US141383A - Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

l. RIDER.

Breach-Loading Fire-Arms.

Patented Juy 29,1873.

Wimm- AMPHoraumasmPH/c co. xwoman/vele mmm) UNITED STATES PATENT QEEIOE JOSEPH EIDER, OE NEWARK, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-LOADlNG FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 141,383, dated July 29, 1873; application filed March 15, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OsEPH RIDER, of Newark, in the county of Licking and State of Ohio, ha-ve invented certain Improvements in Breech-Loading Guns, of which the following is a specitcation:

My invention consists in various improvements upon the gun patented to me February ll, 1868, as hereinaiter more fully described.

Figure l isA a side elevation of the breech mechanisnnwith one side ofthe frame removed for the purpose of showing its construction. Fig. 2 is a perspective view ofthe guard-strap detached; Fig. 3, a perspective view of the extractor-spring; Fig. 4, perspective views of the trigger and ily With the end of the mainspring for operating them Fig; 5, a front-face view of the breech-block and Fig. 6, a view oi' the spring-button for holling the breech and hammer pins in place.

The general form and construction of my improved arm are the same as described in my patent above mentioned, it having a frame, B, swinging' breech-piece D, and a hammer, E, with a locking-shoulder, F, the latter so arranged that the hammer shall swing O11 two different centers during its different movements, all as therein fully set forth.

My iirst improvement consists in constructing the extractor in the fprm of a plate, which fits into a suitable recess formed in the side of the breech-block l), as shown in Figs. l and 5, it being formed with a circular hole, which iits over an eccentric hub, d, on the side ot' the block, and with a V- shaped point, u, which iits in a corresponding slot out in the side ot' the barrel, as shown in Fig. l. Ituis also provided with a shoulder, o, on its rear edge, against which a shoulder, u, on the block strikes when opened, and an inclined shoulder, 1, on its lower edge, upon which a spring, j, operates to impart to it an accelerated movement when the breech has been opened a certain distance, and thus throw the shell entirely out of lits chamber. This spring j, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, is constructed with a semicircular projection on its under side, near its rear end, which tits into a corresponding recess formed for it in the side of the guardstrap, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the end ofthe spring fitting in a slot cut for it in the guardstrap, as shown, it being thus held rmly in place and prevented from moving without screw or pin. The guard-strap C is made as shown in Fig. 2, and is so arranged that it can be detached from the frame by removing two screws, without dismounting the breech-block or hammer. At its front end I form a lug, e, into which the end ofthe ramrod is screwed;

and just in rear Ot' that I make another lug, b,

upon which the firing-pin retracting-lever strikes when the breech is opened. Still another, but smaller, lug, y, is located on this strap in rear ot' the lug b, in such a position that the catch c will rest upon it when the latter is detached from the locking-dog F, and be held in the proper position to insure the point of the trigger engaging in it when the breech is closed, their relative positions being shown in Fig. l. 'lhe guard-strap U is further provided with two shoulders, p, between which is pivoted, on the same pin, the triggerfand a ily, h, the form of these being shown in Fig. 4. The trigger, as there shown, is recessed on its side, so as to permit the iiy to be pivoted by its side and have a movement independent of the latter, the ily being also cut away on one side, so that the two, at the point where pivoted, shall only be equal to the thickness ot' either at other points. The fly has its rear portion formed with a iiat tace, i, upon which the spring l is made to rest in such a manner as to bear upon it, at one time, in rear oi' its pivot, to throw its front end up and cause it to engage in a notch in the tumbler, as shown in Fig. 1, and at another time to press on it infront of its pivot, so as to throw its front end down `and disengage it from the tumbler.

The mainspring G is made double, or bent different purposes-operating the hammer E,

the locking-dog F, the catch c, the trigger f, and the ily h, the three former all being pivoted together. The catch a is provided on its under Aside With a notch, w, as shown in Fig. 1, into which the point of the trigger enters at certain times, and which serves as a safety-notch, and

2 massa prevents the gun from being discharged whenthus arranged. This catch ais pivoted to thetumbler by a circular joint, as shown in Fig. l. The trigger f, as shown in Fig. 4, is provided with two points, hand s, lthe former engaging in the safety-notch of catch a, and the latter in the full-cock notch n of the tumbler, when the gun is to be tired. The button for holding the pins in the frame, instead ot' being made of a rigid piece, as in my patent of February 11, 1858, is made of a iiexible or spring piece, with a screw attached rigidly thereto, as represented in Fig. 6, so that, in order to release the pins, it is only necessary to spring the ends ot' the button w oft' of the pins enough to enable it to be turned around, thus avoiding the necessity' of using a screwdriver. 1

The operation of the mechanism when thus constructed and properly put together is as follows: Supposing the breech to be closed and the hammer down, the latter is iirst drawn back, during which operation the catch t will engage with the lower end of the locking-dog F, and the latter will thereby be drawn from under the breech-block, leaving the latter free to be opened. As the latter is swung back, the eccentric d will force the point u ot' the extractor np the inclined slot, and cause it to act as a wedge and vforce out the cartridge -shell with great power. As the breech-block continues its movement, its shoulder n strikes on the shoulder o of t-he extractor, and causes the latter to rotate with it until the shoulder r is carried past the point ot the spring j, when the latter, acting on its inclined face, imparts a sudden motion to the extractor, which is thus made to throw the shell entirely out ot' the chamber, and just as this occurs the rear shoulder ofthe breech-block strikes upon the front end of catch a and disengages it from the locking-dog F, the tiring-pin retractor-lever at the same time striking' against the lug b on the guard-strap, and thereby drawing back the tiring-pin. A cartridge beinginserted, the breech is then closed, when the dog F springs in under or behind it and locks it fast.

It will be observed that when the hammer is drawn back, as in Fig. l, the y It engages in the full-cock notch fv, and so remains until the catch a is released from dog F, and the latter swings in behind the breech-block, this movement causing the hammer to move with the dog around the pivot ot the latter, thereby causing the hammer to rise, carrying the point y of the tly h upward with it, when its changed position causes the spring t to act on the front part ofthe face i, or causing its shoulder z to abut against the end of the spring, which, as soon as the point of the ily is released from the notch e by pulling the hammer back, causes the iiy to drop down out of the way; the hammer being then either drawn back to a full-cock, when the point s engages the notch t, and the arm is ready to tire, or it can be let down, so that the point k will engage in the safety-notch x, in which position the gun cannot be fired until it is again set at full-cock.

It will thus be seen that, although there are numerous and complicated movements, the parts are few in number, simple of construction, and very strong.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. The extractor u, in combination with th eccentric d, constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described.

2. In combination with the pivoted catch a., the projection y on the guard-strap, when arranged to operate as set forth.

3. The liy h, constructed and arranged to operate as described, whereby it holds the hammer while the arm is being loaded, and is disengaged therefrom when the hammer is set at full-cock.

4. The bent spring G, having its lower end split to form twosprings ot' different lengths, and arranged as described, whereby it serves to operate the hammer with its locking-dog and catch, and also the trigger and liy, as set forth.

5. The combination of the breech-block D, provided with the shoulder n and eccentric d, the extractor provided with the shoulder o,

incline t', and wedge-shaped point u, workin g1

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