DE102014016867B3 - Apparatus and method for the treatment of scatterable good - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of scatterable good (21, 22) by means of pressure and heat with a) at least one bunker arrangement (12) for storing the spreadable Guts (21, 22), b) a scattering device for metered dispensing spreadable Guts (21 , 22) from the bunker arrangement, c) a conveyor belt, on which the spreadable material (21, 22) is streubar and d) a device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction (19) supplied spreadable Guts (21, 22) Pressure and heat, characterized in that the bunker arrangement (12) transversely to the conveying direction a plurality of chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3), which are filled with different in its physical or chemical properties scatterable good (21, 22). In order to be able to give the grit mat in the transverse profile in a simple manner different physical and / or chemical properties, it is proposed that the bunker arrangement (12) transversely to the conveying direction a plurality of chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3) having in its physical or chemical properties different scatterable good (21, 22) are filled.

Description

• a) wenigstens einer Bunkeranordnung zur Speicherung des streufähigen Guts,
• b) einer Streueinrichtung zur dosierten Abgabe streufähigen Guts aus der Bunkeranordnung,
• c) einem Förderband, auf das das streufähige Gut streubar ist und
• d) einer Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung des über das Förderband in einer Förderrichtung zugeführten streufähigen Guts mit Druck und Wärme.

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of scatterable good by means of pressure and heat

• a) at least one bunker arrangement for storing the spreadable product,
• b) a spreading device for the metered dispensing of spreadable material from the bunker arrangement,
• c) a conveyor to which the spreadable good is streubar and
• d) a device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied Streussable Guts with pressure and heat.

The invention further relates to a method for the treatment of scatterable good with said device.

The scatterable good scattered on the conveyor belt will be referred to below as a grit mat. These grit mats can have thicknesses of a few millimeters up to one meter. In the invention, the device for applying the supplied via the conveyor belt in a conveying direction spreadable Guts (ie the spreading material mat) with pressure and heat usually realized by a double belt press. Such devices are often used for two purposes. Once they are created by products from pressed streuförmigem Good. The invention focuses on the production of particleboard or fiberboard, as for example from the EP 1 236 552 B1 is known.

Alternatively, such devices are used for drainage of scatterable good. The invention relates here by way of example to the dewatering of coal, as they are known from DE 100 16 944 A1 is known.

About the pressure of the grit mat is thus compressed and pressed and the heat supply binders are liquefied or moisture evaporated.

In both applications, it is sometimes desirable to be able to make variations across the width across the direction of conveyance. So far, in particular an adjustability of the material density came to the train. By way of example, it may be desirable in the manufacture of particle boards to provide areas of furniture particle board with higher density and thus strength, where hinges are later to be attached, while the remainder of the boards should be as light as possible.

Such cross profile settings have been made in a complex manner on the dosing of the scatterers. Valves or spreader rollers of a so-called spreader head were controlled in their opening size or speed to distribute the usually lignocellulosic material evenly or deliberately unevenly across the width. These methods have not been particularly satisfactory because they are strongly dependent on the consistency of the spreadable material in terms of particle size, density, moisture, u. v. m. depend.

The object of the invention is therefore to be able to give the spreading material mat in the transverse profile in a simple manner different physical and / or chemical properties.

With regard to the device, the object is achieved in that the bunker arrangement transversely to the conveying direction has a plurality of chambers which are filled with different in his physical or chemical properties scatterable good.

This gives the possibility to sprinkle "different" scatterable good on the conveyor belt transversely to the conveying direction.

In this case, "different" means that the same material exists in all chambers, but in a different physical form, that is, for example, unequal in particle size. Or "different" means that actually in the chambers chemically different streuförmiges Good is present or in one of the chambers at least one additive is attached. After sprinkling onto the conveyor belt, there are spreading material mats which have different physical properties, for example in terms of density or degree of drying, transversely to the conveying direction or grit mats in which different chemical properties are established across the width. Since the scatterable good is usually performed below a chamber on the conveyor belt, it is crucial that the material of the scattered material changes from chamber to chamber. Thus, the physical and / or chemical properties of the spreading material mat also change across the width and, accordingly, the resulting end product is also influenced.

For both exemplified in the input description applications, there are significant benefits. In the production of panels, for example, the strength properties, the specific weight or the thickness can be influenced much more easily across the width than was previously possible.

In the drainage of scatterable good, here for example coal, in a limited way but also in the production of chipboard, in which The trapped moisture should also evaporate due to the influence of heat, can be prevented by an admixture of stabilizing additives that the grit mat crumbles during the pressing process at the edge, so can avoid the pressure and thus not or hardly drained on the edge.

Therefore, it is advantageous if the bunker arrangement has at least two edge chambers and at least one middle chamber transversely to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The marginal chambers would be filled in the drainage case of coal, just like the middle chambers with coal, but they would, for example, additionally added wood chips. These prevent the crumbling of the coal in the double belt press at the edges. They have no negative influence on the resulting from the coal later combustion product.

Preferably, the chambers on scatterable good with average different particle sizes. Particles in this context are to be understood as meaning all particles, grains, pieces and the like of the scattered good. In the production of chipboard, the chambers could advantageously have different chip sizes. In addition, the chambers can contain chips with various concentrations of binders to produce specific areas of different strengths. In this way can be saved considerably in terms of material and expensive binders.

It is advantageous if chambers of the bunker arrangement are arranged offset in the conveying direction to each other. This results in a great simplification in the construction, for example, if in a bunker arrangement a middle chamber and the marginal chambers are not installed directly next to one another but offset in the conveying direction. That is, the chambers of a bunker arrangement are indeed lying side by side transversely to the conveying direction, but at the same time arranged offset in the conveying direction to each other. This results in the benefit that scattering devices and scattering bands assigned to the chambers do not interfere with one another. The space for installing such spreaders and spreading ribbons is increased.

It is advantageously provided that chambers of the bunker arrangement are arranged overlapping one another transversely to the conveying direction. This results in even more variations in terms of a different property structure of the grit mat. It is particularly preferred that the individual chambers are not aligned from bunker arrangement to bunker arrangement but offset from one another. As a result, the grit material mat to be compacted, regardless of whether it is intended for plate production or drainage, can be specifically provided with different physical or chemical properties not only across the width but also across the thickness.

Preferably, a plurality of bunker arrangements associated with the scattering devices and conveyor belts are provided in series connection of several bunker arrangements. In this way, the individual layers of the resulting spreading material mat can be selectively brought together with pressure and heat only before the inlet into the device for acting on the spreadable material supplied via the conveyor belts.

Advantageously, the device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat to a continuous press for pressing the grit mats to a final product. These presses are tried and used in a known manner. The achievable pressures for dewatering coal should be up to 6 MPa.

Preferably, the press comprises a lower heated press plate or hot plate, an upper heated press plate or hot plate and each endlessly circulating steel belts. This material ensures a long service life of the press with high heatability up to 240 ° C.

Preferably, an exhaust system is installed laterally of the grit mat for the resulting steam within the press. This allows the spreading material mat to be dewatered even more effectively.

Advantageously, it is ensured that the conveyor belts and / or steel belts are permeable to water. The drainage of the grit mat to form a plate or just to dehydration is then given over the entire working width.

Preferably, a pre-treatment station is provided in front of the device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat. In an advantageous development, the invention thus proposes that a spreading material mat and / or a further spreading material mat be pretreated in this pretreatment device before the merging. This may be a pretreatment device for smoothing, trimming, steaming, preheating, pre-compacting and / or leveling. As a result, slight unevenness in the scattering can be compensated with physically or chemically different scattered particles.

• – vor der Behandlung wenigstens zwei Kammern mit in ihren physikalischen oder chemischen Eigenschaften unterschiedlichen streufähigen Gütern zumindest teilweise befüllt werden,
• – anschließend die streufähigen Güter über wenigstens eine Streueinrichtung zu wenigstens einer Streugutmatte auf wenigstens ein Förderband gestreut werden,
• – und schließlich die Streugutmatte in einer Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung des zugeführten streufähigen Guts mit Druck und Wärme zu einem Endprodukt entwässert und geformt wird.

In terms of method, the object is achieved with the device described above in that

• Before the treatment at least two chambers are filled at least partially with divisive goods which differ in their physical or chemical properties,
• - Then the spreadable goods are scattered over at least one scattering device to at least one grit mat on at least one conveyor belt,
• - And finally the litter mat is dewatered and molded in a means for applying the supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat to a final product.

It is according to the invention advantageous if the scattering device scatters different scatterable goods in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt side by side to a spreading material mat. In this way, a grit mat is produced which has desired different chemical or physical properties in width.

Preferably, the grit mat is first passed through a pretreatment station to aid the treatment process. Here, leveling of the spreading material mat can take place. For example, the edge can be additionally compressed.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments with reference to the drawing (s). In this shows

1 a schematic, partially sectioned view of a device according to the invention,

2 a more detailed representation of the scattering device of the device according to the invention and

3 a schematic explanation of the embodiment of the bunker arrangement of the device according to the invention.

1 shows a simplified representation of an apparatus for the production of fiberboard, z. As MDF plates, with a first spreader 2a for producing a first spreading material mat 3a on a first conveyor belt 4a and with a second spreader 2 B for producing a second spreading material mat 3b on a second conveyor belt 4b as well as with a continuous press 5 for joint pressing of the spreading material mats 3a . 3b to a final product 1 , in this example a wood-based panel. That the spreading material mats 3a . 3b on the first conveyor belt 4a and on the second conveyor belt 4b Initially, the possibility that the mats 3a . 3b be sprinkled directly on these conveyor belts. On the conveyor belts 4a . 4b generate or on the conveyor belts 4a . 4b but also includes the possibility that the mats 3a . 3b initially on separate upstream conveyors, z. B. scattered bands and then to the first and second conveyor belt 4a . 4b be handed over. In the device 1 for the treatment of scatterable good 21 . 22 by means of pressure and heat, it is a continuous press 5 , Which in their basic structure of a lower heated press plate or hot plate 6 , an upper heated press plate or heating plate 7 as well as each endlessly circulating steel bands 8th exists, which with the interposition of rolling rods 9 against the press plates 6 . 7 are supported and a press nip 10 as well as an inlet mouth 11 form. The steel bands 8th are often porous and permeable to water.

The two conveyor belts 4a . 4b associated spreaders 2a . 2 B like to show. 2 a merely indicated bunker arrangement 12 with a spreader 13 on. The bunker arrangement will be described in connection with the description of 3 shown in more detail. The spreader 13 consists essentially of a scattered band 14 and a plurality of metering and / or opening rollers 15 , This grit is a bunker belt or distributor belt 12a the metering and / or opening rollers 15 fed, which dissolve essentially Streugutverdichtungen. Inside the spreader 13 becomes the distributable good 21 . 22 on an end subsequent and above the respective conveyor belt 4a or 4b arranged scattering head 16 sprinkled. The scattering head is as Siebstreukopf 16 with a sieve bottom surface 17 and a plurality of the predetermined distance above the sieve bottom surface 17 arranged stirring elements 18 formed with a predetermined stirring width. For further details of the strainer 16 will be on the WO 03/053642 A1 directed.

With the help of the two spreading machines 2a . 2 B is on the associated conveyor belts 4a . 4b one grit mat each 3a . 3b generated. In the illustration, the two spreading machines scatter 2a . 2 B each directly on the in the inlet mouth 11 projecting conveyor belt 4a . 4b on. But it is also possible that the spreaders 2a . 2 B each on a conveyor belts shown 4a . 4b sprinkle upstream (not shown) conveyor belt, of which the grit mats then also on the projecting into the inlet mouth conveyor belt 4a . 4b be applied or handed over.

With the same 1 but can also be a device for the treatment of scatterable good 21 . 22 be represented by pressure and heat in the form of a dewatering device. The design is almost identical. Only the spreader 13 does not have to be as complex as for producing a fiberboard. In such a device, for example, coal on one or more conveyor belts 4a . 4b scattered and then in the press 5 compacted and dried. It should be noted that in contrast to the production of chipboard for pressing coal pressures up to 6 MPa must be used. The final product 1 is in this case a pressed fuel.

In the 1 and 2 In addition, it is hinted that the two spreaders 2a . 2 B one pretreatment station each 27 . 28 is subordinate. These can each z. B. a scalpler unit 29 and a pre-compaction unit, e.g. B. a pre-press 30 , exhibit. In many cases, it is also useful to support the dewatering process by a suction device for steam.

3 now increasingly explains the actual invention. She shows the in the 1 and 2 only partially indicated bunker arrangement 12 in section across the conveying direction 19 , The bunker arrangement 12 extends substantially over the entire width of the grit mat to be formed 3 , He is divided into 3 chambers in this embodiment 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 , This number is not binding for the invention. It may well be provided more chambers. In the embodiment according to 3 are two marginal chambers 20.1 and 20.3 present, the first scatterable good 21 contain. The middle chamber is with a second spreadable good 22 filled. This can the spreadable good 21 and the distributable good 22 be at least partially made of the same material. The first distributable good 21 and the second distributable good 22 but differ in their physical or chemical properties.

For example, the chambers 20.1 and 20.3 in the production of chipboard wood chips smaller size than chamber 20.2 exhibit. This increases the spreading density at the edge. In another example of dewatering lignite, all chambers can 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 be filled with coal. The marginal chambers 20.1 and 20.3 In addition, however, still contain wood chips to solidify the scattered mat during the passage through the press and can not crumble laterally.

The chambers each have a separate chamber supply 23.1 . 23.2 . 23.3 with scatterable good 21 . 22 , in the 3 only symbolically indicated. Likewise schematically is the spreader 13 that with the description too 1 and 2 has been shown in more detail, indicated, based on the number of chambers in several separate spreaders 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 can be divided.

The distributable good 21 . 22 is about the spreaders 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 , for example, spreading ribbons 14 may include on the conveyor belt 4 scattered and forms a grit mat 3 from the chemically or physically different scatterable goods 21 . 22 , These goods are in the conveying direction 19 of the conveyor belt 4 possibly slightly overlapping next to each other and still produce only one grit mat 3 , So that the spreaders 3.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 So, for example, the scattered bands 14 Do not disturb each other, can be side by side in the conveying direction 19 be offset from each other. Adapted can then also the chambers 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 a bunker arrangement 12 although next to each other but in the conveying direction 19 be slightly offset from each other. In order to produce a continuous transition between the individual scatterable goods, it is also possible, the chambers transverse to the conveying direction 19 use overlapping.

From the illustrated embodiments may be departed from in many ways, without departing from the spirit of the invention. In particular, devices for the treatment of other plate-shaped end products 1 conceivable as wood fiber or carbon plates, which from streufähigem good 21 . 22 pressed and produced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

end product

2, 2a, 2b

spreader

3, 3a, 3b

grit mat

4, 4a, 4b

conveyor belt

5

Device for applying the supplied spreadable product with pressure and heat, press

6

heating plate

7

heating plate

8th

steel strip

9

roll bar

10

press nip

11

inlet opening

12

bunker arrangement

13, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3

scattering device

14

scatter band

15

Dosing and / or opening roller

16

Siebstreukopf

17

sieve bottom

18

stirrer

19

Conveying direction (arrow)

20.1, 20.2, 20.3

chamber

21

Scatterable good 1

22

Scatterable good 2

23.1, 23.2, 23.3

chamber supply

26

suction

27

pretreatment station

28

pretreatment station

29

Skalpiereinheit

30

Vorverdichtungseinheit

Claims (15)

Device for treating dispersible material ( 21 . 22 ) by means of pressure and heat with a) at least one bunker arrangement ( 12 ) for storing the spreadable good ( 21 . 22 ), b) a spreader for the metered dispensing of spreadable goods ( 21 . 22 ) from the bunker arrangement ( 12 ), c) a conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ), to which the distributable good ( 21 . 22 ) is strebar and d) an institution ( 5 ) for acting on the conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) in a conveying direction ( 19 ) supplied scatterable property ( 21 . 22 ) with pressure and heat, characterized in that the bunker arrangement ( 12 ) transverse to the conveying direction ( 19 ) several chambers ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ), which differs in its physical or chemical properties diffusible good ( 21 . 22 ) are fillable. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the bunker arrangement transversely to the conveying direction ( 19 ) of the conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) at least two marginal chambers ( 20.1 . 20.3 ) and at least one middle chamber ( 20.2 ) having. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the chambers ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) distributable good ( 21 . 22 ) with average particle sizes. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chambers ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) distributable good ( 21 . 22 ) with at least partially different chemical particles. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that chambers ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) of the bunker arrangement ( 12 ) in the conveying direction ( 19 ) are offset from one another. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that chambers ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) of the bunker arrangement ( 12 ) transverse to the conveying direction ( 19 ) are arranged overlapping each other. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of the Bunkeranordnungen associated scatterers ( 13 . 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 ) and conveyor belts ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) are provided. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is in the means for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction ( 19 ) supplied scatterable property ( 21 . 22 ) with pressure and heat around a continuous press ( 5 ) for pressing the spreading material mats ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) to a final product ( 1 ). Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the press ( 5 ) a lower heated press plate or heating plate ( 6 ), an upper heated press plate or heating plate ( 7 ) and in each case endlessly circulating steel strips ( 8th ). Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that within the press ( 5 ) side of a grit mat ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) a suction device ( 26 ) is installed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the conveyor belts ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) and / or steel strips ( 8th ) are permeable to water. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that before the device for acting on the conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) in a conveying direction ( 19 ) supplied scatterable property ( 21 . 22 ) with pressure and heat a pretreatment station ( 27 . 28 ) is provided. Process for the treatment of spreadable material with a device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that - at least two chambers (before treatment) ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) with different physical properties or chemical properties 21 . 22 ) are at least partially filled, - subsequently the spreadable goods ( 21 . 22 ) via at least one scattering device ( 13 . 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 ) to at least one grit mat ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) on at least one conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ), and finally the spreading material mat ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) in a device for supplying the supplied spreadable product with pressure and heat ( 5 ) to a final product ( 1 ) is drained and shaped. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one spreading device ( 13 . 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 ) different scatterable goods ( 21 . 22 ) in the direction of funding ( 19 ) of the conveyor belt ( 4 . 4a . 4b ) side by side to a grit mat ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) scattered. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the spreading material mat ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) to assist the treatment process initially by a pre-treatment station ( 27 . 28 ) to be led.

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