JPS5864470A - Compression type refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a 1i-compression type refrigeration system that can improve the coefficient of performance of a compression type refrigeration system and can perform capacity control relatively easily.

Compression refrigeration equipment that uses condensable gas refrigerants such as fluorocarbon refrigerants as a heat medium has not been completely solved in principle, and even though there are no basic technical problems in practical use, there is a feeling that all improvements have been made. However, we have reached the point where we cannot hope for any dramatic improvement from the current situation in terms of capacity, efficiency, etc.

What is common to this type of refrigeration equipment is that it is extremely common to use an unloading mechanism to control the capacity or to control the motor rotation speed. There is a problem that it becomes a complicated device and leads to high cost.
In addition, it has been pointed out that it is currently impossible to improve the coefficient of performance other than through mechanical improvements due to the lack of progress in the development of new refrigerants.
The reality is that we are complacent with the current situation, with no improvement measures in sight.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention was developed as a result of intensive studies to develop a new type of refrigeration system that is different from conventional compression type refrigeration systems. It is now our turn to provide a refrigeration system that can be used relatively easily, and in particular, a solution obtained by reacting an absorbent with refrigerant vapor is heated by introducing low-temperature heat into the vessel to cool the solution. A generator that generates refrigerant vapor from the air, a compressor that compresses and boosts the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor, and a reactor that reacts the compressed and boosted high-pressure refrigerant vapor with the concentrated solution returned from the generator to form a concentrated solution. An absorber that absorbs the high-pressure refrigerant vapor and extracts the reaction heat generated by this absorption to the outside, and a throttle valve or a pump is provided to send a dilute solution from the absorber to the generator. A dilute solution circuit having a dilute solution circuit, a concentrated solution circuit having a pump interposed therein for sending the concentrated solution from the generator to the absorber, and a circuit capable of heat exchange between the dilute solution and the concentrated solution in connection with both of the solution circuits. It is characterized in that the heat of evaporation in the generator can be used as a cold heat source, and the absorption reaction heat in the absorber can be used as a heat source.

In addition to the configuration described in IjII, a second invention of the present invention provides a condensing coil that can flow the low-temperature concentrated solution before it flows into the heat exchanger in the concentrated solution circuit when necessary, and a heat exchanger in the dilute solution circuit. A refrigerant that connects the discharge port of the compressor and the inlet of the absorber to a solution concentration regulator, which has an evaporating coil provided in the container for heat exchange, through which the high-temperature dilute solution before entering the exchanger can be circulated when necessary. The present invention is characterized in that by providing a structure in which the steam pipe is interposed, the concentration of the solution in the system can be adjusted, and the capacity of the refrigeration device can be adjusted as needed.

Hereinafter, specific contents of the present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention (d circuit diagram), which includes a generator (1) having a solution spraying nozzle (7), a heat exchange coil (8) built in in an upper and lower arrangement; Generator (1
) gas phase section (a compressor (2) whose suction port is connected to the outlet opening facing this through a low-pressure refrigerant flame pipe (9), an old solution dispersion nozzle), and a heat exchange coil (12) above and below. A high-pressure refrigerant vapor pipe (aO) is connected to an inlet that is built-in and opens facing the gas phase, and an absorber (3) and a throttle valve (13) are connected to the discharge port of the compressor (21). ) in the middle, and a dilute solution circuit ( 4) A pump (14) is installed in the middle, and the outlet provided in the generator (1) facing the liquid phase portion is connected to the nozzle for dispersing the solution of the absorber (3). concentrated solution circuit (5), both solution circuit (41, (
51, it consists of a heat exchanger (6) installed to enable heat exchange between a dilute solution and a concentrated solution, and in this closed circuit, a solution obtained by reacting refrigerant vapor with an absorbent is used. (The specific number of this solution will be described later) is sealed in an appropriate amount.

In the above device, a dilute solution (a solution that has absorbed a large amount of refrigerant vapor) whose temperature has been lowered by heat exchange in a heat exchanger (6) is sprayed from the nozzle (7) in a generator (11) or At this time, by exchanging heat with the water in the heat exchange coil (8) and heating it, refrigerant vapor is generated, and the water in the heat exchange coil (8) is cooled by the latent heat of evaporation at that time.

This cooling vapor passes through the low pressure refrigerant vapor pipe (9) to the compressor (2).
), and on the other hand, after the refrigerant vapor has been separated, the concentrated solution (a solution that absorbs less refrigerant vapor) passes through the pump f141° heat exchanger (6), increases in temperature, and then passes through the absorber (31 The solution is sent to the solution spraying nozzle (11).

The compressed refrigerant vapor is compressed and pressurized, and then flows into the absorber (31) through the high-pressure refrigerant vapor pipe (10), where it is mixed with the concentrated solution sprayed from the solution spray nozzle (11). When they come into contact with each other, they react and are absorbed into a concentrated solution, and the concentrated solution becomes a dilute solution.

At that time, absorption reaction heat is generated, so heat is exchanged between the high temperature dilute solution and water in the heat exchange coil f12 to lower the temperature of the dilute solution. can be taken out.

The dilute solution in the absorber (3) is depressurized by the throttle valve (13), further cooled by the heat exchanger (6), and sent to the solution spraying nozzle (7).

As described above, by circulating the solution and generating and absorbing refrigerant vapor, the heat of evaporation in the sharpener (1) is used as a cold heat source, and the heat of absorption reaction in the absorber (3) is used as a cold heat source. Each can be used as a heat source, making it possible to operate a heat pump using a compressor.

In the above-mentioned refrigeration system, the solutions that are the elements of the solution refrigeration cycle include a solution using ammonia as a refrigerant and sodium iodide as an absorbent, and a solution using ammonia as a refrigerant and ammonium chloride as an absorbent. Either a solution using Freon R-22 as a refrigerant and Noko E181 (tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether) as an absorbent, or a solution using Freon R-22 as a refrigerant and DMF (dimethylformamide) as an absorbent. is selected.

By performing heat pump operation in a solution refrigeration cycle using such solutions, a pure refrigerant compression refrigeration cycle L
The main feature of the present invention is that it may or may not improve the coefficient of performance, but it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance by using reaction systems for which data are available, such as ammonia Water-ammonia refrigerant reaction system, E
For the 181-R-22 reaction system, 32℃ waste heat was converted to 55℃
The table below shows the coefficient of performance (heat ratio) and solution concentration of a waste heat recovery heat pump that is used by heating up to iM.

(Hereinafter referred to as Meng 15) As is clear from the above theoretical calculations, the coefficient of performance is improved compared to conventional compression refrigeration equipment that uses pure refrigerant cycles such as ammonia and Freon R-22. This is because the latent heat of vaporization and the heat of reaction can be utilized, although the high-low pressure ratio in the system increases and the power required for the compressor increases.

Next, in the refrigeration system according to the present invention, when controlling the refrigeration capacity, it is naturally possible to control the capacity of the compressor (2) by using an unloading mechanism or by controlling the rotation speed. However, while the compressor (2) continues its normal operation, the capacity can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the solution in the solution refrigerant system.

Since this control mode particularly relates to the second invention, it will be explained below based on FIG. 2.

Among the reference numerals given in Figure 2, the members corresponding to those shown in Figure 1 are given the same reference numerals as in Figure 1, and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted and newly added. To describe only the mechanism l that was not added, (i mark is a high-pressure refrigerant vapor pipe (10 (interposed inside) connecting the discharge port of the compressor (2) and the refrigerant inlet of the absorber (31). A solution concentration regulator (151) includes a condensing coil (151).
16) in the upper part and the evaporation coil (17) in the lower part.

(18) is a flow rate control valve installed in the part I before the inflow to the heat exchanger (6) in the concentrated solution circuit (5), and d is the flow control valve installed in the part I before inflow to the heat exchanger (6) in the dilute solution circuit (41). This is a flow control valve installed in the section.

The flow rate control valve (181) connects the diversion port to the inlet side of the condensing coil (1, 61) by means of piping.
The flow control valve (19) has a dividing port connected to the inlet side of the evaporation coil t17) via a piping 22).

The condensing coil (16) has its outlet side connected to a pipe (21)
The concentrated solution circuit (511 branches) is connected by
When the flow control valve (18) is operated, the generator (1)
A part or all of the low temperature concentrated solution flowing out from the condensing coil (16) is arranged to flow through the condensing coil (16).

On the other hand, the evaporation coil (17) has its outlet side connected to the piping f'!
According to 3), the dilute solution circuit (4) L is branched and connected, and when the flow-proof control valve (19) is operated, a portion of the high-temperature dilute solution flowing out from the absorber (3) Alternatively, the entire amount is distributed through the evaporation coils (1, 7) &.

In this refrigeration system, if you want to control the capacity to a reduced side, for example, you should operate the compressor (2) at its normal capacity and then operate the flow control valve (18) in the direction that opens the diversion port. When this happens, a part of the refrigerant vapor on the discharge side of compression 1Jf21 is transferred to the condensing coil (l) in the solution concentration regulator (151).
It exchanges heat with the low-temperature concentrated solution flowing in η, condenses and liquefies it, and stores it at the bottom of the vessel.

As a result, the refrigerant content of the solution in the system decreases, and both the generated heat and absorbed heat decrease, reducing the capacity of the refrigeration system.

On the other hand, when it is desired to increase the capacity, the flow control valve (19) is operated in the direction in which the diversion port opens while the pressure sub-isolation (2) is operating normally.

As a result, the refrigerant liquid stored at the bottom of the solution concentration regulator (C) flows through the evaporation coil (17).
As a result of being heated by the dilute solution at a certain temperature, it evaporates and is returned to the high-pressure refrigerant vapor pipe 00 and sent to the absorber (3) I.

Therefore, the refrigerant content of the solution in the system increases, and both the heat generated and the heat absorbed increase, and the capacity of the refrigeration system increases.

By adjusting the solution concentration in the solution refrigerant system in this manner, it is possible to increase or decrease the capacity of the compressor (2) while the compressor (2) is in normal operation.

The present invention has the structure and operation as described in detail above, and the system can be operated at a relatively low pressure compared to a pure single-component cycle that performs condensation and evaporation. It is possible to reduce costs.

In addition, although the high-to-low pressure ratio of the system increases and the power required for the compressor increases, the latent heat of vaporization and reaction heat can be used, so the coefficient of performance is improved. -Furthermore, the present invention allows the solution concentration in the system to be adjusted in size by the action of the solution concentration regulator (C), thereby increasing or decreasing the device capacity. It is possible, and its practical effects are great.

However, in 1-1, the present invention has great effects when applied to heat transport systems where heat is utilized at a remote location because there is almost no need to raise the temperature when waste heat is utilized by raising the temperature slightly. It is a large refrigeration device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a device circuit diagram according to an example of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a device circuit diagram of a refrigeration device according to the second invention. (1)・・・・・・・・・・・・ Generator. (21......Compressor. (3)...Absorber. (4)...1# solution circuit. (5) ...Concentrated solution circuit. (6) ....Heat exchanger. (13) ...T ... Throttle valve. (14) ...Pump. ( 15)・・・・・・・・・・・・Solution concentration regulator. Patent applicant: Director of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A generator fl+ that generates refrigerant vapor from the solution by heating a solution obtained by reacting refrigerant vapor with an absorbent by introducing low-temperature heat into the container, and a generator fl+ that generates refrigerant vapor from the solution; The compressed and pressurized high-pressure refrigerant vapor and the concentrated solution returned from the generator flll are reacted in the vessel, and the concentrated solution absorbs the high-pressure refrigerant vapor, and this absorption an absorber (3) for extracting the reaction heat generated by the absorber (3) to the outside, and a dilute solution circuit (41) having a throttle valve (131 or pump interposed) for sending the dilute solution from the absorber (3) to the generator fi+. , a concentrated solution circuit (5) having a pump (formerly known as a pump) interposed to send the concentrated solution from the generator (1) to the absorber (3).
, both solution circuits f41. (Related to 51) It consists of a heat exchanger (6) installed to enable heat exchange between a dilute solution and a concentrated solution, and converts the heat of evaporation in the generator (1) into a cold source
- and 1. A compression type refrigeration/freezing device characterized in that the absorption reaction heat in the absorber (3) can be used as a heat source. 2. A generator il+ that generates refrigerant vapor from the solution by heating the solution obtained by reacting refrigerant vapor with the absorbent by introducing low-temperature heat into the vessel, and a compressor (il+) that compresses and increases the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor. (2) This compressed and pressurized high-pressure refrigerant vapor is reacted with the concentrated solution returned from the generator (1) in the vessel, and the concentrated solution absorbs the high-pressure refrigerant vapor, and the absorption generates an absorber (3) for extracting the generated reaction heat to the outside;
3) A dilute solution circuit (13) having a throttle valve (13) or a pump interposed therein to send the dilute solution from the generator (1).
4), a concentrated solution circuit (5) having a pump (14) interposed therein for sending a concentrated solution from the generator (1) to the absorber (31);
), a heat exchanger (4+, +51) provided to enable heat exchange between the dilute solution and the concentrated solution in connection with both solution circuits (4+, +51).
6), a condensing coil (16) through which the low-temperature concentrated solution before flowing into the heat exchanger (6) in the concentrated solution circuit (5) can be circulated when necessary.
1 and the dilute solution circuit (heat exchanger (6) in the 4th coil) Evaporation coil 0 that can circulate the high temperature dilute solution before it flows in when necessary
A solution concentration regulator (15) is provided in the refrigerant vapor pipe connecting the discharge port of the compressor (2) and the inlet of the absorber (3). ), the heat of evaporation in the generator (1, 1) can be used as a cooling and cooling sensation, and the heat of absorption reaction in the absorber (3) can be used as a heat source.
A compression type refrigeration apparatus characterized in that the capacity of the refrigeration apparatus can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of a solution in the system.