WO2002094522A1 - Method for the continuous production of fiber plates - Google Patents

Method for the continuous production of fiber plates Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002094522A1
WO2002094522A1 PCT/EP2002/005220 EP0205220W WO02094522A1 WO 2002094522 A1 WO2002094522 A1 WO 2002094522A1 EP 0205220 W EP0205220 W EP 0205220W WO 02094522 A1 WO02094522 A1 WO 02094522A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
press
section
inlet
heat
fiber mat
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Application number
PCT/EP2002/005220
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Beck
Original Assignee
Metso Paper, Inc.
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Application filed by Metso Paper, Inc. filed Critical Metso Paper, Inc.
Publication of WO2002094522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002094522A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/24Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a method is known for example from DE 198 10 304 C1.
  • a recooling zone is therefore provided in a rear section of the press section, within which heat is removed from the web being formed, but the pressure is at least essentially maintained.
  • cooling devices downstream of the pressing section can be dispensed with and fluctuations in the bed (e.g. moisture, temperature) influence the product quality far less.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a generic method in such a way that the production rate of fiberboard which can be achieved with the double belt press is increased while at the same time maintaining the desired panel properties.
  • the production rate can be achieved while maintaining or improving the sheet properties if the bed of the material to be pressed is preheated before the inlet.
  • Heat is particularly preferred, which heats the bed (or also fiber mat) up to a maximum of 100 ° C.
  • the heating can be carried out in any way, for example by water or steam spraying or also by microwave heating.
  • the problem on which the invention is based is also solved according to the invention if one or more of the process parameters which can be varied at the press inlet - such as fiber mat moisture, fiber mat temperature,
  • Amount of water spraying on both sides of the fiber mat choice of glue type, gluing factors - as well as the process parameters in the press section - such as heating temperature, cooling temperature, press speed, specific press pressures, press factors (ie press time / plate thickness) - depending on the desired press plate properties when exiting the press section - such as Bulk density and residual moisture of the press plate - adjusted, controlled or regulated. It also falls within the scope of the invention to combine the methods according to claims 1 and 2 with one another. The preferred ranges of variation of the parameters to be changed are specified in the subclaims.
  • the drawing shows an embodiment of a double belt press suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • the double belt press designated as a whole by 100, is used to produce fiberboard, which consist of fibers bound by means of a binder which cures under pressure and heat. It comprises an upper forming belt 1 made of sheet steel of approximately 2 to 3 mm in thickness and an equally lower forming belt 2. Between the forming belts 1, 2, a web 4 is compressed in the pressing section 3 from a bed which is fed to the pressing section at the inlet 60 , which consists of the fiber material provided with the binder, which after pressing results in one of the aforementioned materials.
  • the upper forming belt 1 runs around rollers or drums 5,6 arranged transversely to the web and can be hydraulically tensioned between these drums 5,6.
  • the forming belt 2 runs over drums 11, 12 arranged transversely to the web 4, which also achieve hydraulic tensioning of the forming belt 2.
  • the shaping belts 1, 2 are driven via the drums.
  • the forming strips 1, 2 run through the device in the sense indicated by the arrows 16.
  • the lower run 1 'of the upper forming belt 1 and the upper run 2' of the lower forming belt 2 move closely one above the other.
  • the bed 4 'applied to a conveyor belt (not shown) on the left in the drawing is drawn into the pressing section 3 and compressed between the runs 1', 2 '.
  • the outgoing, finished pressed and hardened web 4 of the plate material is divided on the right side according to the drawing by suitable devices, not shown, and conveyed away.
  • an upper support structure 17 is provided in the inner region of the forming belt 1 above its lower run 1 ', which cooperates with a lower support structure 18 provided in the inner region of the lower forming belt 2 below its upper run 2'.
  • the support structures 17, 18 support the areas of the shaping tapes 1, 2 facing the web 4 against the web 4 and press them against one another with great force.
  • the support structures 17, 18 each consist of individual supports 19, 20, which are arranged in pairs one above the other above and below the forming strips 1, 2 and the web 4. Each pair of supports 19, 20 is clamped together by strong spindles, not shown, located laterally outside the press section 3, so that individual pressure members are formed which are self-contained in terms of force.
  • Support plates 26, 27, which transmit the force exerted by the individual supports 19, 20 evenly to the forming belts 1, 2 and thus to the web 4.
  • the support plates 26, 27 have channels which run transversely to the web 4 and run through their width and through which a heat transfer medium can be passed.
  • the channels follow each other closely in the direction of travel 16 and are connected to one another at the ends by pipe bends, so that groups of channels are flowed through in a meandering manner by a common heat transfer medium.
  • Form bands 1, 2 are arranged roller chains 30, on which form bands 1, 2 roll on support plates 26, 27 and which circulate endlessly in a vertical longitudinal plane around support plates 26, 27 within form bands 1, 2. fen.
  • the rollers of the roller chains 30 transmit both the pressure and the heat of the support plates 26, 27 to the forming belts 1, 2 and thus the web 4 that is being formed.
  • the forming belts 1, 2 are thus subjected to a purely rolling support in the pressing section 3.
  • the press section 3 is divided into two sections 3 'and 3 "which follow one another in the running direction 16 of the web 4.
  • the heat is supplied by the heating of the heat transfer medium, which causes a certain formation of steam in the compressed bed 4 'and the hardening of the binder contained therein.
  • the heat transfer medium for example a
  • Thermal oil is heated and circulated in a heat exchanger 40, so that the heat medium which has just been heated is fed in the direction of arrow 41 at the beginning of the first section 3 ′ and in the direction of arrow 42 at the end of the first section again from the channels of the support plates 26, 27 removed and returned to the heat exchanger 40 in a closed circuit.
  • the heat exchanger can in turn be acted upon by a further heat transfer medium heated in a heating unit 43 with heating registers 44, or it can itself contain the heating.
  • section 3 "of the pressing section 3 the pressure must be maintained until the binder has hardened and the vapor pressure has been reduced sufficiently, otherwise the bond just formed in the binder will tear again.
  • a heat transfer medium is also circulated such that it is supplied at the beginning of section 3 "in the direction of arrow 51 and is removed again at the end of section 3" in the direction of arrow 52.
  • the heat transfer medium flows through a heat exchanger 50, in which, however, no heat is supplied to it, but on the contrary, part of the heat supplied in the first section 3 ′, which is caused by the movement of the
  • Form tapes 1, 2, the roller chains 30 and the web 4 in the rear section 3 "has been reached, is withdrawn again.
  • the extracted heat relaxes the steam and thus reduces the steam pressure.
  • the heat extracted in the heat exchanger 50 is used in an aggregate 53, which is only symbolically indicated in the drawing, be it for heating purposes or be it at a point upstream of the process sequence for heating the particles on the left side of the drawing Drying the particles to be used for heating water and / or thermal oil or for similar purposes.
  • an aggregate 53 which is only symbolically indicated in the drawing, be it for heating purposes or be it at a point upstream of the process sequence for heating the particles on the left side of the drawing Drying the particles to be used for heating water and / or thermal oil or for similar purposes.
  • the channels formed transversely to the track 4 in the support plates can be connected differently to groups in succession in the running direction 16.
  • the passage of a further heat transfer medium, which is not heated, through the second section 3 ′′ can also take place if the support plates 26, 27 and the roller chains 30 are designed to be continuous over the entire length of the pressing section 3.
  • the sections 3 ', 3 are separated not only from one another with regard to their loading with heat transfer medium, but also mechanically.
  • first section 3' separate support plates 26 ', 27' are located opposite one another above and below the web 4 which extend from the inlet to a point 28 at the end of the first section 3 'and are encircled by associated endless roller chains 30'.
  • point 28 separate support plates 26 ", 27" begin therefrom which extend to the end of the pressing section 3 or of the rear section 3 "and are encircled by separate roller chains 30".
  • the separating point 28, at which the shaping tapes 1, 2 pass from the first section 3 'into the rear section 3 ", is made as short as is structurally possible is. Because of the required deflection of the roller chains 30 ', 30 "over a radius, the supported tongue-free section at point 28 about 150 mm, which is irrelevant for the failure of the plate material.
  • variable process parameters of both the material to be pressed at the inlet 60 and the process parameters in the press section are set, controlled or controlled with regard to the production speeds and properties of the plate material to be achieved after leaving the press section regulated, in the last two cases the double belt press is still equipped with devices (not shown in the drawing) for detecting and influencing the process parameters to be varied.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the continuos production of fiber plates consisting of plate materials comprising fibers stuck together by a binding agent and hardened under pressure and heat in a double-band press (100), wherein the fibers provided with the binding agent are dispersed in an inlet (60) of the double-band press on a horizontal trunk of a conveyor belt to form a bulk material (4') and are hardened under pressure and heat in a pressing path (3) located between the upper trunk (2') and the lower trunk (1') synchronously running in the same direction of advancement (16) of the double-band press (100) so as to form a web (4) from the plate material. Method parameters such as fiber mat humidity, fiber mat temperature, type of adhesive used and/or gluing factors are set, controlled or regulated in the inlet (60) depending on the method parameters of the pressing process such as press speed, heating temperature, cooling temperature, etc. with the purpose of achieving a target production speed and residual humidity in the plate material after it has left the pressing path (3).

Description

Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Faserplatten Process for the continuous production of fiberboard
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein solches Verfahren ist beispielsweise aus der DE 198 10 304 C1 bekannt.Such a method is known for example from DE 198 10 304 C1.
Bei der Herstellung von Faserplattenwerkstoffen, die in Abhängigkeit ihrer Dichte unter den Kürzeln HDF (Hochdichte Faserplatten), MDF (Mitteldichte Faserplatten), LDF (Leichte Faserplatten) und SLDF (Superleichte Faserplatten) bekannt sind, muß in der ersten Zone der Preßstrecke eine erhebli- ehe Wärme in das Material der Schüttung eingebracht werden, um die Aushärtereaktion des Bindemittels durchzuführen. Die in der Schüttung enthaltene Feuchtigkeit dient dabei zum Transport der Wärme in die Schüttung und Plastifizierung der Schüttung. In einem hinteren, d.h. nachfolgenden, gegen das Ende der Preßstrecke hin gelegenen Abschnitt muß die Wärmezufuhr nicht mehr so groß sein, sondern es kommt vorwiegend auf die Aufrechterhaltung des Drucks an, damit eingeleitete Bindungen innerhalb des glatten Materials nicht durch vorzeitige Entlastung von der völligen Aushärtung wieder aufgerissen werden und so die Plattenwerkstoffe zerstören.In the production of fiberboard materials, which are known depending on their density under the abbreviations HDF (high density fiberboard), MDF (medium density fiberboard), LDF (light fiberboard) and SLDF (super light fiberboard), there must be a significant increase in the first zone of the press section. before heat is introduced into the material of the bed in order to carry out the hardening reaction of the binder. The moisture contained in the bed serves to transport the heat into the bed and plasticize the bed. In a rear, i.e. Subsequent, towards the end of the pressing section, the heat supply no longer has to be as great, but it is mainly about maintaining the pressure, so that initiated bonds within the smooth material are not torn open by premature relief from complete hardening and so on destroy the board materials.
Bei dem aus der DE 198 10 304 C1 bekannten Verfahren bzw. bei der aus dieser bekannten Doppelbandpresse ist daher in einem hinteren Abschnitt der Preßstrecke eine Rückkühlzone vorgesehen, innerhalb welcher der sich bildenden Bahn zwar Wärme entzogen, jedoch der Druck zumindest im wesentlichen aufrechterhalten wird. Um die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit zu erhöhen, ist eine möglichst weitgehende Kühlung in dem hinteren Abschnitt der Preßstrecke wünschenswert, da hierdurch auf der Preßstrecke nachgeschaltete Kühleinrichtungen verzichtet werden kann und Schwankungen in der Schüttung (z. B. Feuchte, Temperatur) weit weniger die Produktqualität beeinflussen.In the method known from DE 198 10 304 C1 or in the known double belt press, a recooling zone is therefore provided in a rear section of the press section, within which heat is removed from the web being formed, but the pressure is at least essentially maintained. In order to increase the production speed, as far as possible cooling in the rear section of the pressing section is desirable, since this means that cooling devices downstream of the pressing section can be dispensed with and fluctuations in the bed (e.g. moisture, temperature) influence the product quality far less.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren derart weiterzubilden, daß die mit der Doppelbandpresse erzielbare Produktionsrate an Faserplatten bei gleichzeitiger Aufrechterhaltung der ge- wünschten Platteneigenschaften erhöht wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a generic method in such a way that the production rate of fiberboard which can be achieved with the double belt press is increased while at the same time maintaining the desired panel properties.
Diese Aufgabe wird in einem ersten Aspekt durch das in Anspruch 1 in einem zweiten Aspekt durch das in Anspruch 2 wiedergegebene Verfahren gelöst.This object is achieved in a first aspect by the method set out in claim 1 and in a second aspect by the method set out in claim 2.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß die Produktionsrate bei gleichzeitiger Beibehaltung oder Verbesserung der Platteneigenschaften erzielt werden kann, wenn die Schüttung des zu verpressenden Materials vor dem Einlauf vorgeheizt wird. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Wärmezufuhr, die die Schüttung (oder auch Fasermatte) bis maximal 100°C aufheizt. Die Aufhei- zung kann auf jede beliebige Weise erfolgen, beispielsweise durch Wasseroder Dampfbedüsung oder auch durch eine Mikrowellenheizung.Surprisingly, it has been found that the production rate can be achieved while maintaining or improving the sheet properties if the bed of the material to be pressed is preheated before the inlet. Heat is particularly preferred, which heats the bed (or also fiber mat) up to a maximum of 100 ° C. The heating can be carried out in any way, for example by water or steam spraying or also by microwave heating.
Das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Problem wird erfindungsgemäß auch gelöst, wenn einzelne oder mehrere der am Presseneinlauf variierbaren Verfahrensparameter - wie Fasermattenfeuchte, Fasermattentemperatur,The problem on which the invention is based is also solved according to the invention if one or more of the process parameters which can be varied at the press inlet - such as fiber mat moisture, fiber mat temperature,
Menge der beidseitigen Wasserbedüsung der Fasermatte, Wahl der Leimart, Beleimungsfaktoren - sowie der Verfahrensparameter in der Preßstrecke - wie Heiztemperatur, Kühltemperatur, Pressengeschwindigkeit, spezifische Preßdrücke, Preßfaktoren (d.h. Preßzeit/Plattendicke) - in Abhängigkeit der gewünschten Preßplatteneigenschaften beim Austritt aus der Preßstrecke - wie Rohdichte und Restfeuchte der Preßplatte - eingestellt, gesteuert oder geregelt. Es fällt auch in den Rahmen der Erfindung, die Verfahren gemäß der Ansprüche 1 und 2 miteinander zu kombinieren. Die bevorzugten Variationsbreiten der zu verändernden Parameter sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Amount of water spraying on both sides of the fiber mat, choice of glue type, gluing factors - as well as the process parameters in the press section - such as heating temperature, cooling temperature, press speed, specific press pressures, press factors (ie press time / plate thickness) - depending on the desired press plate properties when exiting the press section - such as Bulk density and residual moisture of the press plate - adjusted, controlled or regulated. It also falls within the scope of the invention to combine the methods according to claims 1 and 2 with one another. The preferred ranges of variation of the parameters to be changed are specified in the subclaims.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeigneten Doppelbandpresse im Längsschnitt dargestellt.The drawing shows an embodiment of a double belt press suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention in longitudinal section.
Die als Ganzes mit 100 bezeichnete Doppelbandpresse dient zur Herstellung von Faserplatten, die aus mittels eines unter Druck und Wärme aushärtenden Bindemittels gebundenen Fasern bestehen. Sie umfaßt ein oberes Formband 1 aus Stahlblech von etwa 2 bis 3 mm Stärke und ein ebensolches unteres Formband 2. Zwischen den Formbändern 1 , 2 wird in der Preßstrecke 3 eine Bahn 4 aus einer Schüttung, die der Preßstrecke am Einlauf 60 zugeführt wird, zusammengepreßt, die aus dem mit dem Bindemittel versehenen Fasermaterial besteht, das nach dem Pressen einen der vorgenannten Werkstoffe ergibt.The double belt press, designated as a whole by 100, is used to produce fiberboard, which consist of fibers bound by means of a binder which cures under pressure and heat. It comprises an upper forming belt 1 made of sheet steel of approximately 2 to 3 mm in thickness and an equally lower forming belt 2. Between the forming belts 1, 2, a web 4 is compressed in the pressing section 3 from a bed which is fed to the pressing section at the inlet 60 , which consists of the fiber material provided with the binder, which after pressing results in one of the aforementioned materials.
Das obere Formband 1 läuft um quer zur Bahn angeordnete Rollen oder Trommeln 5,6 um und kann zwischen diesen Trommeln 5,6 hydraulisch gespannt werden. Entsprechend läuft das Formband 2 über quer zur Bahn 4 angeordnete Trommeln 11 ,12 um, die ebenfalls eine hydraulische Spannung des Formbandes 2 erzielen. Die Formbänder 1 ,2 werden über die Trommeln angetrieben.The upper forming belt 1 runs around rollers or drums 5,6 arranged transversely to the web and can be hydraulically tensioned between these drums 5,6. Correspondingly, the forming belt 2 runs over drums 11, 12 arranged transversely to the web 4, which also achieve hydraulic tensioning of the forming belt 2. The shaping belts 1, 2 are driven via the drums.
Die Formbänder 1 ,2 laufen in dem durch die Pfeile 16 angedeuteten Sinn durch die Vorrichtung. In der Preßstrecke 3 bewegen sich das untere Trum 1' des oberen Formbandes 1 und das obere Trum 2' des unteres Formbandes 2 gleichlaufend dicht übereinander. Die auf der in der Zeichnung linken Seite auf ein nicht dargestelltes Förderband aufgebrachte Schüttung 4' wird in die Preßstrecke 3 hineingezogen und zwischen den Trums 1',2' zusammengepreßt. Von dem Förderband geht die Schüttung 4' auf ein rollendes Tablett 7 über, welches die Schüttung auf das untere Formband 2 kurz vor dem oberen Scheitel der Trommel 11 übergibt. Die auslaufende fertiggepreßte und ausgehärtete Bahn 4 des Plattenwerkstoffs wird auf der gemäß der Zeichnung rechten Seite durch geeignete nicht dargestellte Vorrichtungen geteilt und hinweggefördert.The forming strips 1, 2 run through the device in the sense indicated by the arrows 16. In the pressing section 3, the lower run 1 'of the upper forming belt 1 and the upper run 2' of the lower forming belt 2 move closely one above the other. The bed 4 'applied to a conveyor belt (not shown) on the left in the drawing is drawn into the pressing section 3 and compressed between the runs 1', 2 '. The bed 4 'passes from the conveyor belt to a rolling tray 7 which places the bed onto the lower forming belt 2 shortly before the upper one Top of the drum 11 passes. The outgoing, finished pressed and hardened web 4 of the plate material is divided on the right side according to the drawing by suitable devices, not shown, and conveyed away.
In der Preßstrecke 3 ist im Innenbereich des Formbandes 1 oberhalb dessen unteren Trums 1' eine obere Stützkonstruktion 17 vorgesehen, die mit einer im Innenbereich des unteren Formbandes 2 unterhalb deren oberen Trums 2' vorgesehenen unteren Stützkonstruktion 18 zusammenwirkt. Die Stützkonstruktio- nen 17,18 stützen die der Bahn 4 zugewandten Bereiche der Formbänder 1 ,2 gegen die Bahn 4 ab und pressen sie mit großer Kraft gegeneinander.In the pressing section 3, an upper support structure 17 is provided in the inner region of the forming belt 1 above its lower run 1 ', which cooperates with a lower support structure 18 provided in the inner region of the lower forming belt 2 below its upper run 2'. The support structures 17, 18 support the areas of the shaping tapes 1, 2 facing the web 4 against the web 4 and press them against one another with great force.
Die Stützkonstruktionen 17,18 bestehen jeweils aus einzelnen Trägern 19,20, die jeweils paarweise übereinanderliegend oberhalb und unterhalb der Form- bänder 1 ,2 und der Bahn 4 angeordnet sind. Jedes Trägerpaar 19,20 ist durch nicht dargestellte seitlich außerhalb der Preßstrecke 3 gelegene starke Spindeln miteinander verklammert, so daß einzelne kräftemäßig in sich abgeschlossene Druckglieder gebildet sind.The support structures 17, 18 each consist of individual supports 19, 20, which are arranged in pairs one above the other above and below the forming strips 1, 2 and the web 4. Each pair of supports 19, 20 is clamped together by strong spindles, not shown, located laterally outside the press section 3, so that individual pressure members are formed which are self-contained in terms of force.
Zwischen den Trägern 19,20 und den Fornibändern 1 ,2 befinden sich starkeThere are strong ones between the carriers 19, 20 and the fornibands 1, 2
Stützplatten 26,27, die die von den einzelnen Trägern 19,20 ausgeübte Kraft ebenflächig auf die Formbänder 1 ,2 und damit die Bahn 4 übertragen. Die Stützplatten 26,27 weisen quer zur Bahn 4 verlaufende über die Breite durchgehende Kanäle auf, durch die ein Wärmeträgermedium hindurchleitbar ist. Die Kanäle folgen in Laufrichtung 16 dicht aufeinander und sind an den Enden durch Rohrkrümmer miteinander verbunden, so daß Gruppen von Kanälen von einem gemeinsamen Wärmeträgermedium mäanderförmig durchflössen werden.Support plates 26, 27, which transmit the force exerted by the individual supports 19, 20 evenly to the forming belts 1, 2 and thus to the web 4. The support plates 26, 27 have channels which run transversely to the web 4 and run through their width and through which a heat transfer medium can be passed. The channels follow each other closely in the direction of travel 16 and are connected to one another at the ends by pipe bends, so that groups of channels are flowed through in a meandering manner by a common heat transfer medium.
Zwischen den einander zugewandten Seiten der Stützplatten 26,27 und denBetween the mutually facing sides of the support plates 26, 27 and
Formbändern 1 ,2 sind Rollenketten 30 angeordnet, auf denen die Formbänder 1,2 an den Stützplatten 26,27 abrollen und die endlos in einer vertikalen Längsebene um die Stützplatten 26,27 innerhalb der Formbänder 1 ,2 umlau- fen. Die Rollen der Rollenketten 30 übertragen sowohl den Druck als auch die Wärme der Stützplatten 26,27 auf die Formbänder 1 ,2 und damit die sich bildende Bahn 4. Die Formbänder 1 ,2 erfahren also in der Preßstrecke 3 eine rein rollende Abstützung.Form bands 1, 2 are arranged roller chains 30, on which form bands 1, 2 roll on support plates 26, 27 and which circulate endlessly in a vertical longitudinal plane around support plates 26, 27 within form bands 1, 2. fen. The rollers of the roller chains 30 transmit both the pressure and the heat of the support plates 26, 27 to the forming belts 1, 2 and thus the web 4 that is being formed. The forming belts 1, 2 are thus subjected to a purely rolling support in the pressing section 3.
Die Preßstrecke 3 ist in zwei in Laufrichtung 16 der Bahn 4 aufeinanderfolgende Abschnitte 3' und 3" unterteilt. In dem ersten Abschnitt 3' wird durch die Beheizung des Wärmeträgermediums die Wärme zugeführt, die eine gewisse Dampfbildung in der zusammengepreßten Schüttung 4' und die Aushärtung des darin befindlichen Bindemittels bewirkt. Das Wärmeträgermedium, z.B. einThe press section 3 is divided into two sections 3 'and 3 "which follow one another in the running direction 16 of the web 4. In the first section 3', the heat is supplied by the heating of the heat transfer medium, which causes a certain formation of steam in the compressed bed 4 'and the hardening of the binder contained therein. The heat transfer medium, for example a
Thermoöl, wird in einem Wärmetauscher 40 aufgeheizt und umgewälzt, so daß das gerade aufgeheizte Wärmeträgermedium im Sinnes des Pfeiles 41 am Beginn des ersten Abschnittes 3' zugeführt und im Sinne des Pfeiles 42 am Ende des ersten Abschnittes wieder aus den Kanälen der Stützplatten 26,27 ent- nommen und in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf in den Wärmetauscher 40 zurückgeführt wird. Der Wärmetauscher kann, wie dargestellt seinerseits durch ein in einem Heizaggregat 43 mit Heizregistern 44 aufgeheiztes weiteres Wärmeträgermedium beaufschlagt werden, oder aber selbst die Heizung enthalten.Thermal oil is heated and circulated in a heat exchanger 40, so that the heat medium which has just been heated is fed in the direction of arrow 41 at the beginning of the first section 3 ′ and in the direction of arrow 42 at the end of the first section again from the channels of the support plates 26, 27 removed and returned to the heat exchanger 40 in a closed circuit. As shown, the heat exchanger can in turn be acted upon by a further heat transfer medium heated in a heating unit 43 with heating registers 44, or it can itself contain the heating.
In dem hinteren, d.h. in Laufrichtung 16 der Bahn 4 nachfolgenden Abschnitt 3" der Preßstrecke 3 muß der Druck aufrechterhalten werden, bis das Bindemittel ausgehärtet und der Dampfdruck ausreichend reduziert ist, da sonst die gerade gebildeten Bindung in dem Bindemittel wieder aufreissen. Durch die Stützplatten 26",27" dieses Abschnittes wird ebenfalls ein Wärmeträgermedium derart umgewälzt, daß es zu Beginn des Abschnittes 3" im Sinne des Pfeiles 51 zugeführt und am Ende des Abschnittes 3" im Sinne des Pfeiles 52 wieder entnommen wird.In the rear, i.e. in the running direction 16 of the web 4, section 3 "of the pressing section 3, the pressure must be maintained until the binder has hardened and the vapor pressure has been reduced sufficiently, otherwise the bond just formed in the binder will tear again. Through the support plates 26", 27 " this section, a heat transfer medium is also circulated such that it is supplied at the beginning of section 3 "in the direction of arrow 51 and is removed again at the end of section 3" in the direction of arrow 52.
Auch hier durchströmt das Wärmeträgermedium einen Wärmetauscher 50, in welchem ihn aber keine Wärme zugeführt, sondern im Gegenteil ein Teil der in dem ersten Abschnitt 3' zugeführten Wärme, die durch die Bewegung derHere, too, the heat transfer medium flows through a heat exchanger 50, in which, however, no heat is supplied to it, but on the contrary, part of the heat supplied in the first section 3 ′, which is caused by the movement of the
Formbänder 1 ,2, der Rollenketten 30 und der Bahn 4 in den hinteren Abschnitt 3" gelangt ist, wieder entzogen wird. Die entzogene Wärme entspannt den Dampf und verringert so den Dampfdruck.Form tapes 1, 2, the roller chains 30 and the web 4 in the rear section 3 "has been reached, is withdrawn again. The extracted heat relaxes the steam and thus reduces the steam pressure.
Die in dem Wärmetauscher 50 entzogene Wärme wird in einem in der Zeich- nung nur symbolisch angedeuteten Aggregat 53 genutzt, sei es zu Heizzwek- ken, sei es um an einer auf der linken Seite der Zeichnung vorgeschalteten Stelle des Verfahrensablaufs zum Anwärmen der Partikel, zum Trocknen der Partikel, zum Erwärmen von Wasser und/oder Thermoöl oder für ähnliche Zwecke eingesetzt zu werden. Auf diese Weise wird die Wärmebilanz der Ge- samtanlage verbessert und auch ein Beitrag zum Umweltschutz geleistet, insofern das Austreten von Stoffen wie Formaldehyd und dergleichen vermindert wird.The heat extracted in the heat exchanger 50 is used in an aggregate 53, which is only symbolically indicated in the drawing, be it for heating purposes or be it at a point upstream of the process sequence for heating the particles on the left side of the drawing Drying the particles to be used for heating water and / or thermal oil or for similar purposes. In this way, the heat balance of the overall system is improved and also a contribution to environmental protection is made, insofar as the leakage of substances such as formaldehyde and the like is reduced.
Die quer zur Bahn 4 in den Stützplatten ausgebildeten Kanäle können unter- schiedlich zu in Laufrichtung 16 aufeinanderfolgenden Gruppen verbunden sein. Die Hindurchleitung eines weiteren Wärmeträgermediums, welches nicht beheizt wird, durch den zweiten Abschnitt 3" kann also auch dann erfolgen, wenn die Stützplatten 26,27 und die Rollenketten 30 über die gesamte Länge der Preßstrecke 3 durchgehend ausgebildet sind.The channels formed transversely to the track 4 in the support plates can be connected differently to groups in succession in the running direction 16. The passage of a further heat transfer medium, which is not heated, through the second section 3 ″ can also take place if the support plates 26, 27 and the roller chains 30 are designed to be continuous over the entire length of the pressing section 3.
In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel jedoch sind die Abschnitte 3', 3" nicht nur hinsichtlich ihrer Beschickung mit Wärmeträgermedium, sondern auch mechanisch voneinander getrennt. In dem ersten Abschnitt 3' liegen nämlich eigene Stützplatten 26',27' einander oberhalb und unterhalb der Bahn 4 gegenüber, die vom Einlauf bis zu einer Stelle 28 am Ende des ersten Abschnittes 3' reichen und von zugehörigen endlosen Rollenketten 30' umlaufen sind. An der Stelle 28 beginnen davon getrennte Stützplatten 26",27", die bis zum Ende der Preßstrecke 3 bzw. des hinteren Abschnittes 3" reichen und von eigenen Rollenketten 30" umlaufen sind. Die Trennstelle 28, an der die Formbänder 1 ,2 aus dem ersten Abschnitt 3' in den hinteren Abschnitt 3" übergehen, wird so kurz gemacht, wie es konstruktiv nur möglich ist. Wegen der erforderlichen Umlenkung der Rollenketten 30', 30" über einen Radius beträgt der unterstüt- zungsfreie Abschnitt an der Stelle 28 etwa 150 mm, was für den Ausfall des Plattenwerkstoffs keine Rolle spielt.In the exemplary embodiment shown, however, the sections 3 ', 3 "are separated not only from one another with regard to their loading with heat transfer medium, but also mechanically. In the first section 3', separate support plates 26 ', 27' are located opposite one another above and below the web 4 which extend from the inlet to a point 28 at the end of the first section 3 'and are encircled by associated endless roller chains 30'. At point 28 separate support plates 26 ", 27" begin therefrom which extend to the end of the pressing section 3 or of the rear section 3 "and are encircled by separate roller chains 30". The separating point 28, at which the shaping tapes 1, 2 pass from the first section 3 'into the rear section 3 ", is made as short as is structurally possible is. Because of the required deflection of the roller chains 30 ', 30 "over a radius, the supported tongue-free section at point 28 about 150 mm, which is irrelevant for the failure of the plate material.
Durch die Unterteilung an der Stelle 28 verbleiben die vorderen Rollenketten 30' ganz in dem ersten Abschnitt 3' und können keine Wärme in den hinterenDue to the subdivision at point 28, the front roller chains 30 'remain completely in the first section 3' and cannot heat in the rear
Abschnitt 3" übertragen.Section 3 "transferred.
Die Wärme, die durch die Formbänder 1,2 und die Bahn 4 dem stationären Betrieb dennoch in den hinteren Abschnitt gelangt, wird zum Teil in dem Wär- metauscher 50 dem die Stützplatten 26",27" durchströmenden Wärmeträgermedium entzogen und einer Nutzung zugeführt.The heat that nevertheless arrives in the rear section due to the shaping belts 1, 2 and the web 4 is withdrawn in part in the heat exchanger 50 from the heat transfer medium flowing through the support plates 26 ″, 27 ″ and used.
Bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden - wie eingangs beschrieben - die variierbaren Verfahrensparameter sowohl des zu verpressenden Materials am Einlauf 60, als auch der Verfahrensparameter in der Preßstrecke im Hinblick auf die zu erzielenden Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten und Eigenschaften des Plattenwerkstoffs nach Verlassen der Preßstrecke eingestellt, gesteuert oder geregelt, wobei in den beiden letzten Fällen die Doppelbandpresse noch mit in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Ein- richtungen zur Erfassung und Beeinflussung der zu variierenden Verfahrensparameter ausgestattet ist. When carrying out the method according to the invention - as described at the beginning - the variable process parameters of both the material to be pressed at the inlet 60 and the process parameters in the press section are set, controlled or controlled with regard to the production speeds and properties of the plate material to be achieved after leaving the press section regulated, in the last two cases the double belt press is still equipped with devices (not shown in the drawing) for detecting and influencing the process parameters to be varied.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Faserplatten aus durch ein unter Druck und Wärme ausgehärtetes Bindemittel zusammengehaltenen Fasern bestehenden Plattenwerkstoffen in einer Doppelbandpresse (100), bei dem die mit dem Bindemittel versehenen Fasern an einem Einlauf (60) der Doppelbandpresse (100) auf ein horizontales Trum eines Förderbandes zu einer Schüttung (4') aufgestreut und in einer Preßstrecke (3) zwischen dem oberen Trum (2') eines metallisch endlos umlaufenden unteren Formbandes (2) und dem in Vorlaufrichtung (16) der Doppelbandpresse (100) gleichlaufenden unteren Trum (1') eines metallischen oberen Formbandes (1 ) unter Druck und Wärme zu einer den Plattenwerkstoff ergebenden Bahn1. A process for the continuous production of fiberboard from a material held together by a fiber that is cured under pressure and heat, in a double belt press (100), in which the fibers provided with the binder at an inlet (60) of the double belt press (100) onto a horizontal The strand of a conveyor belt is sprinkled into a bed (4 ') and in a pressing section (3) between the upper strand (2') of a metal endlessly rotating lower forming belt (2) and the lower strand running in the forward direction (16) of the double belt press (100) (1 ') of a metallic upper shaping belt (1) under pressure and heat to form a sheet which results in the plate material
(4) ausgehärtet werden, wobei der Arbeitsdruck und die zur Herbeiführung der Bindung notwendige Wärme in der Preßstrecke (3) von der Stützkonstruktion (26, 27) auf die Formbänder (1 , 2) und von diesen in die Schüttung (4') übertragen werden, wobei in einem hinteren Abschnitt (3") der Preß- strecke (3) der Bahn (100) Wärme entzogen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttung (4') vorgeheizt wird, so daß die Fasermattentemperatur am Einlauf (60) erhöht ist.(4) are cured, the working pressure and the heat necessary to bring about the binding in the press section (3) being transferred from the support structure (26, 27) to the shaping belts (1, 2) and by these into the bed (4 ') are, wherein in a rear section (3 ") of the press section (3) of the web (100) heat is withdrawn, characterized in that the bed (4 ') is preheated so that the fiber mat temperature at the inlet (60) increases is.
2. Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Faserplatten aus durch ein unter Druck und Wärme ausgehärtetes Bindemittel zusammengehaltenen Fasern bestehenden Plattenwerkstoffen in einer Doppelbandpresse (100), bei dem die mit dem Bindemittel versehenen Fasern an einem Einlauf (60) der Doppelbandpresse (100) auf ein horizontales Trum eines Förderbandes zu einer Schüttung (4') aufgestreut und in einer Preßstrecke (3) zwischen dem oberen Trum (2') eines metallisch endlos umlaufenden unteren Formbandes (2) und dem in Vorlaufrichtung (16) der Doppelbandpresse (100) gleichlaufenden unteren Trum (1') eines metallischen oberen Formbandes (1 ) unter Druck und Wärme zu einer den Plattenwerkstoff ergebenden Bahn (4) ausgehärtet werden, wobei der Arbeitsdruck und die zur Herbeiführung der Bindung notwendige Wärme in der Preßstrecke (3) von der Stützkonstruktion (26, 27) auf die Formbänder (1 , 2) und von diesen in die Schüttung (4') übertragen werden, wobei in einem hinteren Abschnitt (3") der Preß- strecke (3) der Bahn (100) Wärme entzogen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verfahrensparameter Fasermattenfeuchte und/oder Fasermattentemperatur und/oder Leimarten und/oder Beleimungsfaktoren am Einlauf (60) in Abhängigkeit der Verfahrensparameter Heiztemperatur und/oder Kühltemperatur und/oder Pressengeschwindigkeit und/oder spezifische Preßdrucke und/oder Preßfaktoren im Hinblick auf eine zu erzielende Produktionsgeschwindigkeit und Restfeuchte in dem Plattenwerkstoff nach Verlassen der Preßstrecke (3) eingestellt, gesteuert oder geregelt werden.2. A process for the continuous production of fiberboard from a material held together by a fiber held together under pressure and heat in a binder, in a double belt press (100), in which the fibers provided with the binder at an inlet (60) of the double belt press (100) onto a horizontal Run of a conveyor belt sprinkled into a bed (4 ') and in a pressing section (3) between the upper run (2') of a metal endlessly rotating lower forming belt (2) and the lower run running in the forward direction (16) of the double belt press (100) (1 ') of a metallic upper shaping belt (1) under pressure and heat to form a sheet which results in the plate material (4) are cured, the working pressure and the heat necessary to bring about the binding in the press section (3) being transferred from the support structure (26, 27) to the shaping belts (1, 2) and by these into the bed (4 ') are removed, in a rear section (3 ") of the press section (3) of the web (100), characterized in that the process parameters fiber mat moisture and / or fiber mat temperature and / or types of glue and / or gluing factors at the inlet (60 ) depending on the process parameters heating temperature and / or cooling temperature and / or press speed and / or specific press pressures and / or press factors with regard to a production speed and residual moisture to be achieved in the plate material after leaving the press section (3) can be set, controlled or regulated.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasermattenfeuchte am Einlauf (60) 6 bis 18% beträgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber mat moisture at the inlet (60) is 6 to 18%.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasermattentemperatur am Einlauf (60) 15 bis 45° C beträgt.4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the fiber mat temperature at the inlet (60) is 15 to 45 ° C.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasermattentemperatur am Einlauf (60) maximal 100° C beträgt.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fiber mat temperature at the inlet (60) is a maximum of 100 ° C.
6. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß am Einlauf (60) eine vorzugsweise beidseitige Wasserbe- düsung der Fasermatte und/oder Dampfbedüsung mit Trennmitteln von 5 bis 50g/m2 pro Fasermattenbreite erfolgt.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the inlet (60) there is preferably water spraying of the fiber mat on both sides and / or steam spraying with separating agents of 5 to 50 g / m 2 per fiber mat width.
7. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß als Leimarten Harnstoff-Formaldehyd und/oder Melamin-7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that urea formaldehyde and / or melamine as glue types
Harnstoff-Formaldehyd und/oder Isocyanat und/oder Phenol verwendet werden. Urea-formaldehyde and / or isocyanate and / or phenol can be used.
8. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beleimungsfaktor 6 bis 28 kg Leim/100 kg Fasern beträgt.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gluing factor is 6 to 28 kg of glue / 100 kg of fibers.
9. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur im ersten Bereich der Preßstrecke 100 bis 280° C beträgt.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature in the first region of the pressing section is 100 to 280 ° C.
10. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß die Temperatur in dem hinteren Abschnitt (3") der Preßstrecke10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature in the rear section (3 ") of the pressing section
150 bis 20° C beträgt.150 to 20 ° C.
11. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorlaufgeschwindigkeit der Bahn (4) in der Preßstrecke 0, 3 bis 120 m/min. beträgt.11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forward speed of the web (4) in the press section 0, 3 to 120 m / min. is.
12. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der spezifische Preßdruck 1 bis 7N/mm2 beträgt.12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the specific pressure is 1 to 7N / mm 2 .
13. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Preßfaktor 3 bis 18 sec/mm Plattendicke beträgt.13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing factor is 3 to 18 sec / mm plate thickness.
14. Verfahren nach einem der bisherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Restfeuchte der Preßplatte hinter der Preßstrecke 3 bis 15% beträgt. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residual moisture of the press plate behind the press section is 3 to 15%.
PCT/EP2002/005220 2001-05-21 2002-05-13 Method for the continuous production of fiber plates WO2002094522A1 (en)

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