WO2005031022A1 - 深絞り性に優れた高強度鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
深絞り性に優れた高強度鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005031022A1 WO2005031022A1 PCT/JP2004/014039 JP2004014039W WO2005031022A1 WO 2005031022 A1 WO2005031022 A1 WO 2005031022A1 JP 2004014039 W JP2004014039 W JP 2004014039W WO 2005031022 A1 WO2005031022 A1 WO 2005031022A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength steel sheet excellent in deep drawability and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention is useful for use in steel sheets for automobiles and the like. It has high tensile strength (TS) of 440 MPa or more and high r value (average r value of 1.2), and has excellent deep drawability. It is intended to propose a steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same. Background art
- TS tensile strength
- Patent Document 1 has a composition of C: 0.002 to 0.015%, Nb: C% X3 to C% X8 + 0.020%, Si: 1.2% or less, Mn: 0.04 to 0.8%, and P: 0.03 to 0.10%.
- DP Dual-Phase steel sheet
- TXE1 strength-ductility balance
- TXE1 strength-ductility balance
- Patent Document 2 As an attempt to improve the r-value of such a composite structure steel sheet, for example, there is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 or Patent Document 3.
- Patent Document 2 after cold rolling, subjected to box annealing at a temperature of recrystallization temperature ⁇ Ac 3 transformation point, then, after heating to 700 to 800 ° C for a composite structure, performing quenching and tempering process Is disclosed.
- quenching and tempering are performed during continuous annealing, the production cost becomes a problem.
- box annealing is inferior to continuous annealing in terms of processing time and efficiency.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that C: 0.003 to 0.03%, Si: 0.2 to 1%, ⁇ : 0.3 to 1.5%, Ti: 0.02 to 0.2% (however, (effective Ti) / (C + N) atoms Composite steel with excellent deep drawability and shape freezing characteristics, characterized by subjecting steel containing (concentration ratio: 0.4 to 0.8) to hot rolling, cold rolling, and then continuous annealing of heating to a predetermined temperature and quenching.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a technique for improving the r-value of a composite structure steel sheet by optimizing the V content in relation to the C content. This is because, before recrystallization annealing, C in the steel is precipitated as V-based carbide to reduce the amount of solute C as much as possible to achieve the ⁇ r value, and then heating in the two-phase region of a- ⁇ , V-based carbide It dissolves and concentrates C in ⁇ , and forms a martensite phase in the subsequent cooling process.
- V causes an increase in cost due to its high cost
- VC precipitated in a hot-rolled sheet is disclosed in Examples, for example, in order to reduce deformation resistance during cold rolling. Cold rolling at a rolling reduction of 70%, as described above, increases the load on the rolls to increase the risk of troubles, and has production problems such as a fear of a decrease in productivity.
- Patent Document 6 This technology is a high-strength steel sheet that contains a specified amount of C, has an average r-value of 1.3 or more, and has a total of at least 3% of at least one of bainite, martensite, and austenite in the structure.
- the manufacturing method is to reduce the rolling rate of cold rolling to 30 to 95%, and then to form clusters and precipitates of A1 and N to develop the texture and increase the r-value.
- annealing It is characterized by annealing and then heat treatment to make the structure contain at least one of bainite, martensite and austenite in a total of 3% or more.
- This method requires annealing after cold rolling to obtain a good r-value and heat treatment to create a structure.
- the annealing process is based on box annealing, and the holding time is 1 hour. It requires a long holding time of more than an hour, and there is a problem that productivity is poor in terms of process (time).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-56-139654
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-10650
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-55-100934
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35900
- Patent Document 5 JP 2002-226941 A
- Patent Document 6 JP 2003-6444A Disclosure of the Invention In order to increase the strength of (soft) steel sheets with excellent deep drawability, the methods of strengthening by solid solution strengthening that have been studied conventionally require the addition of a large or excessive amount of alloying components. However, there was a problem in terms of cost, process, and value improvement itself.
- the method using the strengthening of the structure requires a double annealing (heating) method and high-speed cooling equipment, which has a problem in the manufacturing process.
- a method utilizing VC is disclosed.
- the addition of expensive V leads to an increase in cost, and the precipitation of VC also increases the deformation resistance during rolling, which also makes stable production difficult.
- the purpose is to propose a high-strength steel sheet with excellent deep drawability that has an average r-value of 1.2 even with a high strength of TS ⁇ 500 MPa, a certain amount of TS ⁇ 590 MPa, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention has been studied diligently to solve the above-mentioned problems, and without using special or excessive alloy components or equipment, the C content of 0.010 to 0.050% by mass can be obtained.
- the average r value is 1.2 or more, excellent in deep drawability, and it has a steel structure containing ferrite phase and martensite phase We succeeded in obtaining a high-strength steel sheet.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- Nb 0.01—0.3%
- the content of Nb and C in steel is
- a balance of the steel structure which has a component composition consisting essentially of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and contains a ferrite phase with an area ratio of 50% or more and a martensite phase with an area ratio of 1% or more.
- a high-strength steel sheet having excellent deep drawability characterized by having an average r value of 1.2 or more.
- the steel further contains 0.1% by mass or less of Ti, and the content of Ti S and N in steel is
- Ti S N is the content (% by mass) of each element
- a steel slab having a composition that satisfies the following relationship is subjected to finish rolling by hot rolling at a finish-rolling exit temperature of 800 ° C or higher, and is wound at a winding temperature of 400 to 720 ° C to form a hot-rolled sheet.
- the steel slab further contains Ti: 0.1% by mass or less, and the content of Ti, S and N in the steel is
- This invention is necessary for forming martensite in C content range of 0.010 to 0.050 mass% without thoroughly reducing solid solution C which has a bad influence on deep drawability unlike conventional ultra-low carbon IF steel. Despite the presence of a certain amount of solid solution C, a texture favorable for deep drawing formability was developed to secure an average value of ⁇ 1.2, and good deep drawability was achieved.
- high strength of at least TS440 MPa, more preferably at least 500 MPa, and even more preferably at least TS590 MPa has been achieved.
- Nb has a recrystallization delay effect, so by appropriately controlling the finishing temperature during hot rolling, it is possible to refine the microstructure of the hot-rolled sheet, and Nb has high carbide forming ability.
- the coil winding temperature after hot rolling is also appropriately set. NbC is precipitated in the hot rolled sheet to reduce solid solution C before cold rolling and before recrystallization.
- the presence of such C has been considered to hinder the development of ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallization texture.
- the total C content is not fixed as NbC, but is necessary for the formation of a martensite phase. High r-value can be achieved even though solid solution C exists.
- the positive factor of refining the hot-rolled sheet structure is larger than the negative factor of ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallization texture formation due to the presence of solid solution C. It is thought that it is.
- the precipitation of NbC has the effect of suppressing the precipitation of cementite as well as the precipitation and fixation of solid solution C, which is said to prevent the formation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallization texture.
- coarse cementite at the grain boundaries lowers the r-value, but Nb is considered to have an effect of inhibiting coarse cementite from precipitating at the grain boundaries because Nb diffuses at the grain boundaries faster than inside the grains.
- the matrix hardens due to the presence of finely divided NbC in the grains (in the matrix), and strain tends to accumulate near the grain boundaries, which are relatively softer than the matrix.
- the effect of promoting the generation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallized grains from the grain boundaries is also assumed.
- the effect of depositing NbC in the matrix is It is presumed that this effect is not effective when the c content is about the same as that of conventional ultra-low carbon steel, but only when the C content in the present invention is within the appropriate range (0.010 to 0.050 mass%), this effect is exhibited. Finding the appropriate range of the content is the basis of the technical idea of the present invention.
- a degassing step for producing ultra-low carbon steel is not required in the steelmaking process compared to the conventional technology, and an excessive amount of alloying elements for utilizing solid solution strengthening is used. No addition is required, which is advantageous in terms of cost. In addition, there is no need to add special elements such as V, which increase the alloying cost and rolling load.
- Figure 1 shows the average r-values and P ( 222 )
- FIG. 2 (a) is an optical micrograph when the hot-rolled sheet is immersed in a nital solution to corrode the surface, and is a comparative example not satisfying the appropriate range of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (b) is an optical microscope and microscopic photograph when the hot rolled sheet is immersed in a nital solution to corrode the surface, and is a comparative example that does not satisfy the proper range of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 (a) is an optical micrograph of a hot-rolled sheet immersed in a nital solution to corrode the surface, and is an example of the present invention satisfying the appropriate range of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 (b) is an optical microscope photograph when the hot-rolled sheet is immersed in a nital solution to corrode the surface, and is an example of the present invention satisfying an appropriate range of the present invention.
- C is an important element in the present invention along with Nb described below.
- C is effective for increasing the strength and promotes the formation of a composite structure having a ferrite phase as a main phase and a second phase including a martensite phase. If the C content is less than 0.010%, it is difficult to form a martensite phase, and in the present invention, from the viewpoint of forming a composite structure, C must be contained at 0.010% or more. Preferably, it is 0.015% or more.
- TS500MPa or more it is of course possible to form a composite structure and adjust it with solid solution strengthening elements such as Si, Mn, P, etc.
- the C content is preferably 0.020% or more, and in order to obtain TS590MPa or more, it is desirable to contain C in an amount of 0.025% or more.
- the content of C exceeding 0.050% hinders the development of a texture as in the case of conventional low carbon steel sheets, and a good r value cannot be obtained. Therefore, the upper limit of C is set to 0.050%.
- Si promotes ferrite transformation, increases the C content in untransformed austenite, facilitates formation of a composite structure of ferrite phase and martensite phase, and has the effect of solid solution strengthening.
- Si is preferably contained at 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
- the content of Si exceeds 1.0%, surface defects called red scale occur during hot rolling, and the surface appearance of the steel sheet is deteriorated.
- hot-dip galvanizing including alloying
- the content is preferably reduced, more preferably 0.7% or less.
- Mn is effective in increasing the strength and has the effect of lowering the critical cooling rate at which a martensite phase can be obtained, and promotes the formation of a martensite phase during cooling after annealing. It is preferable to contain it according to the cooling rate after annealing, and Mn is also an element effective in preventing hot cracking due to S. From such a viewpoint, Mn must be contained at 1.0% or more, and preferably at 1.2% or more. On the other hand, the excessive Mn content exceeding 3.0% deteriorates the r value and the weldability, so the upper limit of the Mn content is 3.0%.
- P is an element having the effect of solid solution strengthening. However, if the P content is less than 0.005%, not only the effect is not exhibited, but also the dephosphorization cost increases in the steel making process. Therefore, P should be contained at 0.005% or more, preferably 0.01% or more. On the other hand, if P is contained excessively in excess of 0.1%, P segregates at the grain boundary, and the secondary work brittleness resistance deteriorates. In addition, when forming a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, during alloying treatment after hot-dip galvanizing, the diffusion of Fe from the steel sheet to the coating layer at the interface between the coating layer and the steel sheet is suppressed, and the alloying processability is improved. Deteriorate. Therefore, alloying treatment at a high temperature is required, and the resulting plated layer is likely to cause plating peeling such as padding and chipping. Therefore, the upper limit of the P content is 0.1%.
- S is an impurity that causes hot cracking and also exists as an inclusion in steel and degrades various properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce S as much as possible. Specifically, the S content is allowed to be 0.01% or less, because it is allowable up to 0.01%.
- A1 0.005 to 0.5%
- Al is useful as a solid solution strengthening and deoxidizing element for steel, and also has an effect of fixing solid solution N existing as an impurity to improve the normal temperature aging resistance.
- A1 is also useful as a ferrite-forming element and as a temperature-regulating component in the C12 phase region. In order to exert such an effect, the A1 content needs to be 0.005% or more. 'On the other hand, if the content of A1 exceeds 0.5%, it will lead to high alloy costs and induce surface defects, so the upper limit of the A1 content is 0.5%. More preferably, it is 0.1% or less.
- N is an element that deteriorates the aging resistance at room temperature, and is preferably an element that is reduced as much as possible.
- the N content increases, the aging resistance at room temperature deteriorates, and a large amount of Ti or Al must be added to fix solid solution N. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce as much as possible, but the N content is 0.01%.
- the upper limit of N content is set to 0.01%.
- Nb is the most important element in the present invention, and is an element that has a function of precipitating and fixing C as NbC in a hot-rolled sheet and contributing to a higher r-value in the hot-rolled sheet. . From this viewpoint, Nb must be contained at 0.01% or more. On the other hand, in the present invention, solid solution C is required to form a martensite phase in the cooling process after annealing.However, an excessive Nb content exceeding 0.3% impedes this, so that the Nb content To 0.3%.
- Nb / 93) / (C / 12) indicates the atomic concentration ratio between Nb and C.
- one or more of Mo, Cr, Cu and Ni shown below and / or Ti may be further contained in addition to the above-mentioned composition.
- Ti 0.1% or less, and the content of Ti, S, and N in the steel is (Ti / 4 8 ) / ⁇ (S / 32) + (N / 14) ⁇ ⁇ 2.0
- Ti is an element having the same effect as A1 or more effective than A1 on the precipitation and fixation of solid solution N. To obtain this effect, it is preferable to contain 0.005% or more. However, an excessive addition of more than 0.1% increases the cost, and prevents the formation of TiC to leave solute C necessary for the formation of martensite phase in the steel. Therefore, the Ti content is preferably set to 0.1% or less.
- Ti binds preferentially to S and N in steel and then to C.
- the amount of Ti added Ti, 48) / ⁇ (S / 32) + (N / 14) ⁇ exceeds 2.0
- the effect of adding Ti to fixation saturates, and the adverse effect of promoting the formation of TiC and preventing solid solution C from remaining in the steel is increased. Therefore, the Ti content is It is preferable that (Ti / 48) / ⁇ (S / 32) + (N / 14) ⁇ ⁇ 2.0 be satisfied in relation to the contents of S and N which bind preferentially in the polymer.
- Ti, S, and N in the relational expression are the contents (% by mass) of the respective elements.
- the balance other than the above-mentioned components is preferably substantially composed of iron and inevitable impurities.
- B is an element that has the effect of improving the hardenability of steel, and can be contained as necessary.
- the B content exceeds 0.003%, the effect is saturated, so that the content is preferably 0.003% or less.
- Ca and REM have a function of controlling the form of sulfide inclusions, thereby preventing deterioration of various properties of the steel sheet. Such an effect tends to be saturated when the content of one or two selected from Ca and REM exceeds 0.01% in total.
- unavoidable impurities include, for example, Sb, Sn, Zn, Co, and the like.
- the allowable ranges of these contents are as follows: Sb: 0.01% or less, Sn: 0.1% or less, Zn: 0.01%
- Co in the range of 0.1% or less.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention has, in addition to the above steel composition, a steel structure including a ferrite phase having an area ratio of 50% or more and a martensite phase having an area ratio of 1% or more.
- the average r value must be at least 1.2.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention has a good deep drawability and a ferrite phase having an area ratio of 50% or more and a martensite having an area ratio of 1% or more in order to obtain a copper sheet having a tensile strength of ⁇ 440 MPa. It is necessary that the steel sheet be a steel sheet having a steel structure containing a g phase, that is, a so-called composite structure steel sheet.
- the ferrite phase occupying 50% or more of the area ratio as a structure in which a texture preferred for deep drawing formability has been developed, an average value of ⁇ 1.2 can be achieved.
- the ferrite phase decreases and the area ratio is less than 50%, it is difficult to secure good deep drawability, and press formability tends to decrease.
- the ferrite phase has an area ratio of 70% or more. In order to utilize the advantages of the composite structure, the area ratio of the ferrite phase is preferably 99% or less.
- the “ferrite phase” includes, in addition to the polygonal ferrite phase, a vanite ferrite phase having a high dislocation density transformed from the austenite phase.
- the martensite phase must be present, and the martensite phase must be contained in an area ratio of 1% or more. If the martensite phase is less than 1%, it is difficult to secure TS ⁇ 440MPa, and it is difficult to obtain a good balance of strength and ductility.
- the martensite phase is preferably set to 3% or more.
- the total area ratio of the ferrite phase and the martensite phase is preferably set to 80% or more.
- the average r value is 1.2 or more
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned composition steel composition and also has an average r value of 1.2 or more.
- the “average r value” means the average plastic strain ratio determined by JIS Z 2254, and is a value calculated from the following equation.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned components, steel microstructure and properties, and has a texture, which is obtained by X-ray diffraction at a steel sheet 1/4 sheet thickness position, and is parallel to the sheet surface (222) Plane, (200) plane, (110) plane and (310) plane
- the r value is high when the plate surface has a texture parallel to the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane, but the r value is low when the texture is parallel to the ⁇ 110 ⁇ or ⁇ 100 ⁇ plane.
- the ⁇ 111 ⁇ texture means that the ⁇ 111> direction of the crystal is oriented perpendicular to the steel sheet surface.
- ⁇ -Fe which is a body-centered cubic structure
- diffraction on the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane does not occur on the (111) plane, but occurs on the (222) plane.
- the value of the (222) plane (P ( 222 )) was used as the diffraction integrated intensity ratio.
- the (222) plane is substantially the same as the 111> direction because the [222] direction is oriented perpendicular to the steel sheet surface. Therefore, a high intensity ratio of the (222) plane corresponds to the development of the ⁇ 111 ⁇ texture.
- the value of the (200) plane (P (200) ) was used for the same reason.
- the X-ray diffraction integrated intensity ratio is a relative intensity based on the X-ray diffraction integrated intensity of a non-directional standard sample (irregular sample).
- X-ray diffraction may be either angle-dispersive or energy-dispersive, and the X-ray source may be characteristic X-rays or white X-rays. It is desirable to measure 7 to 10 planes from (110) to (420), which are the main diffraction planes of ⁇ -Fe.
- the 1/4 thickness position of the steel sheet specifically refers to the range of 1/8 to 3/8 of the thickness of the steel sheet measured from the steel sheet surface, and X-ray diffraction It should be done in terms of.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention includes not only a cold-rolled steel sheet but also a steel sheet having a plating layer by performing a surface treatment such as electroplating or hot-dip galvanizing, so-called plated steel sheet.
- plating J refers to pure zinc plating, zinc-based alloy plating containing zinc as a main component and an alloying element, or pure A1 plating, and A1 plating containing an alloying element containing A1 as a main component. It also includes the plating layer conventionally applied to the steel sheet surface, such as alloy plating.
- composition of the steel slab used in the manufacturing method of the present invention is the same as the composition of the steel plate described above, the description of the reason for limiting the steel slab is omitted.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention comprises: a steel slab having a composition within the above-mentioned range as a raw material; a hot rolling step of subjecting the raw material to hot rolling to form a hot-rolled sheet; It can be manufactured by sequentially passing through a cold rolling step of forming a cold-rolled sheet by rolling and a cold-rolling sheet annealing step of achieving recrystallization and composite structure of the cold-rolled sheet.
- a steel slab is subjected to finish rolling by hot rolling at a finish rolling exit temperature of 800 ° C or higher, and is wound at a winding temperature of 400 to 720 ° C to obtain a hot rolled sheet. (Hot rolling process).
- the steel slab used in the production method of the present invention is desirably produced by a continuous production method in order to prevent macro segregation of components, but may be produced by an ingot-forming method or a thin slab production method.
- direct-feed rolling in which a slab is charged into a heating furnace without cooling and hot-rolled, or Direct feed rolling, in which hot rolling is performed immediately after performing a slight heat retention. Energy saving processes such as direct rolling can be applied without any problem.
- the slab heating temperature is preferably low because the precipitates are coarsened to develop ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallized texture and improve deep drawability. However, if the heating temperature is less than 1000 ° C, the rolling load increases, and the risk of occurrence of trouble during hot rolling increases. Therefore, the slab heating temperature is preferably set to 1000 ° C or more. Note that the upper limit of the slab heating temperature is preferably set to 1300 ° C. due to an increase in scale loss accompanying an increase in oxidation weight.
- the steel slab heated under the above conditions is subjected to hot rolling for rough rolling and finish rolling.
- the steel slab is turned into a sheet bar by rough rolling.
- the conditions for the rough rolling need not be particularly specified, and may be performed according to a conventional method.
- the sheet par is finish-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled sheet.
- the finish rolling exit temperature (FT) should be 800 ° C or more. This is to obtain a fine hot-rolled sheet structure that can obtain excellent deep drawability after cold rolling and annealing. If the FT is less than 800 ° C, the load during hot rolling increases and the work recovered (ferrite grain) structure tends to remain in the hot-rolled sheet structure. Hinders the development of texture. Therefore, FT should be 800 ° C or higher. Note that when the FT exceeds 980 ° C, the structure becomes coarse, which also tends to hinder the formation and development of the ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallized texture after cold-rolled annealing, so that a high r value is obtained.
- the upper limit of FT is preferably set to 980 ° C. More preferably, by increasing the rolling reduction in the unrecrystallized ⁇ region immediately above the Ar 3 transformation point as much as possible, it is possible to form a texture favorable to high binarization after cold rolling annealing.
- lubricating rolling may be performed between some or all of the passes of finish rolling.
- Performing lubricating rolling is effective from the viewpoint of uniformizing the shape of the steel sheet and homogenizing the material.
- the coefficient of friction during lubrication rolling is preferably in the range of 0.10 to 0.25.
- the coil winding temperature should be in the range of 400 to 720 ° C. This temperature range is an appropriate temperature range for precipitating NbC in the hot-rolled sheet. If the CT exceeds 720 ° C, the crystal grains become coarse, causing a decrease in strength and hindering the increase in r-value after cold rolling annealing. In addition, when the CT force S is lower than 400 ° C, precipitation of NbC is unlikely to occur, and high! : Disadvantageous for price. In addition, CT is preferably 550 to 680 ° C.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is made from a hot-rolled sheet having a composition within the above-described range and having an average crystal grain size of 8 ⁇ m or less, and It can be manufactured by sequentially performing a cold rolling step of subjecting a cold rolled sheet to cold rolling to give a cold rolled sheet, and a cold rolling sheet annealing step of achieving recrystallization and composite organization of the cold rolled sheet.
- the structure of the hot-rolled sheet has an average crystal grain size of 8 or less.
- FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (b), 3 (a) and 3 (b) are optical micrographs of a hot rolled steel sheet which has been corroded by nital.
- Nital solution 3% nitric acid alcohol solution - a 3% HN0 3 C 2 H 5 0H
- Average grain size of hot-rolled sheet 5.9 / ⁇ , obtained by cold rolling annealing.
- the average r-value of the obtained steel sheet is 1.0
- the average grain size of the hot-rolled sheet 2.8 m
- the average r-value of the steel sheet obtained by cold-rolling annealing 1.5
- Figs. 3 (a) and 3 ( b) is a hot-rolled steel sheet having the composition of the present invention.
- the manufacturing conditions and the like are described in detail in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- Fig. 2 (a) shows the Nb-free steel, which deviates componently from the steel of the present invention.
- the average crystal grain size of the hot-rolled sheet is 8 / m or more, and the r-value is low.
- FIG. 2 (b) although the structure of the hot-rolled sheet is refined by adding Nb, the effect is not exhibited and the r-value is low because the ratio of NbZC is out of the range of the present invention.
- 3 (a) and 3 (b) show the steel of the present invention, in which the microstructure of the hot-rolled sheet is refined and the r-value is increased.
- the crystal grain size was measured using the above line (1) and line (2) as grain boundaries.
- the crystal grain size is often referred to as a so-called large-angle grain boundary when the inclination is 15 ° or more, and a so-called small-angle grain boundary when the inclination is less than 15 °.
- the above shallow corrosion line (2) EBSP (Electron Back Scatter Diffraction Pattern) analysis showed that this shallow corrosion line (2) is a so-called low-angle grain boundary with an angle of less than 15 °.
- the present invention is characterized in that there are so-called small-angle grain boundaries having a tilt angle of less than 15 ° in the hot-rolled sheet, that is, a large number of the above-mentioned lines (2).
- the average grain size of the hot-rolled sheet should be 8 m or less.
- measuring the grain size using the above-mentioned lines (1) and (2) as the grain boundaries means that the grain boundaries having an inclination angle of 5 ° or more were defined as grain boundaries. It was confirmed that this was equivalent to measuring the particle size by considering it as a field.
- the crystal grain size was measured by taking an image of the microstructure of a plate thickness section (L section) parallel to the rolling direction using an optical microscope and cutting it on the sample surface by a cutting method according to JIS G 0552 or ASTM. Find the average intercept length 1 of the grains at
- the length of the section having the above average particle diameter was determined by a cutting method according to JISG0552, in which a microstructure was imaged with an optical microscope for a cross section of the plate thickness parallel to the rolling direction.
- the number of ferrite crystal grains cut by a line segment of a fixed length in the rolling direction and in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was measured in accordance with JISG0552 using the photographed microstructure photograph, and the line segment was measured.
- the length obtained by dividing the length of the ferrite by the number of ferrite grains cut by the line segment is determined as the intercept length in each direction, and the average (arithmetic mean) value is calculated as the average
- the section length was 1 (m).
- the steel of the present invention it is preferable that at least 15% of the total C content is precipitated and fixed as NbC in the hot rolling step. That is, in the hot-rolled sheet stage Therefore, it is desirable that the amount of C precipitated and fixed as NbC accounts for 15% or more of the total C amount in steel.
- the ratio of the amount of C precipitated and fixed as Nb C to the total amount of C in the steel (hereinafter, simply referred to as “the ratio of the amount of C precipitated and fixed”) is defined as the chemical analysis (extraction analysis) of hot-rolled sheets. This is a value calculated by the following equation from the precipitated Nb amount obtained by the above method.
- Nb forms NbN
- [C] fix is the percentage (%) of C that is deposited and fixed
- [C] t . tal is the total C content (% by mass) in steel
- Nb], N], [Ti], and [S] are precipitated Nb, precipitated N, precipitated Ti, and precipitated Si (% by mass), respectively.
- the hot-rolled sheet is subjected to cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled sheet (cold rolling step).
- the hot-rolled sheet is preferably subjected to pickling before cold rolling in order to remove scale.
- the pickling may be performed under ordinary conditions.
- the cold rolling conditions are not particularly limited as long as a cold rolled sheet having a desired size and shape can be obtained, but the rolling reduction during cold rolling is preferably at least 40% or more, more preferably 50% or less. Above.
- a high cold rolling reduction is generally effective for increasing the r-value, and if the reduction is less than 40%, the ⁇ 111 ⁇ recrystallization texture is difficult to develop and excellent deep drawability can be obtained. Becomes difficult.
- the r-value increases as the cold reduction is increased in the range up to 90%, but if it exceeds 90%, the effect is not only saturated but also the load on the roll during cold rolling is increased. Therefore, the upper limit is preferably set to 90%.
- the above cold rolled sheet is annealed at an annealing temperature of 800 ° C or more and 950 ° C or less, and then cooled at an average cooling rate of 5 ° C / s or more in the temperature range from the annealing temperature to 500 ° C. (Cold-rolled sheet annealing process).
- the above annealing is preferably performed in a continuous annealing line or a continuous molten zinc plating line, and is performed in a temperature range of 800 to 950 ° C.
- the annealing temperature is the highest temperature reached during annealing, by a 800 ° C or higher, a- y 2 phase region, i.e., to obtain tissue comprising ferrite phase and martensite phase after cooling
- the temperature can be higher than the required temperature and higher than the recrystallization temperature.
- Annealing temperature should be 800 ° C or more.
- the annealing temperature is set to 950 ° C or less.
- the heating rate during the above annealing particularly from 300 ° C to 700 ° C, is less than l ° C / s, strain energy is released by recovery before recrystallization. Therefore, the driving force for recrystallization tends to be reduced, so it is preferable that the average of the temperature from 300 ° C to 700 ° C be 1 ° C / s or more.
- the upper limit of the heating rate does not need to be specified. In the current facilities, the upper limit of the average heating rate from 300 ° C to 700 ° C is about 50 ° CZs. From 700 ° C to the annealing temperature, the temperature is preferably raised to not less than 0.
- the average cooling rate up to 500 ° C is equal to or higher than the critical cooling rate. Satisfaction is made at 5 ° C / s or more. Cooling at less than 500 ° C is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to continue cooling to 300 ° C at an average cooling rate of 5 ° C / s or more. It is preferable that the average cooling rate up to the processing temperature is 5 ° C / s or more.
- the upper limit of the cooling rate is not particularly limited from the viewpoint of the formation of a martensite phase, and may be cooled using a water quenching facility or the like in addition to roll cooling or gas jet cooling.
- a surface treatment such as an electric plating treatment or a fusion plating treatment may be performed to form a plating layer on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the above-mentioned annealing is performed in a continuous hot-dip galvanizing line, followed by cooling after annealing, followed by a hot-dip galvanizing bath.
- Immersion in a hot-dip galvanizing bath so that the average cooling temperature up to 300 ° C after leaving the bath is 5 ° C / s or more. Cooling is preferred.
- alloying treatment may be further performed to produce an alloyed molten zinc-coated steel sheet.
- cooling after the alloying treatment it is preferable to perform cooling after the alloying treatment so that the average cooling rate up to 300 ° C is 5 ° C / s or more.
- the upper limit of the cooling rate is not particularly limited from the viewpoint of forming the martensite phase.
- cooling may be performed using a water quenching facility or the like.
- the process up to the cooling after the annealing may be performed in an annealing line, and after cooling to room temperature, a separate molten zinc plating line may be applied to the molten zinc plating, or an alloying process may be further performed.
- the plating layer is not limited to pure zinc plating and zinc-based alloy plating, but it is of course possible to use various plating layers conventionally applied to the steel sheet surface, such as A1 plating and A1 alloy plating. is there.
- the cold-rolled steel sheet also referred to as a cold-rolled annealed sheet
- the plated steel sheet manufactured as described above may be subjected to temper rolling or leveler processing for the purpose of shape correction, adjustment of surface roughness, and the like.
- the elongation percentage of the temper rolling or leveling is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 15% in total. If it is less than 0.2%, the intended purpose of shape correction and roughness adjustment may not be achieved. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15%, the ductility tends to be remarkably reduced, which is not preferable. Note that although the form of processing differs between temper rolling and leveler processing, it has been confirmed that there is no significant difference between the two. Temper rolling and leveling are effective even after plating. Example
- Molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was smelted in a converter and made into a slab by the continuous casting method. These steel slabs were heated to 1250 ° C and roughly rolled to form a sheet, and then hot-rolled by a hot rolling process in which finish rolling was performed under the conditions shown in Table 2. The sheet was pickled and then cold rolled with a rolling reduction of 65% to form a cold-rolled sheet with a thickness of 1.2 mm. Then, the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet was subjected to temper rolling at an elongation of 0.5%, and various properties were evaluated.
- a cold-rolled sheet annealing process is performed on the hot-dip galvanizing line, followed by in-line hot-dip galvanizing (plating bath temperature: 480 ° C) to obtain a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.
- the steel sheet No. 25 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2 (a) and the steel sheet No. 26 is the steel sheet No. 27 shown in FIG. 2 (b).
- FIG. 3 (a), and steel No. 28 is a diagram 3 (b).
- Table 2 shows the results of investigations on the microstructure, tensile properties and r-value of each of the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheets and hot-dip galvanized steel sheets.
- the ratio of the amount of C precipitated and fixed as NbC and the microstructure (crystal grain size) of the hot rolled sheet after the hot rolling process were examined.
- the survey method is as follows.
- the amounts of precipitated Nb, precipitated Ti, precipitated N, and precipitated S were quantified by extraction analysis, and were determined by the following equation.
- [C] fix is the percentage (%) of C that is deposited and fixed
- [C] t . tal is the total C content (% by mass) in steel
- Nb], N], [Ti], and [S] are precipitated Nb, precipitated N, precipitated Ti, and precipitated Si (% by mass), respectively.
- the extraction analysis was performed by subjecting a residue obtained by electrolytic extraction using a 10% maleic acid-based electrolyte to alkali fusion, dissolving the melt in acid, and quantifying the solution by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the thickness cross section (L cross section) parallel to the rolling direction of the nital corrosion was imaged with an optical microscope, and the cutting method according to JIS G 0552 was used to determine the average crystal grain section length 1 (m) as described above.
- ASTM Standard particle size
- d n l.13X 1
- both the lines that were corroded by the nital solution and corroded deeply as usual, and the lines with shallow corrosion were counted as the grain boundaries.
- EBSP analysis it was confirmed by EBSP analysis that the value of the average crystal grain size measured in this way was equivalent to the value measured by regarding the grain boundaries having a tilt angle of 5 ° or more as crystal grain boundaries.
- Tar solution a 3% nitric acid alcohol solution - using (3% HN0 3 C 2 H s 0H), corroded 10-15 seconds.
- a test specimen was collected from each cold-rolled annealed sheet, and the microstructure of the plate thickness section (L section) parallel to the rolling direction was imaged at a magnification of 400,000 to 10,000 using an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope.
- the area ratio of the ferrite phase, which is the main phase, and the area ratio of the second phase were determined from a 1000 to 3000 times image.
- a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece was sampled from each of the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheets in the direction of 90 ° (C direction) with respect to the rolling direction, and subjected to a tensile test at a crosshead speed of lOmm / min in accordance with JIS Z 2241.
- the yield stress (YS), tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E1) were determined.
- JIS No. 5 tensile test pieces were collected from the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheets in the rolling direction (L direction), 45 ° direction (D direction) with respect to the rolling direction, and 90 ° direction (C direction) with respect to the rolling direction.
- L direction rolling direction
- D direction 45 ° direction
- C direction 90 ° direction
- JIS Z 2254 Average plastic strain ratio
- r. , R 45 and r 9 Is the plastic strain ratio obtained by measuring a test piece in the 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° directions with respect to the rolling direction of the sheet surface, respectively.
- the measurement planes are the main diffraction planes of a-Fe (110) plane, (200> plane, (211) plane, (220) plane, (310) plane, (222) plane, (321) plane, and (400 ), (411), and (420) were measured on a total of 10 surfaces, and the X-ray diffraction integrated intensity ratio of each surface was calculated based on the relative intensity ratio with the non-directional standard sample.
- TS is 440 MPa or more
- the average r value is 1.2 or more, which is excellent in deep drawability.
- the strength is insufficient, or the r value is less than 1.2, and the deep drawability is poor.
- a high strength steel sheet having an average r value of 1.2 or more and excellent in deep drawability can be manufactured inexpensively and stably even if the strength is TS440 MPa or more, or TS500 MPa or TS590 MPa or more.
- This has a significant industrial effect.
- the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is applied to automobile parts, it is possible to increase the strength of parts where press forming has been difficult so far, and to sufficiently contribute to collision safety and weight reduction of an automobile body. There is. It is applicable not only to automobile parts but also to home appliance parts and materials for pipes16.
- C r C amount is deposited secured as bC during the hot-rolled sheet gamma ': retained austenite
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Abstract
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CA2530834A CA2530834C (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-17 | High-strength steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and process for producing the same |
CN200480022331.XA CN1833042A (zh) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-17 | 深冲性优良的高强度钢板及其制造方法 |
KR1020067001268A KR100760593B1 (ko) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-17 | 심인발성이 뛰어난 고강도 강판 및 그 제조방법 |
EP04773419.9A EP1666622B1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-17 | High strength steel sheet excellent in deep drawing characteristics and method for production thereof |
US10/566,852 US7686896B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-17 | High-strength steel sheet excellent in deep drawing characteristics and method for production thereof |
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- 2004-09-17 CA CA2530834A patent/CA2530834C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-17 CN CN201210003599.5A patent/CN102517493B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-17 WO PCT/JP2004/014039 patent/WO2005031022A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-17 EP EP04773419.9A patent/EP1666622B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-17 KR KR1020067001268A patent/KR100760593B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-09-17 US US10/566,852 patent/US7686896B2/en active Active
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JPH10121205A (ja) * | 1995-09-26 | 1998-05-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 面内異方性が小さく耐リジング性に優れるフェライト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP2002226941A (ja) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-08-14 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 深絞り性に優れた複合組織型高張力冷延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP2002256386A (ja) * | 2001-02-27 | 2002-09-11 | Nkk Corp | 高強度溶融亜鉛メッキ鋼板およびその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See also references of EP1666622A4 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1972698A1 (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2008-09-24 | JFE Steel Corporation | Hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheets and process for production thereof |
EP1972698A4 (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2014-06-18 | Jfe Steel Corp | FIRE-PLATED STEEL PLATE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR |
US20120138194A1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2012-06-07 | Nucor Corporation | High strength, hot dip coated, dual phase, steel sheet and method of manufacturing same |
US11155902B2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2021-10-26 | Nucor Corporation | High strength, hot dip coated, dual phase, steel sheet and method of manufacturing same |
CN114196882A (zh) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-18 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | 一种高表面质量高强度汽车面板用钢带卷及其制备方法 |
CN114196882B (zh) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-10-28 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | 一种高表面质量高强度汽车面板用钢带卷及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1666622B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
CA2530834C (en) | 2011-11-01 |
EP1666622A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
CN102517493B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
US7686896B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 |
US20060191612A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
EP1666622A4 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
CN102517493A (zh) | 2012-06-27 |
JP2005120467A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
KR20060030909A (ko) | 2006-04-11 |
KR100760593B1 (ko) | 2007-09-20 |
CA2530834A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
JP4635525B2 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
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