JPH09300189A - Curved face cutting and machining method - Google Patents
Curved face cutting and machining methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09300189A JPH09300189A JP12545696A JP12545696A JPH09300189A JP H09300189 A JPH09300189 A JP H09300189A JP 12545696 A JP12545696 A JP 12545696A JP 12545696 A JP12545696 A JP 12545696A JP H09300189 A JPH09300189 A JP H09300189A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- axis
- curved surface
- cutting blade
- curvature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、曲面の中でも特に
軸非対称曲面を対象とした光学素子の光学機能面、及び
光学素子の成形用型の光学機能面の切削加工を行う曲面
切削加工方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a curved surface cutting method for cutting an optical functional surface of an optical element and an optical functional surface of a molding die for an optical element, especially for an axially asymmetric curved surface among curved surfaces. It is a thing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来例の一つとして特開平６−２２６６
１０号公報により開示された「トーリック面を有する眼
用レンズの製作方法」がある。これは、一軸回りに回転
する切削刃により、レンズ材料の被加工面をトーリック
形伏に切削加工するに際して、前記切削刃の回転軸と、
前記レンズ材料の被加工面におけるレンズ軸とのなす角
を一定に保ちつつ、かかる切削刃の回転軸を、回転軸お
よび前記レンズ材料の被加工面におけるレンズ軸を含む
面内で、レンズ材料に対して相対的に移動させ、前記被
加工面を切削加工するものである。2. Description of the Related Art As one of conventional examples, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-2266.
There is "a manufacturing method of an ophthalmic lens having a toric surface" disclosed in Japanese Patent No. This is, when the processing surface of the lens material is cut into a toric profile by a cutting blade that rotates around one axis, and the rotation axis of the cutting blade,
While keeping the angle formed with the lens axis on the processed surface of the lens material constant, the rotation axis of the cutting blade is set to the lens material within a plane including the rotation axis and the lens axis on the processed surface of the lens material. The surface to be processed is cut by relatively moving it.
【０００３】また、他の従来例として、特開平８−１１
２２３号公報の「光学素子及びその成形方法」がある。
この中の、光学素子の成形用型部材の光学機能面の加工
において、所定の曲率半径を有するダイヤモンドバイト
の刃先を外周方向へ向け、バイトを回転して前記成形用
型部材を彫り込むように加工するもので、前記刃先の曲
率半径は略３ミリメートル以下でその真円度が１ミクロ
ン以下に設定され、前記刃先の回転半径を略３ミリメー
トル以下に設定して回転させることを特徴としている。As another conventional example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-11
No. 223, “Optical element and its molding method”.
Among these, in the processing of the optical functional surface of the molding die member of the optical element, the cutting edge of the diamond cutting tool having a predetermined radius of curvature is directed toward the outer peripheral direction, and the cutting tool is rotated to engrave the molding die member. It is characterized in that the cutting edge has a radius of curvature of about 3 mm or less and a roundness of 1 micron or less, and the turning radius of the cutting edge is set to about 3 mm or less for rotation.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来例では、以下の様な課題があった。前記一つの従来例
の課題として、互いに直交する断面形状において一方の
断面形状は任意の曲面に加工可能であるものの、他方の
断面形状は切削刃の回転直径及び、切削刃の回転軸とレ
ンズ軸とのなす角により決定されるものであり、任意の
曲面形状には加工できず、トーリック形状のみに対応す
るものである。However, the above-mentioned conventional example has the following problems. As a problem of the one conventional example, although one cross-sectional shape in the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to each other can be processed into an arbitrary curved surface, the other cross-sectional shape is the rotation diameter of the cutting blade and the rotation axis of the cutting blade and the lens axis. It is determined by the angle formed by and, and cannot be processed into an arbitrary curved surface shape, and corresponds only to the toric shape.
【０００５】他の従来例の課題として、刃先の回転半径
が３ミリメートル以下で、刃先からホルダに延びるシャ
ンク部は２段に形成され、シャンク部の先端は直径２．
６ミリメートル以下になっているが、このような加工方
法では、所望の曲面が半球に近くなるほどシャンク部と
ワークの接触が生じ易くなり、それを回避するためにシ
ャンク部の径を小さくすると剛性がなくなり加工精度の
劣化につながる。当然、半球状のものは加工できない。As another problem of the conventional example, when the turning radius of the cutting edge is 3 mm or less, the shank portion extending from the cutting edge to the holder is formed in two steps, and the tip of the shank portion has a diameter of 2.
Although it is 6 mm or less, in such a processing method, the closer the desired curved surface is to the hemisphere, the easier it is for the shank portion to come into contact with the workpiece, and in order to avoid this, the rigidity is reduced if the shank portion diameter is reduced. It leads to deterioration of processing accuracy. Naturally, hemispherical ones cannot be processed.
【０００６】また、ワーク曲面の形状によっては、切削
刃の曲率半径全域を使用しなくてはならず、切削刃全域
において真円度１ミクロン以下のダイヤモンドバイトの
製作は難しく、かつ、高価である。Further, depending on the shape of the curved surface of the work, the entire radius of curvature of the cutting blade must be used, and it is difficult and expensive to manufacture a diamond bite having a roundness of 1 micron or less over the entire cutting edge. .
【０００７】更には、刃先の曲率半径と回転半径は必ず
しも一致するものでなく、加工プログラムも２つの補正
を加える必要があり複雑になる。Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the cutting edge and the radius of gyration do not always match, and the machining program is complicated because it requires two corrections.
【０００８】本発明は、上記従来技術の課題に鑑みてな
されたもので、半球に近い軸非対称曲面においても切削
工具とワークとの干渉を無くして高精度に切削加工が可
能な曲面切削加工方法を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a curved surface cutting method capable of performing highly accurate cutting work even on an axially asymmetric curved surface close to a hemisphere without interference between a cutting tool and a work. The purpose is to provide.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明は、
所定の曲率半径を有する切削刃の曲率半径中心が前記切
削刃を固持する工具の回転中心軸上に位置し、前記切削
刃の回転軌跡が前記所定の曲率半径を有する球面になる
切削工具を用い、この切削工具をワーク曲面に対して相
対的に移動させてワーク曲面を切削加工することを特徴
とするものである。According to the first aspect of the present invention,
Using a cutting tool in which the center of curvature of the cutting blade having a predetermined radius of curvature is located on the rotation center axis of the tool that holds the cutting blade, and the rotation locus of the cutting blade becomes a spherical surface having the predetermined radius of curvature. The cutting tool is characterized in that the cutting tool is moved relative to the curved surface of the workpiece to cut the curved surface of the workpiece.
【００１０】請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の曲
面切削加工方法において、前記切削工具の回転中心軸
が、ワーク曲面内に位置しないように、前記切削工具を
保持する切削スピンドルを一定角度傾けることを特徴と
するものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the curved surface cutting method according to the first aspect, the cutting spindle holding the cutting tool is fixed so that the rotation center axis of the cutting tool is not located in the curved surface of the work. It is characterized by tilting at an angle.
【００１１】請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の曲
面切削加工方法において、前記切削工具の回転中心軸か
ら外周方向に向かって、少なくとも９０度以上の範囲の
中で切削工具を回転させることを特徴とするものであ
る。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the curved surface cutting method according to the first aspect, the cutting tool is rotated in a range of at least 90 degrees or more from the rotation center axis of the cutting tool toward the outer peripheral direction. It is characterized by that.
【００１２】請求項１記載の発明に係る曲面切削加工方
法によれば、所定の曲率半径を有する切削刃の曲率半径
中心が前記切削刃を固持する工具の回転中心軸上に位置
し、前記切削刃の回転軌跡が前記所定の曲率半径を有す
る球面になる切削工具を用い、この切削工具をワーク曲
面に対して相対的に移動させてワーク曲面を切削加工す
るものであり、切削刃の回転軌跡を球面としているの
で、ボールエンドミルと同様の加工形態がとれ、曲率の
大小に拘らず軸非対称曲面の場合においても高精度な加
工を実現できる。According to the curved surface cutting method of the present invention, the center of the radius of curvature of the cutting blade having a predetermined radius of curvature is located on the center axis of rotation of the tool holding the cutting blade, A cutting tool whose cutting locus is a spherical surface having the predetermined radius of curvature is used to cut a work curved surface by moving the cutting tool relative to the work curved surface. Since is a spherical surface, the same processing form as a ball end mill can be adopted, and high-precision processing can be realized even in the case of an axially asymmetric curved surface regardless of the size of the curvature.
【００１３】請求項２記載の発明に係る曲面切削加工方
法によれば、前記切削工具の回転中心軸がワーク曲面内
に位置しないので、周速０での加工箇所がなくなり、曲
面全面において良好な加工面を得ることができる。In the curved surface cutting method according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the center axis of rotation of the cutting tool is not located within the curved surface of the workpiece, there are no processing points at a peripheral speed of 0, and the entire curved surface is good. The machined surface can be obtained.
【００１４】請求項３記載の発明に係る曲面切削加工方
法によれば、前記切削工具の回転中心軸から外周方向に
向かって、少なくとも９０度以上の範囲の中で切削工具
を回転させるので、半球（９０度必要）のものでも高精
度で加工きる。According to the curved surface cutting method of the third aspect of the present invention, the cutting tool is rotated in the range of at least 90 degrees or more from the rotation center axis of the cutting tool toward the outer peripheral direction. Even if it is necessary (90 degrees), it can be processed with high precision.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【００１６】（実施の形態１）図１は、本発明の実施の
形態１における軸非対称曲面レンズ１を示す斜視図であ
り、図２は実施の形態１における軸非対称曲面レンズ１
を示す正面図であり、図３は図２のＡ−Ａ線断面図を示
し、図４は図２のＢ−Ｂ線断面図を示す。(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an axially asymmetric curved lens 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a axially asymmetric curved lens 1 according to the first embodiment.
3 is a front view showing a cross section taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross section taken along line BB of FIG.
【００１７】また、本実施の形態１では、図４に示す軸
非対称曲面レンズ１の最外周での曲率中心とのなす角θ
1 、θ2 が、各々４５度以下のアクリルのレンズをダイ
ヤモンドの切削刃８を持つ切削工具、即ち、ダイヤモン
ド工具６で加工するものである。In the first embodiment, the angle θ formed by the center of curvature at the outermost circumference of the axially asymmetric curved lens 1 shown in FIG.
1. Acrylic lenses having angles of 45 degrees or less are machined with a cutting tool having a diamond cutting blade 8, that is, a diamond tool 6.
【００１８】図５は、前記軸非対称曲面レンズ１を切削
加工するための加工機及びその加工状態を示すものであ
る。この加工機は、超精密ＣＮＣ加工機であり、Ｘ軸、
Ｙ軸、Ｚ軸の３軸方向にスライド可能なＸ軸スライドテ
ーブル２、Ｙ軸スライドテーブル３、Ｚ軸スライドテー
ブル４を有し、３軸同時制御で運転可能で、図５に示す
Ｚ軸スライドテーブル４上に回転可能な主軸５を備えた
ものである。FIG. 5 shows a processing machine for cutting the axially asymmetric curved lens 1 and its processing state. This processing machine is an ultra-precision CNC processing machine,
It has an X-axis slide table 2, a Y-axis slide table 3, and a Z-axis slide table 4 that can slide in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and can be operated by simultaneous 3-axis control. A rotatable main shaft 5 is provided on the table 4.
【００１９】前記主軸５の先端に、軸非対称曲面レンズ
１が保持されている。また、ダイヤモンド工具６は、こ
のダイヤモンド工具６の回転中心軸１０ｂが、精密に回
転する切削スピンドル７の回転中心軸１０ａと同軸とな
るように切削スピンドル７に保持され、さらに、切削ス
ビンドル７はＹ軸スライドテーブル３に対しＹ軸平面上
でθ方向（円周方向）ヘ回動可能で任意に傾けられるよ
うに取付られている。An axially asymmetric curved lens 1 is held at the tip of the main shaft 5. Further, the diamond tool 6 is held by the cutting spindle 7 such that the rotation center axis 10b of the diamond tool 6 is coaxial with the rotation center axis 10a of the cutting spindle 7 that rotates precisely, and the cutting spindle 8 is set to the Y axis. It is attached to the shaft slide table 3 so as to be rotatable in the θ direction (circumferential direction) on the Y-axis plane and tilted arbitrarily.
【００２０】図６は、実施の形態１のダイヤモンド工具
６を示す図であり、図７は、前記ダイヤモンド工具６が
回転した状態を示す図である。図６において、所定の曲
率半径Ｒ1 のダイヤモンドを用いた切削刃８の曲率半径
中心９が、ダイヤモンド工具６の回転中心軸１０ｂの軸
上に位置し、切削刃８はダイヤモンド工具６の回転中心
軸１０ｂから外周方向へ向かって９０度以上の有効部１
２を持ち、前記切削切８の図７に点線で示す回転軌跡１
１が前記曲率半径Ｒ1 の球面になるよう構成されてい
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the diamond tool 6 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the diamond tool 6 is rotated. In FIG. 6, the radius of curvature center 9 of the cutting edge 8 using diamond having a predetermined radius of curvature R 1 is located on the axis of the rotation center axis 10b of the diamond tool 6, and the cutting edge 8 is the rotation center of the diamond tool 6. Effective part 1 of 90 degrees or more from the axis 10b toward the outer circumference
2 has a rotation locus 1 of the cutting section 8 shown by a dotted line in FIG.
1 is a spherical surface having the radius of curvature R 1 .
【００２１】前記ダイヤモンド工具６のシャンク部６ａ
（切削刃８から切削スピンドル７に至る部分）の径は、
前記切削刃８の回転軌跡１１よりも小さくなっている。
これにより、加工面と前記シャンク部６ａとの干渉を無
くし、半球状の曲面の加工を可能としている。The shank portion 6a of the diamond tool 6
The diameter of (the part from the cutting blade 8 to the cutting spindle 7) is
It is smaller than the rotation locus 11 of the cutting blade 8.
This eliminates the interference between the processed surface and the shank portion 6a, and enables processing of a hemispherical curved surface.
【００２２】本実施の形態１の前記切削スピンドル７の
傾き角度θは、以下のように設定される。The inclination angle θ of the cutting spindle 7 of the first embodiment is set as follows.
【００２３】図４において、 角θ1 ＝θ2 のとき 傾き角度θ＝切削刃８の有効範囲（度）／２In FIG. 4, when the angle θ 1 = θ 2 , the inclination angle θ = the effective range (degrees) / 2 of the cutting blade 8
【００２４】角θ1 ＞θ2 のとき 傾き角度θ＝切削刃８の有効範囲（度）／２＋（θ1 −
θ2 ）／２When Angle θ 1 > θ 2 Inclination angle θ = effective range (degrees) of cutting blade 8/2 + (θ 1 −
θ 2 ) / 2
【００２５】角θ1 ＜θ2 のとき 傾き角度θ＝切削刃８の有効範囲（度）／２−（θ1 −
θ2 ）／２When the angle θ 1 <θ 2 Inclination angle θ = effective range (degrees) of cutting blade 8 / 2− (θ 1 −
θ 2 ) / 2
【００２６】次に、実施の形態１の作用を、図８乃至図
１０を参照して説明する。図８は、軸非対称曲面レンズ
１の光軸中心１３上でダイヤモンド工具６が作用する状
態の側面図を示し、図９はその上面図を示す。図１０
は、加工時の切削刃８の軌跡及び加工順序を示す説明図
である。Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10. FIG. 8 shows a side view of the state where the diamond tool 6 acts on the optical axis center 13 of the axially asymmetric curved lens 1, and FIG. 9 shows its top view. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a locus of the cutting blade 8 and a processing order during processing.
【００２７】前記軸非対称曲面レンズ１は、配置された
ダイヤモンド工具６により以下のように切削加工され
る。即ち、軸非対称曲面レンズ１の光軸中心１３とダイ
ヤモンド工具６の切削刃８の回転中心９とが一致するＮ
Ｃ座標値のＸ、Ｙを０とし、軸非対称曲面レンズ１に接
した位置を曲率半径Ｒ1 の数値に書き換える（ＮＣプロ
グラムが切削刃８の回転中心９を基準に動く）。以上
で、Ｘ軸、Ｙ軸、Ｚ軸の基準位置が設定される。The axially asymmetric curved lens 1 is cut by the diamond tool 6 arranged as follows. That is, the optical axis center 13 of the axially asymmetric curved lens 1 and the rotation center 9 of the cutting blade 8 of the diamond tool 6 coincide with each other N
The X and Y of the C coordinate values are set to 0, and the position in contact with the axially asymmetric curved surface lens 1 is rewritten to the numerical value of the radius of curvature R 1 (the NC program moves based on the rotation center 9 of the cutting blade 8). As described above, the reference positions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are set.
【００２８】切削加工は、図１０に示す加工開始ライン
Ｌ１０１から行うが、ダイヤモンド工具６の切削刃８の
当接点８ａが加工開始ラインＬ１０１を通過するように
加工ラインに対し切削刃８の当接点８ａの変化を考慮に
いれて、切削刃８の回転中心９の軌跡（図８に示すＹ方
向移動ラインＹＬ及び図９に示すＸ方向移動ラインＸＬ
の交点）の各加工点データを計算してＮＣプログラムを
作成する。The cutting is performed from the machining start line L101 shown in FIG. 10, but the contact point 8a of the cutting edge 8 of the diamond tool 6 with respect to the machining line passes through the machining start line L101. 8a is taken into consideration, the locus of the rotation center 9 of the cutting blade 8 (Y-direction movement line YL shown in FIG. 8 and X-direction movement line XL shown in FIG. 9).
NC point program is created by calculating each processing point data of (intersection point of).
【００２９】この作成されたＮＣプログラムにより、Ｎ
Ｃ加工機のＸ軸、Ｚ軸の各方向の移動をＮＣ制御し、１
つのラインの加工を行う。この１つのラインの加工が終
了するとＹ軸をＮＣ制御し、次のラインＬ１０２へ移動
して同様に加工を行う。With the NC program created, N
NC control of X-axis and Z-axis movement of the C processing machine
One line is processed. When the processing of this one line is completed, the Y-axis is NC controlled, and the process is moved to the next line L102 to perform the same processing.
【００３０】このように加工開始ラインＬ１０１からラ
インＬ１０２、Ｌ１０３、…とＹ軸方向に細分化した全
てのラインの加工を終了することにより、軸非対称面レ
ンズ１を形成することができる。In this way, by finishing the processing of all the lines subdivided in the Y-axis direction from the processing start line L101 to the lines L102, L103, ..., The axially asymmetric lens 1 can be formed.
【００３１】本実施の形態１によれば、ダイヤモンド工
具６の切削刃８を球状として加工することから、複雑な
軸非対称曲面レンズ１であってもＮＣプログラムを容易
に作成でき、常に周速を持つ切削刃８にて連続した切削
加工が可能となり、軸非対称曲面レンズ１において高精
度な光学面が得られる。また、切削刃にダイヤモンドを
用いるので、切削加工のみで良好な光学面がえられる。According to the first embodiment, since the cutting blade 8 of the diamond tool 6 is machined into a spherical shape, an NC program can be easily created even with a complicated axially asymmetric curved surface lens 1, and the peripheral speed is always maintained. Continuous cutting can be performed by the cutting blade 8 provided, and a highly accurate optical surface can be obtained in the axially asymmetric curved lens 1. Further, since diamond is used for the cutting blade, a good optical surface can be obtained only by cutting.
【００３２】尚、本実施の形態１では、加工順序におい
てＸ軸、Ｚ軸で制御される加工ラインをワークである軸
非対称曲面レンズ１に対してＹ軸制御にて下から上に移
動させ切削加工を行ってっているが、逆に上から下に移
動させて切削加工を行うことができ、更には、Ｙ軸、Ｚ
軸で制御される加工ラインをワークである軸非対称曲面
レンズ１に対してＸ軸制御にて横方向に移動させても切
削加工が可能となるものである。In the first embodiment, the machining line controlled by the X-axis and the Z-axis in the machining order is moved from the bottom to the top by the Y-axis control with respect to the axially asymmetric curved lens 1 which is the workpiece and the cutting is performed. Although processing is done, it is possible to move from top to bottom to perform cutting, and further, Y-axis, Z
Even if the machining line controlled by the axis is moved laterally by the X-axis control with respect to the axially asymmetric curved surface lens 1 as the work, the cutting can be performed.
【００３３】また、ワークの材質は、切削加工が可能な
ものであれば、アクリル樹脂に限らず他の光学用樹脂、
更には成形用型では、無電解ニッケルメッキ、無酸素
銅、リン青銅、真鍮等があり、ミラーではアルミニウム
等がある。The material of the work is not limited to acrylic resin as long as it can be cut, and other optical resin,
Further, there are electroless nickel plating, oxygen-free copper, phosphor bronze, brass and the like in the molding die, and aluminum and the like in the mirror.
【００３４】本実施の形態１と同じ構成で、切削工具の
切削刃にｃ−ＢＮ（立方晶窒化ほう素）を用いること
で、ダイヤモンドと親和性の良い鉄系の材料からなるワ
ークについても、高精度で加工できる。With the same structure as in the first embodiment, by using c-BN (cubic boron nitride) for the cutting edge of the cutting tool, a work made of an iron-based material having a good affinity with diamond Can be processed with high precision.
【００３５】（実施の形態２）図１１は、本発明の実施
の形態２の軸非対称曲面レンズ１４の斜視図であり、図
１２はその正面図を示し、図１３は図１２のＣ−Ｃ断面
図であり、図１４は図１２のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。本実
施の形態２では、図１４に示す軸非対称曲面レンズ１３
の最外周での曲率中心とのなす角θ3 、θ4 が各々９０
度の半球のアクリルのレンズを加工するものである。(Embodiment 2) FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an axially asymmetric curved lens 14 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 12 shows its front view, and FIG. 13 shows CC of FIG. FIG. 14 is a sectional view, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 12. In the second embodiment, the axially asymmetric curved surface lens 13 shown in FIG.
The angles θ 3 and θ 4 with the center of curvature at the outermost circumference of
It is used to process a hemispherical acrylic lens.
【００３６】加工機の構成は、実施の形態１と同様であ
り、図５に示す切削スピンドル７の傾き角θを水平（０
度）に近い状態にして、図１２に示すＣ−Ｃラインの上
の面と下の面の二つに分けて加工するものであり、切削
スピンドル７の傾き角θは１度以上で（切削刃有効範囲
−９０度）未満としている。The structure of the processing machine is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the inclination angle θ of the cutting spindle 7 shown in FIG.
The cutting spindle 7 is divided into two parts, an upper surface and a lower surface of the CC line shown in FIG. 12, and the inclination angle θ of the cutting spindle 7 is 1 degree or more (cutting). The effective blade range is less than -90 degrees.
【００３７】図１５は、軸非対称曲面レンズ１４の光軸
中心１５に関して切削刃８の最外周１６上でのダイヤモ
ンド工具６の作用状態の側面を示す。また、図１６、図
１７は、加工時の切削刃の軌跡及び加工順序を示すもの
である。FIG. 15 shows a side view of the working state of the diamond tool 6 on the outermost circumference 16 of the cutting blade 8 with respect to the optical axis center 15 of the axially asymmetric curved lens 14. 16 and 17 show the locus of the cutting blade and the processing order during processing.
【００３８】軸非対称曲面レンズ１４を加工するための
Ｘ軸、Ｙ軸、Ｚ軸の基準位置の設定を実施の形態１と同
様に行い、切削加工は非対称曲面レンズ１４の光軸中心
１５上のＣ−Ｃライン（ラインＬ２０１）を加工開始ラ
インとし、実施の形態１と同様にＮＣプログラムを作成
し、加工開始ラインＬ２０１からラインＬ２０２、ライ
ンＬ２０３、…とＹ軸方向に細分化した全てのラインの
加工を終了し、軸非対称曲面レンズ１４の半分の面１４
ａが形成される。The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis reference positions for processing the axially asymmetric curved lens 14 are set in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the cutting is performed on the optical axis center 15 of the asymmetric curved lens 14. Using the CC line (line L201) as a machining start line, an NC program is created in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and all lines subdivided in the Y-axis direction from the machining start line L201 to line L202, line L203 ,. After finishing the process, the half surface 14 of the axially asymmetric curved lens 14 is processed.
a is formed.
【００３９】また、次に光軸中心１５を中心に軸非対称
曲面レンズ１４を１８０度反転させ、前記のように加工
開始ラインＬ２０１、ラインＬ２０２、ラインＬ２０
３、…とＹ軸方向に細分化した全てのラインの加工を終
了し、もう半分の面１４ｂが形成される。以上で軸非対
称曲面レンズ１４を形成することができる。Then, the axially asymmetric curved surface lens 14 is inverted 180 degrees about the optical axis center 15 and, as described above, the processing start line L201, line L202, line L20.
Processing of all the lines subdivided in the Y-axis direction such as 3, ... Is completed, and the other half surface 14b is formed. With the above, the axially asymmetric curved lens 14 can be formed.
【００４０】本実施の形態２によれば、切削スピンドル
７を傾けることにより半球又は半球に近い曲面レンズで
あっても切削加工が可能となり、高精度な光学面を得る
ことができる。According to the second embodiment, by tilting the cutting spindle 7, even a hemisphere or a curved lens close to a hemisphere can be cut and a highly accurate optical surface can be obtained.
【００４１】（実施の形態３）図１８乃至図２１は、本
発明の実施の形態３を示すものである。図１８は実施の
形態３の軸外し非球面ミラー１７の斜視図であり、図１
９は軸外し非球面ミラー１７の光軸１８との位置関係を
示し、本実施の形態３では軸外し非球面ミラー１７を軸
非対称曲面レンズ１の場合と同様に加工するものであ
る。(Third Embodiment) FIGS. 18 to 21 show a third embodiment of the present invention. 18 is a perspective view of the off-axis aspherical mirror 17 according to the third embodiment.
Reference numeral 9 indicates a positional relationship between the off-axis aspherical mirror 17 and the optical axis 18, and in the third embodiment, the off-axis aspherical mirror 17 is processed in the same manner as the case of the axially asymmetric curved lens 1.
【００４２】加工機の構成は、実施の形態１と同様であ
り、図１９に示すようにミラー面１７ａには光軸１８が
含まれないので、図３に示す切削スピンドル７の傾き角
θを水平（０度）の状態にして、実施の形態１と同様に
加工するものである。The structure of the processing machine is the same as that of the first embodiment, and since the mirror surface 17a does not include the optical axis 18 as shown in FIG. 19, the inclination angle θ of the cutting spindle 7 shown in FIG. The processing is performed in the horizontal (0 degree) state as in the first embodiment.
【００４３】図２０は、軸外し非球面ミラー１７のミラ
ー面１７ａ上のダイヤモンド工具６の作用状態の側面図
を示し、図２１は切削加工時の切削刃８の軌跡及び加工
順序を示す説明図である。FIG. 20 is a side view showing the working state of the diamond tool 6 on the mirror surface 17a of the off-axis aspherical mirror 17, and FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing the locus of the cutting blade 8 and the processing sequence during cutting. Is.
【００４４】軸外し非球面ミラー１７を加工するための
プログラムは、前記ミラー面１７ａの範囲の中の非球面
データを実施の形態１と同様に図２１に示すラインＬ３
０１をダイヤモンド工具６の切削刃８の当接点８ａが通
過するよう書換え作成し、ラインＬ３０１を加工開始ラ
インとし、ラインＬ３０２、ラインＬ３０３、…とＹ軸
方向に細分化した全て加工ラインの加工を行い、終了と
する。以上で軸外し非球面ミラー１７を形成することが
できる。As a program for processing the off-axis aspherical mirror 17, the aspherical surface data within the range of the mirror surface 17a is line L3 shown in FIG. 21 as in the first embodiment.
01 is rewritten so that the contact point 8a of the cutting edge 8 of the diamond tool 6 passes, and the line L301 is set as the processing start line, and the processing of all the processing lines subdivided in the Y-axis direction such as the line L302, the line L303 ,. Perform and end. As described above, the off-axis aspherical mirror 17 can be formed.
【００４５】本実施の形態３によれば、軸外し非球面ミ
ラー１７においても特別な治具を用いずに切削加工が可
能となり、高精度な光学面を得ることができる。According to the third embodiment, the off-axis aspherical mirror 17 can be cut without using a special jig, and a highly accurate optical surface can be obtained.
【００４６】[0046]
【発明の効果】請求項１記載の発明の効果は、曲率の大
小に拘らず軸非対称曲面又は軸外し非球面等のあらゆる
曲面加工に対応できる。更には、切削刃を球状としてい
るのでプログラム作成時の補正も１つで済み容易である
利点がある。The effect of the invention according to claim 1 can be applied to any curved surface processing such as an axially asymmetric curved surface or an off-axis aspherical surface, regardless of the size of the curvature. Furthermore, since the cutting blade is spherical, there is an advantage that only one correction is required at the time of program creation and it is easy.
【００４７】請求項２記載の発明によれば、請求項１記
載の発明の効果に加え、曲面全面において良好な加工面
を得ることができる曲面切削加工方法を提供できる。According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to provide a curved surface cutting method capable of obtaining a good processed surface on the entire curved surface.
【００４８】請求項３記載の発明によれば、請求項１記
載の発明の効果に加え、半球状のものでも高精度で加工
できる曲面切削加工方法を提供できる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to provide a curved surface cutting method capable of processing a hemispherical shape with high accuracy.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態１における軸非対称曲面レ
ンズを示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an axially asymmetric curved lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】実施の形態１における軸非対称曲面レンズを示
す正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view showing an axially asymmetric curved lens according to the first embodiment.
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;
【図４】図２のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
【図５】実施の形態１の加工機を示す側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view showing the processing machine according to the first embodiment.
【図６】実施の形態１の切削工具を示す正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view showing the cutting tool according to the first embodiment.
【図７】実施の形態１の切削工具を示す平面図である。FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the cutting tool according to the first embodiment.
【図８】軸非対称曲面レンズの光軸中心上でダイヤモン
ド工具が作用する状態の側面図である。FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state where a diamond tool acts on the optical axis center of an axially asymmetric curved lens.
【図９】軸非対称曲面レンズの光軸中心上でダイヤモン
ド工具が作用する状態の平面図である。FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a state where a diamond tool acts on the optical axis center of an axially asymmetric curved lens.
【図１０】加工時の切削刃の軌跡及び加工順序を示す説
明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a trajectory of a cutting blade and a processing order during processing.
【図１１】実施の形態２における軸非対称曲面レンズを
示す斜視図である。FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an axially asymmetric curved lens in the second embodiment.
【図１２】実施の形態２における軸非対称曲面レンズを
示す正面図である。FIG. 12 is a front view showing an axially asymmetric curved lens according to a second embodiment.
【図１３】図１２のＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 12;
【図１４】図１２のＤ−Ｄ線断面図である。FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 12;
【図１５】実施の形態２における加工状態を示す側面図
である。FIG. 15 is a side view showing a processed state in the second embodiment.
【図１６】実施の形態２における片方の面の加工時の切
削刃の軌跡を示す正面図である。FIG. 16 is a front view showing a locus of a cutting blade when processing one surface in the second embodiment.
【図１７】実施の形態２における他方の面の加工時の切
削刃の軌跡を示す正面図である。FIG. 17 is a front view showing a locus of a cutting blade when processing the other surface in the second embodiment.
【図１８】実施の形態３の軸外し非球面ミラーの斜視図
である。FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an off-axis aspherical mirror according to a third embodiment.
【図１９】実施の形態３の軸外し非球面ミラーの光軸と
の位置関係を示す平面図である。FIG. 19 is a plan view showing the positional relationship with the optical axis of the off-axis aspherical mirror according to the third embodiment.
【図２０】実施の形態３の軸外し非球面ミラーのミラー
面上のダイヤモンド工具の作用状態の側面図である。FIG. 20 is a side view of the off-axis aspherical mirror according to the third embodiment in a working state of the diamond tool on the mirror surface.
【図２１】実施の形態３の切削加工時の切削刃の軌跡及
び加工順序を示す説明図である。FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a locus of a cutting blade and a processing order during cutting according to the third embodiment.
１ 軸非対称曲面レンズ ２ Ｘ軸スライドテーブル ３ Ｙ軸スライドテーブル ４ Ｚ軸スライドテーブル ５ 主軸 ６ ダイヤモンド工具 ７ 切削スピンドル ８ 切削刃 ８ａ 当接点 ９ 回転中心 １０ａ 回転中心軸 １０ｂ 回転中心軸 １２ 有効部 １３ 光軸中心 １４ 軸非対称曲面レンズ １５ 光軸中心 １６ 最外周部 １７ 軸外し非球面ミラー ｌ７ａ ミラー面 １８ 光軸 1-axis asymmetric curved lens 2 X-axis slide table 3 Y-axis slide table 4 Z-axis slide table 5 Spindle 6 Diamond tool 7 Cutting spindle 8 Cutting blade 8a Contact point 9 Rotation center 10a Rotation center axis 10b Rotation center axis 12 Effective part 13 Optical Axial center 14 Axisymmetric curved lens 15 Optical axis center 16 Outermost peripheral portion 17 Off-axis aspherical mirror 17a Mirror surface 18 Optical axis
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成９年６月４日[Submission date] June 4, 1997
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２３[Correction target item name] 0023
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００２３】図４において、傾き角度θ＝切削刃８の有効範囲（度）／２−（θ1 −
θ2 ）／２ In FIG. 4, inclination angle θ = effective range (degrees) of cutting blade 8 / 2− (θ 1 −
θ 2 ) / 2
【手続補正２】[Procedure amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２４[Name of item to be corrected] 0024
【補正方法】削除[Correction method] Deleted
【手続補正３】[Procedure 3]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２５[Name of item to be corrected] 0025
【補正方法】削除[Correction method] Deleted
Claims (3)
径中心が前記切削刃を固持する工具の回転中心軸上に位
置し、前記切削刃の回転軌跡が前記所定の曲率半径を有
する球面になる切削工具を用い、この切削工具をワーク
曲面に対して相対的に移動させてワーク曲面を切削加工
することを特徴とする曲面切削加工方法。1. A center of curvature of a cutting blade having a predetermined radius of curvature is located on a rotation center axis of a tool holding the cutting blade, and a rotation locus of the cutting blade is a spherical surface having the predetermined radius of curvature. A curved surface cutting method characterized by using the cutting tool described above, and moving the cutting tool relative to the curved surface of the work to cut the curved surface of the work.
面内に位置しないように、前記切削工具を保持する切削
スピンドルを一定角度傾けることを特徴とする請求項１
記載の曲面切削加工方法。2. The cutting spindle holding the cutting tool is tilted at a constant angle so that the center axis of rotation of the cutting tool is not located in the curved surface of the work.
The curved surface cutting method described.
に向かって、少なくとも９０度以上の範囲の中で切削工
具を回転させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の曲面切
削加工方法。3. The curved surface cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting tool is rotated in a range of at least 90 degrees or more from the rotation center axis of the cutting tool toward the outer peripheral direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12545696A JPH09300189A (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Curved face cutting and machining method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12545696A JPH09300189A (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Curved face cutting and machining method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09300189A true JPH09300189A (en) | 1997-11-25 |
Family
ID=14910553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12545696A Pending JPH09300189A (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Curved face cutting and machining method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09300189A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008098429A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-21 | Wang Zhong An | A method for processing aspheric |
| WO2016120985A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | Method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric lens, method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric lens molding die, method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric mirror, and method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric mirror molding die |
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 JP JP12545696A patent/JPH09300189A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008098429A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-21 | Wang Zhong An | A method for processing aspheric |
| WO2016120985A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | Method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric lens, method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric lens molding die, method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric mirror, and method for manufacturing rotationally asymmetric mirror molding die |
| CN107003431A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-08-01 | 日立麦克赛尔株式会社 | The manufacture method of non-rotationally-symmetric lens, the manufacture method of non-rotationally-symmetric forming lens mould, the manufacture method of the manufacture method of rotation asymmetry speculum and rotation asymmetry speculum shaping dies |
| JPWO2016120985A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-09-14 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | Rotation non-axisymmetric lens manufacturing method, rotation non-axisymmetric lens molding die manufacturing method, rotation non-axisymmetric surface mirror manufacturing method, and rotation non-axisymmetric surface mirror molding die manufacturing method |
| CN107003431B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2019-03-12 | 麦克赛尔株式会社 | The manufacturing method of non-rotational symmetry lens/reflecting mirror and its shaping dies |
| US10265831B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2019-04-23 | Maxell, Ltd. | Method for manufacturing lens, method for manufacturing molding die for lens, method for manufacturing mirror, method for manufacturing molding die for mirror, lens and molding die for lens |
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