TWI491172B - Oscillator apparatus embedded in chip - Google Patents
Oscillator apparatus embedded in chip Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明是有關於一種晶片內振盪裝置,且特別是有關於一種可調整並設定所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率的晶片內振盪裝置。The present invention relates to an in-wafer oscillating device, and more particularly to an in-wafer oscillating device that can adjust and set the frequency of the generated oscillating output signal.
在習知的積體電路中,在關於晶片內的振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率的調整動作,通常是在晶片被封裝前就透過晶圓級(Chip Probing,CP)的測試動作來完成。但是,由於晶片的封裝過程中,由於晶片接腳上因晶片封裝所增加的寄生電阻、寄生電容以及寄生電感效應的影響,晶片在被封裝後,其內部的振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率會產生一定程度的漂移。In a conventional integrated circuit, the adjustment operation of the frequency of the oscillation output signal generated by the oscillation circuit in the wafer is usually performed by a wafer level (Chip Probing, CP) test operation before the wafer is packaged. carry out. However, due to the parasitic resistance, parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance effect of the chip package on the wafer package, the oscillating output signal generated by the internal oscillating circuit after the wafer is packaged The frequency will drift to some extent.
值得注意的是,上述的振盪輸出信號的頻率漂移並沒有一個固定的趨勢。因此,並沒有辦法透過簡單的補償方式來對已經完成封裝的晶片的內建振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率進行補償的動作。也因此,在習知技術中,晶片常會因為封裝而造成內建振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率超出規格,而造成良率下降的現象。It is worth noting that the frequency drift of the above oscillating output signal does not have a fixed trend. Therefore, there is no way to compensate for the frequency of the oscillation output signal generated by the built-in oscillation circuit of the wafer that has been packaged by a simple compensation method. Therefore, in the prior art, the chip often causes the frequency of the oscillating output signal generated by the built-in oscillating circuit to exceed the specification due to the package, resulting in a decrease in yield.
本發明提供一種晶片內振盪裝置,在晶片完成封裝後,可有效進行所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率進行調整。The present invention provides an intra-wafer oscillating device that can effectively adjust the frequency of the generated oscillating output signal after the wafer is packaged.
本發明提出一種晶片內振盪裝置,包括選擇器、振盪電路、控制電路以及儲存器。選擇器依據控制信號選擇輸出外部輸入資料或儲存資料以作為選中資料。振盪電路耦接選擇器,振盪電路接收選中資料並產生振盪輸出信號。其中,振盪電路依據選中資料調整振盪輸出信號的頻率。控制電路耦接選擇器。控制電路接收測試模式啟動信號並依據測試模式啟動信號產生控制信號。儲存器耦接控制器以及選擇器,用以提供儲存資料。其中,控制電路更產生資料寫入命令,並藉由資料寫入命令將外部輸入資料寫入至儲存器。The invention provides an intra-wafer oscillating device comprising a selector, an oscillating circuit, a control circuit and a reservoir. The selector selects to output external input data or store data according to the control signal as the selected data. The oscillating circuit is coupled to the selector, and the oscillating circuit receives the selected data and generates an oscillating output signal. The oscillating circuit adjusts the frequency of the oscillating output signal according to the selected data. The control circuit is coupled to the selector. The control circuit receives the test mode enable signal and generates a control signal according to the test mode enable signal. The storage is coupled to the controller and the selector for providing stored data. The control circuit further generates a data write command, and writes the external input data to the memory by using a data write command.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之控制電路器更接收讀取命令,並依據讀取命令讀取儲存器中的儲存資料。In an embodiment of the invention, the control circuit device further receives the read command and reads the stored data in the memory according to the read command.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之測試模式啟動信號指示測試動作被啟動時,控制電路產生控制信號使選擇器選擇輸出外部輸入資料作為選中資料。In an embodiment of the invention, when the test mode activation signal indicates that the test action is initiated, the control circuit generates a control signal to cause the selector to select to output the external input data as the selected data.
在本發明之一實施例中,其中晶片內振盪裝置更包括內部電路。內部電路耦接控制電路以及振盪電路。內部電路依據外部指令以產生測試模式啟動信號。內部電路並在當振盪輸出信號的頻率進入預設規格的頻率範圍時,使控制電路產生資料寫入命令以將外部輸入資料寫入至儲存器。In an embodiment of the invention, wherein the intra-wafer oscillating device further comprises an internal circuit. The internal circuit is coupled to the control circuit and the oscillating circuit. The internal circuitry is based on an external command to generate a test mode enable signal. The internal circuit and when the frequency of the oscillating output signal enters the frequency range of the preset specification, causes the control circuit to generate a data write command to write the external input data to the memory.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之振盪電路包括電流源、第一充電電路、第二充電電路以及輸出信號產生電路。電流源提供充電電流。第一充電電路及第二充電電路耦接 該電流源,其中,第一充電電路及第二充電電路交替接收充電電流以進行充電動作,並藉以分別產生第一充電電壓及第二充電電壓。輸出信號產生電路耦接第一充電電路以及第二充電電路,接收第一及第二充電電壓以及預設電壓。輸出信號產生電路針對預設電壓與第一及第二充電電壓進行比較並藉以設定振盪輸出信號的邏輯準位。In an embodiment of the invention, the oscillating circuit includes a current source, a first charging circuit, a second charging circuit, and an output signal generating circuit. The current source provides a charging current. The first charging circuit and the second charging circuit are coupled The current source, wherein the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit alternately receive the charging current to perform a charging operation, and thereby generate the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, respectively. The output signal generating circuit is coupled to the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit to receive the first and second charging voltages and the preset voltage. The output signal generating circuit compares the preset voltage with the first and second charging voltages to set a logic level of the oscillating output signal.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之電流源接收並依據選中資料以調整充電電流的電流值。In an embodiment of the invention, the current source receives and adjusts the current value of the charging current according to the selected data.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之振盪電路更包括參考電流源。參考電流源耦接電流源,並依據參考電壓以產生參考電流,以提供至電流源以使電流源依據鏡射參考電流以產生充電電流。In an embodiment of the invention, the oscillating circuit further includes a reference current source. The reference current source is coupled to the current source and generates a reference current according to the reference voltage to provide to the current source to cause the current source to generate a charging current according to the mirror reference current.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之振盪電路更包括電壓產生器。電壓產生器耦接參考電流源,用以依據選中資料來產生參考電壓。In an embodiment of the invention, the oscillating circuit further includes a voltage generator. The voltage generator is coupled to the reference current source for generating a reference voltage according to the selected data.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之電壓產生器更耦接至輸出信號產生電路。電壓產生器產生預設電壓以提供至輸出信號產生電路。In an embodiment of the invention, the voltage generator is further coupled to the output signal generating circuit. The voltage generator generates a preset voltage to provide to the output signal generating circuit.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之第一充電電路包括第一開關、第一可變電容以及第二開關。第一開關的第一端耦接至電流源。第一開關受控於開關控制信號以導通或斷開。第一可變電容串接在第一開關的第二端以及參考接地電壓間。第二開關同樣串接在第一開關的第二端以及參考接地電壓間。第二開關受控於開關控制信號以導通或斷 開。其中,第一及第二開關的導通及斷開動作相反。In an embodiment of the invention, the first charging circuit includes a first switch, a first variable capacitor, and a second switch. The first end of the first switch is coupled to the current source. The first switch is controlled by a switch control signal to be turned on or off. The first variable capacitor is connected in series between the second end of the first switch and the reference ground voltage. The second switch is also connected in series between the second end of the first switch and the reference ground voltage. The second switch is controlled by the switch control signal to be turned on or off open. The first and second switches are opposite in conduction and disconnection.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之第二充電電路包括第三開關、第二可變電容以及第四開關。第三開關的第一端耦接至電流源,第三開關受控於開關控制信號以導通或斷開。第二可變電容串接在第三開關的第二端以及參考接地電壓間。第四開關與第二可變電容並連,第四開關受控於開關控制信號以導通或斷開。其中,第三及第四開關的導通及斷開動作相反,且第三及第一開關的導通及斷開動作相反。In an embodiment of the invention, the second charging circuit includes a third switch, a second variable capacitor, and a fourth switch. The first end of the third switch is coupled to the current source, and the third switch is controlled by the switch control signal to be turned on or off. The second variable capacitor is connected in series between the second end of the third switch and the reference ground voltage. The fourth switch is connected in parallel with the second variable capacitor, and the fourth switch is controlled by the switch control signal to be turned on or off. The third and fourth switches are turned on and off in opposite directions, and the third and first switches are turned on and off in opposite directions.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之第一可變電容以及第二可變電容的至少其中之一的電容值依據選中資料而改變。In an embodiment of the invention, the capacitance value of at least one of the first variable capacitor and the second variable capacitor is changed according to the selected data.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之輸出信號產生電路提供振盪輸出信號以作為開關控制信號。In an embodiment of the invention, the output signal generating circuit described above provides an oscillating output signal as a switch control signal.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之輸出信號產生電路包括第一比較器、第二比較器以及SR閂鎖器。第一比較器的一輸入端接收預設電壓,其另一輸入端接收第一充電電壓。第二比較器的一輸入端接收預設電壓,其另一輸入端接收第二充電電壓。SR閂鎖器具有設定端、重置端以及輸出端,其設定端耦接至第一比較器的輸出端,SR閂鎖器的重置端耦接至第二比較器的輸出端,SR閂鎖器的輸出端產生振盪輸出信號。In an embodiment of the invention, the output signal generating circuit includes a first comparator, a second comparator, and an SR latch. One input of the first comparator receives the preset voltage and the other input receives the first charging voltage. One input of the second comparator receives the preset voltage and the other input receives the second charging voltage. The SR latch has a set end, a reset end and an output end, the set end is coupled to the output end of the first comparator, and the reset end of the SR latch is coupled to the output end of the second comparator, the SR latch The output of the lock produces an oscillating output signal.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之儲存器為非揮發性記憶體。In an embodiment of the invention, the storage device is a non-volatile memory.
基於上述,本發明利用選擇器來接收外部輸入資料以調整振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率,並在振盪輸出信號的頻率符合設計所需的規格時,將對應的外部輸入資料寫入儲存器中。再透過選擇器改選用儲存器中的儲存資料以設定振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率。如此一來,振盪輸出信號的頻率可以有效的被控制在符合預設規格的範圍中,提升晶片的生產良率。Based on the above, the present invention utilizes a selector to receive external input data to adjust the frequency of the oscillating output signal generated by the oscillating circuit, and writes the corresponding external input data to the storage when the frequency of the oscillating output signal meets the specifications required by the design. In the device. Then, through the selector, the stored data in the memory is selected to set the frequency of the oscillation output signal generated by the oscillation circuit. In this way, the frequency of the oscillating output signal can be effectively controlled within a range that meets the preset specifications, thereby improving the production yield of the wafer.
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
請參照圖1,圖1繪示本發明一實施例的晶片內振盪裝置100的示意圖。晶片內振盪裝置100包括選擇器110、振盪電路120、控制電路130以及儲存器140。選擇器110依據控制信號CTR選擇輸出外部輸入資料ODAT或儲存資料SDAT以作為選中資料SELD。其中,外部輸入資料ODAT可以是在晶片的測試模式被啟動時,由晶片外部所輸入的資料。也就是說,外部輸入資料ODAT可以藉由選擇器110在晶片的測試模式被啟動時作為選中資料SELD被傳送至振盪電路120。而振盪電路120則依據所接受的選中資料SELD而改變其所產生的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。因此,在測試模式被啟動時,透過對晶片輸入多種不同的數值的外部輸入資料ODAT,可以測出振盪電路120所產生的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率與選中資料 SELD間的對應關係。Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intra-wafer oscillating device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intra-wafer oscillating device 100 includes a selector 110, an oscillating circuit 120, a control circuit 130, and a memory 140. The selector 110 selectively outputs the external input material ODAT or the stored material SDAT as the selected material SELD according to the control signal CTR. The external input data ODAT may be data input from outside the wafer when the test mode of the wafer is activated. That is, the external input data ODAT can be transmitted to the oscillating circuit 120 as the selected material SELD when the test mode of the wafer is activated by the selector 110. The oscillating circuit 120 changes the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT generated by the oscillating circuit 120 according to the accepted selected data SELD. Therefore, when the test mode is activated, the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT generated by the oscillating circuit 120 and the selected data can be measured by inputting a plurality of different values of the external input data ODAT to the chip. Correspondence between SELDs.
另外,儲存資料SDAT則是由儲存器140所提供,選擇器110在晶片的測試模式被關閉時選擇儲存資料SDAT作為選中資料SELD被傳送至振盪電路120。也就是說,在晶片的測試模式被關閉時(也就是晶片處於正常模式時),選擇器110會提供儲存資料SDAT以作為選中資料SELD來使振盪電路120產生振盪輸出信號CKOUT。In addition, the stored data SDAT is provided by the storage 140, and the selector 110 selects the stored data SDAT as the selected data SELD to be transmitted to the oscillating circuit 120 when the test mode of the wafer is turned off. That is, when the test mode of the wafer is turned off (that is, when the wafer is in the normal mode), the selector 110 provides the stored data SDAT as the selected data SELD to cause the oscillation circuit 120 to generate the oscillation output signal CKOUT.
控制電路130耦接至選擇器110以及儲存器140。控制電路130接收測試模式啟動信號TEN並依據測試模式啟動信號TEN來產生控制信號CTR,並將控制信號CTR傳送至選擇器110。具體來說明,當測試模式啟動信號TEN指示晶片的測試模式是被啟動的狀態時,控制電路130會傳送控制信號CTR使選擇器110選擇外部輸入資料ODAT以作為選中資料SELD。相反的,當測試模式啟動信號TEN指示晶片的測試模式是被關閉的狀態時,控制電路130會傳送控制信號CTR使選擇器110選擇儲存資料SDAT以作為選中資料SELD。The control circuit 130 is coupled to the selector 110 and the storage 140. The control circuit 130 receives the test mode enable signal TEN and generates a control signal CTR according to the test mode enable signal TEN, and transmits the control signal CTR to the selector 110. Specifically, when the test mode enable signal TEN indicates that the test mode of the wafer is the activated state, the control circuit 130 transmits the control signal CTR to cause the selector 110 to select the external input data ODAT as the selected data SELD. Conversely, when the test mode enable signal TEN indicates that the test mode of the wafer is turned off, the control circuit 130 transmits a control signal CTR to cause the selector 110 to select the stored data SDAT as the selected material SELD.
在此同時,當測試模式啟動信號TEN指示晶片的測試模式由啟動的狀態轉換為關閉的狀態時,控制電路130則會對應產生資料寫入命令WCMD,並將資料寫入命令WCMD傳送至儲存器130以使此時的外部輸入資料ODAT被寫入儲存器130中以成為儲存資料SDAT。也就是說,在晶片的測試模式被關閉而恢復為正常模式時,振盪電路120所產生的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率是依據儲存資 料SDAT所設定的。At the same time, when the test mode start signal TEN indicates that the test mode of the wafer is changed from the activated state to the closed state, the control circuit 130 correspondingly generates the data write command WCMD, and transmits the data write command WCMD to the memory. 130 is such that the external input material ODAT at this time is written in the storage 130 to become the storage material SDAT. That is to say, when the test mode of the wafer is turned off and returns to the normal mode, the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT generated by the oscillating circuit 120 is based on the storage resource. Set by SDAT.
附帶一提的,測試模式啟動信號TEN可以透過晶片上設置的測試腳位(test pin)由晶片外部的測試機台(未繪示)來供應。測試模式啟動信號TEN也可以透過晶片內振盪裝置100的內部電路依據由晶片外部的測試機台所接收到的命令資料來解碼獲得。當然,上述的命令資料同樣可以透過晶片上的一個或多個接腳來由晶片外部的測試機台來接收。Incidentally, the test mode enable signal TEN can be supplied from a test machine (not shown) external to the wafer through a test pin provided on the wafer. The test mode enable signal TEN can also be decoded by the internal circuit of the in-wafer oscillating device 100 in accordance with command data received by the test machine outside the wafer. Of course, the above command data can also be received by the test machine outside the wafer through one or more pins on the wafer.
關於晶片內振盪裝置100的整體動作,首先,控制電路130接收到指示晶片要啟動測試模式的測試模式啟動信號TEN後,對應傳送例如邏輯準位“1”的控制信號CTR至選擇器110。並且,測試者(例如測試機台)由晶片外部傳送外部輸入資料ODAT,並透過選擇器110選擇外部輸入資料ODAT以成為選中資料SELD來控制振盪電路120所產生的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。接著,測試機台可以藉由偵測振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率與預設規格中的頻率範圍,來對應調整所提供的外部輸入資料ODAT,以使振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率可以進入預設規格中的頻率範圍。Regarding the overall operation of the intra-wafer oscillating device 100, first, after receiving the test mode enable signal TEN indicating that the wafer is to start the test mode, the control circuit 130 correspondingly transmits a control signal CTR of, for example, a logic level "1" to the selector 110. Moreover, the tester (for example, the test machine) transmits the external input data ODAT from outside the wafer, and selects the external input data ODAT through the selector 110 to become the selected data SELD to control the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT generated by the oscillation circuit 120. Then, the test machine can adjust the provided external input data ODAT by detecting the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT and the frequency range in the preset specification, so that the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT can enter the preset specification. The frequency range.
舉例來說,若選中資料SELD(此時等於外部輸入資料ODAT)與振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率是成正比的,當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率低於預設規格中的頻率範圍的下限時,則對應調高外部輸入資料ODAT的值,相對的,當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率高於預設規格中的頻率範 圍的上限時,則對應調低外部輸入資料ODAT的值。當然,若選中資料SELD(此時等於外部輸入資料ODAT)與振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率是成反比的,當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率低於預設規格中的頻率範圍的下限時,則對應調低外部輸入資料ODAT的值,相對的,當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率高於預設規格中的頻率範圍的上限時,則對應調高外部輸入資料ODAT的值。For example, if the selected data SELD (which is equal to the external input data ODAT) is proportional to the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT, when the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is lower than the lower limit of the frequency range in the preset specification, Correspondingly, the value of the external input data ODAT is increased, and when the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is higher than the frequency range in the preset specification When the upper limit of the circumference is exceeded, the value of the external input data ODAT is lowered accordingly. Of course, if the selected data SELD (which is equal to the external input data ODAT) is inversely proportional to the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT, when the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is lower than the lower limit of the frequency range in the preset specification, The value of the external input data ODAT is lowered. In contrast, when the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is higher than the upper limit of the frequency range in the preset specification, the value of the external input data ODAT is increased accordingly.
當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率被調整至落入預設規格中的頻率範圍時(通常會將振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率調整至等於預設規格中的頻率範圍的中心點),測試模式啟動信號TEN指示測試模式被關閉。控制電路130對應產生並傳送邏輯準位“0”的控制信號CTR至選擇器110。在此同時,控制電路130並產生資料寫入命令WCMD,並傳送資料寫入命令WCMD至儲存器140以使此時的外部輸入資料ODAT可以被寫入至儲存器140。When the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is adjusted to fall within the frequency range of the preset specification (the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT is usually adjusted to be equal to the center point of the frequency range in the preset specification), the test mode start signal TEN Indicates that the test mode is turned off. The control circuit 130 correspondingly generates and transmits a control signal CTR of a logic level "0" to the selector 110. At the same time, the control circuit 130 generates a data write command WCMD and transmits a data write command WCMD to the memory 140 so that the external input data ODAT at this time can be written to the storage 140.
附帶一提的,上述被寫入至儲存器140中外部輸入資料ODAT是可以設定使振盪電路120所產生的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率落於預設規格中的頻率範圍的。因此,在晶片處於正常模式下,依據等於儲存資料SDAT的選中資料SELD來設定的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率,就可以符合預設規格所制定的頻率範圍。Incidentally, the above-mentioned external input data ODAT written in the memory 140 can set the frequency range in which the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT generated by the oscillation circuit 120 falls within a preset specification. Therefore, when the wafer is in the normal mode, the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT set according to the selected data SELD equal to the stored data SDAT can conform to the frequency range set by the preset specification.
以下請參照圖2,圖2繪示本發明另一實施例的晶片內振盪裝置200的示意圖。晶片內振盪裝置200包括選擇器210、振盪電路220、控制電路230、非揮發性記憶體240 以及內部電路250。與其一實施例不相同的,晶片內振盪裝置200更包括內部電路250。內部電路250耦接至控制電路230以及振盪電路220。內部電路250依據外部指令OINS以產生測試模式啟動信號TEN。內部電路250並接收振盪輸出信號CKOUT以進行振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率與振盪頻率的預設規格的頻率範圍的比對動作。內部電路250在當振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率進入預設規格的頻率範圍時,透過測試模式啟動信號TEN使控制電路230產生資料寫入命令WCMD以將外部輸入資料ODAT寫入至作為儲存器的非揮發性記憶體240。Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intra-wafer oscillating device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The intra-wafer oscillating device 200 includes a selector 210, an oscillating circuit 220, a control circuit 230, and a non-volatile memory 240. And an internal circuit 250. Unlike the one embodiment, the intra-wafer oscillating device 200 further includes an internal circuit 250. The internal circuit 250 is coupled to the control circuit 230 and the oscillating circuit 220. The internal circuit 250 generates a test mode enable signal TEN in accordance with an external command OINS. The internal circuit 250 receives the oscillation output signal CKOUT to perform an alignment operation of the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT and the frequency range of the preset specification of the oscillation frequency. The internal circuit 250 causes the control circuit 230 to generate a data write command WCMD to write the external input data ODAT to the non-storage memory when the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT enters the frequency range of the preset specification through the test mode enable signal TEN. Volatile memory 240.
在另一方面,內部電路250還可以傳送讀取命令RCMD,並驅使控制電路230對非揮發性記憶體240進行資料讀取的動作,並將非揮發性記憶體240中所儲存的儲存資料SDAT傳送至控制電路230(或更傳送至內部電路250)。On the other hand, the internal circuit 250 can also transmit the read command RCMD, and drive the control circuit 230 to perform the data reading operation on the non-volatile memory 240, and store the stored data SDAT in the non-volatile memory 240. Transfer to control circuit 230 (or to internal circuit 250).
以下請參照圖3,圖3繪示本發明實施例的振盪電路120的一實施方式。振盪電路120包括電流源321、充電電路322、323以及輸出信號產生電路324。電流源321耦接至操作電壓VDD並提供充電電流Ir2,充電電路322、323共同耦接電流源321並交替接收充電電流Ir2以進行充電動作。充電電路322、323交替的在不同的時間區間中依據充電電流Ir2進行充電,並藉以產生充電電壓SV1以及SV2。Please refer to FIG. 3, which illustrates an embodiment of an oscillating circuit 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The oscillation circuit 120 includes a current source 321, a charging circuit 322, 323, and an output signal generating circuit 324. The current source 321 is coupled to the operating voltage VDD and provides a charging current Ir2. The charging circuits 322 and 323 are coupled to the current source 321 and alternately receive the charging current Ir2 to perform a charging operation. The charging circuits 322, 323 are alternately charged in accordance with the charging current Ir2 in different time intervals, and thereby generate charging voltages SV1 and SV2.
輸出信號產生電路324耦接充電電路322以及323, 並接收充電電壓SV1、SV2以及預設電壓Vr1。輸出信號產生電路324分別針對預設電壓Vr1與充電電壓SV1及SV2進行比較並藉以設定振盪輸出信號CKOUT的邏輯準位。The output signal generating circuit 324 is coupled to the charging circuits 322 and 323, And receiving the charging voltages SV1, SV2 and the preset voltage Vr1. The output signal generating circuit 324 compares the preset voltage Vr1 with the charging voltages SV1 and SV2, respectively, and sets the logic level of the oscillating output signal CKOUT.
具體一點來說明,當充電電路322接收充電電流Ir2以進行充電動作時,充電電路323接收充電電流Ir2的路徑是被切斷的。此時,充電電路322所提供的充電電壓SV1逐漸上升而充電電路323所提供的充電電壓SV2則維持在固定的電壓準位上(例如0伏特)。輸出信號產生電路324則進行充電電壓SV1與預設電壓Vr1的比對動作,並且,當充電電壓SV1大於預設電壓Vr1時,輸出信號產生電路324設定振盪輸出信號CKOUT的邏輯準位例如等於邏輯準位“1”。Specifically, when the charging circuit 322 receives the charging current Ir2 to perform the charging operation, the path of the charging circuit 323 receiving the charging current Ir2 is cut off. At this time, the charging voltage SV1 supplied from the charging circuit 322 gradually rises and the charging voltage SV2 supplied from the charging circuit 323 is maintained at a fixed voltage level (for example, 0 volt). The output signal generating circuit 324 performs the comparison operation of the charging voltage SV1 and the preset voltage Vr1, and when the charging voltage SV1 is greater than the preset voltage Vr1, the output signal generating circuit 324 sets the logic level of the oscillation output signal CKOUT to be equal to, for example, logic. Level "1".
在此同時,充電電路322的充電動作結束,並開始充電電路323的充電動作。而在充電電路323充電的過程中,充電電路322則進行放電的動作,並使充電電壓SV1下降至例如等於0伏特。另外,輸出信號產生電路324進行充電電壓SV2與預設電壓Vr1的比對動作,並且,當充電電壓SV2大於預設電壓Vr1時,輸出信號產生電路324設定振盪輸出信號CKOUT的邏輯準位例如等於邏輯準位“0”。At the same time, the charging operation of the charging circuit 322 is completed, and the charging operation of the charging circuit 323 is started. While the charging circuit 323 is charging, the charging circuit 322 performs a discharge operation and causes the charging voltage SV1 to drop to, for example, 0 volts. In addition, the output signal generating circuit 324 performs a comparison operation of the charging voltage SV2 and the preset voltage Vr1, and when the charging voltage SV2 is greater than the preset voltage Vr1, the output signal generating circuit 324 sets the logic level of the oscillation output signal CKOUT to be equal to, for example, The logic level is "0".
由上述的說明可以得知,振盪電路120藉由充電電路322及323的交替充電動作,就可以使輸出信號產生電路324產生振盪輸出信號CKOUT。而透過控制充電電壓SV1及SV2上升至大於預設電壓Vr1所需的時間,就可以控制 振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。As can be seen from the above description, the oscillation circuit 120 can cause the output signal generating circuit 324 to generate the oscillation output signal CKOUT by the alternate charging operation of the charging circuits 322 and 323. By controlling the charging voltages SV1 and SV2 to rise to a time greater than the preset voltage Vr1, it is possible to control The frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT.
附帶一提的,在本實施例中,充電電路322及323可以分別依據開關控制信號SCTR及SCTRB來判斷是否進行充電的動作,其中,開關控制信號SCTR為開關控制信號SCTRB的反向信號。Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the charging circuits 322 and 323 can determine whether to perform charging according to the switching control signals SCTR and SCTRB, respectively, wherein the switching control signal SCTR is an inverted signal of the switching control signal SCTRB.
請參照圖4,圖4繪示本發明實施例的振盪電路120的另一實施方式。其中,振盪電路120包括電流源421、充電電路422、423、輸出信號產生電路424、參考電流源427以及電壓產生器429。充電電路422包括開關SW1、SW2以及可變電容C1。開關SW1的第一端耦接至電流源421,開關SW1受控於開關控制信號SCTR以導通或斷開。可變電容C1串接在開關SW1的第二端以及參考接地電壓GND間。開關SW2則串接在開關SW1的第二端以及參考接地電壓GND間。開關SW2同樣受控於開關控制信號SCTR以導通或斷開。其中,開關SW1以及SW2的導通及斷開的動作是相反的。Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the oscillating circuit 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The oscillator circuit 120 includes a current source 421, charging circuits 422 and 423, an output signal generating circuit 424, a reference current source 427, and a voltage generator 429. The charging circuit 422 includes switches SW1, SW2 and a variable capacitor C1. The first end of the switch SW1 is coupled to the current source 421, and the switch SW1 is controlled by the switch control signal SCTR to be turned on or off. The variable capacitor C1 is connected in series between the second end of the switch SW1 and the reference ground voltage GND. The switch SW2 is connected in series between the second end of the switch SW1 and the reference ground voltage GND. The switch SW2 is also controlled by the switch control signal SCTR to be turned on or off. Among them, the operations of turning on and off the switches SW1 and SW2 are reversed.
充電電路423則包括開關SW3、SW4以及可變電容C2。開關SW3的第一端耦接至電流源421,開關SW3受控於開關控制信號SCTRB以導通或斷開。可變電容C2串接在開關SW3的第二端以及參考接地電壓GND間。開關SW4則串接在開關SW3的第二端以及參考接地電壓GND間。開關SW4同樣受控於開關控制信號SCTRB以導通或斷開。其中,開關SW3以及SW4的導通及斷開的動作是相反的,且開關SW1以及開關SW3的導通及斷開的動作 是相反的。The charging circuit 423 includes switches SW3, SW4 and a variable capacitor C2. The first end of the switch SW3 is coupled to the current source 421, and the switch SW3 is controlled by the switch control signal SCTRB to be turned on or off. The variable capacitor C2 is connected in series between the second end of the switch SW3 and the reference ground voltage GND. The switch SW4 is connected in series between the second end of the switch SW3 and the reference ground voltage GND. The switch SW4 is also controlled by the switch control signal SCTRB to be turned on or off. The operation of turning on and off the switches SW3 and SW4 is reversed, and the operations of turning on and off the switches SW1 and SW3 are performed. The opposite is true.
也就是說,當開關SW1是導通的狀態時(開關SW2是斷開的),充電電路422接收充電電流Ir2以使可變電容C1進行並使充電電壓SV1逐漸上升。同時,開關SW3為斷開,開關SW4是導通的。此時的可變電容C2被放電,並使充電電壓SV2等於參考接地電壓GND。相對的,當開關SW3是導通的狀態時(開關SW4是斷開的),充電電路423接收充電電流Ir2以使可變電容C2進行並使充電電壓SV2逐漸上升。同時,開關SW1為斷開,開關SW2是導通的。此時的可變電容C1被放電,並使充電電壓SV1等於參考接地電壓GND。That is, when the switch SW1 is in the on state (the switch SW2 is off), the charging circuit 422 receives the charging current Ir2 to cause the variable capacitor C1 to proceed and gradually increase the charging voltage SV1. At the same time, the switch SW3 is turned off, and the switch SW4 is turned on. The variable capacitor C2 at this time is discharged, and the charging voltage SV2 is equal to the reference ground voltage GND. In contrast, when the switch SW3 is in the on state (the switch SW4 is off), the charging circuit 423 receives the charging current Ir2 to cause the variable capacitor C2 to proceed and gradually increase the charging voltage SV2. At the same time, the switch SW1 is off and the switch SW2 is on. The variable capacitor C1 at this time is discharged, and the charging voltage SV1 is equal to the reference ground voltage GND.
本實施方式中的輸出信號產生電路424則包括比較器CMP1、CMP2以及SR閂鎖器SR1。比較器CMP1的一輸入端接收預設電壓Vr1,其另一輸入端接收充電電壓SV1。比較器CMP2的一輸入端接收預設電壓Vr1,其另一輸入端接收充電電壓SV2。SR閂鎖器SR1具有設定端S、重置端R以及輸出端Q及QN。SR閂鎖器SR1的設定端S耦接至比較器CMP1的輸出端,SR閂鎖器SR1的重置端R耦接至比較器CMP2的輸出端,SR閂鎖器SR1的輸出端Q產生振盪輸出信號CKOUT,而SR閂鎖器SR1的輸出端QN則產生振盪輸出信號CKOUT的反向信號CKOUTN。本實施例中的預設電壓Vr1則由電壓產生器429所產生。The output signal generating circuit 424 in the present embodiment includes comparators CMP1, CMP2 and an SR latch SR1. One input of the comparator CMP1 receives the preset voltage Vr1, and the other input receives the charging voltage SV1. One input of the comparator CMP2 receives the preset voltage Vr1, and the other input receives the charging voltage SV2. The SR latch SR1 has a set terminal S, a reset terminal R, and output terminals Q and QN. The set terminal S of the SR latch SR1 is coupled to the output of the comparator CMP1. The reset terminal R of the SR latch SR1 is coupled to the output of the comparator CMP2, and the output terminal Q of the SR latch SR1 oscillates. The output signal CKOUT is output, and the output terminal QN of the SR latch SR1 generates the inverted signal CKOUTN of the oscillating output signal CKOUT. The preset voltage Vr1 in this embodiment is generated by the voltage generator 429.
SR閂鎖器SR1在比較器CMP1比較出充電電壓SV1 大於預設電壓Vr1時,設定振盪輸出信號CKOUT為邏輯準位“1”,SR閂鎖器SR1並在比較器CMP2比較出充電電壓SV2大於預設電壓Vr1時,設定振盪輸出信號CKOUT為邏輯準位“0”。The SR latch SR1 compares the charging voltage SV1 at the comparator CMP1 When the voltage is greater than the preset voltage Vr1, the oscillation output signal CKOUT is set to a logic level "1", and the SR latch SR1 sets the oscillation output signal CKOUT to a logic level when the comparator CMP2 compares the charging voltage SV2 to be greater than the preset voltage Vr1. Bit "0".
輸出信號產生電路424並提供振盪輸出信號CKOUT以作為開關控制信號SCTR,並提供振盪輸出信號CKOUT的反向信號CKOUTN以作為開關控制信號SCTRB。The output signal generating circuit 424 supplies the oscillating output signal CKOUT as the switch control signal SCTR and provides the inverted signal CKOUTN of the oscillating output signal CKOUT as the switch control signal SCTRB.
由上述的說明不難發現,本實施方式中的振盪電路120的振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率可以透過控制充電電路422及423的至少其中之一的充電時間來完成。其中,透過控制電流源421所產生的充電電流Ir2的大小、可變電容C1以及可變電容C2的電容值等至少其中之一,都可以有效控制振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。It is not difficult to find from the above description that the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT of the oscillation circuit 120 in the present embodiment can be completed by controlling the charging time of at least one of the charging circuits 422 and 423. The frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT can be effectively controlled by controlling at least one of the magnitude of the charging current Ir2 generated by the current source 421, the capacitance of the variable capacitor C1, and the capacitance of the variable capacitor C2.
在本實施方式中,電流源421所產生的充電電流Ir2是依據鏡射參考電流源427所產生的參考電流所產生的,而參考電流源427則耦接至電壓產生器429以接收電壓產生器429所產生的參考電壓Vr2。此外,電壓產生器429可接收選中資料SELD,並依據選中資料SELD來產生參考電壓Vr2。也就是說,本實施方式中的振盪電路120可依據選中資料SELD來調整電流源421所產生的充電電流Ir2,並藉以調整振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。In the present embodiment, the charging current Ir2 generated by the current source 421 is generated according to the reference current generated by the mirror reference current source 427, and the reference current source 427 is coupled to the voltage generator 429 to receive the voltage generator. The reference voltage Vr2 generated by 429. In addition, the voltage generator 429 can receive the selected data SELD and generate the reference voltage Vr2 according to the selected data SELD. That is to say, the oscillating circuit 120 in the present embodiment can adjust the charging current Ir2 generated by the current source 421 according to the selected data SELD, and thereby adjust the frequency of the oscillating output signal CKOUT.
另外,可變電容C1及C2的電容值也可以依據選中資料SELD來進行調整,並藉以控制振盪輸出信號CKOUT的頻率。In addition, the capacitance values of the variable capacitors C1 and C2 can also be adjusted according to the selected data SELD, and thereby control the frequency of the oscillation output signal CKOUT.
綜上所述,本發明透過外部輸入資料來調整振盪電路所產生的振盪輸出信號的頻率,並在振盪輸出信號的頻率落入預設規格的頻率範圍時,將外部輸入資料寫入儲存器中。在晶片進入正常模式時,則讀取儲存器中的儲存資料來設定振盪輸出信號的頻率。如此一來,可以使各個晶片內振盪裝置可以產生符合規格的振盪輸出信號,以確保晶片可以正常的運作,有效提升封裝後晶片的良率。In summary, the present invention adjusts the frequency of the oscillating output signal generated by the oscillating circuit through external input data, and writes the external input data into the memory when the frequency of the oscillating output signal falls within the frequency range of the preset specification. . When the wafer enters the normal mode, the stored data in the memory is read to set the frequency of the oscillating output signal. In this way, each intra-wafer oscillating device can generate an oscillating output signal conforming to the specification to ensure that the wafer can operate normally, and effectively improve the yield of the packaged wafer.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,故本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
100、200‧‧‧晶片內振盪裝置100,200‧‧‧In-wafer oscillating device
110、210‧‧‧選擇器110, 210‧‧‧Selector
120、220‧‧‧振盪電路120, 220‧‧‧Oscillation circuit
130、230‧‧‧控制電路130, 230‧‧‧Control circuit
140‧‧‧儲存器140‧‧‧Storage
240‧‧‧非揮發性記憶體240‧‧‧ Non-volatile memory
250‧‧‧內部電路250‧‧‧Internal circuits
321、421‧‧‧電流源321, 421‧‧‧ current source
322、323、422、423‧‧‧充電電路322, 323, 422, 423‧‧‧ charging circuits
324、424‧‧‧輸出信號產生電路324, 424‧‧‧ Output signal generation circuit
427‧‧‧參考電流源427‧‧‧Reference current source
429‧‧‧電壓產生器429‧‧‧Voltage generator
VDD‧‧‧操作電壓VDD‧‧‧ operating voltage
Ir2‧‧‧充電電流Ir2‧‧‧Charging current
OINS‧‧‧外部指令OINS‧‧‧External instructions
CTR‧‧‧控制信號CTR‧‧‧ control signal
ODAT‧‧‧外部輸入資料ODAT‧‧‧ external input data
SDAT‧‧‧儲存資料SDAT‧‧‧Storage information
SELD‧‧‧選中資料SELD‧‧‧Selected materials
CKOUT‧‧‧振盪輸出信號CKOUT‧‧‧ oscillating output signal
TEN‧‧‧測試模式啟動信號TEN‧‧‧ test mode start signal
WCMD‧‧‧資料寫入命令WCMD‧‧‧ Data Write Command
RCMD‧‧‧讀取命令RCMD‧‧‧ read command
SV1、SV2‧‧‧充電電壓SV1, SV2‧‧‧ charging voltage
Vr1‧‧‧預設電壓Vr1‧‧‧Preset voltage
SCTR、SCTRB‧‧‧開關控制信號SCTR, SCTRB‧‧‧ switch control signals
SW1~SW4‧‧‧開關SW1~SW4‧‧‧ switch
C1、C2‧‧‧可變電容C1, C2‧‧‧ variable capacitor
GND‧‧‧參考接地電壓GND‧‧‧reference ground voltage
SR1‧‧‧SR閂鎖器SR1‧‧‧SR latch
S‧‧‧設定端S‧‧‧Setting end
R‧‧‧重置端R‧‧‧Reset end
Q、QN‧‧‧輸出端Q, QN‧‧‧ output
CMP1、CMP2‧‧‧比較器CMP1, CMP2‧‧‧ comparator
CKOUTN‧‧‧反向信號CKOUTN‧‧‧reverse signal
圖1繪示本發明一實施例的晶片內振盪裝置100的示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intra-wafer oscillating device 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖2繪示本發明另一實施例的晶片內振盪裝置200的示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram of an intra-wafer oscillating device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
圖3繪示本發明實施例的振盪電路120的一實施方式。FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of an oscillating circuit 120 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4繪示本發明實施例的振盪電路120的另一實施方式。FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of an oscillating circuit 120 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
100‧‧‧晶片內振盪裝置100‧‧‧In-wafer oscillating device
110‧‧‧選擇器110‧‧‧Selector
120‧‧‧振盪電路120‧‧‧Oscillation circuit
130‧‧‧控制電路130‧‧‧Control circuit
140‧‧‧儲存器140‧‧‧Storage
CTR‧‧‧控制信號CTR‧‧‧ control signal
ODAT‧‧‧外部輸入資料ODAT‧‧‧ external input data
SDAT‧‧‧儲存資料SDAT‧‧‧Storage information
SELD‧‧‧選中資料SELD‧‧‧Selected materials
CKOUT‧‧‧振盪輸出信號CKOUT‧‧‧ oscillating output signal
TEN‧‧‧測試模式啟動信號TEN‧‧‧ test mode start signal
WCMD‧‧‧資料寫入命令WCMD‧‧‧ Data Write Command
Claims (15)
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