur kann hierbei komplett innerhalb des Gehäuses aufgenommen sein oder teilweise aus diesem herausragen. Die herausragenden Bereiche können wiederum als Tragestruktur und/oder der Stromversorgung von weiteren Komponenten dienen. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the support structure is formed as an integral part of the housing. In this case, for example, during the production of the housing, which can have any conceivable shape which is suitable for accommodating a battery cell or a battery cell stack or stack, namely a battery module, it is introduced into the material of the housing, in particular injected or cast. In this variant, therefore, the support structure or the at least one stiffening element is integrated directly in the housing and isolated by the material of the housing itself. At the points of electrical contact the support structure is free. Such a composite is produced, for example, by laminating the support structure or its stiffening elements in an electrically insulating fiber composite material or by injecting / pouring the support structure into a plastic. The support structure may in this case be completely received within the housing or partially protrude from this. The protruding areas can in turn serve as a support structure and / or the power supply of other components.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung des Gehäuses sind ein erster Gehäuseteil und zumindest ein zweiter Gehäuseteil vorgesehen, wobei die elektrisch leitende Tragestruktur in dem ersten Gehäuseteil und/oder in dem zweiten Gehäuse- teil angeordnet ist, und die beiden Gehäuseteile lösbar oder unlösbar miteinander verbindbar sind. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the housing, a first housing part and at least a second housing part are provided, wherein the electrically conductive support structure in the first housing part and / or in the second housing part. is arranged part, and the two housing parts are releasably or permanently connected to each other.
Im Folgenden wird anhand von nicht einschränkenden Ausführungsbeispielen die Erfindung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to non-limiting embodiments. Show in it
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Gehäuseteil mit Versteifungselementen der Tragestruktur, 1 is a perspective view of a housing part according to the invention with stiffening elements of the support structure,
Figs. 2 und 3 Detailansichten der Versteifungselemente aus Fig. 1, Figs. 2 and 3 detailed views of the stiffening elements of FIG. 1,
Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht durch ein Batteriemodul, das von einer Tragestruktur mit vier Versteifungselementen getragen wird, 4 shows a sectional view through a battery module, which is supported by a support structure with four stiffening elements,
Figs. 5 und 6 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Batterieanordnung auf einer Tragestruktur, Figs. 5 and 6 show a schematic side view of a battery arrangement on a carrying structure,
Fig. 7 eine schematische Schnittansicht durch ein geschäumtes Batteriemodul, 7 is a schematic sectional view through a foamed battery module,
Fig. 8 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Batteriemoduls aus Fig. 7, und Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the battery module of Fig. 7, and
Fig. 9 eine schematische Draufsicht des Batteriemoduls aus Fig. 7. 9 is a schematic plan view of the battery module of FIG. 7.
In der Fig. 1 ist ein Gehäuseteil 10 dargestellt, in dem eine Trägerstruktur 100 mit einer Vielzahl von Versteifungselementen 110 angeordnet ist. Diese Versteifungselemente 110 verlaufen im Wesentlichen parallel sowie gebündelt rechtwinkelig zueinander und werden über Befestigungselemente 120, die in der vorliegenden Ausführung der Erfindung klammerartig ausgeführt sind, in ihrer Position innerhalb des Gehäuseteils 10 fixiert. 1 shows a housing part 10 in which a support structure 100 with a plurality of stiffening elements 110 is arranged. These stiffening elements 110 are substantially parallel and bundled at right angles to each other and are fixed in position within the housing part 10 via fastening elements 120, which are designed in the present embodiment of the invention in a clamp-like manner.
Jedem Versteifungselement 110 ist zumindest ein Stromanschlusselement 130,131 zugeordnet, wobei die Versteifungselemente 110 in dieser Ausführung der Erfindung zur Gänze innerhalb des Gehäuseteils 10 angeordnet sind . Einige der Versteifungselemente 110 weisen Stromanschlusselemente 130 auf, die innerhalb des Gehäuseteils 10 angeordnet sind, während eine weitere Gruppe von Stromanschlusselementen 131 an der Außenseite des Gehäuseteils 10 angeordnet sind und diese durchdringen, um eine leitende Verbindung mit den zugehörigen Versteifungselementen 110 herzustellen. Die Stromanschlusselemente 130, 131 können hierbei als direkt korrespondierende Steckverbindung ausgeführt sein, zum Beispiel als stromabnehmende Buchse am Versteifungselement 110 mit korrespondierendem stromführenden Bolzen als Gegenstück am Batteriemodul oder an zusätzlichen Verbindungselementen befestigt sein, wie beispielsweise an einem Kabel mit Kabelschuh oder an einem Busbar mit Schraubverbindung . In der Fig. 2 ist in einer Detailansicht ein Versteifungselement 110 aus Fig . 1 dargestellt. Es besteht hierbei aus einem Hohlprofil 111 aus Aluminium, das über einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt verfügt. Auf diesem Hohlprofil 111 ist eine Isolierung 112 aufgebracht, beispielsweise eine Kunststoffummantelung, die elektrische Überschläge zu benachbarten Versteifungselementen 110 oder anderen Bauteilen aus elektrisch leitenden Materialien verhindert. Each stiffening element 110 is assigned at least one power connection element 130, 131, wherein the stiffening elements 110 in this embodiment of the invention are arranged entirely within the housing part 10. Some of the stiffening elements 110 have power connection elements 130 which are arranged inside the housing part 10, while a further group of power connection elements 131 are arranged on the outside of the housing part 10 and penetrate through this in order to make a conductive connection with the associated stiffening elements 110. The power connection elements 130, 131 may in this case be designed as a directly corresponding plug connection, for example as stromabnehmende socket on the stiffening element 110 with corresponding current-carrying bolt as a counterpart on the battery module or attached to additional connecting elements, such as on a cable with cable lug or on a busbar with screw , FIG. 2 shows a detail view of a stiffening element 110 from FIG. 1 shown. It consists of a hollow profile 111 made of aluminum, which has a substantially rectangular cross-section. On this hollow section 111, an insulation 112 is applied, for example, a plastic sheath which prevents electrical flashovers to adjacent stiffening elements 110 or other components made of electrically conductive materials.
Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt verfügt in dieser Variante jedes Versteifungselement 110 über ein elektrisch leitendes Anschlusselement 113, das in das Hohlprofil 111 eingesteckt wird und somit in Kontakt mit diesem steht. Mit einer definierten Geometrie am Anschlusselement 113 werden die Stromanschlusselemente 130, 131 verbunden. Abdeckkappen 114 aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material wie beispielsweise Kunststoff verdecken das Anschlusselement 113 und das Ende des Versteifungselements 110, um einen Schutz vor unbeabsichtigtem Berühren der elektrisch leitenden Teile zu bieten. Frei von Isolation bleibt lediglich jene Geometrie des Anschlusselements 113, die mit dem Stromanschlusselement 130, 131 korrespondiert. As shown in FIG. 3, in this variant, each stiffening element 110 has an electrically conductive connection element 113 which is inserted into the hollow profile 111 and thus in contact therewith. With a defined geometry on the connection element 113, the power connection elements 130, 131 are connected. Cover caps 114 of an electrically insulating material such as plastic cover the terminal 113 and the end of the stiffener 110 to provide protection against inadvertent contact with the electrically conductive parts. Free from isolation remains only that geometry of the connection element 113, which corresponds to the power connector element 130, 131.
In der Fig. 4 ist stark vereinfacht eine weitere Ausführung der Erfindung dargestellt, bei der ein Batteriemodul 200 auf einer aus vier Versteifungselementen 110 bestehenden Tragestruktur 100 angeordnet ist. In FIG. 4, a further embodiment of the invention is shown in greatly simplified form, in which a battery module 200 is arranged on a support structure 100 consisting of four stiffening elements 110.
Die Fig . 5 zeigt in einer schematischen Seitenansicht die Anordnung einer Batterie 300 mit drei Batteriemodulen 200, die in einem Batteriegehäuse 301 angeordnet sind . Die erfindungsgemäße Tragestruktur 100 durchdringt hierbei das Batteriegehäuse 301, wobei das Gewicht der Batteriemodule 200 von der Tragestruktur 100 aufgenommen wird, während gleichzeitig die von den Batteriemodulen 200 abgegebene oder im Ladezyklus zu den Batteriemodulen 200 zugeführte elektrische Energie über die Tragestruktur 100 abgeleitet bzw. zugeführt wird . The Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of the arrangement of a battery 300 with three battery modules 200, which are arranged in a battery housing 301. In this case, the support structure 100 according to the invention penetrates the battery housing 301, wherein the weight of the battery modules 200 is received by the support structure 100, while at the same time the electrical energy delivered by the battery modules 200 or supplied to the battery modules 200 in the charging cycle is discharged via the support structure 100 ,
Auf der Tragestruktur 100 sind des Weiteren externe Komponenten wie beispielsweise ein Elektromotor 400 oder ein Inverter 401 angeordnet und stehen mit ihr in elektrisch leitender Verbindung . Der Bedarf an Kabelverbindungen kann auf diese Weise deutlich reduziert werden. Auf die Isolierung der Tragestruktur 100 muss hier selbstverständlich besonderes Augenmerk gelegt werden, um Kurzschlüsse zu verhindern. Furthermore, external components such as an electric motor 400 or an inverter 401 are arranged on the support structure 100 and are in an electrically conductive connection with it. The need for cable connections can be significantly reduced in this way. Of course, special attention must be paid to the insulation of the support structure 100 in order to prevent short circuits.
Eine ähnliche Anordnung, ein sogenanntes Range Extender Konzept, kann der Fig. 6 entnommen werden. Hier verbindet die erfindungsgemäße Tragestruktur 100 eine Range-Extender-Einheit 410, bestehend aus einem Range-Extender-Generator 411 und dem Range-Extender 412 sowie einem Inverter 401, elektrisch leitend mit einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit bestehend aus der Batterie 300, dem Elektromotor 400 und dem Inverter 401. In der Fig. 7 ist ein schematischer Querschnitt durch ein geschäumtes Batteriemodul 200 gezeigt. Alle Komponenten werden hier zusammengebaut und dann gemeinsam in einer Schäumform umschäumt. Ein eigenes Modulgehäuse wird hierbei nicht benötigt. Die Batteriezellen 210, die üblicherweise als Zellstapel vorliegen, sind hierbei in einem oder mehreren Zellrahmen 211 aufgenommen. Diese Zellrahmen 211 weisen Verbindungselemente 212, zum Beispiel Laschen auf, die eine mechanische Verbindung mit den Versteifungselementen 110 der Tragestruktur 100 erlauben, wobei die Verbindungselemente 212 aus einem elektrisch nicht-leitenden Material bestehen. Die Verbindung erfolgt beispielsweise mittels Kleben, Schrauben, Clipsen oder Nieten. Zusätzlich werden, je nach Verschaltung der Batteriezellen 210, die Zellpole 213 der ersten und der letzten Batteriezelle 210 mit den Versteifungselementen 110 elektrisch verbunden. Diese elektrisch leitende Verbindung kann insbesondere mittels Busbar 140 oder Kabelverbindung 150 erfolgen. Die gesamte Anordnung ist hierbei von ausgehärtetem Schaum 220 umgeben. A similar arrangement, a so-called range extender concept, can be seen in FIG. Here, the support structure according to the invention 100 connects a range extender unit 410, consisting of a range extender generator 411 and the range extender 412 and an inverter 401, electrically conductive with an electric drive unit consisting of the battery 300, the electric motor 400 and the inverter 401. FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross section through a foamed battery module 200. All components are assembled here and then foamed together in a foaming mold. A separate module housing is not required here. The battery cells 210, which are usually in the form of a cell stack, are accommodated in one or more cell frames 211. These cell frames 211 have connecting elements 212, for example tabs, which allow a mechanical connection with the stiffening elements 110 of the support structure 100, wherein the connecting elements 212 are made of an electrically non-conductive material. The connection takes place for example by means of gluing, screwing, clipping or riveting. In addition, depending on the interconnection of the battery cells 210, the cell poles 213 of the first and the last battery cell 210 are electrically connected to the stiffening elements 110. This electrically conductive connection can be effected in particular by means of bus bar 140 or cable connection 150. The entire assembly is surrounded by hardened foam 220.
Wie in den Fig. 8 und Fig. 9 gezeigt, ragt das leitende Versteifungselement 110 der Tragestruktur 100 aus dem geschäumten Batteriemodul 200 heraus und wird gleichzeitig als tragendes, gewichtsaufnehmendes Element als auch als elektrischer Modulabgang 230 genutzt. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the conductive stiffener 110 of the support structure 100 protrudes from the foamed battery module 200 and is simultaneously used as a load-bearing weight-absorbing member as well as a module electrical outlet 230.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorliegende Erfindung nicht auf die oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist. Insbesondere kann die erfindungsgemäße Tragestruktur unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, insbesondere können Anzahl, Form und Anordnung der Versteifungselemente variieren, ebenso kann die Position und Anordnung der Tragestruktur selbst an die verschiedenen Anforderungen angepasst werden. Erfindungswesentlich ist, dass die Tragestruktur nicht nur der Gewichtsaufnahme, sondern auch der elektrischen Leitung dient. It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. In particular, the support structure according to the invention can be designed differently, in particular number, shape and arrangement of the stiffening elements vary, as well as the position and arrangement of the support structure itself can be adapted to the various requirements. It is essential to the invention that the carrying structure serves not only for weight absorption but also for the electrical line.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Batteriemodul (200) mit zumindest einer Batteriezelle (210), vorzugsweise einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen (210), wobei eine Tragestruktur (100) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur ( 100) elektrisch leitend ausgebildet ist und zumindest zwei Stromanschlusselemente (130, 131) aufweist. 1. Battery module (200) with at least one battery cell (210), preferably a plurality of battery cells (210), wherein a support structure (100) is provided, characterized in that the support structure (100) is electrically conductive and at least two power connection elements ( 130, 131).
2. Batteriemodul (200) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) eine Vielzahl von Versteifungselementen (110) aufweist, die im Wesentlichen strangförmig ausgebildet sind, und bevorzugterweise im Wesentlichen parallel oder rechtwinkelig zueinander angeordnet sind . Second battery module (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (100) has a plurality of stiffening elements (110) which are formed substantially strand-shaped, and are preferably arranged substantially parallel or perpendicular to each other.
3. Batteriemodul (200) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) als extrudiertes Profil mit vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen I-, T-, L- oder U-förmigem Querschnitt oder als Rohrprofil mit im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen, elliptischen oder polygonalen Querschnitt oder als Gussteil ausgeführt ist. 3. Battery module (200) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support structure (100) as an extruded profile with preferably substantially I, T, L or U-shaped cross section or as a tubular profile with a substantially circular, elliptical or polygonal cross-section or executed as a casting.
4. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt ist. 4. Battery module (200) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support structure (100) is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
5. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eines der beiden mit der Tragestruktur (100) in Verbindung stehenden Stromanschlusselemente (130, 131) von außerhalb des Batteriemoduls (200) zugänglich ist. 5. Battery module (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the two with the support structure (100) in communication with the power connection elements (130, 131) from outside the battery module (200) is accessible.
6. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Versteifungselement (110) der Tragestruktur (100) als Leitungsbahn für externe elektrische und/oder elektronische Komponenten (400, 401, 410, 411, 412) zur Verfügung steht. 6. battery module (200) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that at least one stiffening element (110) of the support structure (100) as a conduit for external electrical and / or electronic components (400, 401, 410, 411, 412) is available.
7. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) gegenüber ihrer Umgebung isoliert ausgeführt ist. 7. Battery module (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support structure (100) is carried out with respect to their environment isolated.
8. Batteriemodul (200) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierung (112) mittels Umspritzen, Einschäumen, Beschichten, Aufschrumpfen, Bekleben, Eingießen, Umwickeln, Einfalten oder Belacken auf die Tragestruktur (100) aufgebracht ist. 8. battery module (200) according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulation (112) by means of encapsulation, lathering, coating, shrinking, gluing, pouring, wrapping, folding or coating on the support structure (100) is applied.
9. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) als integraler Bestandteil eines Gehäuses des Batteriemoduls (200) ausgebildet ist. 9. Battery module (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support structure (100) is formed as an integral part of a housing of the battery module (200).
10. Batteriemodul (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (100) in einer Schaumstoffstruktur (220) angeordnet ist. 10. Battery module (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support structure (100) in a foam structure (220) is arranged.
11. Gehäuse zur Aufnahme zumindest einer Batteriezelle oder eines Batteriemoduls mit zumindest zwei, vorzugsweise einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse eine elektrisch leitende Tragestruktur (110) mit zumindest zwei Stromanschlusselementen (130, 131) aufweist. 11. Housing for receiving at least one battery cell or a battery module with at least two, preferably a plurality of battery cells, characterized in that the housing has an electrically conductive support structure (110) with at least two power connection elements (130, 131).
12. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (110) lösbar oder unlösbar an der Oberfläche, insbesondere an der Innenseite des Gehäuses angebracht ist. 12. Housing according to claim 11, characterized in that the support structure (110) is releasably or non-detachably attached to the surface, in particular on the inside of the housing.
13. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragestruktur (110) als integraler Bestandteil des Gehäuses ausgebildet ist. 13. Housing according to claim 11, characterized in that the support structure (110) is formed as an integral part of the housing.
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