JP4759411B2 - Screw press operating method and control device - Google Patents

Screw press operating method and control device Download PDF

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JP4759411B2
JP4759411B2 JP2006063074A JP2006063074A JP4759411B2 JP 4759411 B2 JP4759411 B2 JP 4759411B2 JP 2006063074 A JP2006063074 A JP 2006063074A JP 2006063074 A JP2006063074 A JP 2006063074A JP 4759411 B2 JP4759411 B2 JP 4759411B2
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baffle plate
screw
amount
discharge port
movement
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JP2007237238A (en
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則秀 石橋
祐彰 白石
健太郎 福士
清浩 戸澤
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Hirosawa Machinery Co., Ltd.
Fukoku Kogyo Co Ltd
Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
Okumura Corp
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Hirosawa Machinery Co., Ltd.
Fukoku Kogyo Co Ltd
Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
Okumura Corp
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Description

本発明は、主としてダム湖・港湾・河川の浚渫工事、トンネル掘削工事等で発生する泥土を脱水処理する際に使用するスクリュープレスの運転方法及び制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a screw press operating method and a control device used when dewatering mud generated mainly in dredging work for dam lakes, harbors and rivers, tunnel excavation work, and the like.

スクリュープレスは、円筒状の濾過体と、濾過体内に回転自在に設けられたスクリューとを備え、濾過体内に一端側から供給される被圧搾物をスクリューの回転で濾過体の他端側の排出口に搬送しつつ圧搾するように構成されている。ここで、スクリューの回転速度を低くするほど被圧搾物の圧搾処理時間が長くなって、排出口から排出される被圧搾物（ケーキ）の含水率が低くなる。そこで、従来、汚泥を脱水して焼却処理可能にするために使用するスクリュープレスではあるが、排出口から排出されるケーキの含水率を検出し、この検出値に応じてスクリューの回転速度を調節して、一定の低含水率のケーキを排出口から排出できるようにしたものが知られている（特許文献１参照）。   The screw press includes a cylindrical filter body and a screw rotatably provided in the filter body, and the object to be compressed supplied from one end side to the filter body is discharged on the other end side of the filter body by the rotation of the screw. It is comprised so that it may squeeze while conveying to an exit. Here, the lower the rotational speed of the screw, the longer the time for pressing the pressed object, and the lower the moisture content of the pressed object (cake) discharged from the outlet. Therefore, it is a screw press that is conventionally used to dewater sludge so that it can be incinerated, but it detects the moisture content of the cake discharged from the outlet and adjusts the rotational speed of the screw according to this detected value. And what made it possible to discharge | emit the cake of a fixed low moisture content from a discharge port is known (refer patent document 1).

このようなスクリュープレスを用いてダム湖・港湾・河川の浚渫工事、トンネル掘削工事等で発生する含水率の高い泥土（以下、発生泥土という）を脱水処理すれば、排出口から排出されるケーキの含水率をほぼ一定に管理することが可能になる。発生泥土を脱水処理して得られたケーキは、その強度に応じて、盛土や埋め戻し土として再利用される。再利用するにあたり強度が要求されるのは、上載物を支持し得る程度の強度（地耐力）が必要になるためである。尚、強度はＪＩＳＡ１２２８で規定されるコーン指数で評価され、コーン指数が８００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上のものは第２種建設発生土、４００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上のものは第３種建設発生土、２００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上のものは第４種建設発生土に分類され、夫々再利用の用途が定められる。 If such a screw press is used to dewater muddy soil with a high water content (hereinafter referred to as “generated mud”) generated during dredging work in dam lakes, harbors and rivers, tunnel excavation work, etc., cake discharged from the discharge port It becomes possible to manage the moisture content of the water almost constant. The cake obtained by dewatering the generated mud is reused as embankment or backfill according to its strength. The reason why strength is required for reuse is that strength (ground strength) that can support the overload is required. In addition, the strength is evaluated by the cone index defined by JIS A1228. When the cone index is 800 kN / m 2 or more, the second type construction generated soil, 400 kN / m 2 or more is the third type generated soil, 200 kN / m 2 or more things are classified to the fourth type of construction soil generated, each reuse of applications is determined.

ここで、ケーキの強度は含水率が同じでも土質（粒度組成）によって異なる。例えば、砂混じりの土はそうでない粘性土に比較して強度が低くなる。そして、ダム湖の浚渫土の土質は浚渫場所によって変化し（ダム堤体に近い場所では土粒子が小さく、ダム堤体から離れるに従って土粒子が大きくなる）、トンネル掘削土も掘削場所の地質によって変化する。そのため、これらの泥土をスクリュープレスで脱水処理する際に、ケーキの含水率を一定に管理できても、ケーキの強度を一定に管理することはできず、盛土や埋め戻し土として再利用する上で問題になっている。   Here, the strength of the cake differs depending on the soil (particle size composition) even if the moisture content is the same. For example, sand-mixed soil is less strong than clay soil that is not. And the soil quality of the dredged soil in the dam lake varies depending on the dredging site (the soil particles are small in the place near the dam embankment and the soil particles become larger as you move away from the dam embankment), and the tunnel excavated soil also depends on the geology of the excavation site Change. Therefore, when dewatering these muds with a screw press, even if the moisture content of the cake can be controlled at a constant level, the strength of the cake cannot be controlled at a constant level. It has become a problem.

尚、特許文献１には、ケーキの含水率の間接的な指標として圧搾圧力、スクリューに加わるトルク又はスラスト荷重、スクリューの駆動モータの電流の何れかを検出し、この検出値に応じてスクリューの回転速度を調節する手法も開示されている。然し、この手法によっても、土質によるケーキの強度変化は感知不能であって、ケーキの強度を一定に管理することはできない。
特公平２−２１９２０号公報 In Patent Document 1, as an indirect indicator of the moisture content of the cake, any one of pressing pressure, torque or thrust load applied to the screw, and current of the drive motor of the screw is detected, and the screw's current is detected according to this detected value. A technique for adjusting the rotational speed is also disclosed. However, even with this method, the strength change of the cake due to the soil is not perceivable, and the strength of the cake cannot be controlled to a certain level.
JP-B-2-21920

本発明は、以上の点に鑑み、排出口から排出される被圧搾物（ケーキ）の強度を一定に管理できるようにしたスクリュープレスの運転方法及び制御装置を提供することをその課題としている。   This invention makes it the subject to provide the operating method and control apparatus of the screw press which enabled it to manage uniformly the intensity | strength of the to-be-pressed thing (cake) discharged | emitted from a discharge port in view of the above point.

上記課題を解決するために、第１発明は、円筒状の濾過体と、濾過体内に回転自在に設けられたスクリューとを備え、濾過体内に一端側から供給される被圧搾物をスクリューの回転で濾過体の他端側の排出口に搬送しつつ圧搾するスクリュープレスの運転方法において、排出口から排出される被圧搾物に押されて排出口から離れる方向に移動自在であって、排出口に接近する方向にばねで付勢される邪魔板を備え、排出口から排出される被圧搾物の強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、被圧搾物の要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を定め、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲内に入っているか否かを判別し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲に入っていなければ排出された被圧搾物をスクリュープレスの上流側に戻し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より小さい場合はスクリューの回転速度を上げ、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より大きい場合はスクリューの回転速度を下げることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first invention includes a cylindrical filter body and a screw rotatably provided in the filter body, and the object to be squeezed supplied from one end into the filter body is rotated by the screw. In the operation method of the screw press that squeezes while being conveyed to the discharge port on the other end side of the filter body, it is movable in the direction away from the discharge port by being pressed by the object to be compressed discharged from the discharge port. A baffle plate that is biased by a spring in a direction approaching the squeezing plate, and corresponds to the required strength of the squeezed product based on the correlation between the strength of the squeezed product discharged from the outlet and the amount of movement of the baffle plate. targeted range of moving amount of the baffle plate, to determine whether the amount of movement of the baffle plate is within the target range, the object to be pressed product movement of baffles is ejected if not within the target range Return to the upstream side of the screw press and move the baffle No. is less than the target range, increasing the speed of rotation of the screw, the amount of movement of the baffle plate is larger than the target range is characterized by lowering the rotational speed of the screw.

また、第２発明は、円筒状の濾過体と、濾過体内に回転自在に設けられたスクリューとを備え、濾過体内に一端側から供給される被圧搾物をスクリューの回転で濾過体の他端側の排出口に搬送しつつ圧搾するスクリュープレスの制御装置において、排出口から排出される被圧搾物に押されて排出口から離れる方向に移動自在な邪魔板と、邪魔板が一端に固定された複数のロッドと、各ロッドがそれぞれ挿通されたガイドスリーブと、各ガイドスリーブにそれぞれ内挿され、邪魔板を排出口に接近する方向に付勢するばねと、ガイドスリーブから突出するロッドの他端までの距離を計測して、邪魔板の移動量を検知する検知手段と、排出口から排出される被圧搾物の強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、被圧搾物の要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を定め、検知手段で検知した邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲内に入っているか否かを判別し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲に入っていなければ排出された被圧搾物をスクリュープレスの上流側に戻し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より小さい場合はスクリューの回転速度を上げ、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より大きい場合はスクリューの回転速度を下げる制御手段とを備えることを特徴とする。
Moreover, 2nd invention is equipped with the cylindrical filter body and the screw provided rotatably in the filter body, and the other end of a filter body is rotated by rotation of a screw, and the to-be-squeezed material supplied from one end side in a filter body In a screw press control device that squeezes while being conveyed to the discharge port on the side, a baffle plate that is pushed by the object to be squeezed discharged from the discharge port and movable in a direction away from the discharge port, and the baffle plate are fixed to one end In addition to a plurality of rods, a guide sleeve through which each rod is inserted, a spring that is inserted in each guide sleeve and biases the baffle in a direction approaching the discharge port, and a rod that protrudes from the guide sleeve Based on the correlation between the detection means for measuring the distance to the end and detecting the amount of movement of the baffle and the strength of the object to be squeezed discharged from the outlet and the amount of movement of the baffle, Corresponding to the required strength Targeted range of movement of the baffle, the amount of movement of the baffle plate which is detected by the detection means determines whether or not contained within the target range, the amount of movement of the baffle plate is discharged unless entered the target range the object to be pressed was returned to the upstream side of the screw press was, when the amount of movement of the baffle plate is smaller than the target range increases the rotational speed of the screw, the amount of movement of the baffle plate is larger than the target range lowers the rotational speed of the screw And a control means.

上記邪魔板は排出口から排出される被圧搾物（ケーキ）により排出口から離れる方向にばねの付勢力に抗して押動される。ケーキの強度が低いと、邪魔板が排出口から左程離れないうちにケーキが座屈して崩れ、それ以上邪魔板が押動されなくなり、一方、ケーキの強度が高ければ、排出口から比較的離れた位置までケーキが座屈することなくのびて邪魔板の移動量が大きくなる。従って、排出口からの邪魔板の移動量はケーキの強度と相関性を持つ。また、スクリューの回転速度により被圧搾物の圧搾処理時間を変化させることでケーキの強度は変化する。そのため、被圧搾物たる発生泥土をスクリュープレスで脱水処理する場合、上記第１発明の運転方法ように邪魔板の移動量に応じてスクリューの回転速度を調節することにより、発生泥土の土質に拘わりなくケーキの強度を一定に管理することができる。   The baffle plate is pushed against the urging force of the spring in a direction away from the discharge port by a pressed object (cake) discharged from the discharge port. If the strength of the cake is low, the baffle will buckle and collapse before the baffle plate is far from the outlet, and the baffle will not be pushed any further. The amount of movement of the baffle plate increases as the cake extends to a distant position without buckling. Therefore, the amount of movement of the baffle plate from the outlet has a correlation with the strength of the cake. Moreover, the intensity | strength of a cake changes by changing the pressing processing time of a to-be-pressed thing with the rotational speed of a screw. Therefore, when the generated mud that is to be squeezed is dehydrated with a screw press, the rotational speed of the screw is adjusted according to the amount of movement of the baffle as in the operation method of the first invention, so that The strength of the cake can be managed at a constant level.

そして、排出口から排出される被圧搾物の強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、被圧搾物の要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を定め、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲内になるようにスクリューの回転速度を調節することにより、要求強度のケーキを得ることができる。従って、発生泥土をスクリュープレスにより脱水処理するだけで簡便に盛土や埋め戻し土として再利用することができる。   Then, based on the correlation between the strength of the object to be squeezed discharged from the outlet and the amount of movement of the baffle, a target range of the amount of movement of the baffle corresponding to the required strength of the object to be squeezed is determined. A cake having the required strength can be obtained by adjusting the rotational speed of the screw so that the amount of movement is within the target range. Therefore, the generated mud can be easily reused as embankment or backfill by simply dehydrating it with a screw press.

この場合、邪魔板の移動量を目視確認してスクリューの回転速度を手動調節することも可能であるが、上記第２発明の制御装置によれば、邪魔板の移動量に応じてスクリューの回転速度を自動的に調節して、ケーキの強度をより高精度に管理することができる。   In this case, it is possible to visually check the amount of movement of the baffle plate and manually adjust the rotation speed of the screw. However, according to the control device of the second aspect of the invention, the rotation of the screw according to the amount of movement of the baffle plate. The speed can be adjusted automatically to control the strength of the cake with higher accuracy.

また、第２発明において、排出口から排出される被圧搾物、即ち、ケーキの強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、ケーキの要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を設定する設定手段を備え、制御手段が、検知手段で検知した邪魔板の移動量が設定手段で設定された目標範囲内になるようにスクリューの回転速度を調節する機能を有するように構成されていれば、要求強度のケーキを確実に得ることができる。   In the second invention, the target of the amount of movement of the baffle plate corresponding to the required strength of the cake based on the correlation between the pressed object discharged from the discharge port, that is, the strength of the cake and the amount of movement of the baffle plate A setting means for setting a range is provided, and the control means has a function of adjusting the rotational speed of the screw so that the amount of movement of the baffle plate detected by the detection means falls within the target range set by the setting means. If it is done, a cake having the required strength can be obtained with certainty.

尚、後述する実施形態において、上記設定手段に相当するのは図４のＳ４のステップである。   In the embodiment described later, the step corresponding to the setting means is step S4 in FIG.

以下、本発明の実施形態を添付図面を参照して説明する。図１、図２は本実施形態で使用するスクリュープレスを示している。このスクリュープレスは、架台１上に配置したパンチングメタル等で形成される円筒状の濾過体２と、この濾過体２内に回転自在に設けられたスクリュー３とを備えている。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show a screw press used in this embodiment. This screw press includes a cylindrical filter body 2 formed of a punching metal or the like disposed on the gantry 1 and a screw 3 provided rotatably in the filter body 2.

濾過体２の一端、即ち、前端側の部分には、発生泥土等から成る被圧搾物を投入する投入口２１が設けられ、濾過体１の後端は、図３に示す如く、排出口２２として後方に開口している。また、濾過体２の周囲には補強枠２３が設けられている。尚、被圧搾物たる発生泥土は適宜凝集剤を混入した状態で投入口２１に投入される。   At one end of the filter body 2, that is, at the front end side, an input port 21 through which a material to be squeezed made of generated mud or the like is introduced is provided, and the rear end of the filter body 1 is a discharge port 22 as shown in FIG. As it opens to the rear. A reinforcing frame 23 is provided around the filter body 2. In addition, the generated mud as the material to be compressed is charged into the charging port 21 in a state where a flocculant is appropriately mixed.

スクリュー３は、濾過体１の一端側から他端に排出口１２に向けて次第に拡径するテーパー状のスクリュー軸３１と、スクリュー軸３１の外周面に固定した螺旋状のスクリュー羽根３２とで構成される。スクリュー軸３１には、排出口２２の後方位置で駆動軸３３が連結されている。駆動軸３３にはスプロケット３４が固定されており、このスプロケット３４にチェーン３５を介して連結される駆動モータ３６が架台１に搭載されている。かくして、駆動モータ３６により駆動軸３３を介してスクリュー３が回転駆動される。   The screw 3 includes a tapered screw shaft 31 that gradually increases in diameter from one end side to the other end of the filter body 1 toward the discharge port 12, and a helical screw blade 32 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the screw shaft 31. Is done. A drive shaft 33 is connected to the screw shaft 31 at a position behind the discharge port 22. A sprocket 34 is fixed to the drive shaft 33, and a drive motor 36 connected to the sprocket 34 via a chain 35 is mounted on the gantry 1. Thus, the screw 3 is rotationally driven by the drive motor 36 via the drive shaft 33.

スクリュー３を回転させると、投入口２１から供給された被圧搾物がスクリュー羽根３２による送り作用で濾過体２内を排出口２２に向けて搬送される。ここで、濾過体２２とスクリュー軸３１との間の空間は排出口２２に向けて次第に狭くなっており、そのため、被圧搾物は排出口２２に向けて搬送されつつ圧搾される。被圧搾物中の水等の液体は濾過体２を通して搾り出され、濾過体２の下方に配置した濾液受け４に落下する。   When the screw 3 is rotated, the object to be squeezed supplied from the input port 21 is conveyed toward the discharge port 22 through the filter body 2 by a feeding action by the screw blade 32. Here, the space between the filter body 22 and the screw shaft 31 is gradually narrowed toward the discharge port 22, so that the object to be compressed is compressed while being conveyed toward the discharge port 22. Liquid such as water in the object to be squeezed is squeezed out through the filter body 2 and falls into the filtrate receiver 4 disposed below the filter body 2.

また、本実施形態では、排出口２２から排出される被圧搾物（以下、ケーキという）に押されて排出口２２から離れる方向、即ち、後方に移動自在な邪魔板５を備えている。邪魔板５は、図３に示す如く、排出口２２から突出するスクリュー軸３１の部分に外挿されるコーン形の環状板で構成されている。また、邪魔板５には、駆動軸３３用の軸受３７を取り付けた架台１上の支持板１１に向けて後方にのびる上下一対のロッド５１，５１が固定されている。そして、支持板１１に、ロッド５１，５１を挿通する上下一対のガイドスリーブ５２，５２を取り付け、両ガイドスリーブ５２，５２により邪魔板５を前後方向に移動自在に支持している。   Moreover, in this embodiment, the baffle plate 5 which is pushed by the to-be-squeezed object (henceforth a cake) discharged | emitted from the discharge port 22, and leaves | separates from the discharge port 22, ie, the baffle plate 5 movable back is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the baffle plate 5 is composed of a cone-shaped annular plate that is externally inserted into a portion of the screw shaft 31 protruding from the discharge port 22. In addition, a pair of upper and lower rods 51 and 51 extending backward are fixed to the baffle plate 5 toward the support plate 11 on the gantry 1 to which the bearing 37 for the drive shaft 33 is attached. Then, a pair of upper and lower guide sleeves 52, 52 through which the rods 51, 51 are inserted is attached to the support plate 11, and the baffle plate 5 is supported by the guide sleeves 52, 52 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.

各ガイドスリーブ５２にはコイルスプリングから成るばね５３が内挿されており、このばね５３によりロッド５１を介して邪魔板５が排出口２２に接近する方向、即ち、前方に付勢される。また、支持板１１より後方に位置する架台１上の支持板１２に、ガイドスリーブ５２の後方に突出するロッド５１の後端までの距離を計測する超音波式の距離計６を取り付けている。図３に仮想線で示すように、邪魔板５が後方に移動すると、距離計６で計測されるロッド５１の後端までの距離が変化し、これにより邪魔板５の移動量Ｌを検知できる。距離計６の検出信号は、スクリュー３用の駆動モータ３６を制御するコントローラ７に入力される。   Each guide sleeve 52 is inserted with a spring 53 made of a coil spring, and the spring 53 biases the baffle plate 5 toward the discharge port 22 via the rod 51, that is, forward. Further, an ultrasonic distance meter 6 for measuring the distance to the rear end of the rod 51 protruding rearward of the guide sleeve 52 is attached to the support plate 12 on the gantry 1 located behind the support plate 11. As shown by the phantom line in FIG. 3, when the baffle plate 5 moves backward, the distance to the rear end of the rod 51 measured by the distance meter 6 changes, whereby the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 can be detected. . The detection signal of the distance meter 6 is input to the controller 7 that controls the drive motor 36 for the screw 3.

ここで、邪魔板５は排出口２２から排出されるケーキＣからの押圧力を受けてばね５３の付勢力に抗して後方に押動されるが、ケーキＣの強度が低いと、邪魔板５が排出口２２から左程離れないうちにケーキＣが座屈して崩れ、それ以上邪魔板５が押動されなくなる。一方、ケーキＣの強度が高ければ、排出口２２から比較的離れた位置までケーキＣが座屈することなくのびて邪魔板５の移動量が大きくなる。従って、排出口２２からの邪魔板５の移動量ＬはケーキＣの強度と相関性を持つ。   Here, the baffle plate 5 receives a pressing force from the cake C discharged from the discharge port 22 and is pushed backward against the urging force of the spring 53. However, if the strength of the cake C is low, the baffle plate The cake C buckles and collapses before 5 is not far left from the discharge port 22, and the baffle plate 5 is not pushed any further. On the other hand, if the strength of the cake C is high, the cake C does not buckle to a position relatively far from the discharge port 22, and the amount of movement of the baffle plate 5 increases. Therefore, the moving amount L of the baffle plate 5 from the discharge port 22 has a correlation with the strength of the cake C.

この相関性を調べるため、上記スクリュープレスにより種々の土質の発生泥土の脱水処理を行い下記表１の結果を得た。   In order to investigate this correlation, dewatering treatment was performed on the generated mud of various soils using the screw press, and the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.

Figure 0004759411
Figure 0004759411

また、表１の邪魔板５の移動量Ｌとケーキのコーン指数との関係を図５にグラフで示した。同図から明らかなように、邪魔板５の移動量Ｌとケーキのコーン指数との間には高い相関関係が成立する。図５のａ線は近似曲線である。尚、＃３と＃４のケーキは含水率が同一であるがコーン指数は大きく異なっている。これはケーキに含まれる砂分の割合が異なるためであり、含水率でケーキの強度を推定することはできないことが分かる。   The relationship between the amount of movement L of the baffle plate 5 in Table 1 and the cone index of the cake is shown graphically in FIG. As is clear from the figure, a high correlation is established between the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 and the cone index of the cake. The a line in FIG. 5 is an approximate curve. The # 3 and # 4 cakes have the same moisture content, but the corn index is greatly different. This is because the ratio of the sand contained in the cake is different, and it can be seen that the strength of the cake cannot be estimated by the moisture content.

ここで、発生泥土を脱水処理したケーキを盛土として再利用するには、ケーキのコーン指数を第４種建設発生土に相当する２００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上にすることが要求される。邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが４７ｍｍ以上になるようにスクリュー３の回転速度を調節すれば、土質に関係なく２００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上のコーン指数のケーキを得ることができる。この場合、邪魔板５の移動量Ｌを目視確認して、この移動量Ｌが４７ｍｍ以上になるようにスクリュー３の回転速度を手動調節することも可能であるが、本実施形態では、邪魔板５の移動量Ｌを検知する検知手段として上記の如く距離計６を設け、制御手段たるコントローラ７により邪魔板５の移動量Ｌに応じてスクリュー３の回転速度を自動調節するようにしている。 Here, in order to reuse the cake obtained by dewatering the generated mud soil as the embankment, it is required that the cone index of the cake be 200 kN / m 2 or more corresponding to the fourth type construction generated soil. If the rotational speed of the screw 3 is adjusted so that the amount of movement L of the baffle plate 5 is 47 mm or more, a cake having a cone index of 200 kN / m 2 or more can be obtained regardless of the soil quality. In this case, it is possible to visually check the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 and manually adjust the rotational speed of the screw 3 so that the movement amount L is 47 mm or more. As described above, the distance meter 6 is provided as a detection means for detecting the movement amount L of 5 and the rotation speed of the screw 3 is automatically adjusted by the controller 7 as the control means in accordance with the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5.

以下、コントローラ７によるスクリュー３の回転制御について図４を参照して説明する。先ず、Ｓ１のステップにおいて駆動モータ３６を起動して、スクリュー３を所定の初期設定速度で回転させ、Ｓ２のステップで距離計６からの信号により邪魔板５の移動量Ｌを計測する。また、Ｓ３のステップでケーキの要求コーン指数が図外の入力手段で指示されると、Ｓ４のステップで要求コーン指数に対応する邪魔板５の移動量の目標範囲Ａを設定する。ここで、コントローラ７には、予め実験で求めたケーキのコーン指数と邪魔板５の移動量Ｌとの相関関係を表す図５のａ線で示すようなデータテーブルが格納されており、Ｓ４のステップにおいて、このデータテーブルを検索して要求コーン指数に対応する邪魔板５の移動量の目標範囲Ａを設定する。   Hereinafter, rotation control of the screw 3 by the controller 7 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the drive motor 36 is started in step S1, the screw 3 is rotated at a predetermined initial setting speed, and the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 is measured by a signal from the distance meter 6 in step S2. When the requested cone index of the cake is instructed by an input unit (not shown) in step S3, a target range A of the movement amount of the baffle plate 5 corresponding to the requested cone index is set in step S4. Here, the controller 7 stores a data table as shown by the a line in FIG. 5 representing the correlation between the cake cone index and the amount of movement L of the baffle plate 5 obtained in advance in the experiment. In the step, the data table is searched to set a target range A of the movement amount of the baffle plate 5 corresponding to the requested cone index.

次に、Ｓ５のステップにおいて、計測された邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが目標範囲Ａ内に入っているか否かを判別し、目標範囲Ａ内に入っていなければ、Ｓ６のステップで排出ケーキをスクリュープレスの上流側に戻す指令を出した後、Ｓ７のステップで邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが目標範囲Ａを上回っているか否かを判別する。そして、Ｌ＞Ａであれば、Ｓ８のステップでスクリュー３の回転速度を一段階段上げてＳ２のステップに戻る。スクリュー３の回転速度を上げると、被圧搾物の圧搾処理時間が短くなってケーキの強度が低下し、Ｓ２のステップからＳ８のステップまでの処理の繰り返しで邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが減少して目標範囲Ａ内に入るようになる。また、Ｓ７のステップでＬ＜Ａであると判別されたときは、Ｓ９のステップでスクリュー３の回転速度を一段階下げてＳ２のステップに戻る。スクリュー３の回転速度を下げると、被圧搾物の圧搾処理時間が長くなってケーキの強度が上がり、Ｓ２のステップからＳ９のステップまでの処理の繰り返しで邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが増加して目標範囲Ａ内に入るようになる。   Next, in step S5, it is determined whether or not the measured movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 is within the target range A. If it is not within the target range A, the discharged cake is removed in step S6. After issuing a command to return to the upstream side of the screw press, it is determined whether or not the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 exceeds the target range A in step S7. If L> A, the rotational speed of the screw 3 is increased by one step in step S8, and the process returns to step S2. When the rotational speed of the screw 3 is increased, the pressing time of the object to be compressed is shortened, and the strength of the cake is reduced. The movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 is reduced by repeating the processing from the step S2 to the step S8. To come within the target range A. If it is determined in step S7 that L <A, the rotational speed of the screw 3 is decreased by one step in step S9 and the process returns to step S2. When the rotational speed of the screw 3 is decreased, the pressing time of the object to be compressed is increased, the strength of the cake is increased, and the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 is increased by repeating the processing from the step S2 to the step S9. It comes within the target range A.

邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが目標範囲Ａ内に入っているときは、Ｓ５のステップからＳ１０のステップに進んでスクリュープレスの停止指示の有無を判別する。そして、停止指示が出されるまではＳ２のステップに戻って上述の処理を繰り返し、停止指示が出されたときは、Ｓ１１のステップでスクリュー３を停止する。   When the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 is within the target range A, the process proceeds from step S5 to step S10 to determine whether or not there is a screw press stop instruction. The process returns to step S2 until the stop instruction is issued, and the above process is repeated. When the stop instruction is issued, the screw 3 is stopped at step S11.

尚、Ｓ８、Ｓ９のステップにおいてスクリュー３の回転速度を上げ下げする際、邪魔板５の移動量Ｌの目標範囲Ａからの逸脱量を算出し、この逸脱量に応じてスクリュー３の回転速度の変化幅を可変するようにしても良い。   When the rotational speed of the screw 3 is increased or decreased in steps S8 and S9, the deviation amount of the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 from the target range A is calculated, and the rotational speed change of the screw 3 is changed according to the deviation amount. The width may be variable.

以上、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。例えば、上記実施形態では、邪魔板５としてコーン形の環状板を用いたが、平板状の環状板で邪魔板を構成しても良い。但し、コーン形の邪魔板５を用いれば、ケーキが径方向に押し広げられて崩れやすくなり、強度の高いケーキでも邪魔板５の移動量Ｌが極端に大きくならない。従って、邪魔板５のストロークを左程長く確保する必要がなく、スクリュープレスの大型化を回避することができる。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described with reference to drawings, this invention is not limited to this. For example, although the cone-shaped annular plate is used as the baffle plate 5 in the above embodiment, the baffle plate may be formed of a flat annular plate. However, if the cone-shaped baffle plate 5 is used, the cake is easily spread and collapsed in the radial direction, and the movement amount L of the baffle plate 5 does not become extremely large even for a cake having a high strength. Therefore, it is not necessary to ensure the stroke of the baffle plate 5 as long as it goes to the left, and an increase in the size of the screw press can be avoided.

また、上記実施形態では、邪魔板５の移動量Ｌを検知する検知手段として超音波式の距離計６を用いているが、光波距離計を用いることも可能であり、更には、邪魔板５に連動する測定子を有するポテンショメータを用いることも可能である。また、上記実施形態では、邪魔板５を排出口２２に接近する方向に付勢するばね５３としてコイルスプリングを用いているが、ウレタンゴムやエアばね等を用いることも可能である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the ultrasonic distance meter 6 is used as a detection means which detects the moving amount L of the baffle plate 5, it is also possible to use a light wave distance meter, Furthermore, the baffle plate 5 is used. It is also possible to use a potentiometer having a probe linked to the. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the coil spring is used as the spring 53 which urges | biases the baffle plate 5 in the direction which approaches the discharge port 22, urethane rubber, an air spring, etc. can also be used.

本発明の実施形態の制御装置を具備するスクリュープレスの側面図。A side view of a screw press provided with a control device of an embodiment of the present invention. 図１のスクリュープレスの平面図。The top view of the screw press of FIG. 図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線で切断した拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view cut | disconnected by the III-III line of FIG. 実施形態の制御装置によるスクリューの回転制御プログラムを示すフロー図。The flowchart which shows the rotation control program of the screw by the control apparatus of embodiment. 邪魔板の移動量とケーキのコーン指数との関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the relationship between the movement amount of a baffle plate, and the cone index of a cake.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２…濾過体、２２…排出口、３…スクリュー、５…邪魔板、５３…ばね、６…距離計（検知手段）、７…コントローラ（制御手段）。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Filter body, 22 ... Discharge port, 3 ... Screw, 5 ... Baffle plate, 53 ... Spring, 6 ... Distance meter (detection means), 7 ... Controller (control means).

Claims (2)

円筒状の濾過体と、濾過体内に回転自在に設けられたスクリューとを備え、濾過体内に一端側から供給される被圧搾物をスクリューの回転で濾過体の他端側の排出口に搬送しつつ圧搾するスクリュープレスの運転方法において、
排出口から排出される被圧搾物に押されて排出口から離れる方向に移動自在であって、排出口に接近する方向にばねで付勢される邪魔板を備え、排出口から排出される被圧搾物の強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、被圧搾物の要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を定め、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲内に入っているか否かを判別し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲に入っていなければ排出された被圧搾物をスクリュープレスの上流側に戻し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より小さい場合はスクリューの回転速度を上げ、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より大きい場合はスクリューの回転速度を下げることを特徴とするスクリュープレスの運転方法。 A cylindrical filter body and a screw rotatably provided in the filter body are provided, and an object to be squeezed supplied from one end side into the filter body is conveyed to a discharge port on the other end side of the filter body by rotation of the screw. In the operating method of the screw press that squeezes while
A baffle plate that is pushed by the object to be discharged from the discharge port and is movable in a direction away from the discharge port and is biased by a spring in a direction approaching the discharge port , and is discharged from the discharge port. Based on the correlation between the strength of the pressed object and the amount of movement of the baffle, the target range of the amount of movement of the baffle corresponding to the required strength of the object to be pressed is determined, and the amount of movement of the baffle is within the target range. If the movement amount of the baffle plate is not within the target range, the discharged pressed object is returned to the upstream side of the screw press, and if the movement amount of the baffle plate is smaller than the target range, the screw is rotated. A method of operating a screw press, characterized by increasing the speed and decreasing the rotational speed of the screw when the amount of movement of the baffle plate is larger than the target range . 円筒状の濾過体と、濾過体内に回転自在に設けられたスクリューとを備え、濾過体内に一端側から供給される被圧搾物をスクリューの回転で濾過体の他端側の排出口に搬送しつつ圧搾するスクリュープレスの制御装置において、
排出口から排出される被圧搾物に押されて排出口から離れる方向に移動自在な邪魔板と、
邪魔板が一端に固定された複数のロッドと、
各ロッドがそれぞれ挿通されたガイドスリーブと、
各ガイドスリーブにそれぞれ内挿され、邪魔板を排出口に接近する方向に付勢するばねと、
ガイドスリーブから突出するロッドの他端までの距離を計測して、邪魔板の移動量を検知する検知手段と、
排出口から排出される被圧搾物の強度と邪魔板の移動量との相関関係に基づいて、被圧搾物の要求強度に対応する邪魔板の移動量の目標範囲を定め、検知手段で検知した邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲内に入っているか否かを判別し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲に入っていなければ排出された被圧搾物をスクリュープレスの上流側に戻し、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より小さい場合はスクリューの回転速度を上げ、邪魔板の移動量が目標範囲より大きい場合はスクリューの回転速度を下げる制御手段とを備えることを特徴とするスクリュープレスの制御装置。 A cylindrical filter body and a screw rotatably provided in the filter body are provided, and an object to be squeezed supplied from one end side into the filter body is conveyed to a discharge port on the other end side of the filter body by rotation of the screw. In the control device of the screw press that squeezes while
A baffle plate that is pushed by the object to be squeezed from the discharge port and is movable in a direction away from the discharge port;
A plurality of rods with baffles fixed at one end;
A guide sleeve in which each rod is inserted,
A spring that is inserted in each guide sleeve and biases the baffle plate in a direction approaching the discharge port;
Detecting means for measuring the distance from the guide sleeve to the other end of the rod protruding from the guide sleeve, and detecting the amount of movement of the baffle plate;
Based on the correlation between the strength of the pressed object discharged from the discharge port and the movement amount of the baffle plate, a target range of the moving amount of the baffle plate corresponding to the required strength of the pressed object is determined and detected by the detection means It is determined whether or not the movement amount of the baffle plate is within the target range. If the movement amount of the baffle plate is not within the target range, the discharged pressed object is returned to the upstream side of the screw press, and the baffle plate A control device for a screw press, comprising: control means for increasing the rotational speed of the screw when the moving amount is smaller than the target range, and decreasing the rotational speed of the screw when the moving amount of the baffle plate is larger than the target range .
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CN104010977B (en) * 2011-09-06 2016-04-20 安纳科股份有限公司 Dewatering and device

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