RU148701U1 - BOTTOM PELAGIC BIOSTATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Bottom-pelagic biostation, containing massive bottom modules and pelagic parts, characterized in that the pelagic parts are made in the form of four nylon cables, the lower parts of which are attached to the bottom elements, and the upper parts to floating surfacings equipped with holes for threading the cables. 2 . Bottom-pelagic biostation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pelagic parts are made of scraps of nylon cables with polypropylene fibers and plastic clips fixed to the cables themselves at distances from each other so that the cable trim assembly is located above the cable assembly of the pelagic part and the clamp is between the cable nodes. 3. The biostation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its bottom is made in the form of a three-level pyramidal structure: the bottom of nine concrete bases, the middle of four modules, and the top of one module.

Description

The utility model relates to the protection of the aquatic environment, namely: increasing the potential for self-purification of the sea, ensuring the reproduction of the feeding of marine organisms, monitoring the aquatic environment according to indicators of development of the indicator community.

Similar constructions (models) are known - artificial reefs and modules to reduce the negative impact of environmental pollution on marine ecosystems and increase the number of breeding sites for marine organisms, made in the form of breakwaters [1]. The main significant drawback of such reef structures is the limited ability to use them solely to protect coastlines and other technical functions.

Also known are reef structures made in the form of collectors with polypropylene fibers, gravity anchors, floats [2, 3]. Their main disadvantages are:

- the connection of the collector with the gravitational anchor by means of a metal lock in a marine environment, due to metal corrosion, has low durability (not more than 1 year);

- insufficient stock of buoyancy of the pelagic part does not ensure its stable position in the water column due to the weighting of the structure as a result of fouling.

Also known is a reef module made of two elements: a bottom module made of reinforced concrete and a pelagic module in the form of polypropylene cables [4].

The main significant disadvantage of this analogue is low storm resistance and, accordingly, vitality due to the low weight of the bottom part and the short-lived method of fastening the pelagic part. Also, when the pelagic part is disconnected and transported to the surface for further research, significant losses of representatives of fouling communities occur.

Closest to the claimed utility model in technical essence and design is an artificial reef made in the form of tetrahedral truncated pyramids of a frame structure and base modules [5].

The main significant drawback of the above analogue, selected as a prototype, is: limited functionality in the self-cleaning of the aquatic environment, in the provision of ecological capacity in the form of biotopes, in the insufficient development of the indicator community, for monitoring observations.

The main task of the utility model to be solved is to increase the ecological capacity by expanding the range of biotopes, which enhances the purification potential of the aquatic environment, increases the feed base and the protection of community representatives from the negative impact of this environment, as well as increases the resistance to wave dynamics by increasing the hydrodynamic transparency of the structure.

The solution to the above problem is achieved through the implementation of the pelagic parts in the form of four nylon cables, the lower parts of which are attached to the bottom elements, and the upper parts to floating surfacings equipped with holes for threading the cables. In addition, the problem is solved in a utility model by performing pelagic parts from scraps of kapron cables with polypropylene “fibers” and plastic clamps fixed on the cables themselves at a distance from each other so that the cable cutting unit is located above the cable unit of the pelagic part, and The clamp is located between the cable nodes. In this case, the bottom of the station is made in the form of a three-level pyramidal structure: the bottom - of nine concrete bases, the middle - of four modules, and the upper - of one module.

Neither from the documentation, nor from the scientific and technical literature of this technical field, to which the claimed utility model relates, is unknown about a device of the same purpose, having identical essential features.

From the experience of operating bottom-pelagic biological stations, it is also not known about a device with identical signs. Hence the conclusion that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty" is legitimate.

The above set of essential features, and each of the essential features is sufficient for this combination is necessary to solve the problem with obtaining a technical result. Between the above set of essential features and the resulting technical result, there is a necessary causal relationship. The combination of essential features is the reason for obtaining a technical result.

The claimed utility model can be repeatedly implemented in practice using the above set of essential features, which meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The current experimental model of the bottom pelagic biostation was made directly at the Caspian branch of the Institute of Oceanology named after P.P. Shirshova RAS and tested during relevant work in the Caspian Sea.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the bottom-pelagic biostation;

in FIG. 2 - shows a piece of nylon cable with polypropylene fibers (in longitudinal section);

in FIG. 3 - floating surfacing is shown;

in FIG. 4 - shows a plastic clamp;

in FIG. 5 - shows a perspective view of the bottom-pelagic biostation.

Compared with the prototype, the design of the inventive bottom pelagic biostation requires less effort during installation, maintenance and repair, it is durable and stable, the environmental safety of the materials used, the versatility of the installation options for elements, the ability to create a large number of modifications, which allows you to quickly adapt the bottom pelagic biostation to changing water regimes and changes in economic purposes.

In the manufacture of the bottom of the bottom-pelagic biological station, five frame modules and nine artificial reef bases made of reinforced concrete were used, similar to the modules and bases - patent for invention No. 2314386, IPC E02B 3/06, published. 2006. The bottom part is a pyramidal structure, consisting of three levels: the lower - from nine bases, the middle - from four modules and the upper - from one module.

Pelagic parts are made in the form of four nylon cables 1 (Fig. 1, 5) with polypropylene fibers (Fig. 2). The lower parts of the cables are attached to the bottom elements of the biostation 6 (Fig. 1, 5), and the upper parts are attached to the floating surfacing 5 (Fig. 1, 3, 5), equipped with holes for threading the cables.

In addition, in the biostation, the pelagic parts are made in the form of scraps of nylon cables 2 (Fig. 2), mounted on the cables with plastic clamps 4 (Figs. 1, 4) at certain distances from each other so that the cable trim assembly 3 (Fig. 2) located above the cable node of the pelagic part, and the clamp was between the cable nodes.

Bottom-pelagic biostation works as follows. The biostation is installed on the bottom surface in the depth range of 10-30 m. The process of formation of the biological community of organisms at the biostation is distributed in the following order. On the bottom element of the bottom-pelagic biological station and on the pelagic element, a community of animal organisms is formed - fouling. On the pelagic element - nylon cables and polypropylene fibers, a community of plant fouling is formed mainly, creating an additional biological complex at biological stations.

Indicators of the biological diversity of communities of marine organisms serve as material for assessing the state of the marine biological environment.

The advantages of the proposed utility model over the well-known models of artificial reefs and modules are as follows:

- increase in the pelagic module the number of positive planes favorable for fouling with macrophytes, mollusks and other aquatic organisms of the pelagic;

- an increase in the bottom module of the number of positive planes favorable for fouling by macrophytes, mollusks and other benthic organisms, which are biological filtering media for pollution of the aquatic environment;

- an increase in ecological capacity due to the expansion of the range of biotopes, which enhances the potential for cleaning the aquatic environment, increases the feed base and the protection of community representatives from the negative impact of this environment;

- Strengthening the stability of the structure on the bottom surface in conditions of lithium dynamics;

- when disconnecting the pelagic part and transporting it to the surface for further research, losses of representatives of fouling communities are minimized.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Electronic resource: Website www.reefboll.org.

2. Sokolsky A.F., Popova N.V., Kolmykov E.V., Kurapov A.A. Bioecological foundations and practical results of developing a system for protecting the biological diversity of the Caspian Sea from pollution. Astrakhan. 2005.S. 26-36.

3. Afanasyev D.V., Korpakova I.G., Barabashin T.O., et al. Ecosystem of the Sea of Azov: periphyton of artificial substrates. Rosto-on-Don. 2009. from. 12-18.

4. Patent for utility model No. 93773, IPC B63B 35/32, published. 2010 year

5. Patent for invention No. 2314386, IPC E02B 3/06, published. 2006 year

Claims (3)

1. Bottom-pelagic biostation, containing massive bottom modules and pelagic parts, characterized in that the pelagic parts are made in the form of four nylon cables, the lower parts of which are attached to the bottom elements, and the upper parts to floating surfacings equipped with holes for threading the cables. 2. Bottom-pelagic biostation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pelagic parts are made of scraps of nylon cables with polypropylene fibers and plastic clips fixed to the cables themselves at distances from each other so that the cable trim assembly is located above the cable assembly pelagic part, and the clamp is located between the nodes of the cables. 3. The biostation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its bottom is made in the form of a three-level pyramidal structure: the bottom of nine concrete bases, the middle of four modules, and the top of one module.

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