TWI429670B - 以異氰酸酯反應性嵌段共聚物為基質之輻射交聯及熱交聯pu系統 - Google Patents
以異氰酸酯反應性嵌段共聚物為基質之輻射交聯及熱交聯pu系統 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI429670B TWI429670B TW097112922A TW97112922A TWI429670B TW I429670 B TWI429670 B TW I429670B TW 097112922 A TW097112922 A TW 097112922A TW 97112922 A TW97112922 A TW 97112922A TW I429670 B TWI429670 B TW I429670B
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane composition
- block
- caprolactone
- poly
- acrylate
- Prior art date
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- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 poly(ε-caprolactone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 85
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
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- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BKKVYNMMVYEBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(OC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=C1Br BKKVYNMMVYEBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- VSVDQVJQWXJJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,6-dibromo-4-[2-(3,5-dibromo-4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(OC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(OC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=C1 VSVDQVJQWXJJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=C1 FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/4252—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyols containing polyether groups and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Description
本申請案係依美國專利法35 U.S.C.§119(e)主張關於2007年4月11日提出申請之臨時申請案序號60/922,883之優先權。
本發明係關於聚胺基甲酸酯系統,其係藉由輻射與熱作用伴隨著交聯而熟化,及其關於製造全息介質之用途。
在全息介質之製造上,如US 6,743,552中所述,資訊係被儲存於聚合體層中,其實質上包含基質聚合體與均勻地被分佈於其中之極特殊可聚合單體。此基質聚合體可以聚胺基甲酸酯為基料。其通常係自NCO-官能性預聚合體開始,以多元醇交聯,譬如聚醚或聚酯,伴隨著胺基甲酸酯形成而製成。
但是,有問題的是光學損害,譬如儲存層之不透明現象,係經常由於此種胺基甲酸酯基質與輻射熟化單體間之不相容性而發生。
包含聚異氰酸酯、多元醇及輻射熟化化合物(譬如以光化學方式交聯之反應性稀釋劑)之系統,係在個別情況中得知自塗層技術之領域(US 4,247,578,DE 19709560)。所提及之多元醇成份係實質上為聚醚-或聚酯為基料者,或聚丙烯酸酯多元醇。沒有特定陳述關於其與同樣存在之烯系不飽和化合物之相容性,譬如丙烯酸酯為基料之反應性稀釋劑。
本發明之一項目的係為提供聚胺基甲酸酯系統,其係適用於
製造供全息儲存介質用之儲存層,且其具有聚胺基甲酸酯基質聚合體與存在於其中之烯系不飽和輻射熟化單體之光學上令人滿意相容性。
目前已發現當使用異氰酸酯反應性嵌段共聚物作為基質聚合體之結構單位時,基質聚合體與不飽和單體之優越相容性係精密地獲得。
本發明係關於聚胺基甲酸酯系統,其包含A)聚異氰酸酯,B)異氰酸酯反應性嵌段共聚物,C)具有在曝露至光化輻射時會與乙烯系不飽和化合物反應且伴隨著聚合反應之基團(輻射熟化基團)之化合物,D)視情況選用之自由基安定劑,及E)光引發劑。
當在本文中被使用於本專利說明書與請求項中時,包括當被使用於實例中時,且除非另有明確地指定,否則所有數目可被解讀為猶如被字詞"約"所前置,即使此術語並未明確地出現亦然。而且,本文所述之任何數字範圍係意欲包括於其中所包含之所有次範圍。
就本發明而論,應明瞭嵌段共聚物係意謂聚合化合物,其包含兩個或多個嵌段,於各情況中具有關於單體為均勻之聚合體鏈,且係以化學方式結合至彼此,較佳為線性地。
可使用之成份A)聚異氰酸酯均為熟諳此藝者本質上所習知之化合物,或其混合物,其平均每分子具有兩個或多個NCO官能
基。此等可具有芳族、芳脂族、脂族或環脂族基礎。含有不飽和基團之單異氰酸酯及/或聚異氰酸酯亦可共同地以少量使用。
例如,二異氰酸次丁酯、二異氰酸六亞甲酯(HDI)、二異氰酸異佛爾酮酯(IPDI)、1,8-二異氰酸基-4-(異氰酸基甲基)辛烷、二異氰酸2,2,4-及/或2,4,4-三甲基六亞甲酯,異構雙(4,4'-異氰酸基環己基)-甲烷類,及其具有任何所要異構物含量之混合物,二異氰酸異氰酸基甲基-1,8-辛烷酯、二異氰酸1,4-次環己酯、異構二異氰酸環己烷二亞甲酯、二異氰酸1,4-苯酯、二異氰酸2,4-及/或2,6-甲苯酯、二異氰酸1,5-次萘酯、二異氰酸2,4'-或4,4'-二苯甲烷酯及/或4,4',4"-三異氰酸三苯甲烷酯,係為適當。
亦可利用具有胺基甲酸酯、脲、碳化二醯亞胺、醯基脲、異三聚氰酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、縮二脲、二三酮、脲二酮及/或亞胺基二二酮結構之單體性二-或三異氰酸酯之衍生物。
較佳係利用以脂族及/或環脂族二-或三異氰酸酯為基料之聚異氰酸酯。
成份A)之聚異氰酸酯為特佳經二聚合或寡聚合之脂族及/或環脂族二-或三異氰酸酯。
以HDI、1,8-二異氰酸基-4-(異氰酸基甲基)辛烷或其混合物為基料之異三聚氰酸酯、脲二酮及/或亞胺基二二酮係為極特佳。
成份A)較佳係具有至少60重量%之聚異氰酸酯,以脂族及/或環脂族二-及/或三異氰酸酯為基料。
成份A)之聚異氰酸酯之NCO基團亦可以本質上習用於工業上之阻斷劑完全或部份阻斷。此等係為例如醇類、內醯胺類、肟
類、丙二酸酯類、乙醯醋酸烷酯類、三唑類、酚類、咪唑類、吡唑類及胺類,例如丁酮肟、二異丙基胺、1,2,4-三唑、二甲基-1,2,4-三唑、咪唑、丙二酸二乙酯、乙醯醋酸乙酯、丙酮肟、3,5-二甲基吡唑、ε-己內醯胺、N-第三-丁基苄胺、環戊酮羧乙酯,或此等阻斷劑之任何所要混合物。
所有羥基官能性嵌段共聚物可使用於成份B)中。此等可含有例如兩個或多個似嵌段排列之聚酯、聚醚、聚碳酸酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯及/或聚胺基甲酸酯鏈段。
聚酯鏈段可例如衍生自線性聚酯二醇或分枝狀聚酯多元醇,如以已知方式得自脂族、環脂族或芳族二-或多羧酸或其酐類,其中多羥醇類具有OH官能基度≧2。
此種二-或多羧酸或酐類之實例為琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、壬二羧酸、癸二羧酸、對苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、鄰-苯二甲酸、四氫鄰苯二甲酸、六氫鄰苯二甲酸或苯三甲酸,及酸酐類,譬如鄰-苯二甲酸、苯三甲酸或琥珀酐,或其與彼此之任何所要混合物。
此種適當醇類之實例為乙烷二醇,二-、三-或四乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇,二-、三-或四丙二醇,1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,4-二羥基環己烷、1,4-二羥甲基環己烷、1,8-辛二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、甘油,或其與彼此之任何所要混合物。
聚酯鏈段亦可以天然原料為基料,譬如蓖麻油。聚酯鏈段亦可以內酯之均-或共聚物為基料,其較佳可藉由內酯或內酯混合
物,譬如丁內酯、ε-己內酯及/或甲基-ε-己內酯,與羥基官能性化合物,譬如具有OH官能基度≧2之多羥醇類,例如上文所指出之類型,或聚合體之羥基官能性鏈段之加成反應而獲得。
聚酯鏈段以其為基料之多元醇,較佳係具有數目平均莫耳質量為400至4000克/莫耳,特佳為500至2000克/莫耳。其OH官能基度較佳為1.5至3.5,特佳為1.8至3.0。
聚碳酸酯鏈段通常係以多元醇為基料,其可以本質上已知之方式,經由使有機碳酸酯或光氣與二醇類或二醇混合物反應而獲得。
適當有機碳酸酯為碳酸二甲酯、二乙酯及二苯酯。
適當二醇類或二醇混合物包含本質上關於聚酯鏈段所述,且具有OH官能基度≧2之多羥醇類,較佳為1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇及/或3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇。
聚碳酸酯鏈段以其為基料之多元醇較佳係具有數目平均莫耳質量為400至4000克/莫耳,特佳為500至2000克/莫耳。此等多元醇之OH官能基度較佳為1.8至3.2,特佳為1.9至3.0。
聚醚鏈段通常係以環狀醚類與OH-或NH-官能性引發劑分子之聚加成物為基料,該聚加成物視情況具有嵌段結構。
適當環狀醚類為例如苯乙烯氧化物、環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷、四氫呋喃、環氧丁烷、環氧氯丙烷,及其任何所要之混合物。
可使用之引發劑為本質上關於聚酯鏈段所述,且具有OH官能基度≧2之多羥醇類,與一級或二級胺類,及胺基醇類。聚合體之羥基官能性鏈段亦能夠充作聚醚嵌段之引發劑。
聚醚鏈段以其為基料之多元醇,較佳係具有數目平均莫耳質
量為250至10000克/莫耳,特佳為500至4000克/莫耳,且極特佳為600至2000克/莫耳。OH官能基度較佳為1.5至4.0,特佳為1.8至3.0。
嵌段共聚物通常係自關於鏈段所述類型之二-或多羥基官能性化合物開始合成,其他嵌段係與其一起接受後續聚加成或聚縮合。依OH官能基度與後續似嵌段加成或縮合步驟數目而定,係獲得二-、三-、四-或多嵌段共聚物。
合成較佳係自上文關於鏈段所述類型之聚碳酸酯-、聚醚-或聚酯為基料之二羥基官能性化合物開始而達成,內酯,譬如丁內酯、ε-己內酯、甲基-ε-己內酯、γ-苯基-ε-己內酯或ε-癸內酯,係與其一起接受似嵌段加成反應。依此方式,線性三-或多崁段共聚物係形成,例如具有組成為聚(內酯)-嵌段-聚(碳酸酯)-嵌段-聚(內酯)或聚(內酯)-嵌段-聚(醚)-嵌段-聚(內酯)或聚(內酯)-嵌段-聚(酯)-嵌段-聚(內酯),具有末端羥基。
特佳情況是,關於本發明嵌段共聚物之基礎係為雙官能性聚醚,內酯係與其一起接受似嵌段加成反應,以致造成具有末端羥基之線性聚(內酯)-嵌段-聚(醚)-嵌段-聚(內酯)-多元醇。
內部聚醚鏈段較佳係以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷或四氫呋喃,特佳係以四氫呋喃為基料。其較佳係具有數目平均莫耳質量為250克/莫耳至2000克/莫耳,較佳為500至1500克/莫耳,特佳為600至1100克/莫耳。
內酯嵌段較佳係以ε-己內酯為基料,且於各情況中較佳係具有數目平均莫耳質量為114克/莫耳至1500克/莫耳,特佳為114克/莫耳至1000克/莫耳,而極特佳為114克/莫耳至700克/莫耳。
極特佳嵌段共聚物為具有末端羥基之線性聚(ε-己內酯)-嵌段-聚(四氫呋喃)-嵌段-聚(ε-己內酯)多元醇,且數目平均莫耳質量為500克/莫耳至5000克/莫耳,較佳為600克/莫耳至4000克/莫耳,特佳為700克/莫耳至3000克/莫耳,聚(四氫呋喃)嵌段之平均質量分率,以數目平均嵌段共聚物為基準,係為0.2至0.9,較佳為0.4至0.8,特佳為0.5至0.7,且兩個聚(ε-己內酯)嵌段之平均質量分率,以數目平均嵌段共聚物為基率,係為0.1至0.8,較佳為0.2至0.5,且特佳為0.3至0.4。
根據本發明之嵌段共聚物係例如以上文所指出之方式,經由使隨後之嵌段接受與較佳為二羥基官能性多元醇嵌段之加成或縮合反應而獲得。在內酯嵌段之情況中,係添加適當內酯,及添加供聚合反應用之適當觸媒。適當觸媒為所有適合酯化作用者,例如辛酸錫、氯化錫及對-甲苯磺酸。此處,觸媒係以50至1000 ppm之濃度使用,較佳為100至800 ppm,特佳為150至500 ppm。
聚加成係在90至260℃之溫度下進行,較佳為100至180℃。依系統而定,反應之延續時間為1至15小時,較佳為2至10小時。反應之進展係於規則間隔下,藉由測定固含量,意即非揮發性部份,進行觀察,且聚合反應係在達到固含量為95重量%,較佳為99.5重量%時,藉由冷卻至室溫而終止。
除了本發明所必須之嵌段共聚物及其混合物以外,其他多元醇亦可存在於根據本發明之PU系統中。此等較佳為聚(氧化丙烯)、聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯及/或聚(四氫呋喃),具有OH官能基度為2至4,及數目平均莫耳質量為250至5000克/莫耳,較佳為
400至3000克/莫耳,且特佳為500至2000克/莫耳。
若使用,則嵌段共聚物之比例為1至100重量%,較佳為20至100重量%,特佳為60至100重量%,以成份B)與其他多元醇量之總和為基準。
在成份C)中,可使用α,β-不飽和羧酸衍生物,譬如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、順丁烯二酸酯、反丁烯二酸酯、順丁烯二醯亞胺、丙烯醯胺,及再者為乙烯基醚類、丙烯醚、烯丙基醚,及含有二環戊二烯基單位之化合物,及烯系不飽和化合物,譬如苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、乙烯基咔唑,烯烴,例如1-辛烯及/或1-癸烯,乙烯基酯類,例如得自Shell之VeoVa 9及/或VeoVa 10,(甲基)丙烯腈、(甲基)丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸,及其任何所要之混合物。丙烯酸酯與甲基丙烯酸酯為較佳,而丙烯酸酯為特佳。
丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸之酯類通常係被稱為丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。可使用之丙烯酸酯與甲基丙烯酸酯之實例為丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸乙氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙氧基乙酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正-丁酯、丙烯酸第三-丁酯、甲基丙烯酸第三-丁酯、丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸丁氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁氧基乙酯、丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、丙烯酸異酯、甲基丙烯酸異酯、丙烯酸苯酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸對-氯苯酯、甲基丙烯酸對-氯苯酯、丙烯酸對-溴苯酯、甲基丙烯酸對-溴苯酯、丙烯酸三氯苯酯、甲基丙烯酸三氯苯酯、丙烯酸三溴苯酯、甲
基丙烯酸三溴苯酯、丙烯酸五氯苯酯、甲基丙烯酸五氯苯酯、丙烯酸五溴苯酯、甲基丙烯酸五溴苯酯、丙烯酸五溴基苄酯、甲基丙烯酸五溴基苄酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸苯氧基乙氧基乙酯、丙烯酸2-萘酯、甲基丙烯酸2-萘基酯、丙烯酸1,4-雙-(2-硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、甲基丙烯酸1,4-雙-(2-硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、二丙烯酸雙酚A酯、二甲基丙烯酸雙酚A酯、二丙烯酸四溴基雙酚A酯、二甲基丙烯酸四溴基雙酚A酯、丙烯酸2,2,2-三氟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,2-三氟乙酯、丙烯酸1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟異丙酯、甲基丙烯酸1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟異丙酯、丙烯酸2,2,3,3,3-五氟基丙酯及/或甲基丙烯酸2,2,3,3,3-五氟基丙酯。
亦適合作為成份C)之環氧基丙烯酸酯可以雙酚A二縮水甘油基醚與(甲基)丙烯酸羥烷酯及羧酸類之反應產物獲得,雙酚A二縮水甘油基醚係首先與(甲基)丙烯酸羥烷酯反應,伴隨著藉由路易士酸之催化作用,且此羥基官能性反應產物係接著以羧酸進行酯化,藉由熟諳此藝者所已知之方法。雙酚A二縮水甘油基醚本身,與經溴化之變型,例如四溴基雙酚A二縮水甘油基醚(得自Dow化學,D.E.R.542),可有利地作為二環氧化物使用。所有上述羥基官能性丙烯酸酯可作為(甲基)丙烯酸羥烷酯使用,特別是丙烯酸2-羥乙酯、丙烯酸羥丙酯、丙烯酸4-羥丁酯、聚(ε-己內酯)單(甲基)丙烯酸酯及聚(乙二醇)單(甲基)丙烯酸酯。所有單官能性羧酸類係原則上適合作為該羧酸,特別是具有芳族取代基者。已証實二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙
烷-2,1-二基]酯係為此種丙烯酸環氧酯之較佳化合物。
適用於成份C)之乙烯基芳族化合物為苯乙烯,苯乙烯之鹵化衍生物,例如2-氯苯乙烯、3-氯苯乙烯、4-氯苯乙烯、2-溴苯乙烯、3-溴苯乙烯、4-溴苯乙烯、對-(氯基甲基)苯乙烯、對-(溴基甲基)苯乙烯,或1-乙烯基萘、2-乙烯基萘、2-乙烯基蒽、N-乙烯基四氫吡咯酮、9-乙烯基蒽、9-乙烯基咔唑,或雙官能性化合物,譬如二乙烯基苯。乙烯基醚類,例如丁基乙烯基醚,亦適合。
成份C)之較佳化合物為9-乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基萘、二丙烯酸雙酚A酯、二丙烯酸四溴基雙酚A酯、丙烯酸1,4-雙-(2-硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、丙烯酸五溴苯酯、丙烯酸萘酯及二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]-氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]酯。
一或多種自由基安定劑係作為成份D)使用。如在"Methoden der Organischen Chemie[有機化學方法]"(Houben-Weyl),第4版,第XIV/1卷,第433頁及其後文,Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart 1961中所述之抑制劑與抗氧化劑係適合。適當種類之物質為例如酚類,例如2,6-二-第三-丁基-4-甲基酚、甲酚、對苯二酚,苄基醇類,譬如二苯甲醇,視情況亦為醌類,例如2,5-二-第三-丁基醌,視情況亦為芳族胺類,譬如二異丙基胺或酚噻。較佳自由基安定劑為2,6-二-第三-丁基-4-甲基酚、酚噻及二苯甲醇。
一或多種光引發劑係作為成份E)使用。此等通常係為可藉由光化輻射活化,且引發相應可聚合基團之自由基聚合之引發
劑。光引發劑為本質上已知之市售化合物,在單分子(類型I)與二分子(類型II)引發劑之間作區別。(類型I)系統為例如芳族酮化合物,例如二苯甲酮類,且併用三級胺類,烷基二苯甲酮類、4,4'-雙(二甲胺基)二苯甲酮(Michler氏酮)、蒽酮及鹵化之二苯甲酮類,或該類型之混合物。(類型II)引發劑,譬如安息香及其衍生物,苄基縮醛類,醯基膦氧化物,例如2,4,6-三-甲基苯甲醯基二苯膦氧化物、雙醯基膦氧化物,苯基乙醛酸酯類、樟腦醌、α-胺基烷基苯基酮類、α,α-二烷氧基苯乙酮、1-[4-(苯硫基)苯基]辛烷-1,2-二酮-2-(O-苯甲醯基肟)及α-羥烷基苯基酮類,係為更適當。在EP-A 0223587中所述,且包含芳基硼酸銨與一或多種染料之混合物之光引發劑系統,亦可作為光引發劑使用。例如,三苯基己基硼酸四丁基銨、參-(3-氟苯基)己基硼酸四丁基銨及參-(3-氯基-4-甲基苯基)己基硼酸四甲基銨,係適合作為芳基硼酸銨。適當染料為例如新亞甲基藍、硫堇、鹼性黃色、氯化匹那氰醇、羅達胺6G、棓花青、乙基紫、維多利亞藍R、天青石藍、2-甲基喹啉紅、結晶紫、明亮綠色、Astrazon橘色G、Darrow紅色、哌洛寧(pyronine)Y、鹼性紅色29、吡利(pyrillium)I、花青、亞甲基藍及天藍A。
亦可有利地使用此等化合物之混合物。依用於熟化之輻射源而定,必須以熟諳此藝者所已知之方式使類型與濃度適合光引發劑。進一步細節係描述於例如P.K.T.Oldring(編著),用於塗料、油墨及油漆之UV & EB配方之化學與技術,第3卷,1991,SITA技術,London,第61-328頁中。
較佳光引發劑為2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基二苯膦氧化物、1-[4-(苯
硫基)苯基]辛烷-1,2-二酮-2-(O-苯甲醯基肟),及參(3-氟苯基)己基硼酸四丁基銨、參(3-氯基-4-甲基苯基)己基硼酸四甲基銨與染料之混合物,該染料例如亞甲基藍、新亞甲基藍、天藍A、吡利(pyrillium)I、花青、棓花青、明亮綠色、結晶紫及硫堇。
再者,一或多種觸媒可被使用於根據本發明之PU系統中。此等較佳係催化胺基甲酸酯形成。胺類,與金屬錫、鋅、鐵、鉍、鉬、鈷、鈣、鎂及鋯之金屬化合物,係較佳地適合此項目的。辛酸錫、辛酸鋅、二月桂酸二丁基錫、二羧酸二甲基錫、乙醯基丙酮酸鐵(III)、氯化鐵(II)、氯化鋅、氫氧化四烷基銨、鹼金屬氫氧化物、鹼金屬醇化物,具有10至20個碳原子與視情況選用OH側基之長鏈脂肪酸類之鹼金屬鹽,辛酸鉛或三級胺類,譬如三乙胺、三丁胺、二甲基苄胺、二環己基甲胺、二甲基環己胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基二胺基乙醚、雙(二甲基-胺基丙基)脲、N-甲基-或N-乙基嗎福啉、N,N'-二嗎福啉-乙醚(DMDEE)、N-環己基嗎福啉、N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基丁二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺、五甲基二乙三胺、二甲基六氫吡、N-二甲胺基乙基六氫吡啶、1,2-二甲基咪唑、N-羥丙基咪唑、1-氮雙環并[2.2.0]辛烷、1,4-二氮雙環并[2.2.2]辛烷(Dabco),或烷醇胺化合物,譬如三乙醇胺、三異丙醇胺、N-甲基-與N-乙基二乙醇胺、二甲胺基乙醇、2-(N,N-二甲胺基乙氧基)乙醇,或N-參(二烷胺基烷基)六氫三類,例如N,N',N-參(二甲胺基丙基)-螺-六氫三、二氮雙環壬烷、二氮雙環并十一烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基胍、1,3,4,6,7,8-六氫-1-甲基-2H-嘧啶并(1,2-a)嘧啶,係為特佳。
特佳觸媒為二月桂酸二丁基錫、二羧酸二甲基錫、乙醯基丙
酮酸鐵(III)、1,4-二氮雙環并[2.2.2]辛烷、二氮雙環壬烷、二氮雙環并十一烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基胍及1,3,4,6,7,8-六氫-1-甲基-2H-嘧啶并(1,2-a)嘧啶。
此外,其他輔助劑與添加劑亦可存在於根據本發明之PU系統中。此等係為例如溶劑、增塑劑、平整劑、消泡劑或黏著促進劑,以及聚胺基甲酸酯、熱塑性聚合體、寡聚物,及具有官能基之其他化合物,該官能基例如縮醛類、環氧化物、環氧丙烷、唑啉類、二氧伍圜類及/或親水性基團,例如鹽及/或聚氧化乙烯。
較佳使用之溶劑為與根據本發明之2-成份配方具有良好相容性之易於揮發性溶劑,例如醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯或丙酮。
具有良好溶解性質、低揮發性及高沸點之液體,較佳係作為增塑劑使用;此等可為例如己二酸二異丁酯、己二酸二-正-丁酯、鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯,非羥基官能性聚醚,例如聚乙二醇二甲基醚,具有數目平均莫耳質量為250克/莫耳至2000克/莫耳,或聚丙二醇,及該化合物之混合物。
亦可有利地同時使用一種類型之多種添加劑。當然,亦可有利地使用多種類型之多種添加劑。
成份B)至E)及視情況選用之觸媒與輔助劑及添加劑之混合物通常包含24.999-99.899重量%之成份B)0.1-75重量%之成份C)0-3重量%之成份D)0.001-5重量%之成份E)
0-4重量%之觸媒0-50重量%之輔助劑與添加劑。
混合物較佳係包含86.998-97.998重量%之成份B)2-13重量%之成份C)0.001-1重量%之成份D)0.001-1重量%之成份E)0-2重量%之觸媒0-15重量%之輔助劑與添加劑。
混合物係同樣較佳地包含44.8-87.8重量%之成份B)12.5-55重量%之成份C)0.1-3重量%之成份D)0.1-3重量%之成份E)0-3重量%之觸媒0-50重量%之輔助劑與添加劑。
NCO對OH之莫耳比典型上為0.5至2.0,較佳為0.90至1.25。
根據本發明之PU系統通常係藉由一種程序獲得,其中係首先將所有成份互相混合,惟聚異氰酸酯A)除外。這可藉由熟諳此藝者本質上得知自混合技術之所有方法與裝置達成,例如攪拌容器,或動態與靜態混合器兩者。在此程序期間之溫度為0至100℃,較佳為10至80℃,特佳為20至60℃。可將此混合物立即進一步處理,或可以儲存安定中間物儲存,視情況歷經數個月。
若夠要則脫氣亦可在例如1毫巴之真空下進行。
然後,在塗敷之前不久,達成與聚異氰酸酯成份A)之混合,其同樣地可使用習用混合技術。但是,未具有任何或僅具有極少死角空間之裝置係為較佳。再者,其中混合係在極短時間內達成,且伴隨著兩種混合成份之極激烈混合之方法係為較佳。動態混合器,特別是其中成份A)與B)至E)係首先與彼此在混合器中接觸者,係特別適合此項目的。此混合可在溫度為0至80℃下達成,較佳在5至50℃下,特佳為10至40℃。兩種成份A與B之混合物亦可視情況在例如1毫巴之真空下混合之後被脫氣,以移除殘留氣體,及防止氣泡在聚合體層中形成。此混合係獲得透明液體配方,依組合物而定,其係在數秒鐘至數小時內,於室溫下熟化。
根據本發明之PU系統較佳係經調整,以致使在室溫下之熟化係於數分鐘至一小時內開始。於一項較佳具體實施例中,係在混合至溫度介於30與180℃之間,較佳為40至120℃,特佳為50至100℃之後,藉由將配方加熱使熟化加速。
就在混合所有成份之後,根據本發明之聚胺基甲酸酯系統在室溫下具有黏度典型上為10至100 000 mPa.s,較佳為100至20 000 mPa.s,特佳為500至10 000 mPa.s,以致其係具有極良好加工處理性質,即使是在不含溶劑形式中亦然。於溶液中,可建立在室溫下具有適當溶劑黏度低於10 000 mPa.s,較佳係低於2000 mPa.s,特佳係低於500 mPa.s。
本發明係進一步關於可得自根據本發明PU系統之聚合體。
此等較佳係具有玻璃轉移溫度低於-10℃,較佳係低於-25℃,且特佳係低於-40℃。
根據一種較佳方法,根據本發明之配方係就在混合後被塗敷至基材,可使用熟諳塗覆技術者所已知之所有習用方法;特定言之,塗料可藉由刮刀塗覆、鑄膜、印刷、網版印刷、噴塗或噴墨印刷塗敷。
基材可為塑膠、金屬、木材、紙、玻璃、陶瓷及包含許多此等材料之複合材料,於一項較佳具體實施例中,基材具有薄片形式。
於一項較佳具體實施例中,基材以配方之塗覆係在連續製程中進行。通常根據本發明之配方係以具有厚度為5毫米至1微米,較佳為500微米至5微米,特佳為50微米至8微米,而極特佳為25微米至10微米之薄膜塗敷至基材。
在薄片作為基材之情況中,可撓性、經塗覆之薄片係如此獲得,該薄片,在連續製程之情況中,可於熟化後被捲起,且因此儲存歷經數個月。
在進一步較佳具體實施例中,係塗敷配方,以致使其係被透明基材(特別是塑膠或玻璃)覆蓋在兩個側面上,對此項目的而言,係將配方傾倒於基材之間,基材係被保持在精確間距為1至2毫米下,較佳為1.2至1.8毫米,特佳為1.4至1.6毫米,特別是1.5毫米,且基材係被保持在該精確間距下,直到配方已完全固化,且不可再流動為止。
作為基材使用之材料當然可具有許多層。基材可包含多種不同材料之層,且其可另外具有例如塗層,具有其他性質,譬如經改良之黏著性、經增強之疏水或親水性質、經改良之抗刮痕性、在特定波長範圍中之抗反射性質、經改良之表面均勻性等。
藉由所述方法之一所獲得之材料可接著被使用於全息圖之記錄。對此項目的而言,係藉由熟諳全息攝影術技藝者所已知之方法,造成兩條光束,以干擾此材料(P.Hariharan,光學全息攝影術,第2版,Cambridge大學出版社,1996),因此形成全息圖。全息圖之曝光可藉由連續及藉由脈衝式照射兩者達成。視情況亦能夠藉由在相同材料中及在相同點處之曝光,以產生超過一個全息圖,可使用例如熟諳全息攝影術技藝者所已知之角度多重化方法。在全息圖曝光後,此材料亦可視情況被曝露至強寬帶光源,然後使用此全息圖,而無需進一步加工處理步驟。全息圖亦可視情況進一步藉由其他處理步驟進行處理,例如轉移至另一個基材、變形、插入模製、以黏著方式黏結至另一個表面,或以抗刮痕塗層覆蓋。
藉由所述方法之一所產生之全息圖可充當資料儲存,供影像之呈現,其係充作例如供人或物體之三次元呈現,及供人或物件之認証,供製造具有透鏡、鏡子、濾光鏡、擴散屏幕、繞射元件、光學波導管及/或光罩功能之光學元件。
本發明因此係進一步關於根據本發明之PU系統於全息介質製造上之用途,及全息介質本身。
固含量係於各情況中藉下述方法測定:將約1克物質精確地稱量於鋁盤上,鋁盤之重量係事先精確地測得。然後,在140℃下,於乾燥天平上進行乾燥,直到發現試樣具有恆定質量為止。接著,將鋁盤稱重,且固含量係以乾燥
後物質質量除以乾燥前物質質量之商計算。
嵌段共聚物A:
首先將0.10克辛酸錫、64.56克ε-己內酯及135.34克三官能性聚氧化丙烯聚醚多元醇(當量239克/莫耳OH)引進250毫升燒瓶中,並加熱至150℃,且保持在此溫度下,直到固含量(非揮發性成份之比例)為99.5重量%或較高為止。然後達成冷卻,並獲得產物,為黏稠液體。
嵌段共聚物B:
首先將0.25克辛酸錫、172.29克ε-己內酯及327.46克雙官能性聚四氫呋喃聚醚多元醇(當量325克/莫耳OH)引進1升燒瓶中,並加熱至120℃,及保持在此溫度下,直到固含量(非揮發性成份之比例)為99.5重量%或較高為止。然後達成冷卻,並獲得產物,為黏稠液體。
嵌段共聚物C:
首先將0.18克辛酸錫、374.81克ε-己內酯及374.81克雙官能性聚四氫呋喃聚醚多元醇(當量500克/莫耳OH)引進1升燒瓶中,並加熱至120℃,及保持在此溫度下,直到固含量(非揮發性成份之比例)為99.5重量%或較高為止。然後達成冷卻,並獲得產物,為蠟狀固體。
嵌段共聚物D:
首先將0.37克辛酸錫、428.14克ε-己內酯及321.48克雙官能性聚酯多元醇(由己二酸、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇及新戊二醇所組成,當量214克/莫耳OH)引進1升燒瓶中,並加熱至150℃,及保持在此溫度下,直到固含量(非揮發性成份之比例)為99.5重量%
或較高為止。然後達成冷卻,並獲得產物,為黏稠液體。
嵌段共聚物E:
首先將0.249克辛酸錫、325克雙官能性聚四氫呋喃聚醚多元醇(當量325克/莫耳OH)及172,2克γ-丁內酯引進1升三頸瓶中,並加熱至160℃,及在該溫度下攪拌大約60小時。使其餘γ-丁內酯在90℃,0.1毫巴下蒸餾出。所形成之嵌段共聚物係不含單體性γ-丁內酯,且具有OH#為162.5。
PU配方A:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自6.159克嵌段共聚物A、0.500克甲基丙烯酸苄酯、0.015克Darocure TPO(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0.050克二苯甲醇,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高脲二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur N3400,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之商品,NCO含量:21.6%)。
PU配方B:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自7.446克嵌段共聚物A、0.493克丙烯酸1,4-雙(硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、0.037克Irgacure OXE 01(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0.025克2,6-二-第三-丁基-4-甲基酚,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur VP LS 2294,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.2%)。
PU配方C:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自9.049克嵌段共聚物B、0.660克二
丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]酯、0.026克Darocure TPO(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)、0.079克二苯甲醇及0.396克鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur XP 2410,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.5%)。
PU配方D:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自8.015克嵌段共聚物C、0.800克二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]酯、0.015克Darocure TPO(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0.050克二苯甲醇,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur XP 2410,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.5%)。
PU配方E:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自6.650克嵌段共聚物D、0.800克二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]酯、0.015克Darocure TPO(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0.050克二苯甲醇,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而
具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur XP 2410,得自Bayer MaterialScience,AG之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.5%)。
PU配方F:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自6.201克嵌段共聚物E、0.500克二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]-酯、0.020克Darocure TPO(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0,060克二苯甲醇,其方式是將混合物在60℃下攪拌。然後,添加0.300克鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur XP 2410,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.5%)。
比較實例:PU配方G:
異氰酸酯反應性成份係製自13.955克線性雙官能性聚(四氫呋喃)(Terathane 650,Invista之產物,325克/莫耳OH)、0.929克丙烯酸1,4-雙(硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、0.070克Irgacure OXE 01(得自Ciba特用化學品之產物)及0.046克2,6-二-第三-丁基-4-甲基酚,其方式是將此混合物在50℃下攪拌,直到透明溶液存在為止。所使用之異氰酸酯成份為得自己烷二異氰酸酯而具有高二二酮含量之聚異氰酸酯(Desmodur XP 2410,得自拜耳材料科學股份有限公司之實驗產物,NCO含量:23.5%)。
待測試樣係製自表中所述之PU配方,其方式是將異氰酸酯成份與異氰酸酯反應性成份以所述比例混合,伴隨著添加所述量之二羧酸二甲基錫(Fomrez UL 28,GE Silicones之產物)作為胺基甲酸酯化作用觸媒。
然後,將個別配方塗敷至玻璃板,並以第二片玻璃板覆蓋,使用隔體保持兩片玻璃板間隔適當距離(例如250微米),且混合物係完全潤濕玻璃板之兩個內部表面。關於熟化,係首先將如此製成之試樣在室溫下儲存30分鐘,接著於50℃或60℃下熟化兩小時。光學透明性係在室溫熟化開始時,於30分鐘室溫熟化結束後,及在2小時50度強制熟化結束後進行評估。評估係以下列綱要為基礎:1=透明2=稍微地混濁3=完全不透明
下列數值係對所述之實例配方獲得:
關於光學性質之進一步測試,配方A、B、E及F之待測試樣係接著在藉由造成兩條雷射光束(λ=405奈米)以干擾待測試樣之點下曝光。然後,將試樣之外觀根據下列分類評價:
1=曝光區域係在特定觀察時間後,僅極大困難地可以肉眼發覺。
2=曝光區域可容易立即以肉眼觀察。
3=曝光區域顯示強混濁光暈。
因此發現根據本發明之2-成份配方A至F在所有經評估之標準中具有實質上較高透明度,勝過比較實例F。
Claims (16)
- 一種聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其包含A)一或多種聚異氰酸酯,B)一或多種異氰酸酯反應性嵌段共聚物,C)一或多種具有在曝露至光化輻射時會與乙烯系不飽和化合物反應且伴隨著聚合反應之基團之化合物,及E)一或多種光引發劑;其中被使用於B)中之嵌段共聚物係以作為內部嵌段之聚碳酸酯-、聚醚-或聚酯系之二羥官能基化合物為基料,使其羥基接受與內酯之似嵌段加成反應,而得三-或多嵌段共聚物。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中至少60重量%之成份A)聚異氰酸酯係以脂族及/或環脂族二-及/或三異氰酸酯為基料。
- 如請求項2之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中成份A)之聚異氰酸酯為脂族及/或環脂族二-或三異氰酸酯之寡聚物。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其又包含D)一或多種自由基安定劑。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中作為內部嵌段之二羥基官能性化合物係以聚醚二醇類為基料,該二醇類係以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷及/或四氫呋喃為基料。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中丁內酯、ε-己內酯、甲基-ε-己內酯、γ-苯基-ε-己內酯、ε-癸內酯或其混合物係作為內酯使用。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中內部聚醚嵌段具有數 目平均莫耳質量為250克/莫耳至2000克/莫耳。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中內酯嵌段係以ε-己內酯為基料,且各具有數目平均莫耳質量為114克/莫耳至700克/莫耳。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中具有末端羥基且數目平均莫耳質量為500克/莫耳至5000克/莫耳之線性聚(ε-己內酯)-嵌段-聚(四氫呋喃)-嵌段-聚(ε-己內酯)多元醇係存在於B)中作為嵌段共聚物,聚(四氫呋喃)嵌段之平均質量分率,以數目平均嵌段共聚物為基準,係為0.2至0.9,而兩個聚(ε-己內酯)嵌段之平均質量分率,以數目平均嵌段共聚物為基準,係為0.1至0.8。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中NCO對於其中之OH基團之莫耳比係為0.90至1.25。
- 如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物,其中包括9-乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基萘、二丙烯酸雙酚A酯、二丙烯酸四溴基雙酚A酯、丙烯酸1,4-雙(2-硫基萘基)-2-丁酯、丙烯酸五溴苯酯、丙烯酸萘酯及二丙烯酸丙烷-2,2-二基雙[(2,6-二溴基-4,1-次苯基)氧基(2-{[3,3,3-參(4-氯苯基)丙醯基]氧基}丙烷-3,1-二基)氧基乙烷-2,1-二基]酯之組群之一或多種化合物,係被使用於C)中。
- 一種聚合塑膠,其係製自如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物。
- 如請求項12之聚合塑膠,其中聚合塑膠為層或模製品。
- 如請求項12之聚合塑膠,其中聚合塑膠具有玻璃轉移溫度低於-40℃。
- 一種全息介質,其係製自如請求項1之聚胺基甲酸酯組合物。
- 一種全息介質,其包含至少一種如請求項12之聚合塑膠。
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JP5667438B2 (ja) | 2015-02-12 |
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DE602008005437D1 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
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