JP4907210B2 - 水素の貯蔵輸送システム - Google Patents
水素の貯蔵輸送システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4907210B2 JP4907210B2 JP2006095282A JP2006095282A JP4907210B2 JP 4907210 B2 JP4907210 B2 JP 4907210B2 JP 2006095282 A JP2006095282 A JP 2006095282A JP 2006095282 A JP2006095282 A JP 2006095282A JP 4907210 B2 JP4907210 B2 JP 4907210B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- catalyst
- dehydrogenation
- reaction
- aromatic compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 264
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 264
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 236
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 96
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 174
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 172
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 78
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002683 reaction inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 bicyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 108
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 57
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 51
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 15
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NHCREQREVZBOCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-decahydronaphthalene Chemical compound C1CCCC2C(C)CCCC21 NHCREQREVZBOCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- QEGNUYASOUJEHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCCC1 QEGNUYASOUJEHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 150000002765 bicyclohexyls Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001940 cyclopentanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007577 5-membered cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLJPGEWQYJVDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium sulfate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FLJPGEWQYJVDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JAAGVIUFBAHDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Rb+] JAAGVIUFBAHDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Rb+] FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WFUBYPSJBBQSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium iodide Chemical compound [Rb+].[I-] WFUBYPSJBBQSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001577 simple distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVJFFQYXVOJXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9,9a,10,10a-tetradecahydroanthracene Chemical compound C1C2CCCCC2CC2C1CCCC2 GVJFFQYXVOJXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBWYZPGRKYRKNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propanoyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)N(C(=O)CC)C2=C1 VBWYZPGRKYRKNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007578 6-membered cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVDLTVYVLJZLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-J O.Cl[Pt](Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound O.Cl[Pt](Cl)(Cl)Cl YVDLTVYVLJZLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KQMAUJBAKHJXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pt+2].[Pt+2].N Chemical compound [Pt+2].[Pt+2].N KQMAUJBAKHJXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045985 antineoplastic platinum compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOAIGCHJWKDIPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium acetate Chemical compound [Cs+].CC([O-])=O ZOAIGCHJWKDIPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GVAXCZLBUZKYOK-UHFFFAOYSA-L carbon monoxide;dichloroplatinum Chemical compound [O+]#[C-].Cl[Pt]Cl GVAXCZLBUZKYOK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- AXMOZGKEVIBBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;propanoate Chemical compound [Li+].CCC([O-])=O AXMOZGKEVIBBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dipropionate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- BWILYWWHXDGKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium propanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCC([O-])=O BWILYWWHXDGKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- REGAZBBSEPGAJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M propanoate;rubidium(1+) Chemical compound [Rb+].CCC([O-])=O REGAZBBSEPGAJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium nitrate Inorganic materials [Rb+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000344 rubidium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Description
前記水素貯蔵体として利用される芳香族化合物が単環芳香族類又は2環芳香族類であると共に、前記脱水素触媒が、表面積150m 2 /g以上、細孔容積0.40cm 3 /g以上、平均細孔径90〜300Å、及び全細孔容積に対して平均細孔径±30Åの細孔が占める割合が50%以上である多孔性γ-アルミナ担体に、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム及びルテニウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種の触媒金属を担持させた触媒であり、
前記システム内には、前記水添反応装置の後段に、システム系内で生成して上記脱水素反応装置に利用される脱水素触媒及び/又は水添装置に利用される水添触媒の被毒物質となって脱水素反応及び/又は水添反応を阻害する反応阻害物質を除去すると共に、このシステム系内の反応阻害物質濃度を100ppm以下に維持する反応阻害物質除去装置が設けられている水素の貯蔵輸送システムである。
図2に本発明における有機ケミカルハイドライド法による水素の貯蔵輸送システムの基本構成を説明するための構成例1が示されている。この構成例1の水素の貯蔵輸送システムS1は、水素製造場所に設置される水素貯蔵システムS2と水素利用場所に設置される水素供給システムS3から構成される。
次に、上記の水素貯蔵輸送システムを構成する脱水素反応器2で使用する脱水素触媒について、その製造例を具体的に説明する。
特公平6-72,005号公報中の実施例1に記載されるようにして、γーアルミナ担体を製造した。この方法のあらましを述べると、熱希硫酸中に激しく撹拌しながら瞬時にアルミン酸ソーダ水溶液を加えることにより水酸化アルミニウムスラリーの懸濁液(pH10)を得、これを種子水酸化アルミニウムとして、撹拌を続けながら熱希硫酸とアルミン酸ソーダ水溶液を交互に一定時間おいて加える操作を繰り返し、ろ過洗浄ケーキを得、これを押し出し成形して乾燥した後、500℃で3時間焼成するというものである。
内径12.6mmφ×300mmサイズで、反応管断面の中心に外形1/8インチの熱電対用保護管を備えたステンレス製反応管の長さ方向の中心に、触媒層の中心が位置するように、上記で得られたNo.1又はNo.3の脱水素触媒10ccを充填し、触媒層の上側に予熱層として1mmφの球状α-アルミナビーズ10ccを充填し、それぞれNo.1又はNo.3の脱水素触媒が充填された固定床脱水素反応器(No.1反応器及びNo.3反応器)を作製した。
すなわち、水素流通下に触媒層の中心温度が320℃になるまで反応器を昇温し、次いで水素の流量をLHSV=5.0(50cc/hr)に調整した後、反応器に高速液体クロマトグラフィ(HPLC)用送液ポンプ(HPLCポンプ)を用いてメチルシクロヘキサン(MCH)をLHSV=2.0(20cc/hr)で供給し、MCHと水素の供給ガス中の水素濃度が20mol%になるように水素の供給量を調節した。なお、MCHの供給に当っては、予め予熱器により300℃に加熱してから供給した。
反応管の出口には気液分離器を設け、この脱水素反応により生成したトルエン等の液状生成物と水素ガス等の気体とを分離し、回収された液状生成物と気体とを各々ガスクロマトグラフィで分析した。
不純物のうち代表的な化合物である鎖状炭化水素、5員環環状化合物、2環の重合生成物を各々独立に多量に添加し、脱水素触媒の寿命に与える影響を検討した反応試験例2〜4を以下に示す。
触媒製造例におけるNo.1の触媒を用いて、性能試験例1と同様に改めて脱水素No.1を作製し、原料のメチルシクロヘキサン(MCH)に1.0%(10,000ppm)のn-ヘプタンを添加した混合溶液を原料に用いた以外は性能試験例1と同様に反応試験を実施して、n-ヘプタンが脱水素触媒の劣化に与える影響を確認した。ここで、n-ヘプタンを用いた理由は、工業水添プロセスによる製品MCH中の不純物に含まれる鎖状炭化水素のうち、直鎖状部分の炭素数が7であるものが最大であり、C8及びC9の直鎖を有する鎖状炭化水素類はほとんど含まれていないからである。結果を表5に示す。
触媒製造例におけるNo.1の触媒を用いて、性能試験例1と同様に改めて脱水素No.1を作製し、原料のメチルシクロヘキサン(MCH)に1.0%(10,000ppm)のシクロペンタンを添加した混合溶液を原料に用いた以外は性能試験例1と同様に反応試験を実施して、シクロペンタンが脱水素触媒の劣化に与える影響を確認した。結果を表6に示す。
触媒製造例におけるNo.1の触媒を用いて、性能試験例1と同様に改めて脱水素No.1を作製し、原料のメチルシクロヘキサン(MCH)に1.0%(10,000ppm)のビシクロヘキシルを添加した混合溶液を原料に用いた以外は性能試験例1と同様に反応試験を実施して、2環の重合生成物であるビシクロヘキシルが脱水素触媒の劣化に与える影響を確認した。結果を表7に示す。
代表的な工業水添プロセスによる製品MCHの市販品を2種類入手して、その不純物の同定を行い、これらのうち36成分について蒸留計算を行った。
工業製品MCHの不純物は製造される水添プロセスと条件で大きく影響すると考えられることから、蒸留計算には比較的に不純物が多いA社のMCHと最も不純物が少ないと考えられるB社のMCHの2種類について実施した。
Claims (13)
- 芳香族化合物(水素貯蔵体)の水素化反応を行って水素化芳香族化合物(水素供給体)を製造する水添反応装置を備えた水素貯蔵システムと、得られた水素化芳香族化合物を水素利用場所まで輸送を行う水素化芳香族化合物輸送手段と、輸送された水素化芳香族化合物の脱水素反応により水素及び芳香族化合物を製造する脱水素反応装置を備えた水素供給システムと、回収された芳香族化合物を再び水素貯蔵システムまで輸送する回収芳香族輸送手段を備え、水素により芳香族化合物の水素化反応を行って水素化芳香族化合物を製造し、水素を貯蔵及び/又は移送を行った後に、脱水素反応装置において水素化芳香族化合物の脱水素反応により水素を製造して利用に供する有機ケミカルハイドライド法による水素の貯蔵輸送システムにおいて、
前記水素貯蔵体として利用される芳香族化合物が単環芳香族類又は2環芳香族類であると共に、前記脱水素触媒が、表面積150m 2 /g以上、細孔容積0.40cm 3 /g以上、平均細孔径90〜300Å、及び全細孔容積に対して平均細孔径±30Åの細孔が占める割合が50%以上である多孔性γ-アルミナ担体に、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム及びルテニウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種の触媒金属を担持させた触媒であり、
前記システム内には、前記水添反応装置の後段に、システム系内で生成して上記脱水素反応装置に利用される脱水素触媒及び/又は水添装置に利用される水添触媒の被毒物質となって脱水素反応及び/又は水添反応を阻害する反応阻害物質を除去すると共に、このシステム系内の反応阻害物質濃度を100ppm以下に維持する反応阻害物質除去装置が設けられていることを特徴とする水素の貯蔵輸送システム。 - 水添触媒が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、及びルテニウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種の触媒活性金属をアルミナ、シリカアルミナ、及びシリカから選ばれた触媒担体に担持させた水添触媒である請求項1に記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 脱水素触媒が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、及びルテニウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種の触媒活性金属をアルミナ、シリカアルミナ、及びシリカから選ばれた触媒担体に担持させた脱水素触媒である請求項1又は2に記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 反応阻害物質除去装置が蒸留装置である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 蒸留装置が理論段数2〜4段の機能を有する請求項4に記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 反応阻害物質は、水素貯蔵体として利用される芳香族化合物が単環芳香族類である場合には、6員環化合物の2量体又は3量体以上の重合生成物及び5員環化合物の2量体又は3量体以上の重合生成物であり、また、水素貯蔵体として利用される芳香族化合物が2環芳香族類の場合には、6員環化合物の2量体又は3量体以上の重合生成物及び5員環化合物の2量体又は3量体以上の重合生成物に加えて2環芳香族類の2量体又は3量体以上の重合生成物である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 脱水素触媒は、多孔性γ-アルミナ担体に、触媒金属及びアルカリ性金属を担持させた触媒である請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 脱水素触媒は、多孔性γ-アルミナ担体に白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム及びルテニウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種の触媒金属化合物の溶液を含浸させる際に、含浸溶液のpH値を1.8〜3.0の間に調整して行い、触媒化後の貴金属類の金属分散度が60%以上である請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 多孔性γ-アルミナ担体が、アルミナヒドロゲル合成時のスラリー水溶液のpH値をアルミナヒドロゲル溶解pH領域とベーマイトゲル沈殿pH領域との間で交互に変動させると共に、少なくともいずれか一方のpH領域から他方のpH領域へのpH変動に際してアルミナヒドロゲル原料物質を添加してアルミナヒドロゲルの結晶を成長させるpHスイング工程を経て得られたものである請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 触媒金属が白金である請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- アルカリ性金属がカリウムである請求項7〜10のいずれかに記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- 白金の担持量が0.3〜2.0重量%である請求項10又は11に記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
- カリウムの担持量が0.001〜1.0重量%である請求項11又は12に記載の水素の貯蔵輸送システム。
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