RU2801219C2 - Catalyst component and catalyst for olefin polymerization and its applications - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a catalyst component and a catalyst intended for olefin polymerization, the use of a catalyst and an olefin polymerization method. The catalyst component is characterized in that it includes magnesium, titanium, halogen and an internal electron donor, where the internal electron donor contains a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester, and the molar ratio of monocarboxylic acid ester to diester is (0.0035-0.7):1. The catalyst component is a product obtained by reacting a magnesium source including elemental sulphur with a titanium source and an internal electron donor.

EFFECT: providing a catalyst, using which it is possible to obtain a polymer having a high value of the isotactic index and a high value of the melt flow index.

21 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl, 14 ex

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

This application claims priority over the following patent applications filed October 19, 2018.

1. Chinese patent application CN 201811224580.7 entitled "Catalyst component and catalyst for olefin polymerization and use thereof, and olefin polymerization method";

2. Chinese patent application CN 201811224578.X entitled "Catalyst component and catalyst for olefin polymerization and use thereof, and olefin polymerization method";

3. Chinese patent application CN 201811223634.8 titled "Catalyst component and catalyst for olefin polymerization and use thereof, and olefin polymerization method"; And

4. Chinese patent application CN 201811223600.9 entitled "Catalyst component and catalyst for olefin polymerization and use thereof, and olefin polymerization method".

The entire content of the above patent applications is incorporated into the present invention by reference.

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to the field of petrochemical technology and, in particular, it relates to a component of a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin, to a catalyst containing a catalyst component, and to its use.

State of the art

In the processing of plastics, the melt flow rate is an important indicator used to evaluate the fluidity of a plastic melt, and is also an important factor in the selection of materials and grades for processing plastics. The melt flow rate mainly depends on the molecular weight of the polymer, and the low molecular weight polymer has a high melt flow rate. In order to obtain an olefin polymer having a high melt flow rate, it is generally necessary to add a large amount of hydrogen during polymerization in order to obtain a polymer having a low molecular weight. However, the upper limit value for the amount of hydrogen that can be added is limited by the pressure resistance of the polymerization reactor. The partial pressure of the gaseous olefin to be polymerized must be reduced to add more hydrogen, in which case the productivity is reduced. In addition, the addition of a large amount of hydrogen can lead to the production of polypropylene having a low degree of isotacticity, thus obtaining non-compliant products. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop a catalyst that is highly hydrogen sensitive (i.e., using a small amount of hydrogen can produce a polymer with a high melt flow rate) and highly stereospecific (i.e., under polymerization conditions using a large amount of hydrogen). the polymer may still have a high degree of isotacticity).

US 4,298,718 and US 4,495,338 disclose a Ziegler-Natta catalyst using magnesium halide as a support. The catalyst obtained by reacting the support with titanium tetrachloride has a relatively high catalytic activity when used to catalyze the polymerization of propylene, but the degree of isotacticity of the obtained polypropylene is relatively low. This indicates that the catalyst has low stereospecificity. Later, by adding an electron donor compound (such as ethyl benzoate or phthalate) during the preparation of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst to form a solid titanium-based catalyst, and by adding another electron donor (alkoxysilane) during the polymerization of an olefin in catalyzed propylene polymerization, researchers obtained polypropylene having a relatively high degree of isotacticity. This indicates that the addition of an electron donor compound improves the stereospecificity of the catalyst. The diester internal electron donor is more conducive to improving catalyst stereospecificity than the monoester internal electron donor. However, this type of catalyst does not have sufficient hydrogen sensitivity and can hardly be used to produce high melt index products by direct hydrogen control. In addition, studies have shown that phthalates (plasticizers) can cause severe impairment of growth and development, as well as the reproductive system of animals, and may also have a similar effect on humans.

CN 1580034A, CN 1580035A, CN 1580033A, CN 1436766A and CN 1552740A each disclose the use of a diol ester as an electron donor in a Ziegler-Natta catalyst for the polymerization of propylene. The catalyst is highly active in the polymerization reaction, and the polymerization reaction product has a broad molecular weight distribution. However, if a spherical catalyst containing an internal electron donor, diol carboxylate, is used to polymerize propylene, the catalyst has relatively low stereospecificity and produces polypropylene with a low degree of isotacticity.

Brief summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above disadvantages of existing technologies, the present invention provides a catalyst component for polymerizing an olefin, a catalyst containing a catalyst component, and a process for polymerizing an olefin. The catalyst component has high hydrogen sensitivity and high stereospecificity, and does not contain phthalate (plasticizer).

In the course of research, the inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that if the internal electron donor contains a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester, and if the value of the ratio of the number of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to the number of moles of diester is in a certain range, namely, (0 .0035-0.7):1, the two internal electron donors can work together excellently and improve the hydrogen sensitivity and stereospecificity of the catalyst more effectively. In particular, a catalyst containing a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester at a ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester of (0.0035-0.7):1 has improved stereospecificity to a greater extent than a catalyst which contains only a monocarboxylic acid ester as an internal electron donor, or a catalyst which contains only a diester as an internal electron donor. This means that the two internal electron donors provide a synergistic effect in improving the stereospecificity of the catalyst. At the same time, the sensitivity of the catalyst with respect to hydrogen still remains at a high level.

Based on the foregoing, the first object of the present invention is a component of a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin. The catalyst component contains magnesium, titanium, halogen and an internal electron donor. The internal electron donor contains a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester. The ratio of the number of moles of a monocarboxylic acid ester to the number of moles of a simple diester is (0.0035-0.7):1.

The second object of the present invention is a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin. The catalyst contains:

(1) a catalyst component according to the first aspect of the present invention;

(2) at least one alkyl aluminum compound; And

(3) an optional external electron donor.

A third aspect of the present invention is the use of a catalyst according to the second aspect of the present invention for the polymerization of an olefin.

The fourth object of the present invention is a process for the polymerization of an olefin. The method includes introducing one or more olefins into interaction with the catalyst corresponding to the second object of the present invention, under the conditions for polymerization of the olefin.

Brief description of the drawings

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 is an optical microscope photograph of the spherical support (i.e. magnesium source) for the olefin polymerization catalyst prepared in Production Example 1.

In FIG. 2 is an optical microscope photograph of the spherical support (i.e. magnesium source) for the olefin polymerization catalyst prepared in Preparation Example 4.

Detailed description of embodiments

The first object of the present invention is a component of a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin. The catalyst component contains magnesium, titanium, halogen and an internal electron donor. The internal electron donor contains a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester. The ratio of the number of moles of a monocarboxylic acid ester to the number of moles of a simple diester is (0.0035-0.7):1.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester is (0.004-0.7):1, preferably (0.0045-0.6):1, more preferably (0.005-0.5):1, even more preferably (0.01-0.35):1. According to the most preferred embodiment, the ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester is (0.02-0.25):1. If the ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester is within the above specific range, the two internal electron donors can work together excellently and more effectively improve the hydrogen sensitivity and stereospecificity of the catalyst, and in particular, greatly improve stereospecificity of the catalyst, i.e. significantly improve the degree of isotacticity of the resulting polymer. The ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester can be, for example, 0.0035:1, 0.004:1, 0.0045:1, 0.005:1, 0.008:1, 0.01:1, 0.012:1, 0.015:1, 0.020:1, 0.023:1, 0.03:1, 0.04:1, 0.05:1, 0.06:1, 0.07:1, 0.08:1, 0, 09:1, 0.10:1, 0.11:1, 0.12:1, 0.15:1, 0.18:1, 0.20:1, 0.23:1, 0.24: 1, 0.25:1, 0.28:1, 0.30:1, 0.32:1, 0.34:1, 0.36:1, 0.40:1. 0.42:1, 0.44:1, 0.46:1, 0.48:1, 0.50:1, 0.55:1, 0.60:1, 0.65:1 etc. P.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the diester is a 1,3-diester, preferably a diester of Formula I.

In formula I:

R ₁ ', R ₂ ', R ₃ ', R ₄ '_; R ₅ ' and R ₆ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ - C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ - arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ alkylaryl; or two or more of the following: R ₁ ', R ₂ ', R ₃ ', R ₄ ', R ₅ ' and R ₆ ', are linked to each other to form a ring.

R ₇ ' and R ₈ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ - C ₁₅ -alkylaryl.

According to some preferred embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the diester is a 1,3-diester of Formula II.

In formula II:

R ₉ ,' and R ₁₀ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following : hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ -alkylaryl; or, R ₉ ' and R ₁₀ ' are linked to each other to form a ring; preferably, if R ₉ ' and R ₁₀ ' are linked to each other to form a fluorene ring;

R ₁₁ ' and R ₁₂ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently denote substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl.

In accordance with the present invention, examples of a simple diester may include, but are not limited to: 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane , 2-sec-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclohexyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-phenyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-( 2-cyclohexylethyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-(diphenylmethyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-dicyclohexyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2 ,2-dicyclopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-dipropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-diisopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2 -dibutyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-benzyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane , 2-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-cyclohexyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-bis(2 -cyclohexylethyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-methyl-2-(2-ethylhexyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2.2-diisobutyl-1,3- dimethoxypropane, 2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-dibenzyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2,2-bis(cyclohexylmethyl)-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-isobutyl-2-isopropyl-1 ,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-(1-methylbutyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-phenyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane , 2-phenyl-2-sec-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-benzyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclopentyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclopentyl-2 -sec-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclohexyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclohexyl-2-sec-butyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-isopropyl-2-sec-butyl-1 ,3-dimethoxypropane, 2-cyclohexyl-2-cyclohexylmethyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane and 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene.

Most preferably the diester is 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane and/or 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene.

In the present invention, a simple 1,3-diester can be synthesized according to the procedure described in the disclosures given in CN 1020448 C, CN 100348624 C and CN 1141285 A. The contents disclosed in all these patent applications are incorporated into the present invention by reference. and they will not be described in the present invention.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the monocarboxylic acid ester is selected from among the following: an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid ester. Preferably, the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing 2-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms. Preferably, the aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aromatic monocarboxylic acid containing 7-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms.

In some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing 2-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms.

In some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aromatic monocarboxylic acid containing 7-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester of Formula III.

In formula III:

R ₁ ''-R ₅ '' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, amino, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ - C ₁₀ -alkylaryl; or any two of R ₁ ''-R ₅ '' form an aromatic ring or an aliphatic ring; R ₆ '' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -alkylaryl, preferably, if it is selected from among the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl.

The aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester may in particular be at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: benzoate, o-hydroxybenzoate, o-methoxybenzoate and o-ethoxybenzoate.

In accordance with the present invention, the internal electron donor contains a diester and a monocarboxylic acid ester. A diester and a monocarboxylic acid ester can provide a certain synergistic effect. Preferably, if the total amount of monocarboxylic acid ester and diester is 70-100 wt. %, more preferably 80-100 wt. %, even more preferably 90-100 wt. %, most preferably 100 wt. % in terms of the amount of internal electron donor.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the catalyst component is a reaction product of a magnesium source, a titanium source, and an internal electron donor.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the magnesium source comprises one or more magnesium compounds selected from the group consisting of the following: magnesium dihalide, magnesium alkoxide, alkyl magnesium compound, magnesium dihalide hydrate or alkoxide, and a derivative derived from by replacing the halogen atom contained in the magnesium dihalide with an alkoxy group or a halogenated alkoxy group.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the magnesium source comprises a magnesium compound of Formula IV.

In formula IV:

R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ - cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl.

R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ - C ₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -alkylaryl.

X is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine.

m is 0.1-1.9; n is 0.1-1.9 and m+n=2.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the titanium source includes titanium halide, titanium alkoxyhalide, and titanium alkoxide. More preferably, if the source of titanium includes a compound described by the General formula Ti(OR') _3-a Z _a and/or Ti(OR') _4-b Z _b in which R' denotes C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl; Z is F, Cl, Br or I; a is an integer from 1 to 3; and b is an integer from 1 to 4.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the magnesium source further comprises sulfur. In a magnesium source, the ratio of moles of magnesium to moles of sulfur is q:1, where 0<q≤0.5, preferably if 0.001<q≤0.2. In the course of research, the inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that the addition of sulfur during the production of a carrier (magnesium source) for a catalyst for olefin polymerization can reduce the collision of out-of-shape particles and reduce sticking of the carrier particles, while the obtained carrier particles have a small size, narrow size distribution and good morphology. The support particles thus obtained have good morphology and a smooth surface, and there are practically no non-spherical particles among them. In addition, the carrier particle size may be less than 20 μm and the particle size distribution is narrow.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the source of magnesium is obtained by a process comprising the following steps:

(1) Get a mixture. The mixture contains elemental sulfur, a magnesium halide of the general formula MgX ₁ Y, a compound of the general formula R ₁ OH, an optional inert liquid medium, and an optional surfactant. Preferably, the mixture is prepared by simultaneously or stepwise mixing together elemental sulfur, a magnesium halide having the general formula MgX ₁ Y, a compound having the general formula R ₁ OH, an optional inert liquid medium, and an optional surfactant, and then heating the resulting mixture.

(2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is reacted with ethylene oxide.

In the general formula MgX ₁ Y: X ₁ is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; Y is selected from the group consisting of the following: halogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl .

In the general formula R ₁ OH: R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ - cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl.

Ethylene oxide has the structure represented by formula V.

In formula V:

R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ - cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ - C ₈ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -alkylaryl.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, in the general formula MgX ₁ Y: X ₁ is chlorine or bromine and Y is chlorine, bromine, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy or C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryloxy. Preferably, the magnesium halide having the general formula MgX ₁ Y is at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, phenoxymagnesium chloride, isopropylmagnesium chloride, and n-butoxymagnesium chloride.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, in the general formula R ₁ OH: R ₁ is C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl. Preferably, the compound having the general formula R ₁ OH is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol and n-octanol.

According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, in ethylene oxide having the structure represented by formula V, R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₃ -alkyl, or halogenated C ₁ -C ₃ -alkyl . Preferably, the ethylene oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: ethylene oxide, epoxypropane, epoxybutane, epoxychloropropane, epoxychlorobutane, epoxybromopropane and epoxybromobutane.

According to the present invention, the contents of the above components of the magnesium source contained in the catalyst for olefin polymerization can be selected and changed within a relatively wide range. Preferably, if elemental sulfur is contained in an amount of 0.0001-0.5 moles, a compound having the general formula R ₁ OH is contained in an amount of 4-30 moles, and ethylene oxide is contained in an amount of 1-10 moles per in terms of 1 mol of magnesium halide, which is described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y. More preferably, if the compound described by the general formula R ₁ OH is contained in an amount of 6-20 moles, and ethylene oxide is contained in an amount of 2-6 moles in terms of per 1 mol of magnesium halide, described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y.

In accordance with the present invention in step (1), the conditions for heating a mixture of elemental sulfur, a magnesium halide having the general formula MgX ₁ Y, a compound having the general formula R ₁ OH, and an optional inert liquid medium and/or a surfactant are not restrictions are imposed on the condition that the heating conditions are such that the magnesium halide represented by the general formula MgX ₁ Y melts and reacts with sulfur sufficiently. According to some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, in step (1), heating is carried out at a temperature of 80-120°C for a period of 0.5-5 hours, preferably at a temperature of 80 -100°C, within 0.5-3 hours.

According to the present invention, in step (2), the reaction conditions for reacting the mixture with ethylene oxide can be any existing conditions that can be used to form a support for an olefin polymerization catalyst. In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, in step (2), the conditions for carrying out the reaction of interaction include carrying out the reaction at a temperature of 40-120°C for a period of time equal to 15-60 minutes, preferably carrying out the reaction at a temperature equal to 60-100°C for a period of time equal to 20-50 minutes.

In accordance with the present invention, the method may further include treating the reaction product to separate solids and liquid, and washing and drying the solid phase product obtained after the separation. Separation of solids and liquid can be carried out by any existing technique that separates the solid phase from the liquid phase, such as suction filtration, filter press processing or separation by centrifugation. Preferably, the solid-liquid separation technique is filter press processing. In the context of the present invention, the conditions for carrying out the filter press treatment are not particularly limited, provided that the separation of the solid phase and the liquid phase can be as thorough as possible. Washing can be carried out in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, which can be used to wash the resulting solid phase product. For example, an inert hydrocarbon solvent (such as pentane, hexane, heptane, petroleum ether and gasoline) can be used to wash the resulting solid phase product. In the context of the present invention, the drying conditions are not particularly limited. For example, drying can be carried out at a temperature of 20-70° C. for a period of time equal to 0.5-10 hours. According to the present invention, drying can be carried out at normal pressure or under reduced pressure.

Preferably, if the solid component particles obtained by the above-described solid component production method are washed with an inert hydrocarbon solvent (such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane, toluene, etc.) and dried, and then used in the subsequent step (2) for obtaining a component of the catalyst intended for the polymerization of the olefin.

In the present invention, elemental sulfur may be any subtype of elemental sulfur, including, but not limited to, at least one of the following: α-sulfur, β-sulfur, γ-sulfur, and polymeric sulfur. Elemental sulfur may be anhydrous elemental sulfur or elemental sulfur containing bound water. Elemental sulfur may be commercially available.

In accordance with the present invention, the inert liquid medium can be any liquid medium commonly used in the art that does not chemically react with the reactants and reaction products. In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the inert liquid medium is a silicone oil solvent and/or a hydrocarbon solvent. Preferably, the inert liquid medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: kerosene, paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, white liquid paraffin, methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil, methyl ethyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil, and methyl phenyl silicone.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the inert liquid medium is contained in an amount of 0.8-10 liters, based on 1 mole of magnesium halide, described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrenesulfonate, condensation product naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde, fused alkylphenyl ether sulfate, condensed alkylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, hydroxyalkyl acrylate copolymer, modified polyethyleneimine, 1-dodeca-4-vinylpyridine bromide polymer, polyvinylbenzyltrimethylamine salt, polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, alkylphenyl polyether oxyethylene and polyalkyl methacrylate.

In accordance with some embodiments of the catalyst component of the present invention, the surfactant is present in an amount of 1-20 g, based on 1 mole of magnesium halide, described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y.

The average particle size of the support for the catalyst for polymerizing the olefin of the present invention can be controlled within a wide range of 10-100 µm. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the average particle diameter (D50) of the spherical carrier for the olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention can be adjusted to be less than or equal to 30 µm, preferably less than or equal to 20 µm, and the width index its particle size distribution ((D90-D10)/D50) can be adjusted so that it is less than 1.2, preferably less than or equal to 0.8. In this preferred embodiment, a catalyst made using a spherical support for an olefin polymerization catalyst can be used to produce an olefin polymer having a higher bulk density. In the present invention, the average particle diameter of a spherical carrier for an olefin polymerization catalyst and its particle size distribution can be determined using a particle size analyzer, namely the Master Sizer 2000 Laser (manufactured by Malvern Instruments Ltd).

While the solid component (support for an olefin polymerization catalyst) is a spherical particle, the catalyst component obtained by reacting the support with a titanium compound, a monocarboxylic acid ester, and a diester is also a spherical particle. In addition, due to the smaller particle size of the spherical carrier and the narrow particle size distribution thereof, the resulting catalyst component also has a relatively small particle size and a relatively narrow particle size distribution.

In accordance with the present invention, the spherical support for an olefin polymerization catalyst comprises water, which is derived from trace amounts of water contained in the starting materials used for synthesis and in the reaction media. In accordance with the present invention, trace amounts of water contained in the above reagents can also participate in the reaction to obtain a spherical support for a catalyst intended for the polymerization of an olefin.

In the present invention, the contents of magnesium, titanium, halogen and an internal electron donor in the olefin polymerization catalyst component are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the usual amounts used in the art. Preferably, in the catalyst component, the ratio of the weight of titanium, defined as the weight of the titanium element, to the weight of magnesium, defined as the weight of the magnesium element, to the weight of the halogen, and to the weight of the internal electron donor is 1:(2-15):(8-30 ):(2-15), preferably 1:(3-12):(10-25):(3-13). More preferably, the ratio of the weight of titanium, defined as the weight of the titanium element, to the weight of magnesium, defined as the weight of the magnesium element, and to the weight of the internal electron donor is 1:(4-10):(4-10).

In the present invention, the titanium compound may be a titanium compound commonly used in the art. Preferably, if the titanium compound is a compound described by formula XI and/or formula XII.

In formula XI and in formula XII: X is halogen; R ₂₇ and R ₂₈ are all independently C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl; p is an integer from 1 to 4; and q is an integer from 1 to 3.

More preferably, the titanium compound is one or more selected from the group consisting of titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetraiodide, titanium tributoxychloride, titanium dibutoxydichloride, titanium butoxytrichloride, titanium triethoxychloride, titanium diethoxydichloride, titanium ethoxytrichloride, and titanium trichloride. Most preferably, the titanium compound is titanium tetrachloride.

The process for preparing the olefin polymerization catalyst component of the present invention may include the following steps. A magnesium compound and a titanium compound are reacted. At one or more times before, during and after the reaction of the magnesium compound with the titanium compound, an internal electron donor is added. The internal electron donor contains the above monocarboxylic acid ester and the above diester. In the present invention, the reaction of a magnesium compound with a titanium compound can be carried out according to the method disclosed in prior art publications. For example, the titanium compound can be cooled to a temperature below 0°C (preferably to a temperature in the range from -5 to -25°C), then add the magnesium compound. The resulting mixture is mixed and stirred at this temperature for 10-60 minutes and then heated to the reaction temperature (preferably equal to 60-130°C) and kept at this reaction temperature for 0.5-10 hours. During heating, add a monocarboxylic acid ester; and a diester. The titanium compound is then added and the resulting mixture is processed one or more times. Finally, the treated mixture is repeatedly washed with an inert solvent to obtain a catalyst component. Examples of the inert solvent may include, but are not limited to, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, and toluene.

In a process for preparing an olefin polymerization catalyst component, an internal electron donor component is added at one or more times before, during, and after the magnesium compound is reacted with the titanium compound. The point in time before the reaction of the magnesium compound with the titanium compound means the point in time after the addition of the magnesium compound to the reactor, but before the temperature rises to the reaction temperature.

In one embodiment, in order for the resulting catalyst component to be used for olefin polymerization to produce an olefin polymer having a higher degree of isotacticity, step (2) comprises adding an internal electron donor comprising at least a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester , at one or more time points before, during and after the reaction of the solid component with the titanium compound. An internal electron donor comprising at least a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester may be added simultaneously or may be added in portions at different times. Preferably, an internal electron donor containing at least a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester is added while heating the mixture of the solid component and the titanium compound.

Preferably, after the reaction of the solid component with the titanium compound, the method for producing the catalyst component further comprises: filtering the liquid and recovering the filtered solid, and then treating the recovered solid with a liquid titanium compound (such as titanium tetrachloride) one or more times, preferably from two to four times; and subsequent repeated washing of the obtained solid component of the catalyst with a hydrocarbon solvent. The hydrocarbon solvent may be selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, or alicyclic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane, toluene, and the like.

According to the present invention, in the preparation of the catalyst component, the ratio of moles of magnesium compound to moles of titanium compound and moles of the internal electron donor component is not particularly limited, and the content of each of these components can be varied within a wide range. Preferably, if the ratio of moles of magnesium compound, defined as moles of element magnesium, to moles of titanium compound, defined as moles of titanium element, and to moles of internal electron donor is 1:(5-200):(0, 04-0.6). More preferably, if the ratio of moles of magnesium compound, defined as moles of magnesium element, to moles of titanium compound, defined as moles of titanium element, and to moles of internal electron donor is 1:(10-160):(0 .07-0.5). Most preferably, the ratio of moles of magnesium compound, defined as moles of magnesium element, to moles of titanium compound, defined as moles of titanium element, and to moles of internal electron donor is 1:(15-120):(0 .1-0.4).

In the present invention, examples of linear or branched C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl may include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl , 1-ethylpropyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, n-heptyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl , 5-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, tetrahydrogeranyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl and n-eicosyl.

In the present invention, examples of linear or branched C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl may include, but are not limited to: vinyl, allyl, isopropynyl, 1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3 -butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl , 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-heptenyl, 1-octenyl, phenylvinyl, phenyl-n-butenyl, geranyl, 1-decenyl, 1-tetradecenyl, 1-octadecenyl, 9-octadecenyl, 1-eicozenyl and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecenyl.

In the present invention, examples of C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl may include, but are not limited to: cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-ethylcyclohexyl, 4-n-propylcyclohexyl, 4-n-butylcyclohexyl, cycloundecyl and cyclododecyl.

In the present invention, C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl includes C ₆ -C ₂₀ -phenyl and fused C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ -aryl, and examples may include, but are not limited to: phenyl, naphthyl, methylnaphthyl, ethylnaphthyl, anthryl, methylanthryl, ethylanthryl, phenanthryl, methylphenanthril, ethylphenanthrile, pyrenyl, indenyl, o-tolyl, m-tolyl, p-tolyl, o-ethylphenyl, m-ethylphenyl, p-ethylphenyl and naphthyl.

In the present invention, C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl means an alkyl group containing an aryl substituent containing 7-20 carbon atoms. Examples of C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl may include, but are not limited to: phenylmethyl, phenylethyl, phenyl-n-propyl, phenyl-n-butyl, phenyl-tert-butyl, phenylisopropyl and phenyl-n-pentyl.

In the present invention, C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl means an aryl group containing an aryl substituent containing 7-20 carbon atoms. Examples of substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl may include, but are not limited to, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, n-propylphenyl, n-butylphenyl, t-butylphenyl, isopropylphenyl, and n-pentylphenyl.

In the present invention, examples of the C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy group may include, but are not limited to: methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, sec-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, tert-butoxy group, n-pentoxy group, isopentoxy group, a tert-pentoxy group; and a hexyloxy group.

In the present invention, the C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryloxy group may be, for example, a phenoxy group or a naphthoxy group.

In the present invention, the term "substituted" means that one or more hydrogen atoms associated with the carbon atom of the described group may be substituted with a conventional substituent, which may be alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, amino, hydroxy, and the like, for example C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy, halogen, amino, hydroxy, and the like.

In the present invention, elemental sulfur may be any subtype of elemental sulfur, including, but not limited to, at least one of the following: α-sulfur, β-sulfur, γ-sulfur, and polymeric sulfur. Elemental sulfur may be anhydrous elemental sulfur or elemental sulfur containing bound water. Elemental sulfur may be commercially available.

In the present invention, the halogen is selected from among the following: fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

In the present invention, the C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryloxy group may be, for example, a phenoxy group or a naphthoxy group.

In the present invention, C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl may be, for example, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclopentylethyl, cyclohexyl or cyclohexylmethyl.

The second object of the present invention is a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin. The catalyst contains:

(1) a catalyst component according to the first aspect of the present invention,

(2) at least one alkyl aluminum compound; And

(3) an optional external electron donor.

According to the present invention, the alkyl aluminum compound contained in the above olefin polymerization catalyst may be any alkyl aluminum compound commonly used in the field of olefin polymerization that can be used as a cocatalyst for the olefin polymerization catalyst. Preferably, the alkylaluminum compound is a compound having formula XIII

In formula XIII: R' denotes C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl or halogenated alkyl; X' is halogen, preferably one or more selected from the following: chlorine, bromine and iodine, more preferably if it is chlorine; and n' is an integer from 1 to 3.

More preferably, the alkylaluminum compound is one or more selected from the group consisting of the following: triethylaluminum, tripropropylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, diethylaluminum monohydride, diisobutylaluminum monohydride, diethyl chloride aluminum, aluminum diisobutyl chloride, aluminum ethyl dichloride, Al(n-C ₆ H ₁₃ ) ₃ and Al(n-C ₈ H ₁₇ ) ₃ .

Most preferably the alkylaluminum compound is triethylaluminum and/or triisobutylaluminum.

In accordance with the present invention, the amount of alkylaluminum compound may be an amount conventional in the art. Preferably, the ratio of the moles of aluminum contained in the alkyl aluminum compound to the moles of titanium contained in the catalyst component is 1-2000:1. More preferably, the ratio of the moles of aluminum contained in the alkyl aluminum compound to the moles of titanium contained in the catalyst component is 10-500:1.

In the present invention, the type and amount of the external electron donor contained in the catalyst for olefin polymerization is not particularly limited. Preferably, the ratio of the moles of aluminum contained in the alkyl aluminum compound to the moles of the external electron donor is 1-200:1, more preferably 2.5-100:1.

In accordance with the present invention, the use of an external electron donor in combination with a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester can further increase the isotactic index value of the olefin polymer produced by the process of the present invention. The external electron donor may be any external electron donor commonly used in the art that can achieve the above purpose, and may be, for example, one or more selected from the following: carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, ester carboxylic acid, ketone, ether, alcohol, lactone, organophosphorus compounds and organosilicon compounds. Preferably, the external electron donor is an organosilicon compound of Formula XIV.

In formula XIV: R ₂₉ , R ₃₀ and R ₃₁ are all independently C ₁ -C ₁₈ hydrocarbon and all optionally contain heteroatoms, heteroatoms are one or more selected from the following: F, Cl, Br, N and I; m' and p' are all independently an integer from 0 to 2; q' is an integer from 1 to 3; and the sum of m', p' and q' is 4.

Preferably, R ₂₉ and R ₃₀ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: linear or branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkyl, linear or branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkylene , substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, and all optionally contain heteroatoms, heteroatoms are one or more of the following: F, Cl, Br, N and I; and R ₃₁ is linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, more preferably methyl.

In accordance with the present invention, specific examples of an external electron donor may include, but are not limited to, one or more selected from the group consisting of the following: cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane, diisopropyldimethoxysilane, di-n-butyldimethoxysilane, diisobutyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, methyl tert-butyldimethoxysilane , cyclohexyltrimethoxysilane, tert-butyltrimethoxysilane, tert-hexyltrimethoxysilane, dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, 2-ethylpiperidyl-2-tert-butyldimethoxysilane, (1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propyl)-2-ethylpiperidyldimethoxysilane and 2-propyl)methyldimethoxysilane. These external electron donors can be used singly or in combinations.

More preferably, the external electron donor is cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane and/or dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane.

According to the present invention, in the preparation of an olefin polymerization catalyst, the aluminum alkyl and the optional external electron donor may be mixed and reacted with the olefin polymerization catalyst component, respectively, or the aluminum alkyl and the optional external electron donor may be mixed first and then mixed and react with the catalyst component intended for the polymerization of the olefin.

In accordance with the present invention, if an olefin polymerization catalyst is used for olefin polymerization, the alkyl aluminum component of the olefin polymerization catalyst and an optional external electron donor can be added to the polymerization reactor separately, or they can be first mixed and then added to the polymerization reactor, or they can be added to the polymerization reactor after the olefin has been prepolymerized according to a prepolymerization procedure known in the art.

The third object of the present invention is the use of the above catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is an olefin polymerization process comprising: reacting one or more olefins with the above catalyst under olefin polymerization conditions. The improvement that is proposed in the present invention is the use of a new catalyst component and a new catalyst for polymerizing an olefin, and therefore the specific types of olefin(s) and methods and polymerization reaction conditions can all be the same as those used in existing technologies. An olefin is at least one olefin represented by the formula CH ₂ =CHR, in which R is hydrogen or linear or branched C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl. Specific examples of an olefin having the formula CH ₂ =CHR may include: ethylene, propylene, 1-n-butene, 1-n-pentene, 1-n-hexene, 1-n-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene. Preferably, the olefin having the formula CH ₂ =CHR is ethylene, propylene, 1-n-butene, 1-n-hexene and 4-methyl-1-pentene. More preferably, the olefin having the formula CH ₂ =CHR is propylene.

The olefin polymerization process of the present invention may be homopolymerization of a single olefin or copolymerization of multiple olefins.

In accordance with the present invention, the polymerization reaction of the olefin can be carried out according to the existing method. More specifically, the polymerization reaction is carried out under a protective atmosphere of an inert gas, using a monomer in the liquid phase or an inert solvent containing the polymerizable monomer, or in the gas phase, or by the method of carrying out the polymerization reaction together in the gas and liquid phase. The polymerization reaction can usually be carried out at a temperature of 0-150°C, preferably at a temperature of 60-90°C. The polymerization reaction may be carried out at normal pressure or at a higher pressure, which may be, for example, 0.01-10 MPa, preferably 0.01-6 MPa, more preferably 0.1-4 MPa. In the present invention, pressure means gauge pressure. During the polymerization reaction, hydrogen can be added to the reaction system, which is used as a regulator of polymer molecular weight and polymer melt index. In addition, the types and amounts of inert gas and solvent used in the olefin polymerization reaction are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in the present invention.

By using a diester and a monocarboxylic acid ester as an internal electron donor, the olefin polymerization catalyst component of the present invention can effectively improve the hydrogen sensitivity and stereospecificity of the catalyst.

Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

The present invention is further illustrated using the following embodiments.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described in the present invention are used only to illustrate and clarify, and not to limit the present invention.

In the examples and comparisons below:

1. The average particle size and particle size distribution of the catalyst component and catalyst support for olefin polymerization were determined using a particle size analyzer, namely Masters Sizer 2000 (manufactured by Malvern Instruments Ltd).

2. The apparent morphology of the olefin polymerization catalyst support was examined using an optical microscope, namely Eclipse E200, purchased from Nikon.

3. The polymer melt index was determined according to the method described in ASTM D1238-99.

4. The isotactic index of the polymer was determined by the method of extraction with heptane (extraction with boiling heptane for 6 h). More specifically, 2 g of the dried polymer sample was placed in an extractor and extracted with boiling heptane for 6 hours. The resulting residue was dried to constant weight to obtain a polymer. The ratio of polymer mass (g) to 2 (g) is the isotactic index.

Receiving Example 1

8.0 g (0.08 mol) magnesium chloride, 56 ml (0.96 mol) ethanol, 1 g (0.03 mol) α-sulfur and 1 g PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) used as a surfactant, was added to a 0.6 L reactor, heated to 90°C with stirring and reacted at 90°C for 2 h, then 38 ml (0.48 mol) of epoxychloropropane was added and then the reaction was repeated at 90°C for 0.5 hours Then the resulting mixture was processed on a filter press. The product obtained after processing on a filter press was washed 5 times with hexane. Finally, the resulting product was dried in vacuo to give a spherical carrier Z1 for a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin.

The spherical carrier Z1 for the olefin polymerization catalyst has an average particle diameter (D50) of 15 µm and a particle size distribution width index ((D90-D10)/D50) of 0.6. As shown in FIG. 1, using an optical microscope, it can be seen that the particles of the spherical support Z1 for the catalyst intended for the polymerization of olefin have a relatively regular morphology and smooth surfaces, almost all of them are spherical and the particle size distribution is relatively narrow, and there are practically no non-spherical particles among them. .

According to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance, the components of Z1 include a magnesium-containing compound represented by the structural formula , and sulfur. The ratio of the number of moles of magnesium contained in the magnesium-containing compound to the number of moles of sulfur is 1:0.2.

Receiving Example 2

300 ml White vaseline oil, 8.0 g (0.08 mol) magnesium chloride, 28 ml (0.48 mol) ethanol, 0.3 g (0.009 mol) β-sulfur and 1 g PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) used in as a surfactant, was added to a 0.6 L reactor, heated to 100°C with stirring, and reacted at 100°C for 1 hour, then 12.5 ml (0.16 mol) of epoxychloropropane was added and then again the reaction was carried out at 100°C for 20 min. Then the resulting mixture was processed on a filter press. The product obtained after processing on a filter press was washed 5 times with hexane. Finally, the resulting product was dried in vacuo to give a Z2 spherical support for an olefin polymerization catalyst.

The spherical support Z2 for the olefin polymerization catalyst has an average particle diameter (D50) of 18 µm and a particle size distribution width index ((D90-D10)/D50) of 0.7. As seen with an optical microscope, the Z2 spherical carrier particles for the catalyst for olefin polymerization have a relatively regular morphology and smooth surfaces, almost all of them are spherical, and the particle size distribution is relatively narrow, and there are practically no non-spherical particles among them.

According to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance, the Z2 components include a magnesium-containing compound represented by the structural formula , and sulfur. The ratio of the number of moles of magnesium contained in the magnesium-containing compound to the number of moles of sulfur is 1:0.01.

Receiving Example 3

300 ml White vaseline oil, 8.0 g (0.08 mol) magnesium chloride, 28 ml (0.48 mol) ethanol, 0.2 g (0.006 mol) α-sulfur and 1 g PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) used in as a surfactant, was added to a 0.6 L reactor, heated to 100°C with stirring, and reacted at 100°C for 1 hour, then 12.5 ml (0.16 mol) of epoxychloropropane was added and then again the reaction was carried out at 100°C for 20 min. Then the resulting mixture was processed on a filter press. The product obtained after processing on a filter press was washed 5 times with hexane. Finally, the resulting product was dried in vacuo to give a Z3 spherical support for an olefin polymerization catalyst.

The spherical carrier Z3 for the olefin polymerization catalyst has an average particle diameter (D50) of 20 µm and a particle size distribution width index ((D90-D10)/D50) of 0.8. As seen with an optical microscope, the particles of the Z3 spherical support for the catalyst for olefin polymerization have a relatively regular morphology and smooth surfaces, almost all of them are spherical and the particle size distribution is relatively narrow, and there are practically no non-spherical particles among them.

According to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance, the components of Z3 include a magnesium-containing compound represented by the structural formula , and sulfur. The ratio of the number of moles of magnesium contained in the magnesium-containing compound to the number of moles of sulfur is 1:0.007.

Receiving Example 4

0.08 mole of magnesium chloride, 0.96 mole of ethanol and 1 g of PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) used as a surfactant were added to a 0.6 l reactor, heated to 90°C with stirring, and reacted at 90° C for 2 h, then 38 ml (0.48 mol) of epoxychloropropane was added and then the reaction was repeated at 90° C. for 0.5 h. The resulting mixture was then treated with a filter press. The product obtained after processing on a filter press was washed 5 times with hexane. Finally, the resulting product was dried in vacuo to give a DZ1 support for a catalyst for the polymerization of an olefin.

The olefin polymerization catalyst support DZ1 has an average particle diameter (D50) of 60 µm and a particle size distribution width index ((D90-D10)/D50) of 1.3. The carrier particle morphology obtained using an optical microscope was as shown in FIG. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, non-spherical particles are present among the DZ1 carrier particles for the catalyst for olefin polymerization, and the surfaces of the DZ1 carrier particles are relatively rough.

Example 1

(1) Preparation of a Catalyst Component for Olefin Polymerization

90 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added to a 300 ml glass reaction flask, cooled to -20°C, then 8 g of the above spherical carrier Z1 was added and heated to 110°C. During heating, 2 mmol of ethyl benzoate 7 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane were added. After keeping the resulting mixture at 110°C for 30 min, the liquid was filtered off. The resulting product was washed twice with titanium tetrachloride and washed 5 times with hexane and then dried in vacuo to give a solid Cat-1 catalyst component.

(2) Polymerization of propylene

The liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in a 5 L stainless steel autoclave. In a protective atmosphere of nitrogen, 1 ml of triethylaluminum in hexane (at a concentration of 0.5 mmol/ml), 0.1 ml of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane (CHMMS) in hexane (at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/ml) and 6 mg of the Cat-1 catalyst solid component obtained above. The autoclave was closed, then 6.5 liters of hydrogen (volume under standard conditions) and 2.3 liters of liquid propylene were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 70°C, reacted for 1 hour and then the mixture was cooled, then the pressure was released and the mixture was discharged.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 2

(1) Preparation of a Catalyst Component for Olefin Polymerization

90 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added to a 300 ml glass reaction flask, cooled to -20°C, then 8 g of the solid component Z2 obtained above was added and heated at 110°C. During heating, 2 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 9 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane were added. After keeping the resulting mixture at 110°C for 30 min, the liquid was filtered off. The resulting product was washed twice with titanium tetrachloride and washed 5 times with hexane and then dried in vacuo to give a solid Cat-2 catalyst component.

(2) Polymerization of propylene

The liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in a 5 L stainless steel autoclave. In a protective atmosphere of nitrogen, 1 ml of triethylaluminum in hexane (at a concentration of 0.5 mmol/ml), 0.1 ml of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane (CHMMS) in hexane (at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/ml) and 6 mg of the Cat-2 catalyst solid component obtained above. The autoclave was closed, then 6.5 liters of hydrogen (volume under standard conditions) and 2.3 liters of liquid propylene were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 70°C, reacted for 1 hour and then the mixture was cooled, then the pressure was released and the mixture was discharged.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 3

(1) Preparation of a Catalyst Component for Olefin Polymerization

90 ml of titanium tetrachloride was added to a 300 ml glass reaction flask, cooled to -20°C, then 8 g of the solid component Z3 obtained above was added and heated at 110°C. During heating, 0.5 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 7 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane were added. After keeping the resulting mixture at 110°C for 30 min, the liquid was filtered off. The resulting product was washed twice with titanium tetrachloride and washed 5 times with hexane and then dried in vacuo to give a solid Cat-3 catalyst component.

(2) Polymerization of propylene

The liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in a 5 L stainless steel autoclave. In a protective atmosphere of nitrogen, 1 ml of triethylaluminum in hexane (at a concentration of 0.5 mmol/ml), 0.1 ml of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane (CHMMS) in hexane (at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/ml) and 6 mg of the Cat-3 solid catalyst component obtained above. The autoclave was closed, then 6.5 liters of hydrogen (volume under standard conditions) and 2.3 liters of liquid propylene were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 70°C, reacted for 1 hour and then the mixture was cooled, then the pressure was released and the mixture was discharged.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 4

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the amounts of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane added during heating were 5 .6 mmol and 8 mmol, respectively. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-4.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 5

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 1.1 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 7.3 mmol of 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene were added during heating, rather than o-methoxybenzoate; and 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-5.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 6

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 2.8 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 8 mmol of 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene were added during heating. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-6.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 7

A catalyst component was prepared and liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 0.8 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate 8 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3 was added during heating -dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-7.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 8

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 5 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 7 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3- dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-8.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 9

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 2.5 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 8.5 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl- 1,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-9.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 10

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 3 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 8 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3- dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-10.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 11

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 2.3 mmol of ethyl o-hydroxybenzoate and 8.7 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1 were added during heating. ,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-11.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 12

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 4 mmol of ethyl benzoate and 7 mmol of 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene were added during heating. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-12.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 13

(1) Preparation of the catalyst component

90 ml (820 mmol) of titanium tetrachloride was added to a 300 ml glass reaction flask and cooled to -20°C, then 37 mmol (in terms of magnesium element) of the magnesium halide carrier was added (obtained in accordance with the procedure disclosed in example 1 given in CN 1330086 A) and then heated to 110°C. During heating, 2.5 mmol of ethyl o-ethoxybenzoate and 7.1 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane were added. After keeping the resulting mixture at 110°C for 30 min, the liquid was filtered off. The resulting product was washed twice with titanium tetrachloride and washed 5 times with hexane and then dried in vacuo to give a solid Cat-13 catalyst component for olefin polymerization.

(2) Liquid phase polymerization of propylene in bulk

The liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene was carried out in a 5 L stainless steel autoclave. In a protective atmosphere of nitrogen, 1 ml of triethylaluminum in hexane (at a concentration of 0.5 mmol/ml), 0.1 ml of cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane (CHMMS) in hexane (at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/ml) and 8 mg of the Cat-13 olefin polymerization catalyst component obtained above. The autoclave was closed, then 6.5 liters of hydrogen (volume under standard conditions) and 2.3 liters of liquid propylene were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 70°C, reacted for 1 hour and then the mixture was cooled, then the pressure was released and the mixture was discharged.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Example 14

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 13, except that 1.5 mmol of ethyl o-ethoxybenzoate and 10 mmol of 2- isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Cat-14.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 1

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 9 mmol of 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3- was used as the internal electron donor added during heating. dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-1.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 2

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 9 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate was used as the internal electron donor added during heating. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-2.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 3

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 9 mmol of ethyl benzoate was used as the internal electron donor added during heating. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-3.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 4

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 13, except that 0.3 mmol of ethyl o-ethoxybenzoate and 8.5 mmol of 9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-4.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 5

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 7 mmol of ethyl o-methoxybenzoate and 9 mmol of 2-isopropyl- 2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-5.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

Comparative Example 6

The preparation of the catalyst component and the liquid phase bulk polymerization of propylene were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 5 mmol of ethyl o-ethoxybenzoate and 5 mmol of 2-isopropyl- 2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane. The resulting olefin polymerization catalyst component was Com-Cat-6.

The resulting propylene homopolymer was dried and then weighed and analyzed. The results are presented in table 1.

In Table 1: "ether" means "2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane"; "fluorenyl ether" means "9,9-dimethoxymethylfluorene"; the contents of internal electron donors A and B in the catalyst component were determined using a gas chromatograph (Thermoelectric Trace GC Ultra).

As can be seen from the results obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 1, using the catalyst component of the present invention in which the internal electron donor contains both a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester, especially if the ratio of the amounts moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester is (0.0035-0.7):1, preferably (0.0040-0.7):1, more preferably (0.0045-0.6):1, still more preferably (0.005-0.5):1, even more preferably (0.01-0.35):1, the resulting polypropylene has a significantly improved isotactic index value as well as a high melt index value. In other words, the catalyst of the present invention can be used to produce a polymer having both a high isotactic index and a high melt flow index.

The phthalate-free (plasticizer) catalyst of the present invention has the characteristics of high stereospecificity and high hydrogen sensitivity.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. If necessary, the present invention can be changed within the scope of the claims, and the present invention can be modified without deviating from the scope and essence of the present invention. Although the described invention relates to specific methods, materials and embodiments, this does not mean that the present invention is limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the present invention. On the contrary, the present invention can be supplemented with other methods and applications that have the same functions.

Claims (54)

1. An olefin polymerization catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium, halogen and an internal electron donor, where the internal electron donor contains a monocarboxylic acid ester and a diester, the ratio of the number of moles of the monocarboxylic acid ester to the number of moles of the diester is (0.0035- 0.7):1, and the catalyst component is a product obtained by reacting a magnesium source including sulfur with a titanium source and an internal electron donor. 2. The catalyst component of claim 1, wherein the ratio of moles of monocarboxylic acid ester to moles of diester is (0.0040-0.7):1, preferably (0.0045-0.6):1, more preferably (0.005-0.5):1, even more preferably (0.01-0.35):1, most preferably (0.02-0.25):1. 3. Catalyst component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diester is a 1,3-diester, preferably a diester having formula I: where in formula I: R ₁ ', R ₂ ', R ₃ ', 5 ₄ ', R5' and R ₆ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -alkylaryl; or two or more of the following: R ₁ ', R ₂ ', R ₃ ', R ₄ '; R ₅ ' and linked to each other to form a ring; R ₇ ' and R ₈ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ - C ₁₅ -alkylaryl; and the monocarboxylic acid ester is selected from among the following: an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid ester; preferably, if the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing 2-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms; preferably, if the aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aromatic monocarboxylic acid containing 7-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms. 4. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which a simple diester is a simple 1,3-diester, described by formula II: where in formula II: R ₉ ' and R ₁₀ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ - C ₁₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₈ -alkylaryl, preferably if they are selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ - arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryl; or, R ₉ ' and R ₁₀ ' are linked to each other to form a ring; preferably, if R ₉ ' and R ₁₀ ' are linked to each other to form a fluorene ring; And R ₁₁ ' and R ₁₂ ' are the same or different from each other, all independently denote substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl. 5. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, in which the ester of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is a monoester formed from an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing 2-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 atoms carbon; and an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is a monoester formed from an aromatic monocarboxylic acid containing 7-10 carbon atoms and an aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohol containing 1-15 carbon atoms, or an aromatic alcohol containing 6-15 carbon atoms. 6. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, in which the aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester is an aromatic monocarboxylic acid ester, described by the formula III: where in formula III: R ₁ ''-R ₅ '' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, amino, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ - C ₁₀ -alkylaryl; or any two of R ₁ ''-R ₅ '' form an aromatic ring or an aliphatic ring; R ₆ '' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ -alkylaryl, preferably if it is selected from among the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl. 7. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, wherein the magnesium source comprises one or more magnesium compounds selected from the group consisting of the following: magnesium dihalide, magnesium alkoxide, magnesium alkyl compound, magnesium dihalide hydrate or alkoxide, and a derivative obtained by replacing a halogen atom contained in magnesium dihalide , an alkoxy group or a halogenated alkoxy group. 8. The catalyst component of claim 7, wherein the magnesium source comprises a magnesium compound represented by formula IV: where in formula IV: R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₁ ''' is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ - cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are the same or different from each other, all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C _1- C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ - C ₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₂ ''' and R ₃ ''' are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl , substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₈ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ alkylaryl; X is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; m is 0.1-1.9; n is 0.1-1.9 and m+n=2; preferably, if the titanium source includes titanium halide, titanium alkoxyhalide and titanium alkoxide; more preferably, if the source of titanium includes a compound described by the General formula Ti(OR') _3-a Z _a and/or Ti(OR') _4-b Z _b in which R' denotes C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl; Z is F, C1, Br or I; a is an integer from 1 to 3; and b is an integer from 1 to 4. 9. A catalyst component according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the magnesium source, the ratio of moles of magnesium to moles of sulfur is q:1, where 0<q≤0.5, preferably if 0.001<q≤0.2. 10. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 7-9, in which the source of magnesium is obtained by a method including the following steps: (1) obtaining a mixture, where the mixture contains elemental sulfur, a magnesium halide, described by the General formula MgX ₁ Y, a compound described by the General formula R ₁ OH, an optional inert liquid medium and an optional surfactant; preferably, if the mixture is obtained by simultaneously or stepwise mixing together elemental sulfur, magnesium halide, which is described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y, a compound described by the general formula R ₁ OH, an optional inert liquid medium and an optional surfactant and then heating the resulting mixture; And (2) introducing the mixture obtained in step (1) into a reaction with ethylene oxide; where in the General formula MgX ₁ Y: X ₁ denotes halogen and preferably denotes chlorine or bromine; Y is selected from the group consisting of the following: halogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl ; in the general formula R ₁ OH: R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ - cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryl; more preferably R ₁ is selected from a group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ - aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; ethylene oxide has a structure represented by formula V: where in the formula V: R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₁₀ -Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₂₀ -alkylaryl; preferably, if R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₈ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ - C ₈ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ arylalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl; more preferably, if R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently selected from the group consisting of the following: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted linear C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted branched C ₃ -C ₆ -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₈ -aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -arylalkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C ₇ -C ₉ -alkylaryl. 11. The catalyst component according to claim 10, in which elemental sulfur is contained in an amount of 0.0001-0.5 mol, a compound described by the general formula R _j OH is contained in an amount of 4-30 mol, and ethylene oxide is contained in an amount of 1-10 mol in terms of 1 mol of magnesium halide, described by the General formula MgX ₁ Y; preferably, if the compound described by the general formula R ₁ OH is contained in an amount of 6-20 mol, and ethylene oxide is contained in an amount of 2-6 mol in terms of 1 mol of magnesium halide described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y. 12. The catalyst component according to claim 10 or 11, where in step (1) heating is carried out at a temperature equal to 80-120°C for a period of time equal to 0.5-5 hours, preferably at a temperature equal to 80-100 °С, within 0.5-3 h; And in step (2), the interaction reaction is carried out under conditions including carrying out the reaction at a temperature of 40-120°C for a period of time equal to 15-60 minutes, preferably at a temperature of 60-100°C for a period of time , equal to 20-50 min. 13. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 10-12, wherein the inert liquid medium is a silicone oil solvent and/or a hydrocarbon solvent; preferably, if the inert liquid medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following kerosene, paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, white liquid paraffin, methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil, methyl ethyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil and methyl phenyl silicone oil; and/or the inert liquid medium is contained in an amount of 0.8-10 l in terms of 1 mol of magnesium halide, described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y. 14. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 10-13, in which the surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrenesulfonate, condensation product of naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde, condensed simple sulfate alkylphenyl ether, alkylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether condensed phosphate, polyethyleneimine-modified oxyalkyl acrylate copolymer, 1-dodeca-4-vinylpyridine bromide polymer, polyvinylbenzyltrimethylamine salt, polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, alkylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and polyalkyl methacrylate; and/or the surfactant is contained in an amount of 1-20 per mol of magnesium halide, which is described by the general formula MgX ₁ Y. 15. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 10-14, in which in the general formula MgX ₁ Y: X ₁ denotes chlorine or bromine and Y denotes chlorine, bromine, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy or C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryloxy; preferably, if the magnesium halide, described by the General formula MgX ₁ Y, is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, phenoxymagnesium chloride, isopropylmagnesium chloride and n-butoxymagnesium chloride; and/or in the general formula R ₁ OH: R ₁ denotes C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl; preferably, if the compound described by the general formula R ₁ OH is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol and n-octanol; and/or in ethylene oxide having the structure represented by formula V, R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ are all independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, or halogenated C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl; preferably, if the ethylene oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following: ethylene oxide, epoxypropane, epoxybutane, epoxychloropropane, epoxychlorobutane, epoxybromopropane and epoxybromobutane. 16. The catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-15, where in the catalyst component the ratio of the mass of titanium, defined as the mass of the titanium element, to the mass of magnesium, defined as the mass of the magnesium element, to the mass of the halogen and to the mass of the internal electron donor is 1:2-15:8-30: 2-15, preferably 1:3-12:10-25:3-13. 17. Catalyst for olefin polymerization, containing: (1) a catalyst component according to any one of paragraphs. 1-16; (2) at least one alkyl aluminum compound; And (3) an optional external electron donor. 18. The use of a catalyst according to claim 17 for the polymerization of an olefin. 19. Use according to claim 18, wherein the olefin comprises at least one olefin represented by the formula CH ₂ =CHR, R is hydrogen or linear or branched C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl. 20. A process for polymerizing an olefin, comprising reacting an olefin with a catalyst according to claim 17 under conditions for carrying out polymerization of the olefin. 21. The process of claim 20, wherein the olefin comprises at least one olefin represented by the formula CH ₂ =CHR, R is hydrogen or linear or branched C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl.