JP4622901B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

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JP4622901B2
JP4622901B2 JP2006073807A JP2006073807A JP4622901B2 JP 4622901 B2 JP4622901 B2 JP 4622901B2 JP 2006073807 A JP2006073807 A JP 2006073807A JP 2006073807 A JP2006073807 A JP 2006073807A JP 4622901 B2 JP4622901 B2 JP 4622901B2
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heat exchanger
outdoor
refrigerant
way valve
outdoor heat
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JP2007247997A (en
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徳哉 浅田
義和 西原
康裕 中村
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプ運転による暖房運転時において、暖房を継続しながら室外熱交換器に付着した霜を除霜する除霜運転を行うことができる空気調和装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an air conditioner capable of performing a defrosting operation for defrosting frost adhering to an outdoor heat exchanger while heating is continued during a heating operation by a heat pump operation.

従来、この種のヒートポンプ式空気調和装置の除霜方式は、一般的に四方弁を切り換え、冷凍サイクルの冷媒を逆方向に流す除霜方式をとっている。   Conventionally, the defrosting method of this type of heat pump type air conditioner generally uses a defrosting method in which the four-way valve is switched and the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle is flowed in the reverse direction.

即ち、除霜運転は冷房時と同じ冷媒の流動方向とし、室外熱交換器に高温高圧の冷媒を流して、室外熱交換器に付着した霜を融解するものである。   That is, in the defrosting operation, the flow direction of the refrigerant is the same as that during cooling, and a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is passed through the outdoor heat exchanger to melt the frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger.

この除霜方式では、除霜時は室内側の熱交換器が蒸発器となるため、室内の部屋の温度が低下して冷風感を感じるという基本的課題があった。   In this defrosting method, since the indoor heat exchanger becomes an evaporator during defrosting, there is a basic problem that the temperature of the room in the room is lowered and a feeling of cold air is felt.

この基本的課題への対策として、暖房継続しながら除霜運転する発明が考えられてきた(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   As a countermeasure against this basic problem, an invention of performing a defrosting operation while continuing heating has been considered (for example, see Patent Document 1).

図7は従来の空気調和装置の冷凍サイクルの構成図である。   FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a conventional air conditioner.

図7に示すように、圧縮機101、四方弁102、室内熱交換器110、膨張機構105および室外熱交換器103を冷媒回路で連結してなるヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルにおいて、この冷凍サイクルにおける膨張機構105と室外熱交換器103の間と、圧縮機101の吸入側の間を連結し、冷媒加熱器104を有する冷媒加熱回路と、冷凍サイクルにおける圧縮機101の吐出側と室外熱交換器103と四方弁102の間を連結する除霜用回路109とから構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 7, in a heat pump refrigeration cycle in which a compressor 101, a four-way valve 102, an indoor heat exchanger 110, an expansion mechanism 105, and an outdoor heat exchanger 103 are connected by a refrigerant circuit, an expansion mechanism in this refrigeration cycle. 105 and the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and between the suction side of the compressor 101, a refrigerant heating circuit having a refrigerant heater 104, the discharge side of the compressor 101 and the outdoor heat exchanger 103 in the refrigeration cycle, A defrosting circuit 109 that connects the four-way valves 102 is formed.

冷凍サイクルのヒートポンプ運転時において室外熱交換器103の除霜を行う際、冷媒加熱器104によって加熱された冷媒が、圧縮機101を通った後、室内熱交換器110を通る流れと除霜用回路109から室外熱交換器103を通る流れとに分岐され、これらの分岐した冷媒の流れが冷媒加熱回路の入口で合流し、再び冷媒加熱器104によって加熱されるように構成されている発明が開示されている。   When defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 103 during the heat pump operation of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater 104 passes through the compressor 101 and then flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and defrosting. An invention in which the circuit 109 is branched into a flow passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and the flow of these branched refrigerants merges at the inlet of the refrigerant heating circuit and is heated by the refrigerant heater 104 again. It is disclosed.

上記発明で課題として取り上げられているように、ヒートポンプ運転を行った際の室外機の除霜運転を行うときに、暖房を継続しながら、除霜運転を行うことは条件が決まれば可能である。
特開平11−182994号公報(図4)
As taken up as a problem in the above invention, when performing a defrosting operation of the outdoor unit when performing a heat pump operation, it is possible to perform the defrosting operation while continuing the heating if conditions are determined. .
JP-A-11-182994 (FIG. 4)

しかしながら、前記従来の構成では、次のような課題が発生する。   However, the conventional configuration has the following problems.

この冷凍サイクルの構成は、除霜運転を行う際に、二方弁109aを開放にして、室外熱交換器103と四方弁102との間に圧縮機101の吐出冷媒が流れることになるため、圧縮機吸入側に除霜するホットガス冷媒が流れないように二方弁106が必要となる。   In this refrigeration cycle, when the defrosting operation is performed, the two-way valve 109a is opened, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 flows between the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the four-way valve 102. The two-way valve 106 is necessary so that the hot gas refrigerant to be defrosted does not flow to the compressor suction side.

二方弁106は圧縮機101の吸入側に連結され、冷房および暖房運転の圧損を低減するためには口径の大きな二方弁106を採用することとなり、非常に高価な二方弁となってしまう。   The two-way valve 106 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 101, and in order to reduce the pressure loss during cooling and heating operation, the two-way valve 106 having a large diameter is adopted, which makes the two-way valve very expensive. End up.

またヒートポンプ運転から二方弁108を開放させて冷媒加熱運転に切り換え、除霜運転を行う方式で室外熱交換器103の冷媒の流れが逆転するため、除霜運転を行う前に二方弁107を一端閉運転とする必要があり、この室外熱交換器103の入口に二方弁107が必要となる。   In addition, the two-way valve 108 is opened from the heat pump operation to switch to the refrigerant heating operation, and the refrigerant flow in the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is reversed in the method of performing the defrosting operation. Must be closed at one end, and a two-way valve 107 is required at the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 103.

したがって、この冷凍サイクルでは4個もの二方弁が必要となり、複雑で高価な方式となる。   Therefore, this refrigeration cycle requires as many as four two-way valves, which is a complicated and expensive method.

また除霜に供された後の冷媒と室内熱交換器110で放熱した後の冷媒が合流するため、合流箇所における冷媒圧力が除霜に供された後の冷媒の圧力よりも高ければ、室外熱交換器に冷媒が流れ、逆であれば室内側に冷媒が流れることになり、暖房しながら除霜運転を行うことが出来ない場合が発生する。   In addition, since the refrigerant after being defrosted and the refrigerant after being radiated by the indoor heat exchanger 110 merge, if the refrigerant pressure at the joining point is higher than the pressure of the refrigerant after being defrosted, If the refrigerant flows through the heat exchanger and vice versa, the refrigerant will flow into the room, and the defrosting operation may not be performed while heating.

また、除霜に供された後の冷媒と室内熱交換器110で放熱した後の冷媒が合流するため、冷媒音が発生しやすく、前記の圧力バランスの課題と冷媒音課題を解決するために冷媒合流器を必要とする場合が考えられる。   In addition, since the refrigerant after being defrosted and the refrigerant radiated by the indoor heat exchanger 110 join together, refrigerant noise is likely to occur, and in order to solve the above pressure balance problem and refrigerant noise problem The case where a refrigerant merger is required can be considered.

また、前記合流箇所では冷媒循環量が多くなり圧力損失が増加するため、その対策として配管の管径を大きくすることが必要となり、加熱器が大型になってしまうという構造的課題もある。   Moreover, since the refrigerant circulation amount increases and the pressure loss increases at the junction, it is necessary to increase the pipe diameter as a countermeasure, and there is a structural problem that the heater becomes large.

また、冷房回路で運転すると冷媒加熱器104の配管内部は、低圧冷媒で安定して冷媒加熱器104の温度が低下することから冷媒加熱器104に結露する場合や二方弁108が故障で冷媒漏れを発生した場合でも冷媒加熱器に結露が発生して冷媒加熱器の信頼性、安全性に大きな問題がある。   In addition, when the cooling circuit is operated, the inside of the pipe of the refrigerant heater 104 is stabilized with the low-pressure refrigerant, and the temperature of the refrigerant heater 104 is decreased. Therefore, when the dew condensation occurs on the refrigerant heater 104 or the two-way valve 108 breaks down, Even when leakage occurs, condensation occurs in the refrigerant heater, and there is a big problem in the reliability and safety of the refrigerant heater.

更に、この冷凍サイクルの構成は、除霜運転を行う際に、効率的に除霜を行うように室外送風機を停止させるのが一般的であるが、昨今住宅性能および暖房能力の向上により外気温度が極低温になるような地域でもヒートポンプ式空気調和機が採用されており、このような場合、除霜時の気化水分が蒸発して、極低温の外気に近接している室外機上部で冷やされて再氷結して成長し、送風回路を覆いつくすなどして、性能低下をまねくことがあった。   Further, in this refrigeration cycle configuration, when performing a defrosting operation, it is common to stop the outdoor blower so as to efficiently perform the defrosting. Even in areas where the temperature is extremely low, heat pump air conditioners are used.In such a case, the vaporized water during defrosting evaporates and cools at the top of the outdoor unit close to the cryogenic outside air. In some cases, it re-freezes and grows, covering the blower circuit, etc., leading to performance degradation.

本発明は、従来技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、冷凍サイクルが簡単なバイパス回路で構成でき、冷媒音、圧力バランスの問題も発生しない安定した除霜運転を、極低温条件でも除霜性能を確保しながら暖房運転を継続できる空気調和装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art. A stable defrosting operation in which the refrigeration cycle can be configured with a simple bypass circuit and the problem of refrigerant noise and pressure balance does not occur. It aims at providing the air conditioning apparatus which can continue heating operation, ensuring defrosting performance also in low temperature conditions.

前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和装置は、圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、減圧器、室外熱交換器を冷媒回路で連結したヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルと、室内機と室外機にそれぞれ送風機を具備させ、この冷凍サイクルに連結された前記室内熱交換器と前記減圧器の間と前記四方弁と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第1のバイパス回路を設け、前記第1のバイパス回路に二方弁及び冷媒加熱器を設け、さらに前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記四方弁と前記室内熱交換器の間と、前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間、または前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記圧縮機と前記四方弁の間と、前記減圧器
と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第2のバイパス回路を設け、前記第2のバイパス回路に二方弁を設け、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行う際、前記第1のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して冷媒加熱器で加熱された冷媒を前記圧縮機の吸入側に流す第1のバイパス運転の後で所定時間経過後に、前記第1のバイパス運転に加えて、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して前記室外熱交換器に冷媒を通過させる第2のバイパス運転を行い、前記室外熱交換器を除霜し、前記室外送風機を断続運転して前記室外熱交換器を除霜するとともに前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出した後に、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を閉鎖して前記第1のバイパス運転のみを行い、前記室外送風機を連続運転にすることを特徴とするものである。
In order to solve the conventional problems, an air conditioner of the present invention includes a heat pump refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a refrigerant circuit, and an indoor unit And a first bypass circuit for connecting between the indoor heat exchanger and the decompressor connected to the refrigeration cycle, and between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger. The first bypass circuit is provided with a two-way valve and a refrigerant heater, and is further connected between the four-way valve connected to the refrigeration cycle and the indoor heat exchanger, and between the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger. Or a second bypass circuit that connects between the compressor and the four-way valve connected to the refrigeration cycle and between the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger is provided. Provided outdoor valve When defrosting the compressor, a predetermined time elapses after the first bypass operation in which the two-way valve of the first bypass circuit is opened and the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater flows to the suction side of the compressor Later, in addition to the first bypass operation, a second bypass operation is performed in which the two-way valve of the second bypass circuit is opened to allow the refrigerant to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger is After defrosting, intermittently operating the outdoor fan to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and exhausting vaporized water to the outside of the outdoor unit, the two-way valve of the second bypass circuit is closed and the Only the first bypass operation is performed, and the outdoor fan is continuously operated .

これによって、冷凍サイクルが簡単なバイパス回路で構成でき、暖房運転を継続しながら冷媒音、圧力バランスの問題も発生しない安定した除霜運転を実施しつつ、除霜時の気化水分を送風機で排出できる。また除霜運転中に室外送風機を運転させることで、室外送風機まわりの氷霜を溶かすことができる。 As a result, the refrigeration cycle can be configured with a simple bypass circuit, and while the heating operation is continued, the dehumidified moisture is discharged by the blower while performing the stable defrosting operation without causing the problem of refrigerant noise and pressure balance. it can. Moreover, the ice frost around the outdoor fan can be melted by operating the outdoor fan during the defrosting operation.

本発明の空気調和装置は、冷凍サイクルが簡単なバイパス回路で構成でき、極低温条件でも暖房運転を継続しながら冷媒音、圧力バランスの問題も発生しない安定した除霜運転を実施しつつ、除霜時の気化水分の再氷結及びこれに伴う送風回路の性能低下を防止することができ、厳寒期でも十分、高暖房性能、高効率の空気調和装置を提供できる。   The air conditioner according to the present invention can be configured with a bypass circuit with a simple refrigeration cycle, and performs a defrosting operation while performing a stable defrosting operation that does not cause problems of refrigerant noise and pressure balance while continuing heating operation even at extremely low temperature conditions. It is possible to prevent re-freezing of vaporized water during frosting and the accompanying performance deterioration of the blower circuit, and to provide an air conditioner with sufficient high heating performance and high efficiency even in severe cold seasons.

第1の発明は、圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、減圧器、室外熱交換器を冷媒回路で連結したヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルと、室内機と室外機にそれぞれ送風機を具備させ、この冷凍サイクルに連結された前記室内熱交換器と前記減圧器の間と前記四方弁と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第1のバイパス回路を設け、前記第1のバイパス回路に二方弁及び冷媒加熱器を設け、さらに前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記四方弁と前記室内熱交換器の間と、前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間、または前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記圧縮機と前記四方弁の間と、前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第2のバイパス回路を設け、前記第2のバイパス回路に二方弁を設け、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行う際、前記第1のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して冷媒加熱器で加熱された冷媒を前記圧縮機の吸入側に流す第1のバイパス運転の後で所定時間経過後に、前記第1のバイパス運転に加えて、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して前記室外熱交換器に冷媒を通過させる第2のバイパス運転を行い、前記室外送風機を断続運転して前記室外熱交換器を除霜するとともに前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出した後に、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を閉鎖して前記第1のバイパス運転のみを行い、前記室外送風機を連続運転にすることを特徴とするものでこの構成をなすことにより、暖房運転を行いながら除霜運転を実施することができるだけでなく、極低温での除霜運転時に除霜時の気化水分が室外機上部で再氷結し送風回路を覆いつくすまで成長し性能低下をまねくことを防止することが可能となる。 The first invention includes a heat pump refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducer, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a refrigerant circuit, and an indoor unit and an outdoor unit each equipped with a blower. A first bypass circuit that connects between the indoor heat exchanger and the pressure reducer connected in a cycle, and between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger is provided, and the two-way valve and the first bypass circuit are provided in the first bypass circuit. The compressor provided with a refrigerant heater and further connected between the four-way valve connected to the refrigeration cycle and the indoor heat exchanger, between the decompressor and the outdoor heat exchanger, or connected to the refrigeration cycle And the four-way valve, and a second bypass circuit that connects the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger, a two-way valve is provided in the second bypass circuit, and the outdoor heat exchanger is removed. When the frost is formed, the first bypass circuit After a predetermined time has elapsed after the first bypass operation flowing heated refrigerant refrigerant heater by opening the two-way valve to the suction side of the compressor, in addition to the first bypass operation, the second The bypass circuit is opened to perform a second bypass operation for allowing the refrigerant to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger, the outdoor fan is intermittently operated to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor unit After the vaporized water is discharged to the outside, the two-way valve of the second bypass circuit is closed, only the first bypass operation is performed, and the outdoor fan is continuously operated. By making the configuration, not only can the defrosting operation be performed while performing the heating operation, but the vaporized water at the time of defrosting is re-freezing in the upper part of the outdoor unit during the defrosting operation at an extremely low temperature and covers the air blowing circuit. To grow and mimic performance It becomes possible to prevent.

また暖房を継続しながら、除霜運転を行うため、四方弁を切り換える時の冷媒音は発生しない。   Further, since the defrosting operation is performed while heating is continued, no refrigerant noise is generated when the four-way valve is switched.

また除霜時に四方弁を切り換えないため、圧力変動が小さく、圧縮機のオイル変動も小さいことから圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。   Further, since the four-way valve is not switched during defrosting, the pressure fluctuation is small and the oil fluctuation of the compressor is small, so that the compressor can be operated with high reliability.

また接続配管長が長くなる場合でも除霜を実施するための回路である第1のバイパス回路が室外にあるため、配管長による除霜運転での圧縮機オイルレベルが下がることはなく長配管商品でも圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。   In addition, since the first bypass circuit, which is a circuit for performing defrosting, is provided outdoors even when the length of the connected pipe becomes long, the compressor oil level in the defrosting operation by the pipe length does not decrease and the long pipe product However, the compressor can be operated with high reliability.

また全体冷媒の一部を除霜用に利用するため、冷媒加熱部に極端に多くの冷媒が流れないことからコンパクトな冷媒加熱器で構成できる。   In addition, since a part of the whole refrigerant is used for defrosting, an extremely large amount of refrigerant does not flow in the refrigerant heating unit, so that a compact refrigerant heater can be used.

また冷房運転を行った場合でも、冷媒加熱器に高温高圧の冷媒ガスが滞留して、冷媒加熱器が結露を発生させることもない。   Even when the cooling operation is performed, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas does not stay in the refrigerant heater, and the refrigerant heater does not cause dew condensation.

また除霜運転中に室外送風機を運転させることで、室外送風機まわりの氷霜を溶かすことができる。   Moreover, the ice frost around the outdoor fan can be melted by operating the outdoor fan during the defrosting operation.

第2の発明は、前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転を開始することで、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間を短時間で終了することが可能となる。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the vaporized water is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit, the recirculation of the vaporized water during the defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature is started by starting the intermittent operation of the outdoor fan according to the outdoor heat exchanger temperature. It is possible to end the defrosting time in a short time while preventing it.

第3の発明は、前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転の運転率を可変することで、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間で終了することが可能となる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the vaporized moisture is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit, the vaporized moisture during the defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature is varied by changing the operation rate of the intermittent operation of the outdoor fan according to the outdoor heat exchanger temperature. It is possible to end the defrosting time in a shorter time while preventing re-freezing.

第4の発明は、前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転時の回転数を可変することで、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間で終了することが可能となる。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the vaporized moisture is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit, the rotation speed during the intermittent operation of the outdoor blower is varied depending on the outdoor heat exchanger temperature, thereby vaporizing during the defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature. It is possible to end the defrosting time in a shorter time while preventing moisture re-freezing.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(実施の形態1)
図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態における空気調和装置の構成図を示すものである。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an air-conditioning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

図1において、室外機20は、圧縮機1、四方弁2、減圧器4、室外熱交換器5、室外送風機19から構成されている。ここでの減圧器4は、電磁膨張弁でもよい。   In FIG. 1, the outdoor unit 20 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a decompressor 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, and an outdoor blower 19. The decompressor 4 here may be an electromagnetic expansion valve.

また、室内機18は、室内熱交換器3、室内送風機17から構成されている。   The indoor unit 18 includes the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor blower 17.

更に室外機20には第1のバイパス回路6及び第2のバイパス回路9が具備されている。第1のバイパス回路6は、室内熱交換器3と減圧器4の間と四方弁2と室外熱交換器5の間を連結しており、冷媒加熱用二方弁7、冷媒加熱用減圧器12、冷媒加熱ヒータ13と冷媒通過管部14と蓄熱部15とからなる冷媒加熱器8を有している。   Further, the outdoor unit 20 is provided with a first bypass circuit 6 and a second bypass circuit 9. The first bypass circuit 6 connects between the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the decompressor 4, and between the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and includes a refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 and a refrigerant heating decompressor. 12, a refrigerant heater 8 including a refrigerant heater 13, a refrigerant passage pipe part 14, and a heat storage part 15 is provided.

第2のバイパス回路9は、四方弁2と室内熱交換器3の間と、減圧器4と室外熱交換器5の間を連結しており、除霜用二方弁10、除霜用減圧器11を有している。第2のバイパス回路9は、圧縮機1と四方弁2の間と、減圧器4と室外熱交換器5の間を連結してもよい。   The second bypass circuit 9 connects between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, and between the pressure reducer 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and includes a defrosting two-way valve 10 and a defrosting pressure reduction. A container 11 is provided. The second bypass circuit 9 may connect between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2 and between the decompressor 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5.

通常の暖房運転において、冷媒加熱用二方弁7及び除霜用二方弁10は閉じており、第1のバイパス回路6及び第2のバイパス回路9を冷媒は流れず、圧縮機1で圧縮された冷媒は四方弁2を通って、室内熱交換器3で凝縮されて室内空気を放熱する。更に減圧器4で減圧されて室外熱交換器5で蒸発して、室外空気から熱量を取り込み、再び圧縮機1に戻り、圧縮されるという冷凍サイクルを繰り返し、室内を暖房するものである。   In the normal heating operation, the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 and the defrosting two-way valve 10 are closed, the refrigerant does not flow through the first bypass circuit 6 and the second bypass circuit 9, and the compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant. The resulting refrigerant passes through the four-way valve 2 and is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 3 to radiate indoor air. Further, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducer 4 and evaporated by the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to take in the amount of heat from the outdoor air, return to the compressor 1 again, and be compressed again to heat the room.

しかし、室外気温が零下など非常に低い場合、室外熱交換器5に霜が付着し、室外空気
との熱交換効率が低下し、暖房能力が落ちてしまうため、除霜する必要がある。
However, when the outdoor air temperature is very low, such as below zero, frost adheres to the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the heat exchange efficiency with the outdoor air is reduced, and the heating capacity is reduced, so that it is necessary to defrost.

図2は、本発明の第1の実施の形態における制御ブロック図、図3は、本発明の第1の実施の形態における制御のタイムチャートを示すものである。   FIG. 2 is a control block diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a time chart of control according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

図2では室外機側で除霜開始判断が除霜開始判断手段50でなされ、除霜開始と判断された時に圧縮機運転手段51、冷媒加熱用二方弁開閉手段52、除霜用二方弁開閉手段53、膨張弁開度可変手段54、室外送風機運転手段55、四方弁切り換え手段56、加熱器ヒータ運転停止手段が各動作をすることにより除霜運転が行われる。   In FIG. 2, the defrosting start determination is made by the defrosting start determining means 50 on the outdoor unit side, and when it is determined that the defrosting is started, the compressor operating means 51, the refrigerant heating two-way valve opening / closing means 52, and the defrosting two-way The defrosting operation is performed by the valve opening / closing means 53, the expansion valve opening varying means 54, the outdoor blower operating means 55, the four-way valve switching means 56, and the heater heater operation stopping means.

このとき室外機20からの除霜開始信号を室内機18の除霜開始信号受信手段58で受信して、除霜運転の判断より室内送風機運転手段59で室内送風機17を制御する。   At this time, the defrost start signal from the outdoor unit 20 is received by the defrost start signal receiving means 58 of the indoor unit 18, and the indoor fan 17 is controlled by the indoor fan operating means 59 based on the determination of the defrost operation.

図3に示すように、除霜開始の判断をすると、ステップ1のヒートポンプによる暖房運転からステップ2の冷媒加熱運転による暖房運転に移行する。   As shown in FIG. 3, when the start of defrosting is determined, the heating operation by the heat pump in step 1 is shifted to the heating operation by the refrigerant heating operation in step 2.

ステップ2ではまず、冷媒加熱用二方弁7をONして開方向に制御し、また冷媒加熱ヒータ13をONして第1のバイパス回路6を導通させ、冷媒加熱運転を行う。このとき減圧器4である膨張弁は閉塞運転かまたは閉塞に近い運転を行う。   In Step 2, first, the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 is turned on and controlled in the opening direction, and the refrigerant heater 13 is turned on to connect the first bypass circuit 6 to perform the refrigerant heating operation. At this time, the expansion valve, which is the pressure reducer 4, performs an operation close to or close to closing.

従って、室内熱交換器3で凝縮された冷媒は、大半が第1のバイパス回路6に流れ、冷媒加熱用二方弁7、冷媒加熱用減圧器12を通って冷媒加熱器8内の冷媒通過管部14を通り、冷媒加熱ヒータ13によって加熱される。   Therefore, most of the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the first bypass circuit 6, and passes through the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater 8 through the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 and the refrigerant heating decompressor 12. It passes through the pipe part 14 and is heated by the refrigerant heater 13.

また、第1のバイパス回路6を通らずに室外熱交換器5に流れた僅かな冷媒は、四方弁2の手前で再び第1のバイパス回路6で加熱された冷媒と合流する。四方弁2は、暖房を継続するため、暖房回路のままで除霜中も切り替えしないので、冷媒は、四方弁2を通り、圧縮機1で圧縮される。   Further, the slight refrigerant that has flowed to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 without passing through the first bypass circuit 6 joins again with the refrigerant heated in the first bypass circuit 6 before the four-way valve 2. Since the four-way valve 2 continues heating, it is not switched even during defrosting in the heating circuit, so that the refrigerant passes through the four-way valve 2 and is compressed by the compressor 1.

ここで冷媒は、その大半が第1のバイパス回路6で冷媒加熱ヒータ13によって加熱され、更に圧縮機1で圧縮されるので、十分に暖房継続できる状態であり、室内送風機17は停止することなく暖房を継続する。但し、室外熱交換器5では若干の除霜がなされるので、ステップ1より暖房能力が落ちる場合には室内送風機17の回転数を下げる方が望ましい。   Here, most of the refrigerant is heated by the refrigerant heater 13 in the first bypass circuit 6, and further compressed by the compressor 1, so that the heating can be continued sufficiently, and the indoor blower 17 does not stop. Continue heating. However, since the outdoor heat exchanger 5 performs some defrosting, it is desirable to reduce the rotational speed of the indoor blower 17 when the heating capacity is reduced from step 1.

次にステップ3で、室外熱交換器5の除霜を行うために除霜用二方弁10をONして開方向に制御し、第2のバイパス回路9を導通させる。また圧縮機1は、除霜用の運転周波数で運転する。また室外送風機19は断続運転を行う。   Next, in step 3, in order to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the two-way valve 10 for defrosting is turned on and controlled in the opening direction, and the second bypass circuit 9 is made conductive. The compressor 1 is operated at an operating frequency for defrosting. The outdoor blower 19 performs intermittent operation.

これにより、圧縮機1で室外熱交換器5の除霜に十分な状態に圧縮された冷媒は、一部が第2のバイパス回路9に流れ込み、除霜用二方弁10、除霜用減圧器11を通り、室外熱交換器5に入る。冷媒は室外熱交換器5の除霜に十分な状態に圧縮されており、更に室外送風機19は断続運転しているので、冷媒は室外空気とほとんど熱交換されず、従って、室外熱交換器5の除霜のためにその熱量が使用される。   As a result, a part of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 into a state sufficient for defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 flows into the second bypass circuit 9, and the defrosting two-way valve 10 and the defrosting decompression. It passes through the vessel 11 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Since the refrigerant is compressed to a state sufficient for defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the outdoor blower 19 is intermittently operated, the refrigerant hardly exchanges heat with the outdoor air. Therefore, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 The amount of heat is used for defrosting.

また、この除霜によって気化された水分は室外送風機19の断続運転によって、室外機20外に放出される。従って、除霜による気化水分が極低温の外気に近接している室外機天板(図示せず)等の室外機上部で冷やされて再氷結し送風回路を覆いつくして室外熱交換器5の通風妨害となるまで成長し性能低下をまねくことを防止することができる。   Further, the water vaporized by the defrosting is discharged outside the outdoor unit 20 by the intermittent operation of the outdoor blower 19. Therefore, the water vaporized by defrosting is cooled at the upper part of the outdoor unit such as an outdoor unit top plate (not shown) close to the cryogenic outside air, re-freezes, covers the air blowing circuit, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 It can be prevented that it grows up to obstructing ventilation and causes performance degradation.

以上のステップによって暖房運転を継続しながら安定した除霜運転を実施し、室外熱交換器5の除霜終了と同時にステップ4で室外熱交換器除霜中に蓄熱した熱を放熱して、室外送風機19周辺の氷霜の溶解運転を行う。   By performing the stable defrosting operation while continuing the heating operation by the above steps, the heat accumulated during the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger in step 4 is radiated at the same time as the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is completed, and the outdoor The ice frost melting operation around the blower 19 is performed.

ステップ4は、冷媒加熱用二方弁7ONの開放運転、冷媒加熱ヒータ13ONの冷媒加熱運転かつ減圧器4である膨張弁は閉塞運転かまたは閉塞に近い運転、即ち第1のバイパス回路6を導通したままで、除霜用二方弁10はOFFの閉制御で第2のバイパス回路9を遮断、圧縮機1を除霜前の運転周波数に戻して室外送風機19を連続運転に戻す、ステップ2と同じ制御とする。   Step 4 is an operation for opening the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7ON, a refrigerant heating operation for the refrigerant heater 13ON, and the expansion valve as the decompressor 4 being closed or close to closing, that is, conducting the first bypass circuit 6. In this state, the defrosting two-way valve 10 shuts off the second bypass circuit 9 by the OFF control, returns the compressor 1 to the operating frequency before the defrosting, and returns the outdoor blower 19 to the continuous operation. The same control as

従って、室内熱交換器3で凝縮された冷媒は、大半が第1のバイパス回路6に流れ、冷媒加熱用二方弁7、冷媒加熱用減圧器12を通って冷媒加熱器8内の冷媒通過管部14を通り、冷媒加熱ヒータ13によって加熱される。   Therefore, most of the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the first bypass circuit 6, and passes through the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater 8 through the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 and the refrigerant heating decompressor 12. It passes through the pipe part 14 and is heated by the refrigerant heater 13.

また、第1のバイパス回路6を通らずに室外熱交換器5に流れた僅かな冷媒は、まだ十分な熱量を持っており、更に除霜の際に室外熱交換器5に蓄熱された熱量が十分残っているので、それらの熱量が室外送風機19に熱伝達され、室外送風機19周辺の氷霜が溶解される。   The slight amount of refrigerant that has flowed to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 without passing through the first bypass circuit 6 still has a sufficient amount of heat, and the amount of heat stored in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during defrosting. Therefore, the amount of heat is transferred to the outdoor blower 19 and the ice frost around the outdoor blower 19 is melted.

その後、室外熱交換器5を通った冷媒は、四方弁2の手前で再び第1のバイパス回路6で加熱された冷媒と合流し、四方弁2を通り、圧縮機1で圧縮される。   Thereafter, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 5 joins again with the refrigerant heated in the first bypass circuit 6 before the four-way valve 2, passes through the four-way valve 2, and is compressed by the compressor 1.

以上のステップ2〜4により、室外熱交換器5の除霜、除霜による気化水分の放出、室外送風機19周辺の氷霜の溶解が完了し、次にステップ5以降で通常のヒートポンプ暖房運転に復帰する。   The above steps 2 to 4 complete the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the release of vaporized water due to the defrosting, and the melting of the ice frost around the outdoor blower 19, and then the normal heat pump heating operation is performed after step 5. Return.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、室内熱交換器と減圧器の間と四方弁と室外熱交換器の間を連結する第1のバイパス回路に二方弁及び冷媒加熱器を設け、さらに四方弁と室内熱交換器の間と、減圧器と室外熱交換器の間、または圧縮機と四方弁の間と、減圧器と室外熱交換器の間を連結する第2のバイパス回路に二方弁を設け、室外熱交換器の除霜運転を行う際、第1のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して冷媒加熱器で加熱された冷媒を圧縮機の吸入側に流す第1のバイパス運転の後で所定時間経過後に、第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して室外熱交換器に冷媒を通過させる第2のバイパス運転を行い、室外送風機を断続運転することにより、暖房運転を行いながら除霜運転を実施することができるだけでなく、極低温での除霜運転時に除霜時の気化水分が室外機上部で再氷結し送風回路を覆いつくすまで成長し性能低下をまねくことを防止することが可能となる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the two-way valve and the refrigerant heater are provided in the first bypass circuit that connects between the indoor heat exchanger and the pressure reducer, and between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, Furthermore, a second bypass circuit is connected between the four-way valve and the indoor heat exchanger, between the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger, or between the compressor and the four-way valve, and between the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger. When the two-way valve is provided and the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger is performed, the two-way valve of the first bypass circuit is opened and the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater is caused to flow to the suction side of the compressor. After a predetermined time has elapsed after the bypass operation, the two-way valve of the second bypass circuit is opened, the second bypass operation is performed to allow the refrigerant to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor fan is intermittently operated, thereby heating. In addition to being able to perform defrosting operation while operating, defrosting operation at extremely low temperature Sometimes vaporized moisture defrosting it is possible to prevent the lead to growth performance degradation until completely covering the reicing blown circuit in the outdoor unit top.

また、本実施の形態の室外送風機の断続運転を、室外熱交換器温度により開始することにより、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間を短時間で終了することが可能となる。   In addition, by starting the intermittent operation of the outdoor blower of the present embodiment with the outdoor heat exchanger temperature, the defrosting time is completed in a short time while preventing re-freezing of vaporized water during the defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature. It becomes possible to do.

図4は本発明の第1の実施の形態における制御のタイムチャートである。   FIG. 4 is a time chart of control in the first embodiment of the present invention.

図4において、ステップ1、ステップ2は図3と同様の制御であり、説明を省略する。   In FIG. 4, Step 1 and Step 2 are the same control as in FIG.

ステップ3で、除霜運転時の気化水分が発生するときの室外熱交換器5の温度T1とすると、室外熱交換器5の温度がT1未満では室外送風機19を停止、T1以上で断続運転を開始することで、気化水分が発生するまでは、十分な状態に圧縮された冷媒の熱量は全て室外熱交換器5の除霜のために使用され、気化水分が発生してから室外送風機19を断続運転し、室外機20外に放出することとなり、効率的に再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間
をより短時間に終了することができ、結果除霜運転時の暖房性能の低下を防止することができる。
If the temperature T1 of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when vaporized moisture is generated during the defrosting operation in step 3, the outdoor blower 19 is stopped when the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is lower than T1, and the intermittent operation is performed at T1 or higher. By starting, until the vaporized moisture is generated, the heat quantity of the refrigerant compressed to a sufficient state is all used for defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and after the vaporized moisture is generated, the outdoor blower 19 is turned on. Intermittent operation and discharge to the outside of the outdoor unit 20, and the defrosting time can be completed in a shorter time while efficiently preventing re-icing, and as a result, a decrease in heating performance during the defrosting operation is prevented. be able to.

また、本実施の形態の室外送風機の断続運転の運転時間を、室外熱交換器温度に応じて可変とするにより、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間で終了することが可能となる。   In addition, the operation time of the intermittent operation of the outdoor fan according to the present embodiment is made variable according to the outdoor heat exchanger temperature, thereby preventing defrosting time while preventing re-freezing of vaporized water during defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature. Can be completed in a shorter time.

図5は本発明の第1の実施の形態における室外送風機運転率Kと室外熱交換器温度Tの制御の相関図である。ここで、運転率Kとは、単位時間あたりの室外送風機の運転時間を表し、具体的には(K=ON時間/(ON時間+OFF時間))で表すことができる。   FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram of the control of the outdoor fan operating rate K and the outdoor heat exchanger temperature T in the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the operation rate K represents the operation time of the outdoor blower per unit time, and specifically can be expressed as (K = ON time / (ON time + OFF time)).

図3、図4のステップ3での室外送風機19の運転時間即ち運転率Kを、室外熱交換器5の温度Tに応じて可変とする。   The operation time of the outdoor blower 19 in step 3 of FIGS. 3 and 4, that is, the operation rate K is made variable according to the temperature T of the outdoor heat exchanger 5.

除霜運転時の気化水分の発生量が大きく変化する際の室外熱交換器5の温度がそれぞれTa、Tbとすると、室外熱交換器5の温度がTa未満では室外送風機19の運転率をK1、Ta以上Tb未満ではK2、Tb以上ではK3とすることによって、室外熱交換器5の温度が高くなり、発生する気化水分の量が多くなれば、室外送風機19の運転率を高くして気化水分を室外機20外に放出することで、より確実かつ効率的に再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間に終了することができ、結果除霜運転時の暖房性能の低下を防止することができる。   Assuming that the temperatures of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when the amount of vaporized water generated during the defrosting operation changes greatly are Ta and Tb, respectively, the operating rate of the outdoor fan 19 is K1 when the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is less than Ta. If the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is increased by setting K2 for Ta or more and less than Tb, and K3 for Tb or more, and the amount of vaporized water generated increases, the operating rate of the outdoor blower 19 is increased and vaporized. By releasing moisture out of the outdoor unit 20, the defrosting time can be completed in a shorter time while preventing re-freezing more reliably and efficiently, and as a result, the heating performance during the defrosting operation is prevented from deteriorating. can do.

また、本実施の形態の室外送風機の断続運転の回転数を、室外熱交換器温度に応じて可変とするにより、極低温での除霜運転時の気化水分再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間で終了することが可能となる。   In addition, the rotational speed of the intermittent operation of the outdoor blower of the present embodiment is made variable according to the outdoor heat exchanger temperature, thereby preventing the defrosting time while preventing re-freezing of vaporized water during the defrosting operation at a cryogenic temperature. Can be completed in a shorter time.

図6は本発明の第1の実施の形態における室外送風機回転数Nと室外熱交換器温度Tの制御の相関図である。   FIG. 6 is a correlation diagram of the control of the outdoor fan rotation speed N and the outdoor heat exchanger temperature T in the first embodiment of the present invention.

図3、図4で示された制御では、室外送風機19はON/OFFの切り替えだけで制御されていたが、室外送風機19の回転数Nが可変制御できる場合に、図3、図4のステップ3での室外送風機19の制御を、室外熱交換器5の温度Tに応じて可変とする。   In the control shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outdoor blower 19 is controlled only by ON / OFF switching. However, when the rotational speed N of the outdoor blower 19 can be variably controlled, the steps in FIGS. 3 and 4 are performed. 3, the control of the outdoor fan 19 is made variable according to the temperature T of the outdoor heat exchanger 5.

即ち、除霜運転時の気化水分の発生量が大きく変化する際の室外熱交換器5の温度がそれぞれTa、Tbとすると、室外熱交換器5の温度がTa未満では室外送風機19の回転数をN1、Ta以上Tb未満ではT2、Tb以上ではT3とすることによって、室外熱交換器5の温度が高くなり、発生する気化水分の量が多くなれば、室外送風機19の回転数を高くして気化水分を室外機20外に放出することで、より確実かつ効率的に再氷結を防止しながら除霜時間をより短時間に終了することができ、結果除霜運転時の暖房性能の低下を防止することができる。   That is, if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when the amount of vaporized water generated during the defrosting operation changes greatly is Ta and Tb, respectively, the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 19 is less than Ta when the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is less than Ta. Is set to T2 if N1, Ta or more and less than Tb, and T3 if Tb or more, the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 increases, and if the amount of vaporized water generated increases, the rotational speed of the outdoor blower 19 is increased. By releasing vaporized moisture outside the outdoor unit 20, the defrosting time can be completed in a shorter time while preventing re-freezing more reliably and efficiently, resulting in a decrease in heating performance during the defrosting operation. Can be prevented.

尚、本実施の形態では圧縮機の運転周波数を変化させているが、一定速の圧縮機でも暖房を継続して除霜運転を行うことができる。   Although the operation frequency of the compressor is changed in the present embodiment, the defrosting operation can be performed by continuing heating even with a constant speed compressor.

また断続運転停止時は微少回転数で運転していてもよい。   Further, when the intermittent operation is stopped, the engine may be operated at a very low rotation speed.

以上のように本発明にかかる空気調和装置は、暖房運転しながら、除霜運転を実施でき、かつ除霜時に発生する気化水分の再氷結による性能低下を防ぐ事ができるので、寒冷地のマルチエアコンやヒートポンプ給湯機等の用途にも適用できる。   As described above, the air conditioner according to the present invention can perform a defrosting operation while performing a heating operation, and can prevent deterioration in performance due to re-freezing of vaporized water generated during defrosting. It can also be applied to applications such as air conditioners and heat pump water heaters.

本発明の実施の形態1における空気調和装置の構成図The block diagram of the air conditioning apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention 本発明の実施の形態1における制御ブロック図Control block diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態1における制御のタイムチャートTime chart of control in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態1における制御のタイムチャートTime chart of control in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態1における室外送風機運転率Kと室外熱交換器温度Tの制御の相関図Correlation diagram of control of outdoor fan operating rate K and outdoor heat exchanger temperature T in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態1における室外送風機回転数Nと室外熱交換器温度Tの制御の相関図Correlation diagram of control of outdoor fan rotation speed N and outdoor heat exchanger temperature T in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 従来の空気調和装置の冷凍サイクルの構成図Configuration diagram of refrigeration cycle of conventional air conditioner

1 圧縮機
2 四方弁
3 室内熱交換器
4 減圧器
5 室外熱交換器
6 第1のバイパス回路
7 冷媒加熱用二方弁
8 冷媒加熱器
9 第2のバイパス回路
10 除霜用二方弁
11 除霜用減圧器
12 冷媒加熱用減圧器
13 加熱器ヒータ
14 冷媒通過管部
15 蓄熱部
17 室内送風機
18 室内機
19 室外送風機
20 室外機
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Indoor heat exchanger 4 Pressure reducer 5 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 First bypass circuit 7 Two-way valve for refrigerant heating 8 Refrigerant heater 9 Second bypass circuit 10 Two-way valve for defrosting 11 Defrosting decompressor 12 Refrigerant heating decompressor 13 Heater heater 14 Refrigerant passage tube part 15 Heat storage part 17 Indoor blower 18 Indoor unit 19 Outdoor blower 20 Outdoor unit

Claims (4)

圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、減圧器、室外熱交換器を冷媒回路で連結したヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルと、室内機と室外機にそれぞれ送風機を具備させ、この冷凍サイクルに連結された前記室内熱交換器と前記減圧器の間と前記四方弁と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第1のバイパス回路を設け、前記第1のバイパス回路に二方弁及び冷媒加熱器を設け、さらに前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記四方弁と前記室内熱交換器の間と、前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間、または前記冷凍サイクルに連結された前記圧縮機と前記四方弁の間と、前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第2のバイパス回路を設け、前記第2のバイパス回路に二方弁を設け、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行う際、前記第1のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して冷媒加熱器で加熱された冷媒を前記圧縮機の吸入側に流す第1のバイパス運転の後で所定時間経過後に、前記第1のバイパス運転に加えて、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を開放して前記室外熱交換器に冷媒を通過させる第2のバイパス運転を行い、前記室外送風機を断続運転して前記室外熱交換器を除霜するとともに前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出した後に、前記第2のバイパス回路の二方弁を閉鎖して前記第1のバイパス運転のみを行い、前記室外送風機を連続運転にすることを特徴とする空気調和装置。 A compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, an outdoor heat exchanger connected by a refrigerant circuit, a heat pump refrigeration cycle, and an indoor unit and an outdoor unit each equipped with a blower, and connected to the refrigeration cycle Providing a first bypass circuit connecting between the indoor heat exchanger and the decompressor, and between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, providing a two-way valve and a refrigerant heater in the first bypass circuit; Further, between the four-way valve connected to the refrigeration cycle and the indoor heat exchanger, between the pressure reducer and the outdoor heat exchanger, or between the compressor and the four-way valve connected to the refrigeration cycle. And providing a second bypass circuit that connects the decompressor and the outdoor heat exchanger, providing a two-way valve in the second bypass circuit, and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger, Open the two-way valve of the first bypass circuit The heated refrigerant refrigerant heater after a predetermined time has elapsed after the first bypass operation flow to the suction side of the compressor Te, in addition to the first bypass operation, two-way of the second bypass circuit A second bypass operation is performed to open the valve and allow the refrigerant to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor fan is intermittently operated to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and vaporize moisture to the outside of the outdoor unit. After discharging, the two-way valve of the second bypass circuit is closed, only the first bypass operation is performed, and the outdoor blower is continuously operated . 前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転を開始することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の空気調和装置。 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein when the vaporized moisture is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit, the intermittent operation of the outdoor blower is started based on the outdoor heat exchanger temperature. 前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転の運転率を可変することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の空気調和装置。 3. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein when discharging vaporized water to the outside of the outdoor unit, the operation rate of the intermittent operation of the outdoor fan is varied depending on the outdoor heat exchanger temperature. 前記室外機の外部に気化水分を排出する際、室外熱交換器温度により室外送風機の断続運転時の回転数を可変することを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。 4. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein when exhausting vaporized water to the outside of the outdoor unit, the number of revolutions during intermittent operation of the outdoor fan is varied depending on an outdoor heat exchanger temperature. 5. Air conditioner.
JP2006073807A 2006-03-17 2006-03-17 Air conditioner Expired - Fee Related JP4622901B2 (en)

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