WO2009130346A1 - Device for measuring amplitude of accommodation - Google Patents

Device for measuring amplitude of accommodation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009130346A1
WO2009130346A1 PCT/ES2009/000216 ES2009000216W WO2009130346A1 WO 2009130346 A1 WO2009130346 A1 WO 2009130346A1 ES 2009000216 W ES2009000216 W ES 2009000216W WO 2009130346 A1 WO2009130346 A1 WO 2009130346A1
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Prior art keywords
optotypes
amplitude
measuring
eye
accommodation
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PCT/ES2009/000216
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Consuelo Villena Cepeda
Antonio ÁLVAREZ FERNÁNDEZ-BALBUENA
Ricardo Bernardez Vilaboa
Original Assignee
Universidad Complutense De Madrid
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Publication of WO2009130346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009130346A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/09—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing accommodation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
    • A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors

Definitions

  • the present invention falls within the field of Optometry and Ophthalmology, more specifically in relation to the determination of the amplitude of accommodation.
  • the accommodative or accommodative amplitude is the physiological capacity of the eye to focus the image of an object at different distances from far to near or vice versa.
  • Visual accommodation refers to the increase in the refractive power that is produced in the lens of the eyes to be able to focus on an object that is approaching and thus be able to see it clearly.
  • the accommodative amplitude is expressed in diopters. The higher the diopter value of the accommodative amplitude, the greater the eye's ability to see smaller and closer objects with sharpness.
  • a value of accommodative amplitude less than expected for the age of each individual allows us to explain the difficulty for performing tasks at intermediate and close distances. This value is improved by compensating for the ametropia or refractive defect.
  • the value of the amplitude of visual accommodation varies depending on the age. The most critical period comes when the person reaches approximately 40 years or arrival of presbyopia, at that time the value of the amplitude of accommodation begins to fall below 5 diopters.
  • optotype templates are used for 40 cm with a visual acuity of 0.8.
  • the test is subjective and monocular (eye for eye, covering one first and then the other), starting with the right eye. Two techniques can be used for its realization:
  • an optotype card or visual acuity symbols 0.8 are placed at a distance of 40 cm.
  • For the calculation of the amplitude we limit our to adding the spherical power of the refractive defect with the accommodative stimulus and subtracting the previous negative power used to achieve the maintained blur.
  • the approximation test consists of approaching the eye to be explored, with a compensated refractive defect and from a distance of about 40 cm, a template of visual acuity optotypes of 0.8 to achieve a blur maintained at the closest possible distance.
  • a compensated refractive defect and from a distance of about 40 cm, a template of visual acuity optotypes of 0.8 to achieve a blur maintained at the closest possible distance.
  • To calculate the accommodative amplitude in this case we take that distance from the eye itself or from the compensation where appropriate in meters and the inverse is calculated to obtain the value of the amplitude. This technique is simpler and adequate for certain patients in whom the lens technique may present difficulties to perform the test.
  • the main drawback of this technique is that the approach of the optotype template to the patient requires that the angle of focus of the eye be adapted to the optotype for each distance, which usually results in a lower visual acuity than the established 0.8, and for that Therefore, the final value of the amplitude of accommodation with this technique is higher.
  • this problem is resolved by means of a new device that allows to slightly modify the usual procedure by which the test is performed, so that the patient, instead of identifying the same optotype at different distances, identifies optotypes that result in a same fixed and adequate AV for each distance at which the nearby test is performed.
  • This new device more similar values are achieved in the two techniques, solving a problem that was encrypted in a measured difference of 2 diopters greater with the approach technique.
  • a new device for the determination of the amplitude of accommodation using the approximation test, characterized in that it includes optotypes (1) whose size is less than 5 cm to perform the test at a distance between the patient's eye and the device less than 40 cm, maintaining the Fixed focus angle for an AV lower than 2.
  • This device (Fig. 1) allows to achieve greater accuracy in determining the amplitude of accommodation.
  • the patient is requested, for each selected distance (preferably 16 to 7 cm), to identify the appropriate line of optotypes (1) (preferably of a size between
  • the device support (Fig. 1) can be any of those conventionally used for any optotype, including electronic support, on the screen or projection of a computer, printed on sheets, etc.
  • a device consisting of sheets or templates in which the optotypes (1) are printed they can be opaque or transparent, of different sizes according to their presentation mode and of different natural or synthetic materials and preferably vitreous , cellulosics, plastics or combinations of these materials that give rise to a substantially rigid material, suitable to have a good optical quality on the surface and to achieve the best quality of vision combining it with other tests.
  • the device in the form of a sheet or template that is obtained from the reprographic copy of another device in any of the mentioned printed media.
  • the arrangement of the optotypes (1) in the device (Fig. 1) basically follow the description of the Spanish standards UNE-EN ISO 8596 and 8597, so that in each device (Fig. 1) they can be included several lines of optotypes (1) of different sizes. Each line can include several optotypes (1) (preferably 4) oriented in different directions. The correspondence between the necessary size of each optotype in the device in relation to the AV that is desired to be determined in the performance of the test, is obtained according to the calculations described in the standards UNE-EN ISO 8596 and 8597.
  • the device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device
  • FIG. 1 has ten lines of optotypes (1) of the appropriate size to perform the approximation test for the measurement of the amplitude of accommodation (Fig. 1) at a distance of 16 cm to a distance of 7 cm, maintaining an AV of 0.8.
  • the size of the larger optotypes would be 1,668 cm with a stroke thickness of 0.334 cm, and the size of the smaller optotypes would be 0.764 cm with a stroke thickness of 0.153 cm.
  • a particular aspect of this invention is the device (Fig.
  • the new device (Fig. 1) is useful for all those applications in which the greater precision of the measurement of the accommodative amplitude in Optometry, Contactology or Ophthalmology is an advantage.
  • Figure 1 shows a portion of the device, on a 1: 10 scale, for measuring the amplitude of accommodation by means of the fixed angle test.
  • Two rows of optotypes (1) are shown in detail for the visual acuity of 1 (upper row of optotypes) and 0.9 (lower row of optotypes).
  • the optotypes included in the device consist of Snellen E oriented in different directions.
  • an optotype template (1) was designed suitable for measuring the amplitude of accommodation.
  • lines of optotypes (1) with 4 optotypes (1) of type Snellen per line were included.
  • each optotype was oriented up, down, right or left, the orientation of each being different from those remaining in the same line.
  • the optotypes (1) were made with a size of 0.764 cm and a black stroke thickness of 0.153 cm.
  • the size of these optotypes (1) corresponded with a VA of 0.8 for a measuring distance of 7 cm between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO 8596 and UNE-EN ISO standard 8597.
  • the optotypes (1) were made with a size of 1,668 cm and a black stroke thickness of 0,334 cm.
  • the size of these optotypes (1) corresponded to a VA of 0.8 for a measuring distance of 16 cm between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO 8596 and UNE-EN ISO standard 8597.
  • the optotypes (1) of the remaining lines with an appropriate optotype size and stroke were made at each measuring distance up to 16cm distance between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO standard 8596 and UNE-EN ISO 8597 for an AV of 0.8.
  • the AV value and the corresponding measuring distance were included.
  • the template thus designed was printed on a sheet or glass support with a silver emulsion surface by an exclusively photographic technique for fixing the precipitated silver compounds after receiving light from the computer-designed image with a program intended for it. From this photographic print, copies of the sheet were made of plastic or cellulosic material.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a novel card of optotypes or diagrams for examining amplitude of accommodation, especially a novel device for determining amplitude of accommodation using the approximation test which enables the focusing angle to be maintained for each measuring distance during the test.

Description

Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation.
SECTOR DE LA TÉCNICASECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
La presente invención se encuadra en el sector de la Optometría y Oftalmología, más concretamente en Io relativo a Ia determinación de Ia amplitud de acomodación.The present invention falls within the field of Optometry and Ophthalmology, more specifically in relation to the determination of the amplitude of accommodation.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICASTATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
En Optometría, Ia amplitud acomodativa o de acomodación es Ia capacidad fisiológica del ojo para enfocar Ia imagen de un objeto a diferentes distancias de lejos a cerca o viceversa. La acomodación visual se refiere al aumento de Ia potencia refractiva que se produce en el cristalino de los ojos para poder enfocar un objeto que se está acercando y poder así verlo con nitidez.In Optometry, the accommodative or accommodative amplitude is the physiological capacity of the eye to focus the image of an object at different distances from far to near or vice versa. Visual accommodation refers to the increase in the refractive power that is produced in the lens of the eyes to be able to focus on an object that is approaching and thus be able to see it clearly.
La amplitud acomodativa se expresa en dioptrías. Cuanto mayor es el valor en dioptrías de Ia amplitud acomodativa, mayor es Ia capacidad del ojo de ver objetos más pequeños y próximos con nitidez. Un valor de amplitud acomodativa menor del esperado para Ia edad de cada individuo nos permite explicar Ia dificultad para Ia realización de tareas a distancias intermedias y cercanas. Este valor se mejora compensando Ia ametropía o defecto refractivo.The accommodative amplitude is expressed in diopters. The higher the diopter value of the accommodative amplitude, the greater the eye's ability to see smaller and closer objects with sharpness. A value of accommodative amplitude less than expected for the age of each individual allows us to explain the difficulty for performing tasks at intermediate and close distances. This value is improved by compensating for the ametropia or refractive defect.
El valor de Ia amplitud de acomodación visual varía en función de Ia edad. El periodo más crítico llega cuando Ia persona cumple aproximadamente los 40 años o llegada de Ia presbicia, en ese momento el valor de Ia amplitud de acomodación empieza a bajar por debajo de las 5 dioptrías.The value of the amplitude of visual accommodation varies depending on the age. The most critical period comes when the person reaches approximately 40 years or arrival of presbyopia, at that time the value of the amplitude of accommodation begins to fall below 5 diopters.
Para Ia medida de Ia amplitud acomodativa, se utilizan plantillas de optotipos en para 40 cm con agudeza visual de 0,8. La prueba es subjetiva y monocular (ojo por ojo, tapando primero uno y después el otro), empezando con el ojo derecho. Para su realización pueden emplearse dos técnicas: Ia deTo measure the accommodative amplitude, optotype templates are used for 40 cm with a visual acuity of 0.8. The test is subjective and monocular (eye for eye, covering one first and then the other), starting with the right eye. Two techniques can be used for its realization:
Ia lente negativa y por aproximación.The negative lens and by approximation.
En el test de Ia lente negativa se coloca una tarjeta de optotipos o símbolos de agudeza visual 0,8 a una distancia de 40 cm. Con Ia ayuda de un dispositivo, añadimos lentes de potencia negativa delante de Ia compensación del ojo a medir hasta conseguir una borrosidad mantenida de los optotipos. Para el cálculo de Ia amplitud nos limitamos a sumar Ia potencia esférica del defecto refractivo con el estímulo acomodativo y restarle Ia potencia negativa anterior utilizada para conseguir Ia borrosidad mantenida.In the negative lens test, an optotype card or visual acuity symbols 0.8 are placed at a distance of 40 cm. With the help of a device, we add negative power lenses in front of the compensation of the eye to be measured until a maintained blur of the optotypes is achieved. For the calculation of the amplitude we limit ourselves to adding the spherical power of the refractive defect with the accommodative stimulus and subtracting the previous negative power used to achieve the maintained blur.
El test por aproximación consiste en acercar al ojo a explorar, con el defecto refractivo compensado y desde una distancia cercana de 40 cm una plantilla de optotipos de agudeza visual de 0,8 hasta conseguir una borrosidad mantenida a Ia distancia más cercana posible. Para el cálculo de Ia amplitud acomodativa en este caso, tomamos esa distancia desde el propio ojo o desde Ia compensación en su caso en metros y se calcula Ia inversa para obtener el valor de Ia amplitud. Esta técnica resulta más sencilla y adecuada para determinados pacientes en los que Ia técnica de las lentes puede presentar dificultades para realizar el test.The approximation test consists of approaching the eye to be explored, with a compensated refractive defect and from a distance of about 40 cm, a template of visual acuity optotypes of 0.8 to achieve a blur maintained at the closest possible distance. To calculate the accommodative amplitude in this case, we take that distance from the eye itself or from the compensation where appropriate in meters and the inverse is calculated to obtain the value of the amplitude. This technique is simpler and adequate for certain patients in whom the lens technique may present difficulties to perform the test.
El principal inconveniente de esta técnica consiste en que Ia aproximación de Ia plantilla de optotipos al paciente exige que adecúe el ángulo de enfoque del ojo al optotipo para cada distancia, Io que suele resultar en una menor agudeza visual que Ia de 0,8 establecida, y por Io tanto, el valor final de Ia amplitud de acomodación con esta técnica es más elevado.The main drawback of this technique is that the approach of the optotype template to the patient requires that the angle of focus of the eye be adapted to the optotype for each distance, which usually results in a lower visual acuity than the established 0.8, and for that Therefore, the final value of the amplitude of accommodation with this technique is higher.
En Ia presente invención se resuelve este inconveniente mediante un nuevo dispositivo que permite modificar ligeramente el procedimiento habitual por el que se realiza el test, de forma que el paciente, en lugar de identificar un mismo optotipo a distintas distancias, identifique optotipos que resultan en una misma AV fija y adecuada para cada distancia a Ia que se realiza el test cercano. Con este nuevo dispositivo se consiguen valores más parecidos en las dos técnicas, resolviendo un problema que estaba cifrado en una diferencia medida de 2 dioptrías mayor con Ia técnica de acercamiento.In the present invention, this problem is resolved by means of a new device that allows to slightly modify the usual procedure by which the test is performed, so that the patient, instead of identifying the same optotype at different distances, identifies optotypes that result in a same fixed and adequate AV for each distance at which the nearby test is performed. With this new device more similar values are achieved in the two techniques, solving a problem that was encrypted in a measured difference of 2 diopters greater with the approach technique.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En Ia presente invención se propone un nuevo dispositivo (Fig.1) . para Ia determinación de Ia amplitud de acomodación utilizando el test de aproximación, caracterizado porque incluye optotipos (1) cuyo tamaño es inferior a 5 cm para realizar el test a una distancia entre el ojo del paciente y el dispositivo inferior a 40 cm, manteniéndose el ángulo de enfoque fijo para una AV inferior a 2. Este dispositivo (Fig.1) permite conseguir una mayor exactitud en Ia determinación de Ia amplitud de acomodación.In the present invention a new device is proposed (Fig. 1). for the determination of the amplitude of accommodation using the approximation test, characterized in that it includes optotypes (1) whose size is less than 5 cm to perform the test at a distance between the patient's eye and the device less than 40 cm, maintaining the Fixed focus angle for an AV lower than 2. This device (Fig. 1) allows to achieve greater accuracy in determining the amplitude of accommodation.
Para mantener el ángulo de enfoque fijo a las distintas distancias de medida durante Ia realización de Ia prueba, se solicita al paciente que, para cada distancia seleccionada (preferentemente de 16 a 7 cm), identifique Ia línea adecuada de optotipos (1) (preferentemente de un tamaño de entreTo maintain the fixed focus angle at the different measuring distances during the performance of the test, the patient is requested, for each selected distance (preferably 16 to 7 cm), to identify the appropriate line of optotypes (1) (preferably of a size between
1 ,668 a 0,764 cm) contenida en el dispositivo (Fig.1) de Ia presente invención, correspondiente a una misma AV durante toda Ia prueba (preferentemente AV de 0,8). El soporte del dispositivo (Fig.1) puede ser cualquiera de los que se utilizan convencionalmente para cualquier optotipo, incluyendo soporte electrónico, en Ia pantalla o proyección de un ordenador, impreso en láminas, etc. En el caso más frecuente de dispositivo consistente en láminas o plantillas en las que se imprimen los optotipos (1), éstas pueden ser opacas o transparentes, de distintos tamaños de acuerdo con su modo de presentación y de distintos materiales naturales o sintéticos y preferentemente vitreos, celulósicos, plásticos o combinaciones de estos materiales que den lugar a un material sensiblemente rígido, adecuado para tener una buena calidad óptica en Ia superficie y para conseguir Ia mejor calidad de visión combinándolo con otras pruebas. También es posible el dispositivo en forma de lámina o plantilla que se obtiene de Ia copia reprográfica de otro dispositivo en cualquiera de los soportes impresos mencionados.1, 668 to 0.764 cm) contained in the device (Fig. 1) of the present invention, corresponding to the same AV during the entire test (preferably AV of 0.8). The device support (Fig. 1) can be any of those conventionally used for any optotype, including electronic support, on the screen or projection of a computer, printed on sheets, etc. In the most frequent case of a device consisting of sheets or templates in which the optotypes (1) are printed, they can be opaque or transparent, of different sizes according to their presentation mode and of different natural or synthetic materials and preferably vitreous , cellulosics, plastics or combinations of these materials that give rise to a substantially rigid material, suitable to have a good optical quality on the surface and to achieve the best quality of vision combining it with other tests. It is also possible the device in the form of a sheet or template that is obtained from the reprographic copy of another device in any of the mentioned printed media.
Independientemente del soporte empleado, Ia disposición de los optotipos (1) en el dispositivo (Fig.1) siguen fundamentalmente Ia descripción de las normas españolas UNE-EN ISO 8596 y 8597, de forma que en cada dispositivo (Fig.1) pueden incluirse varias líneas de optotipos (1) de distinto tamaño. Cada línea puede incluir varios optotipos (1) (preferentemente 4) orientados en distintas direcciones. La correspondencia entre el tamaño necesario de cada optotipo en el dispositivo en relación con Ia AV que se desea determinar en Ia realización del test, se obtiene según los cálculos descritos en las normas UNE-EN ISO 8596 y 8597.Regardless of the support used, the arrangement of the optotypes (1) in the device (Fig. 1) basically follow the description of the Spanish standards UNE-EN ISO 8596 and 8597, so that in each device (Fig. 1) they can be included several lines of optotypes (1) of different sizes. Each line can include several optotypes (1) (preferably 4) oriented in different directions. The correspondence between the necessary size of each optotype in the device in relation to the AV that is desired to be determined in the performance of the test, is obtained according to the calculations described in the standards UNE-EN ISO 8596 and 8597.
En una realización preferente de Ia presente invención, el dispositivoIn a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device
(Fig.1) dispone de diez líneas de optotipos (1) del tamaño adecuado para realizar el test de aproximación para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación (Fig.1) a una distancia de 16 cm hasta una distancia de 7 cm, manteniendo una AV de 0,8. En esta realización preferente, el tamaño de los optotipos de mayor tamaño sería de 1 ,668 cm con un grosor de trazo de 0,334 cm, y el tamaño de los optotipos de menor tamaño sería de 0,764 cm con un grosor de trazo de 0,153 cm. Un aspecto particular de esta invención es el dispositivo (Fig.1) que emplea optotipos (1) de forma cuadrada compuestos por 3 x 3 cuadros de dimensiones idénticas entre sí en el que uno de los cuadros es blanco o transparente, según el material en el que se imprimen los optotipos (1), y permite un contraste máximo con el resto de los cuadros que son negros.(Fig. 1) has ten lines of optotypes (1) of the appropriate size to perform the approximation test for the measurement of the amplitude of accommodation (Fig. 1) at a distance of 16 cm to a distance of 7 cm, maintaining an AV of 0.8. In this preferred embodiment, the size of the larger optotypes would be 1,668 cm with a stroke thickness of 0.334 cm, and the size of the smaller optotypes would be 0.764 cm with a stroke thickness of 0.153 cm. A particular aspect of this invention is the device (Fig. 1) which uses square-shaped optotypes (1) composed of 3 x 3 frames of identical dimensions in which one of the frames is white or transparent, depending on the material in the one that the optotypes are printed (1), and allows a maximum contrast with the rest of the frames that are black.
El nuevo dispositivo (Fig.1) es útil para todas aquellas aplicaciones en las que sea una ventaja Ia mayor precisión de Ia medida de Ia amplitud acomodativa en Optometría, Contactología u Oftalmología.The new device (Fig. 1) is useful for all those applications in which the greater precision of the measurement of the accommodative amplitude in Optometry, Contactology or Ophthalmology is an advantage.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A continuación, únicamente a modo de ejemplo y sin que suponga restricción alguna a Io que presenta y reivindica Ia presente patente, se describe el dibujo explicativo que se acompaña a Ia presente invención.Next, only by way of example and without any restriction to what is presented and claimed by the present patent, the explanatory drawing that accompanies the present invention is described.
La figura 1 muestra una porción del dispositivo, a escala 1 :10, para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación mediante el test de ángulo fijo. Se muestran en detalle dos filas de optotipos (1) para Ia agudeza visual de 1 (fila superior de optotipos) y 0,9 (fila inferior de optotipos). En el caso de esta figura, los optotipos incluidos en el dispositivo consisten en E de Snellen orientadas en distintas direcciones.Figure 1 shows a portion of the device, on a 1: 10 scale, for measuring the amplitude of accommodation by means of the fixed angle test. Two rows of optotypes (1) are shown in detail for the visual acuity of 1 (upper row of optotypes) and 0.9 (lower row of optotypes). In the case of this figure, the optotypes included in the device consist of Snellen E oriented in different directions.
MODO DE REALIZAR LA INVENCIÓNHOW TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ilustra adicionalmente mediante el siguiente ejemplo, que no pretende ser limitativo de su alcance.The present invention is further illustrated by the following example, which is not intended to limit its scope.
Mediante un programa de diseño por ordenador comercial de los empleados convencionalmente para diseño gráfico, se diseñó una plantilla de optotipos (1) adecuada para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación. En Ia plantilla se incluyeron 10 líneas de optotipos (1) con 4 optotipos (1) del tipo E de Snellen por línea. En cada línea de Ia plantilla, cada optotipo se orientó hacia arriba, abajo, derecha o izquierda, siendo Ia orientación de cada uno de ellos distinta de los restantes en una misma línea. En Ia primera línea, correspondiente a Ia línea con los optotipos (1) de menor tamaño, los optotipos (1) se realizaron con un tamaño de 0,764 cm y un grosor de trazo negro de 0,153 cm. El tamaño de estos optotipos (1) se correspondía con una AV de 0,8 para una distancia de medida de 7 cm entre el ojo del paciente y Ia plantilla según los cálculos realizados siguiendo Ia norma UNE-EN ISO 8596 y UNE-EN ISO 8597. En Ia última línea, correspondiente a Ia línea con los optotipos (1) de mayor tamaño, los optotipos (1) se realizaron con un tamaño de 1 ,668 cm y un grosor de trazo negro de 0,334 cm. EI tamaño de estos optotipos (1) se correspondía con una AV de 0,8 para una distancia de medida de 16 cm entre el ojo del paciente y Ia plantilla según los cálculos realizados siguiendo Ia norma UNE-EN ISO 8596 y UNE-EN ISO 8597.Through a commercial computer design program of the Conventionally used for graphic design, an optotype template (1) was designed suitable for measuring the amplitude of accommodation. In the template 10 lines of optotypes (1) with 4 optotypes (1) of type Snellen per line were included. In each line of the template, each optotype was oriented up, down, right or left, the orientation of each being different from those remaining in the same line. In the first line, corresponding to the line with the smaller optotypes (1), the optotypes (1) were made with a size of 0.764 cm and a black stroke thickness of 0.153 cm. The size of these optotypes (1) corresponded with a VA of 0.8 for a measuring distance of 7 cm between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO 8596 and UNE-EN ISO standard 8597. In the last line, corresponding to the line with the larger optotypes (1), the optotypes (1) were made with a size of 1,668 cm and a black stroke thickness of 0,334 cm. The size of these optotypes (1) corresponded to a VA of 0.8 for a measuring distance of 16 cm between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO 8596 and UNE-EN ISO standard 8597.
De igual manera se realizaron los optotipos (1) de las restantes líneas con un tamaño de optotipo y trazo adecuado a cada distancia de medida hasta 16cm de distancia entre el ojo del paciente y Ia plantilla según los cálculos realizados siguiendo Ia norma UNE-EN ISO 8596 y UNE-EN ISO 8597 para una AV de 0,8. En cada línea de optotipos (1) se incluyó el valor de AV y Ia distancia de medida correspondiente.In the same way, the optotypes (1) of the remaining lines with an appropriate optotype size and stroke were made at each measuring distance up to 16cm distance between the patient's eye and the template according to the calculations made following the UNE-EN ISO standard 8596 and UNE-EN ISO 8597 for an AV of 0.8. In each line of optotypes (1) the AV value and the corresponding measuring distance were included.
La plantilla así diseñada se imprimió en una lámina o soporte de vidrio con superficie de emulsión de plata mediante una técnica exclusivamente fotográfica de fijación de los compuestos de plata precipitados tras recepción de luz de Ia imagen diseñada por ordenador con un programa destinado para ello. A partir de esta impresión fotográfica se realizaron copias de Ia lámina en material plástico ó celulósico. The template thus designed was printed on a sheet or glass support with a silver emulsion surface by an exclusively photographic technique for fixing the precipitated silver compounds after receiving light from the computer-designed image with a program intended for it. From this photographic print, copies of the sheet were made of plastic or cellulosic material.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación visual caracterizado porque comprende optotipos (1) de tamaño inferior a 5 cm, para realizar el test de aproximación a una distancia entre el ojo del paciente y el dispositivo inferior a 40 cm, manteniendo fijo el ángulo de enfoque del ojo para una agudeza visual inferior a 2.1. Device for measuring the amplitude of visual accommodation characterized in that it comprises optotypes (1) of size less than 5 cm, to perform the approach test at a distance between the patient's eye and the device less than 40 cm, keeping fixed the angle of focus of the eye for visual acuity less than 2.
2. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación visual según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque comprende optotipos (1) cuyo tamaño está comprendido entre 0,764 y 1 ,668 cm, para realizar el test de aproximación a una distancia entre el ojo del paciente y el dispositivo desde 7 cm hasta 16 cm, manteniendo fijo el ángulo de enfoque del ojo para una agudeza visual de entre 0,2 y 2.2. Device for measuring the amplitude of visual accommodation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises optotypes (1) whose size is between 0.764 and 1.668 cm, to perform the approach test at a distance between the patient's eye and the device from 7 cm to 16 cm, keeping the focus angle of the eye fixed for a visual acuity between 0.2 and 2.
3. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación visual según Ia reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el ángulo de enfoque del ojo se mantiene fijo para una agudeza visual de 0,8.3. Device for measuring the amplitude of visual accommodation according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle of focus of the eye remains fixed for a visual acuity of 0.8.
4. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los optotipos (1) están dispuestos en líneas.4. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optotypes (1) are arranged in lines.
5. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según Ia reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque cada línea presenta cuatro optotipos5. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to claim 5, characterized in that each line has four optotypes
(1).(one).
6. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque en cada línea, el valor de AV viene indicada a Ia misma altura de Ia línea en el dispositivo. 6. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each line, the value of AV is indicated at the same height of the line in the device.
7. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque contiene diez líneas (Fig.1) de optotipos (1).7. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains ten lines (Fig. 1) of optotypes (1).
8. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los optotipos (1) tienen forma cuadrada y están compuestos por 3 x 3 cuadros de dimensiones idénticas entre sí, en el que uno de los cuadros es blanco o transparente según el material en el que se imprimen los optotipos (1), y permite un contraste máximo con el resto de los cuadros que son negros.8. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optotypes (1) have a square shape and are composed of 3 x 3 frames of identical dimensions to each other, in which one of the frames is white or transparent depending on the material on which the optotypes are printed (1), and allows a maximum contrast with the rest of the frames that are black.
9. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los optotipos (1) se imprimen en una lámina o soporte sensiblemente rígido, de material natural o sintético, de papel, cartón, acetato, plástico, vidrio o cualquier otro material adecuado para su impresión y que resulte en una calidad óptica suficiente para Ia realización de pruebas optométricas.9. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optotypes (1) are printed on a sheet or support substantially rigid, of natural or synthetic material, paper, cardboard, acetate, plastic, glass or any other material suitable for printing and resulting in sufficient optical quality for the performance of eye tests.
10. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según Ia reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque los optotipos (1) se imprimen mediante una técnica fotográfica.10. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to claim 10, characterized in that the optotypes (1) are printed by a photographic technique.
11. Dispositivo para Ia medida de Ia amplitud de acomodación según las reivindicaciones 10 y 11 , caracterizado porque se obtiene a partir de una copia de los optotipos (1) impresos en una lámina o soporte. 11. Device for measuring the amplitude of accommodation according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that it is obtained from a copy of the optotypes (1) printed on a sheet or support.
PCT/ES2009/000216 2008-04-21 2009-04-20 Device for measuring amplitude of accommodation WO2009130346A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ESP200801140 2008-04-21
ES200801140 2008-04-21

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2456592A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-22 Universidad Complutense De Madrid Box for measuring the amplitude of accommodation with ophthalmic lenses (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2464915A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-04 Universidad Complutense De Madrid Accommodation box for the modified approach method (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3013013A1 (en) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-08 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V., 3400 Göttingen Vision testing board with symbol lines - has intervals between symbols in lines same in all lines on board
US4854695A (en) * 1986-09-26 1989-08-08 Stereo Optical Company, Inc. Visual acuity testing
GB2303466A (en) * 1995-07-20 1997-02-19 Mark Michael Cardiff Dunn Contrast vision screening
US6142631A (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-11-07 University College London Reduced logMAR visual acuity test chart

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3013013A1 (en) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-08 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V., 3400 Göttingen Vision testing board with symbol lines - has intervals between symbols in lines same in all lines on board
US4854695A (en) * 1986-09-26 1989-08-08 Stereo Optical Company, Inc. Visual acuity testing
GB2303466A (en) * 1995-07-20 1997-02-19 Mark Michael Cardiff Dunn Contrast vision screening
US6142631A (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-11-07 University College London Reduced logMAR visual acuity test chart

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2456592A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-22 Universidad Complutense De Madrid Box for measuring the amplitude of accommodation with ophthalmic lenses (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2464915A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-04 Universidad Complutense De Madrid Accommodation box for the modified approach method (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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