201116771 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種光源共用光學系統，並且特別 地，本發明係有關於一種可見光源與近紅外光源可同時投 射光線之光源共用光學系統。 【先前技術】 世界各國隨著工業進步的程度，車輛使用數量也隨著 逐年升高，當然也會伴隨衍生出交通事故 。因此，車輛安 全的主題，逐漸受到汽車製造業、消費者及各國政府的重 視與關注。根據世界衛生組織及美國車輛保險專業公司的 ”周查資料顯示’全球平均每年因交通事故造成死傷人數超 ，600萬人’造成的社會成本支出難以用金錢衡量。此外 若以每10萬人口為計數單位，每年交通事故的死亡人數 為：美國平均15人，曰本n人，台灣則為26人。其 中，55%致死車禍發生於夜晚，而有62%行人致死車禍來 =於仪間駕敬’明顯地，夜間交通事故具有相當高的致死 率二因，上述夜間交通事故，各廠商係以車載夜視裝置輔 助駕駛員視覺，增加夜間行車能見度，進而降低車禍傷亡 事故。 、、如車載夜視裝置中，CCD或CMOS電路架構的影像感 測杰係配合半導體積體電路製程而以矽晶元(silicon wafer) 為基材。石夕材料的能階(band gap energy)為i.i電子伏特 (eV)，因此依據光電轉換理論，對電磁波頻譜小於1.1 μιη 201116771 的光線都會產生響應。另外，鏡獅透鏡係使用光學破璃 為材料，而大部份的光學玻璃在電磁波頻譜小於丨丨 時，仍具#不錯的光線穿透率。因此，只要選擇適當截止 濾鏡(edge filter)頻譜範圍規格，即可利用光學鏡頭和 CCD/CMOS影像感測器以及影像處理電路設計製造出近 紅外波段(0.8 μιη〜1.1 μιη)專用或是可見光(〇 3 〜〇 7 ^ 與近紅核段雙㈣攝影触。雖㈣麵賴影機發展 已相虽成热，但在低妝度的環境下，對於影像的品質與解 析度會有不利的影響，所以必須加震近紅外輔助照明燈源 ^提昇影像解析度。這種科技應祕車輛配備上，能提昇 駕駛在低照度壞境中的行車視野，減少夜間交通事故的發 生。 χ 因為人眼視網膜神經只對可見光波段有響應，於是在 近紅外影像被應用到車輛安全辅助駕駛之前，傳統的車燈 照明都只有以反射光學元件將可見光的燈源投射出去，或 再增加折射光學元件做照明分部/外觀構型的修正。當近 紅外攝影科技開始被引入車輛安全辅助駕駛的範疇之後， 近紅外照明光學系統並未做大幅度改良，僅是利用濾光鏡 將原本寬頻譜（包含可見光與近紅外光)的可見光波段遮蔽 並使近紅外光源穿透。如美國專利us Patem 733169〇 B2、US Patent 7345414 B1，都屬於這類型。 上述的近紅外光源投射發明裝置，並無法同時提供可 見與近紅外光源。於中華民國專利證書字號1293357的發 明中，提出一種能同時放射可見光與近紅外光的發明裝 置。该發明利用在燈泡上做局部濾光塗層，使得燈泡部分 201116771 區域提供可見光、部分區域則提供近紅外光，雖然改良了 可見光與近紅外光可同時照明的問題，但是以這種分享光 源使用的方法，又會造成可見光與近紅外光源的照度皆不 足，或是照度無法依照兩種波段感測器（人眼/攝影機）的照 明響應需求做獨立調整的缺點。 美國專利US Patent 7134775 B2中，利用反射光學元 件將兩種獨立的LED光源：可見光LED光源與近紅外光 led光源投射出去。因為可見光LED光源和近紅外光 LED光源相對於反射光學元件的位置不同，可造成可見 光LED光源和近紅外LED光源投射出去的角度不同。然 =二這兩種不同波段照明的投射角度是被固定的，無法隨 著駕駛用路狀況實際需求隨時做遠光與近光燈投射的位置 調整。 又’上述的缺點，雖然在中華民國專利證書字號 M317958的發明巾，提出車燈遠近燈切換裝置改良的方 去及裝置。然而，其僅限於單一種光源做遠近投射距離切 換，並且因為利用擋板遮蔽部分光線的方式，將會損失原 本可投射的照度。 ' 因此，上述車燈照明設計仍然無法滿足駕駛的實際需 求。 【發明内容】 本發明之-範餘於提供-種湘可見光源、近紅外 光源、反射元件與折射元件組合而成g源共用光學系 201116771 統，其係以可見光與近紅外光照明光源共用之光學系統架 構應用於車輛安全辅助駕駛。 根據本發明之一具體實施例，光源共用光學系統包含 一個可見光源、一組近紅外光源、第一透鏡陣列、第二透 鏡陣列、一個拋物面反射鏡、一個次反射鏡、一個聚焦透 鏡以及一個控制角度調整機構。可見光源係設置於拋物面 反射鏡的焦點位置，因此可見光源所發散之光線藉由拋物 面鏡反射之後形成平行光線。 此外’可見光源設置於拋物面反射鏡與次反射鏡之 間，因此可見光源所發出之朝向次反射鏡方向的光線在反 射之後朝向拋物面鏡方向的半球空間立體角發射，接著再 藉由拋物面鏡反射之後形成平行光線。於拋物面反射鏡的 開口邊緣位置設置第一透鏡陣列，以將拋物面鏡反射的平 行光聚焦。第一透鏡陣列的焦距位置擺放第二個透鏡陣 列’於是第二透鏡陣列可以扮演場鏡(field lens)的功能， 修正離轴(off axis)光束的角度。再配合高斯成像公式以及 投射光源的需求，將聚焦透鏡設置於相對該第一透鏡陣列 以及該第二透鏡陣列之處。因此，可見光源可以依照需 求，被投射在設計的照明位置與照明範圍。近紅外光源 (near infrared light emitted diode，NIRJLED)係設置於第— 透鏡陣列與第二透鏡陣列之間，並且NIRJLED的發光面 朝向第二透鏡陣列，致使NIR_LED的光線穿透第二透鏡 陣列和聚焦透鏡，於是可以依據高斯成像公式以及投射光 源的需求，設計第二透鏡陣列和聚焦透鏡的光學規格，讓 NIRJLED的光源投射到前方照明需求位置。 201116771 於實務中，NIR_LED可以焊在透明壓克力板或玻璃 板上’並以ITO鍍膜做成電路圖案（pattern)，且因為 NIR一LED的體積很小，所以對於可見光的通光口徑面積 遮蔽，不會造成太大的影響。另外，因為NIR_LED的光 線與拋物面反射鏡並沒有關係，所以利用控制角度調整機 構’將拋物面反射鏡的光軸方位(orientati〇n)做改變，只會 影響可見光源藉由拋物面鏡反射後的行進方向，於是可將 可見光源與近紅外光源的投射方向分開。 關於本發明之優點與精神可以藉由以下的發明詳述及 所附圖式得到進一步的暸解。 【實施方式】 本發明係有關於一種利用可見光源、近紅外光源、反 射元件與折射元件組合成的光源共用光學系統。此光源共 用光學系統可於照度不足的天候狀況下，採用可見光照明 光學系統以將可見光源投射到較近處(近光燈），使得車輛 駕駛可以用肉眼辨視前方景物。此外，共用上述的可見光 照明光⑽統的部分光路’可同時將近紅外光源投射到比 可見光源所能照明的更遠距離(遠光燈），使得安裝於車輛 上的近紅外攝影機亦可獲収夠的照明條件，將遠處的影 像利用影像感測器及影像處理電路於車内螢幕上顯示。 請參閱圖一、圖二。圖一係繪示根據本發明之一且體 實施例之光源制光⑽、統丨的示意圖，圖二係繪示根據 本發明之另一具體實施例之車輛2應用圖一之光源共用光 學系統1的示意圖。如圖-所示，光源共用光學系統i由 201116771 笛I見光源11、近紅外光源12、第一透鏡陣列130、 =透鏡_ 132、拋物面反射鏡14、次反射鏡15、聚 …透鏡16以及角度調整機構17所組成。如圖二所示，χ_ ζ平面視圖可稱為車輛2之側視圖，姐平面視圖可 稱為車輛2之鳥關。於實務巾，可見光源u可包含嫣 4燈絲或發光二極體(自光或其他色光)以發出可見光。 於本具體實施例中，可見光源η係設置於拋物面反 2鏡14的焦點位置，因此，由可見光源u發散出之光線 藉由拋物面反射鏡14反射之後，會變成平行光線。此 外，可見光源11係置於拋物面反射鏡14與次反射鏡15 之間，因此，可見光源u朝向次反射鏡15之方向所發出 之光線經由次反射鏡15反射之後均朝向拋物面反射鏡14 的半球空間立體角發射。接著，被反射鏡15所反射之光 線再藉由拋物面反射鏡14反射之後，也會變成平行光 線。 第一透鏡陣列130係設置於拋物面反射鏡μ的開口 邊緣位置，其可將拋物面反射鏡14所反射出的平行光聚 焦。第一個透鏡陣列130的焦距位置可設置第二透鏡陣列 132。於實務中，第二透鏡陣列132可以扮演場鏡(fleld lens)的功能，以修正離軸(0ff axis)光束的角度。聚焦透鏡 16可相對於第一透鏡陣列130以及第二透鏡陣列132而 設置，如圖一所示。於實務中，聚焦透鏡16之位置可根 據高斯成像公式以及投射光源的需求而設置，因此可見光 源11所發出之光線可以依照需求被投射在設計的照明位 置與照明範圍。近紅外光源12係設置於第一透鏡陣列 201116771 130與第二透鏡陣列132之間，並使近紅外光源12的發 光面朝向第二透鏡陣列132，使得近紅外光源12所發^ 之光線可穿透第二透鏡陣列132和聚焦透鏡16。於^務 中，第二透鏡陣列132和聚焦透鏡16的光學規格可根據 高斯成像公式以及投射光源的需求而設定，進而將近紅外 光源12所發出之光源投射到前方照明需求位置。此外， 近紅外光源12可以焊在透明壓克力板或玻璃板上，並以 ITO鍍膜做成電路圖案(pattern)，且因為近紅外光源12的 體積很小，所以其對於可見光的通光口徑面積遮蔽並不會 造成太大的影響。 於本具體實施例中，角度調整機構17可連接抛物面 反射鏡14，用以調整拋物面反射鏡14之偏轉角度。另 外，由於近紅外光源12所發出光線與拋物面反射鏡並 沒有關係，角度調整機構17僅能改變拋物面反射鏡14的 光轴方位(orientation)進而影響可見光藉由拋物面鏡反射後 的行進方向，因此將可見絲與近紅外光_投射方向分 開。 於是’於實務中，本光源共用光學系統於照度不足的 天候狀況下’採料見光照明光料、統，將可見光源投射 ^父近處(近光燈），使得車輛駕駛可以用肉_視前方景 物，並共用上述的光源共用光學系統的部分光路，可 ^近紅外絲投射到比可見絲所_日㈣更遠距離(遠 猫，）’使付安裝於車輛上的近紅外攝影機次模組，亦可 ==照明條件，以將遠處的影像利用影像感測器及 衫像處理電路於車_幕上麻。因此，根據本發明之光 201116771 r:駕=具需^ 光源的照明給近紅外攝影機時： 近、、工外攝影機獲得遠距離處 、 ° (如行人穿物物漫遊/不車駕驶的危險狀況時 统可m^ 桃障4狀況）’光源共用光學系 動控制/電腦自動控^•見光源之光線BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light source sharing optical system, and in particular, to a light source sharing optical system in which a visible light source and a near-infrared light source can simultaneously emit light. [Prior Art] With the degree of industrial progress in the world, the number of vehicles used has increased year by year, and of course, traffic accidents have also arisen. Therefore, the theme of vehicle safety is gradually being valued and paid attention by the automobile manufacturing industry, consumers and governments. According to the World Health Organization and the US vehicle insurance company, the weekly survey data shows that the global average annual number of deaths and injuries caused by traffic accidents is over 6 million people. The social cost is difficult to measure by money. In addition, for every 100,000 people, Counting units, the number of deaths per year in traffic accidents is 15 in the United States, n in Sakamoto, and 26 in Taiwan. Among them, 55% of the car accidents occurred at night, and 62% of pedestrians died in car accidents. Jing's obvious, night traffic accidents have a very high fatality rate. In the above-mentioned night traffic accidents, various manufacturers use the car night vision device to assist the driver's vision, increase the visibility of night driving, and thus reduce the accidents of car accidents. In the night vision device, the image sensing system of the CCD or CMOS circuit architecture cooperates with the semiconductor integrated circuit process and uses a silicon wafer as a substrate. The band gap energy of the stone material is ii electron volts. (eV), therefore, according to the photoelectric conversion theory, it will respond to light with an electromagnetic spectrum less than 1.1 μη 201116771. In addition, the lion lens Optical ray is used as the material, and most of the optical glass still has a good light transmittance when the electromagnetic spectrum is smaller than 丨丨. Therefore, as long as the appropriate edge filter spectrum range specification is selected, The optical lens and CCD/CMOS image sensor and image processing circuit can be used to design the near-infrared band (0.8 μm~1.1 μιη) or visible light (〇3~〇7^ and the near-red core segment double (four) photography touch. Although (4) the development of the camera has become hot, but in the low-profile environment, there will be adverse effects on the quality and resolution of the image, so it is necessary to add near-infrared auxiliary lighting source to improve image resolution. This kind of technology should be equipped with the vehicle to improve the driving vision in the low illumination environment and reduce the occurrence of night traffic accidents. χ Because the human retina nerve responds only to the visible light band, it is applied in the near infrared image. Before the vehicle is safely assisted driving, the traditional illumination of the vehicle is only to use the reflective optical element to project the light source of the visible light, or to increase the refractive optical element. Correction of division/appearance configuration. When NIR photography technology was introduced into the category of vehicle safety assisted driving, the near-infrared illumination optical system has not been greatly improved, only the filter is used to transmit the original wide spectrum (including visible light). It is shielded from the visible light band of near-infrared light and penetrates the near-infrared light source. Such as the US patents us Patem 733169〇B2, US Patent 7345414 B1, all of which belong to this type. The above-mentioned near-infrared light source projects the inventive device and cannot provide visible at the same time. In the invention of the Republic of China Patent Certificate No. 1293357, an invention device capable of simultaneously emitting visible light and near-infrared light is proposed. The invention utilizes a partial filter coating on the bulb such that the portion of the bulb portion 201116771 provides visible light, and a portion of the region provides near-infrared light. Although the problem of simultaneous illumination of visible light and near-infrared light is improved, the use of such a shared light source is improved. The method also causes the illumination of the visible light and the near-infrared light source to be insufficient, or the illumination cannot be independently adjusted according to the illumination response requirements of the two-band sensor (human eye/camera). In U.S. Patent No. 7,134,775 B2, two separate LED sources, a visible LED source and a near-infrared led source, are projected using a reflective optical element. Because the position of the visible light LED source and the near-infrared LED light source are different with respect to the reflective optical element, the visible light LED source and the near-infrared LED light source can be projected at different angles. However, the projection angles of the two different bands of illumination are fixed, and it is impossible to adjust the position of the high beam and low beam projections at any time with the actual demand of the driving road conditions. Further, the above-mentioned shortcomings, although in the invention of the Republic of China Patent Certificate No. M317958, propose an improved device and device for the lamp-to-light switching device. However, it is limited to a single source of light for near and far projection distance switching, and because the baffle is used to shield part of the light, the originally illuminable illumination will be lost. Therefore, the above lighting design still cannot meet the actual needs of driving. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a combination of a visible light source, a near-infrared source, a reflective element, and a refractive element to form a source-sharing optical system 201116771, which is shared by visible light and near-infrared illumination sources. The optical system architecture is used for vehicle safety assisted driving. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a light source sharing optical system includes a visible light source, a set of near-infrared light sources, a first lens array, a second lens array, a parabolic mirror, a secondary mirror, a focusing lens, and a control Angle adjustment mechanism. The visible light source is placed at the focal position of the parabolic mirror, so that the light diverging from the visible light source is reflected by the parabolic mirror to form parallel rays. In addition, the 'visible light source is disposed between the parabolic mirror and the secondary mirror, so the light emitted by the visible light source toward the secondary mirror is emitted at a solid angle of the hemispherical space toward the parabolic mirror after the reflection, and then reflected by the parabolic mirror. Then parallel rays are formed. A first lens array is disposed at an opening edge position of the parabolic mirror to focus the parallel light reflected by the parabolic mirror. The focal length of the first lens array is placed in a second lens array. Thus, the second lens array can function as a field lens to correct the angle of the off-axis beam. In combination with the Gaussian imaging formula and the need for a projection source, a focusing lens is disposed opposite the first lens array and the second lens array. Therefore, the visible light source can be projected onto the designed illumination position and illumination range as needed. A near infrared light emitting diode (NIRJLED) is disposed between the first lens array and the second lens array, and the light emitting surface of the NIRJLED faces the second lens array, so that the light of the NIR_LED penetrates the second lens array and focuses The lens, then the optical specifications of the second lens array and the focusing lens can be designed according to the Gaussian imaging formula and the requirements of the projection light source, so that the light source of the NIRJ LED is projected to the front lighting demand position. 201116771 In practice, NIR_LED can be soldered on a transparent acrylic plate or glass plate' and patterned with ITO coating, and because the NIR-LED is small in size, it shields the visible light aperture area. Will not cause too much impact. In addition, since the light of the NIR_LED has nothing to do with the parabolic mirror, changing the optical axis orientation of the parabolic mirror by using the control angle adjustment mechanism only affects the progress of the visible light source after being reflected by the parabolic mirror. The direction can then separate the visible light source from the near-infrared light source. The advantages and spirit of the present invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of the invention. [Embodiment] The present invention relates to a light source sharing optical system in which a visible light source, a near-infrared light source, a reflective element, and a refractive element are combined. The light source common optical system uses a visible light illumination optical system to project a visible light source closer to the near-light (low beam) in an under-illuminated weather condition, so that the vehicle can visually recognize the front scene with the naked eye. In addition, a part of the optical path 'shared by the visible light illumination light (10) can simultaneously project the near-infrared light source to a farther distance (high beam) than the visible light source, so that the near-infrared camera mounted on the vehicle can also be received. Enough lighting conditions, the remote image is displayed on the in-vehicle screen using image sensors and image processing circuits. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2. 1 is a schematic diagram showing light source (10) and rectification according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a light source sharing optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of 1. As shown in the figure - the light source sharing optical system i is seen by the 201116771 flute I, the near-infrared light source 12, the first lens array 130, the = lens _132, the parabolic mirror 14, the secondary mirror 15, the poly lens 16 and The angle adjustment mechanism 17 is composed of. As shown in Fig. 2, the χ_ ζ plan view may be referred to as a side view of the vehicle 2, and the sister plan view may be referred to as the bird 2 of the vehicle 2. In practical towels, the visible light source u may comprise a 灯 4 filament or a light emitting diode (self-light or other colored light) to emit visible light. In the present embodiment, the visible light source η is disposed at the focal position of the parabolic mirror 2, and therefore, the light emitted by the visible light source u is reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 and becomes parallel light. In addition, the visible light source 11 is disposed between the parabolic mirror 14 and the secondary mirror 15 . Therefore, the light emitted by the visible light source u toward the secondary mirror 15 is reflected by the secondary mirror 15 and then faces the parabolic mirror 14 . Hemispherical space solid angle launch. Then, the light reflected by the mirror 15 is reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 and becomes a parallel light. The first lens array 130 is disposed at an opening edge position of the parabolic mirror μ, which can focus the parallel light reflected by the parabolic mirror 14. The second lens array 132 can be disposed at a focal position of the first lens array 130. In practice, the second lens array 132 can function as a fleld lens to correct the angle of the off-axis (0ff axis) beam. Focusing lens 16 can be disposed relative to first lens array 130 and second lens array 132, as shown in FIG. In practice, the position of the focus lens 16 can be set according to the Gaussian imaging formula and the requirements of the projection source, so that the light from the visible light source 11 can be projected onto the designed illumination position and illumination range as needed. The near-infrared light source 12 is disposed between the first lens array 201116771 130 and the second lens array 132, and causes the light-emitting surface of the near-infrared light source 12 to face the second lens array 132, so that the light emitted by the near-infrared light source 12 can be worn. The second lens array 132 and the focus lens 16 are passed through. In the operation, the optical specifications of the second lens array 132 and the focus lens 16 can be set according to the Gaussian imaging formula and the requirements of the projection light source, thereby projecting the light source emitted by the near-infrared light source 12 to the front illumination demand position. In addition, the near-infrared light source 12 can be soldered on a transparent acrylic plate or a glass plate, and patterned with ITO plating, and because the volume of the near-infrared light source 12 is small, its light-passing aperture for visible light Area shading does not have much impact. In the present embodiment, the angle adjustment mechanism 17 can be coupled to the parabolic mirror 14 for adjusting the deflection angle of the parabolic mirror 14. In addition, since the light emitted by the near-infrared light source 12 is not related to the parabolic mirror, the angle adjusting mechanism 17 can only change the optical axis orientation of the parabolic mirror 14 and affect the traveling direction of the visible light reflected by the parabolic mirror. The visible filament is separated from the near-infrared light_projection direction. Therefore, in practice, the light source shared optical system in the weather conditions of insufficient illumination, 'collecting the light, illuminating the light material, and projecting the visible light source to the vicinity of the father (low beam), so that the vehicle can be driven by meat. The front scene, and sharing part of the light path of the above-mentioned light source sharing optical system, can be near the infrared wire projected to a farther distance than the visible wire (4) (far cat,) 'to make a near-infrared camera sub-mode mounted on the vehicle Group, can also == lighting conditions, in order to use the image sensor and the image processing circuit in the distant image on the car. Therefore, according to the light of the present invention 201116771 r: driving = illumination of the light source to the near-infrared camera: near, outside the camera to obtain a long distance, ° (such as the danger of pedestrians roaming / no driving) Time system can be m^ peach barrier 4 condition) 'light source sharing optical system control / computer automatic control ^ see light source light
將縣可見柄近統㈣狀態改成遠光燈 離’使得駕駛可以在近紅外攝影系統侧到遠距 =有危險狀況時’額以肉眼鑑視遠轉處的道路實際 路況，而做出最有秦車輛駕駛反應動作。上述可見光昭 =近^燈)在行車交會時不會干擾對絲車，同時還能以 近、、工外照明04絲)提供車輛駕驶更多的道路資訊，故能 有效增加預警時間以防止危險狀況發生。 為詳細解釋可見光源的照明原理，以下以幾何光學的 基本物理概念配合圖三Α至圖四c作進一步的說明。請 參閱圖二A，圖三a係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統丄 的邛分示意圖。如圖三A所示，從幾何光學的基本觀念 可知，由可見光源11自拋物面反射鏡14之焦點14〇(焦平 面之中心點)所發射出的光線，可被拋物面反射鏡14反射 並以平行於拋物面反射鏡14之光軸的方向平行發射出 去。另外’請參閱圖三B，圖三B係繪示圖一之光源共用 光學糸統1的部分示意圖。如圖三B所示，由幾何光學 的基本觀念亦可知，可見光源11自拋物面反射鏡14之焦 平面上的離軸位置142所發射出的光線’可被拋物面反射 鏡14反射並與拋物面反射鏡14之光軸交會一個斜向角度 而發射出另一道平行光束。此外，由可見光源Π所發射 [ 11 201116771 出的光線，亦會被次反射鏡15反射，依據光線通過拋物 面反射鏡14之焦平面的位置（中心點或離軸點），就可以 知道光線在拋物面鏡表面反射之後，光線會以平行光軸或 斜向光軸的方向發射出去。 綜上所述，在拋物面反射鏡14之焦平面上之可見光 源11所發出之光線，經過拋物面反射鏡14的反射之後， 會產生兩種發射的情況；和拋物面反射鏡14之光軸方向 相同的平行光束以及拋物面反射鏡14之光軸具有斜向爽 角的平行光束。 請參閱圖四A，圖四A係繪示圖三A之可見光源11 自拋物面反射鏡14之焦點140發射光線的示意圖。如圖 四A所示’可見光源π自拋物面反射鏡14之焦點140 所發射之光線被拋物面反射鏡反射14後，僅需在拋物面 反射鏡14前設置第一透鏡陣列no和聚焦透鏡16，即可 元成系統需求設計而將光線光束投射到某特定距離處做照 明。然而，請參閱圖四B，圖四B係繪示圖三B之可見 光源11自拋物面反射鏡14之焦平面上的離軸位置142發 射出光線的示意圖。如圖四B所示，被抛物面反射鏡14 所反射之光線由於斜向出射，所以會造成部分光線無法落 在聚焦透鏡16的通光口技内’而形成光暈(vignetting)現 象。光暈現象將造成光線使用效率降低以及照度不均勻的 問題。為了改善這種缺點，可再設置第二透鏡陣列132當 作場鏡(field lens)的用途，如圖四c所示。於是，可見光 源11的光線可以被投射到所需的距離。 12 201116771 另外，為詳細解釋近紅外光源的照明原理，以下以幾 何光學的基本物理概念配合圖五作進一步的說明。 請參閲圖五，圖五係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統工 的部分示意圖。如圖五所示，近紅外光源12係設置於在 第一透鏡陣列130與第二透鏡陣列132之間，並且近紅外 光源12的發光面朝向第二透鏡陣列132。近紅外光源 的光路只會穿過第二透鏡陣列132和聚焦透鏡16，因此 • 第二透鏡陣列132與聚焦透鏡16兩者之組合可被視為近 紅外光源12的等效聚焦透鏡。由於近紅外光源12可使用 使用NIRJLED，其體積非常小，並可焊在透明的玻璃板 上，因此近紅外光源12並不會遮蔽可見光源丨丨所發出之 光線。於實務中，近紅外光源12所包含之NIR LED數 目，可以依照發光功率和投射距離照度等需求做安排，而 非限定於本說明書所列舉之具體實施例。 根據本發明之具體實施例，為了能夠將可見光與近紅 • 外光的投射距離和位置分開，因此可利用角度調i機構 17(如圖一所示）’使拋物面反射鏡14可於χζ平面上相對 於拋物面反射鏡14的頂點144做角度旋轉變化’以改變 其光轴與X軸以及Z轴的夾角。請參閱圖六a以及圖六 B ’圖六A以及圖六㈣繪示圖—之光源共用光學系統】 之角度調整機構17調整拋物面反射鏡14之角度的部分示 意圖。如圖六A所示，當角度調整機構17使得拋物面反 射鏡14的光軸與Z轴夾角為〇。時，可見光源u的燈絲 於χζ平面視圖中可當作位於抛物面反射鏡14之焦平面 中心（焦點140)上的點光源，於是這時的可見光源丨丨所發 13 201116771 出之可見光會平行Z軸方向而發射。如圖六b所示，當 角度調整機構Π使得拋物面鏡的光軸與z軸夾角不為零 度時，可見光源11所發出之可見光會以傾斜Z軸方向做 平行光束發射。因此，可見光的投射角度，可以利用一個 角度調整機構使得拋物面反射鏡做角度旋轉而達成。 於實務中，上述光源共用光學系統之抛物面反射鏡可 以橢圓面反射鏡取代，因此，設置於此橢圓面反射鏡之可 見光源所發出之可見光將可聚集至此橢圓面反射鏡之另一 焦點，被反射後的可見光再藉由第一透鏡陣列、第二透鏡 陣列以及聚焦透鏡發射出去。換言之，光源共用光學系統 可以凹面反射鏡反射可見光源所發出之可見光，而不限定 於撤物面反射鏡。Change the state of the county's visible stalk (4) to a high beam. This allows the driver to make the most of the actual road conditions at the far end of the near-infrared camera system to the distance = when there is a dangerous situation. There are Qin vehicles driving reaction action. The above visible light indicates that the vehicle does not interfere with the wire car at the time of the intersection of the car, and can provide more road information for the vehicle with near and outside lighting, so it can effectively increase the warning time to prevent dangerous situations. occur. To explain in detail the principle of illumination of the visible light source, the following is a further description of the basic physical concept of geometric optics in conjunction with Figure 3 to Figure 4c. Please refer to FIG. 2A. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing the division of the light source sharing optical system 图 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, from the basic concept of geometric optics, the light emitted by the visible light source 11 from the focus 14 〇 (the center point of the focal plane) of the parabolic mirror 14 can be reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 and The direction parallel to the optical axis of the parabolic mirror 14 is emitted in parallel. In addition, please refer to FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3B is a partial schematic view showing the light source sharing optical system 1 of FIG. As shown in Fig. 3B, it is also known from the basic concept of geometric optics that the visible light source 11 is emitted from the off-axis position 142 on the focal plane of the parabolic mirror 14 and can be reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 and reflected parabolically. The optical axis of the mirror 14 intersects at an oblique angle to emit another parallel beam. In addition, the light emitted by the visible light source 11 [ 11 201116771 will also be reflected by the secondary mirror 15 , and the light can be known according to the position of the focal plane (center point or off-axis point) of the light passing through the parabolic mirror 14 . After the surface of the parabolic mirror is reflected, the light is emitted in the direction of the parallel optical axis or the oblique optical axis. In summary, the light emitted by the visible light source 11 on the focal plane of the parabolic mirror 14 is reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 to produce two kinds of emission; and the optical axis of the parabolic mirror 14 is the same. The parallel beams and the optical axis of the parabolic mirror 14 have parallel beams of oblique angles. Please refer to FIG. 4A. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the visible light source 11 of FIG. 3A emitting light from the focus 140 of the parabolic mirror 14 . As shown in FIG. 4A, after the light emitted by the focus 140 of the visible light source π self-parabolic mirror 14 is reflected by the parabolic mirror 14, it is only necessary to provide the first lens array no and the focus lens 16 in front of the parabolic mirror 14, ie It can be designed to project the light beam to a certain distance for illumination. However, please refer to FIG. 4B. FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing the light source 11 of FIG. 3B emitting light from the off-axis position 142 on the focal plane of the parabolic mirror 14. As shown in Fig. 4B, the light reflected by the parabolic mirror 14 is obliquely emitted, so that some of the light cannot fall within the light-passing aperture of the focusing lens 16 to form a vignetting phenomenon. Halo phenomena will cause problems in light use efficiency and uneven illumination. In order to improve this disadvantage, the use of the second lens array 132 as a field lens can be further provided, as shown in Fig. 4c. Thus, the light of the visible light source 11 can be projected to a desired distance. 12 201116771 In addition, in order to explain in detail the principle of illumination of the near-infrared source, the following is a further description of the basic physical concept of geometry with Figure 5. Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a partial schematic view of the light source sharing optical system of FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the near-infrared light source 12 is disposed between the first lens array 130 and the second lens array 132, and the light-emitting surface of the near-infrared light source 12 faces the second lens array 132. The optical path of the near-infrared source will only pass through the second lens array 132 and the focus lens 16, so that the combination of both the second lens array 132 and the focus lens 16 can be considered an equivalent focus lens of the near-infrared source 12. Since the NIRJLED can be used with the NIRJLED, its volume is very small and can be soldered to a transparent glass plate, so the near-infrared source 12 does not shield the light from the visible light source. In practice, the number of NIR LEDs included in the near-infrared light source 12 can be arranged according to requirements such as luminous power and projection distance illumination, and is not limited to the specific embodiments listed in the present specification. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to be able to separate the projection distance and position of the visible light from the near-red and external light, the angle adjustment mechanism 17 (shown in FIG. 1) can be used to make the parabolic mirror 14 visible on the pupil plane. An angular rotation change is made with respect to the apex 144 of the parabolic mirror 14 to change the angle between its optical axis and the X and Z axes. Referring to Fig. 6a and Fig. 6B, Fig. 6A and Fig. 6(4) are diagrams showing the angle of the parabolic mirror 14 by the angle adjusting mechanism 17 of the light source sharing optical system. As shown in Fig. 6A, when the angle adjusting mechanism 17 causes the optical axis of the parabolic mirror 14 to be at an angle 〇 to the Z axis. The filament of the visible light source u can be regarded as a point light source located at the center of the focal plane of the parabolic mirror 14 (the focus point 140) in the plane view, so that the visible light source at this time is 13 201116771 and the visible light is parallel Z Launched in the direction of the axis. As shown in Fig. 6b, when the angle adjustment mechanism Π makes the angle of the optical axis of the parabolic mirror and the z-axis not zero, the visible light emitted by the visible light source 11 is emitted as a parallel beam in the oblique Z-axis direction. Therefore, the projection angle of visible light can be achieved by an angular adjustment mechanism that causes the parabolic mirror to rotate angularly. In practice, the parabolic mirror of the light source sharing optical system can be replaced by an elliptical mirror. Therefore, the visible light emitted by the visible light source disposed on the elliptical mirror can be concentrated to another focus of the elliptical mirror. The reflected visible light is then emitted by the first lens array, the second lens array, and the focus lens. In other words, the light source sharing optical system can reflect the visible light emitted by the visible light source by the concave mirror, and is not limited to the evacuation surface mirror.
此外，上述光源共用光學系統之聚焦透鏡亦可以聚焦 反射鏡取代，只要能將光線聚焦至欲照射處即可。換言 之，光源共用光學系統可以聚焦器將可見光或近紅外光& 焦至欲照射處，而不限定於聚焦透鏡。 A 藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚 描士本發明之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具 體實施例來對本發明之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的^ 希望能涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本發明^欲申= 之專利範_範細。因此，本發明所申請之專利範圍二 範疇應該根據上述的說明作最寬廣的解釋，以致使其涵蓋 所有可能的改變以及具相等性的安排。 八叫 201116771 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一係繪示根據本發明之一具體實施例之光源共用光 學系統的示意圖 圖二係繪示根據本發明之另一具體實施例之車輛應用 圖一之光源共用光學系統的示意圖。 圖三A係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統的部分示意 圖。 圖三B係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統的部分示意 圖。 圖四A係繪示圖三a之可見光源自拋物面反射鏡之 焦點發射光線的示意圖。 圖四B係繪示圖三b之可見光源自拋物面反射鏡之 焦平面上的離軸位置發射出光線的示意圖。 圖四C係繪示圖三b之可見光源自拋物面反射鏡之 焦平面上的離軸位置發射出光線通過第一透鏡陣列以及第 —透鏡陣列的示意圖。 圖五係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統的部分示意圖。 圖六A以及圖六B係繪示圖一之光源共用光學系統 之角度調整機構調整拋物面反射鏡之角度的部分示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】In addition, the focusing lens of the above-mentioned light source sharing optical system can also be replaced by a focusing mirror as long as the light can be focused to the place to be illuminated. In other words, the light source sharing optical system can focus the visible or near-infrared light to the intended illumination without being limited to the focus lens. The features of the present invention are not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed above, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the above-described preferred embodiments. On the contrary, its purpose is to cover various changes and equivalences in the invention. Therefore, the scope of the patent scope of the invention should be broadly construed in the light of the above description so that it covers all possible variations and arrangements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a light source sharing optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a light source of a vehicle application according to another embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of a shared optical system. Figure 3A is a partial schematic view showing the light source sharing optical system of Figure 1. Figure 3B is a partial schematic view showing the light source sharing optical system of Figure 1. Figure 4A is a schematic diagram showing the visible light emitted from the parabolic mirror of the visible light of Figure 3a. Fig. 4B is a schematic view showing that the visible light of Fig. 3b is emitted from the off-axis position on the focal plane of the parabolic mirror. Figure 4C is a schematic diagram showing that the visible light of Figure 3b is derived from the off-axis position on the focal plane of the parabolic mirror and emits light through the first lens array and the first lens array. Figure 5 is a partial schematic view showing the light source sharing optical system of Figure 1. 6A and 6B are partial views showing the angle adjustment mechanism of the light source sharing optical system of FIG. 1 for adjusting the angle of the parabolic mirror. [Main component symbol description]
L S 15 201116771 1 :光源共用光學系統 11 ： 12 :近紅外光源 130 132 :第二透鏡陣列 14 ： 15 :次反射鏡 16 ： 17 :角度調整機構 140 142 :離軸位置 144 2 :車輛 可見光源 :第一透鏡陣列 抛物面反射鏡 聚焦透鏡 :焦點 .頂點LS 15 201116771 1 : Light source sharing optical system 11 : 12 : Near-infrared light source 130 132 : Second lens array 14 : 15 : Secondary mirror 16 : 17 : Angle adjustment mechanism 140 142 : Off-axis position 144 2 : Vehicle visible light source: First lens array parabolic mirror focusing lens: focus. apex