SU1379569A1 - Boiler furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention m. used in thermal power plants. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the furnace. A square inset (B) 6 is located in a square vertical combustion chamber (CS) 1, rotated relative to the walls of the CS 7 by 45 ° C with the formation of gap gaps 9. A conical partition is adjacent to the lower end B 6 and to the top of the funnel-shaped hearth 3 COP 1 13 with bypass windows 14 located under the main burners (D) 4. The main air nozzles 5 and additional D 12 are located acc. in the upper and lower halves of the gaps 9, and additional air nozzles 15 are placed on the hearth slopes 3 under G 4. The roof 2 KS 1 adjoins the upper end B 6, and the walls B are made in the form of cooled screens forming the angular slotted channels 11, communicating with gaps 9. The degree of heat treatment of the fuel is regulated by turning G 4 and the amount of air supplied. The rotation of G 4 regulates the degree of contact of particles and heat transfer between them. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. F (L

Description

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The invention relates to the field of fuel combustion and can be used in thermal power plants.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the furnace.

Figure 1 shows the boiler furnace, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - node I in figure 2.

The boiler furnace contains a vertical, shielded square-shaped combustion chamber 1 with roof 2 and a funnel-shaped hearth 3, main burners A placed obliquely upwards in the corners of the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 can be rotated, main air nozzles 5 and a hollow insert 6 located inside the combustion chamber 1 and rotated relative to its walls 7 by 45. With the formation of compartments 8, communicating with the cavity of the insert 6. The corners of the insert 6, located in the middle of the walls 7 of the chamber 1, form with them

ki 6 slotted gaps 9. Walls 10 of the insert 6 are made in the form of cooled screens forming angular slotted channels 11, communicating with slotted gaps 9. In slotted gaps 0 9, main air nozzles 5 and additional burners 12 are placed in the slotted gaps 0 9 in the middle walls of chamber 7. The nozzles 5 are placed in the upper half of the gap 9, and the burner 12 in the lower half.

fuel. The screens of the camera 1 and insert 6 are connected to the collectors 18,

The furnace works as follows.

High-calorie fuel after the dust concentrator (not shown) enters through the rotary burners 4 into the compartments 8 of the combustion chamber 1, where it is raised, dried by flue gases. Low-calorie fuel is fed after the cyclone (not shown) to the additional burners 12 and burns in the cavity of the insert 6 in a vortex flow. The burners 4 and nozzles 15 prevent the removal of large particles from the combustion chamber 1. The fuel particles along with the ash and slag rotate in a vertical vortex in the combustion chamber 1. The particles are first dried and then gasified. The gases are removed by the ejector action of the burners 12 and the nozzles 5 in the insert 6, where they are burned, and the particles of ash and slag are impregnated with volatile alkalis, are agglomerated throughout the entire height and fall

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through the bypass ports 14 to under 3, from which they are removed through the pipe 17 to discharge the slag. The underburning is picked up by air escaping from the nozzle 15, and is thrown into the cavity of the insert 6, where it is burned.

The degree of heat treatment of fuel in the combustion chamber 1 can be controlled by turning the burners 4 and the amount of air supplied through the burner 4. When there is a shortage of air, dust is gasified by the flue gases drawn through the window 14 into the torch root of the burner 4, and with an excess of air - complete combustion of dust. By turning the burners 4 one can achieve different degrees of contact between the ascending and falling particles and the degree of heat exchange between them.

The combustion chamber 1 is additionally equipped with a conical partition 13, adjacent to the lower end of the insert 6 and to the top of the hearth 3 at its junction with the walls 7 of chamber 1. The partition 13 has overflow windows 14 diagonally placed on chamber 1 under the main burners 4. On the slopes of the funnel-shaped hearth 3, additional air nozzles 15 are placed under the main burners 4. The arch 2 of the chamber 1 is adjacent to the upper end of the insert 6, which is connected to the cooling chamber 16.

The burners 4 and nozzles 15 can be made slotted, with a width not less than the width of the bypass windows 14. The axis of the E-channel channels 11 can be located tangentially. Under 3 is provided with a nozzle 17 for the withdrawal of slag. Additional burners 12 are connected to a low-calorie source.

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through the bypass ports 14 to under 3, from which they are removed through the pipe 17 to discharge the slag. The underburning is picked up by air escaping from the nozzle 15, and is thrown into the cavity of the insert 6, where it is burned.

The degree of heat treatment of fuel in the combustion chamber 1 can be controlled by turning the burners 4 and the amount of air supplied through the burner 4. When there is a shortage of air, dust is gasified by the flue gases drawn through the window 14 into the torch root of the burner 4, and with an excess of air - complete combustion of dust. By turning the burners 4 one can achieve different degrees of contact between the ascending and falling particles and the degree of heat exchange between them.

Depending on the feed rate of the air mixture through the burners 4, the amount of dust circulating inside the combustion chamber 1 can be controlled to achieve the most complete gasification, in which the clean gas burns in box 6, which allows for the smallest slagging of convective surfaces.

The proposed device also makes it possible to organize in the combustion chamber 1 a process of fluidizing dust with its high concentration in the compartments.

8 with the possibility of complete gasification in a circulating fluidized bed. The gases are sucked through the gaps.

9 and burned in the torch of the burners 12 and nozzles 5.

Claims (2)

1. A boiler furnace containing a vertical, shielded square-shaped combustion chamber with a vault and a funnel-shaped hearth, main burners placed obliquely upwards in the corners of the lower part of the combustion chamber main air nozzles located in the middle of each wall of the combustion chamber, a hollow square insert located inside the combustion chamber and rotated relative to its walls by 45 ° with the formation of slot gaps between its corners and midpoints of the walls of the combustion chamber and the compartments communicating with the cavity of the insert, as well as Tel'nykh burner and WHO 0 five 0 stuffy nozzles, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, a cone-shaped partition is installed in the combustion chamber, adjacent to the lower end of the insert and to the top of the bottom of the combustion chamber and having overflow windows located under the main burner: the main air nozzles and Additional burners are located respectively in the upper and lower halves of the slit gaps, and additional air nozzles are placed on the matchmakers of the funnel-shaped hearth under the main burners, with the arch of the combustion chamber en adjacent to the upper end of the insert. 2. The furnace POP.1, characterized in that the walls of the hollow insert are made in the form of cooled screens forming angular slotted channels communicating with the gap gaps between the insert and the walls of the combustion chamber. .. Fig.Z