JP3979586B2 - Fire detectors and fire alarm equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire detector and a fire alarm facility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional so-called P-type fire alarm system, a fire receiver is connected to a plurality of sensor lines, and a plurality of fire detectors are connected to each of the sensor lines. The sensor outputs a fire signal by switching operation.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional P-type fire alarm system, when a predetermined fire detector outputs a fire signal, a sensor line connected to the predetermined fire sensor that outputs the fire signal is connected to a plurality of sensor lines. From inside, the fire receiver can be identified. Therefore, if the sensor lines are laid differently for each fire monitoring area, the fire monitoring area where the fire has occurred can be specified by specifying the sensor line that sent the fire signal.
[0004]
However, in the above conventional example, the detector circuit to which the fire signal is sent continues in the low impedance state, which is a substantially short-circuited state, regardless of which fire detector performs the switching operation. Of the multiple fire detectors connected to the sensor line, it is impossible to know which fire detector output the fire signal, so it is possible to identify a more specific fire location Can not.
[0005]
In the present invention, when a P-type fire alarm system is used, a fire receiver can identify a fire detector that outputs a fire signal, and based on this, it can be used for identifying a fire occurrence location. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire detector and a fire alarm facility that can be used.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a fire alarm system using a so-called P-type fire receiver, in which a fire detector that transmits a fire signal by switching operation simultaneously transmits address information of the fire detector by switching pulse operation. is there.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a P-type system PS1 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
[0008]
In the P-type system PS1, a plurality of fire detectors SE are connected to one fire receiver RE as P-type fire alarm equipment.
[0009]
Each fire detector SE is supplied with power from the fire receiver RE, measures physical quantities such as smoke concentration and ambient temperature, and performs fire monitoring.
[0010]
Here, when using a so-called ATF (self-inspection function) sensor and the P-type receiver can collect self-inspection information, when sending a fire signal, the address of the fire sensor that sends out the fire signal, The fire receiver can collect. Therefore, the fire receiver RE can determine the detailed position based on the address of the fire detector SE in addition to the area where the fire has occurred. Therefore, installation position information is set in the fire receiver RE for each address of each fire detector SE of each line.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the fire receiver RE.
[0012]
The fire receiver RE is used as the fire receiver RE shown in FIG. The fire receiver RE includes a power supply unit 11, a signal transmission circuit 12, a signal reception circuit 13, a fire detection circuit 14, a disconnection detection circuit 15, a control circuit 16, a main control unit 17, and a display operation. A common terminal C to which a power / signal line is connected and a plurality of line terminals L1 to Ln, to which a plurality of fire detectors SE are connected. Each sensor line is connected between these terminals C and L1 to Ln, and a terminator is arranged at each terminal portion. Of the block configuration in the fire receiver RE, the signal transmission circuit 12, the signal reception circuit 13, the fire detection circuit 14, the disconnection detection circuit 15, and the control circuit 16 are arranged for each sensor line. , Terminals L1,..., Ln. The common terminal C is commonly connected to each sensor line.
[0013]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the fire detector SE1.
[0014]
The fire detector SE1 is used as the fire detector SE shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and includes a light emitting circuit 31a1, a light receiving circuit 31a2, an amplifier circuit 31b, a transmission transmission circuit 41, and a transmission reception circuit 42. A constant voltage circuit 51, a power supply circuit 52, a charging circuit 53, a clock circuit 61, a microcomputer 71 as a control circuit, a clock oscillation circuit 81, an EEPROM 91 in which addresses and the like are stored, and a diode bridge DB. Have.
[0015]
The fire detector SE1 transmits address information of the fire detector SE1 immediately before transmitting a fire signal when a fire occurs. That is, in a normal P-type system, a fire signal due to switching operation is transmitted to the receiver, but the fire detector SE1 uses the pulse code to obtain the address information of the fire detector SE1 immediately before transmitting the fire signal. The fire receiver RE can identify the fire detector that has transmitted and reported.
[0016]
Next, an operation for outputting a fire signal in the above embodiment will be described.
[0017]
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a signal waveform between the terminals CL in the above embodiment (a signal waveform output from the fire detector SE1). In FIG. 4, the fire level is a level when the transmission / transmission circuit 41 is switched, and a waveform as shown in FIG. 4 can be formed by the on / off control of the transmission / transmission circuit 41 by the microcomputer 71.
[0018]
The fire detector SE1 sends its own address information when sending a fire signal. In this case, the self address information is transmitted by controlling the pulse code.
[0019]
The fire receiver RE receives the address information sent from the fire detector SE1 and analyzes it to identify the fire detector SE1 that sent the address information, thereby installing the fire detector SE1. It is possible to identify the location where the fire has occurred (that is, the location of the fire). Note that the correspondence between the pulse code as address information to be transmitted by each fire detector SE and each fire detector SE is held in the fire receiver RE as a table.
[0020]
Next, an operation for outputting address information in the above embodiment will be described.
[0021]
When the fire detector SE1 detects a fire, the microcomputer 71 performs a switching operation of the transmission / transmission circuit 41, and this switching operation sets the impedance of the sensor line to a low impedance that is substantially short-circuited (fire detector SE operates). A fire signal is output). In this case, the switching operation of the transmission / transmission circuit 41 is continued to be a fire signal, and at the beginning, the transmission / transmission circuit 41 is pulsed to output the address information.
[0022]
In the fire detector SE1, the level between the signal lines C and Ln is shifted from the normal monitoring level to the fire level by the operation of the transmission transmission circuit 41. This fire level is detected by the signal reception circuit 13 and the fire detection circuit 14 of the fire receiver RE. In the middle of transmitting the address information, the signal receiving circuit 13 detects the pulse code, detects the address information, and when the transmission of the address information is completed and it is detected that the fire level has continued for a predetermined time, The fire detection circuit 14 determines that the signal has been detected.
[0023]
In this embodiment, since the level change between the signal lines C and L1 to Ln is a change from the normal monitoring level to the fire level in both the fire signal transmission and the address information transmission, the fire detector SE1 transmits. If the transmission circuit 41 is turned on and off, a fire signal can be transmitted, and address information can be transmitted, and there is no need to form a level different from those.
[0024]
The level between the signal lines C and L1 to Ln is detected by the signal reception circuit 13 and the fire detection circuit 14 in the fire receiver RE, and the determination of the fire signal has a duration element. The fire detection circuit 14 determines the duration of the fire level as a fire signal.
[0025]
Based on the output signal of the signal receiving circuit 13, the control circuit 16 may process the duration of the fire level in a software manner. In this case, the fire detection circuit 14 can be omitted. If the address information is output before the fire signal is sent in the event of a fire, the duration of the fire level is delayed, but the time for outputting the address information is substantially short and does not cause a problem as an alarm operation.
[0026]
In the above-described embodiment, the transmission / transmission circuit 41 is configured to restore the pulse when a predetermined time has elapsed from the fire signal transmission start point (stop the transmission of the fire signal) and then send the address information. The address may be represented by the time width from the fire signal transmission start point to the pulse recovery timing, triggered by the pulse recovery timing, and the address information may be determined.
[0027]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a fire detector SE2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 5, the fire sensor SE2 is a fire sensor in which a first transmission circuit 411 and a second transmission circuit 412 are provided in place of the transmission transmission circuit 41 in the fire sensor SE1. .
[0029]
The first transmission circuit 411 is a circuit that performs a switching operation representing a fire signal, and the second transmission circuit 412 is a circuit that sends out address information of the fire detector itself.
[0030]
Next, the operation of the fire detector SE2 will be described.
[0031]
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a signal waveform between the terminals CL in the second embodiment (signal waveform output from the fire detector SE2).
[0032]
In the fire detector SE2 of the second embodiment, the first transmission circuit 411 performs a switching operation representing a fire signal, and the second transmission circuit 412 transmits address information.
[0033]
That is, when the fire detector SE2 detects a fire, a fire signal is transmitted by switching the first transmission circuit 411, and a self-address is generated by pulsing the second transmission circuit 412. Send information.
[0034]
In the fire detector SE2, the level between the signal lines C and Ln is shifted from the normal monitoring level to the fire level by the operation of the first transmission circuit 411, and further, the second transmission circuit 412 operates. As a result, the level is displaced further down from the fire level to form a pulse code. Therefore, the level detected by the signal reception circuit 13 and the fire detection circuit 14 of the fire receiver RE may be adjusted in advance to the above level.
[0035]
That is, the fire detection circuit 14 can detect the fire level due to the operation of the first transmission circuit 411, can detect the fire signal regardless of the presence or absence of address information, and the signal reception circuit 13 can detect the fire signal. A level representing a pulse by the operation 412 is detected, and thereby address information can be detected.
[0036]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another signal waveform (another signal waveform output from the fire detector SE2) between the terminals CL in the second embodiment.
[0037]
In the fire detector SE2, the other address information output from the second transmission circuit 412 is not expressed by a pulse code, but indicates address information by changing the pulse width as shown in FIG. .
[0038]
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of transmission for sending the self-check result in each of the above embodiments.
[0039]
In FIG. 8, “parent” is the fire receiver RE in FIG. 1, and “child” is the fire detector SE.
[0040]
In the case of polling transmission in each of the above-described embodiments, the fire receiver RE is assigned an individual address to a plurality of fire detectors SE provided for each line, and the fire detectors SE are grouped based on the addresses to obtain 15 addresses. Data of the fire detector SE is collected in units, and a start pulse, a reference pulse, and a control command CM1 are transmitted from the signal transmission circuit 12.
[0041]
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating waveforms that are elements of a pulse code when the pulse code is generated in each of the above embodiments.
[0042]
The activation pulse is an activation pulse for activating the microcomputer 71 of the fire detector SE, and the fire receiver RE transmits a Lo pulse having a pulse width of 2 ms. The fire detector SE receives the activation pulse via the transmission receiving circuit 42, returns the microcomputer 71 from the sleep mode, and prepares for reception of the reference pulse. Note that the microcomputer 71 enters the sleep mode after a necessary operation such as a fire detection operation, and requires a stable time after starting from this state.
[0043]
The reference pulse is a reference pulse that is a basic length of a transmission pulse interval, and is 4 ms at a falling edge interval (H → L to H → L).
[0044]
The control command CM1 is a control command to the fire detector SE, and indicates an 8-bit code with four pulse intervals. For each pulse interval, as shown in FIG. Replace with Further, as shown in FIG. 9, each pulse interval is a falling edge interval (tb) and represents a 2-bit code.
[0045]
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing commands and their contents in the above embodiments.
[0046]
For example, the control command CM1 shown in FIG. 10 is 10110101b = B5h. The code contents of the control command CM1 are as shown in FIG. That is, the line is specified by 5 bits b7 to b3, here by 10110b, the control command and selecting of the fire detector SE are instructed by 2 bits b2 and b1, here by 10, and the odd number of b0 Add parity. The fire detector SE makes no response when it detects a parity error.
[0047]
As a command format, a line designation or 1F (one line correspondence) repeater can be designated by b7 to b3. However, in the P-type system PS1, a transmission / reception circuit is configured for each line. It can be the same as the command from the 1F repeater. That is, the use of the line designation command can be used when the transmission / reception circuit in the fire receiver RE is shared. The P-ATF receiver is a fire receiver RE used in the P-type system PS1.
[0048]
Then, when waiting for transmission, the fire detector SE analyzes the control command CM1.
[0049]
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship among commands, addresses and slots in the above embodiment.
[0050]
Slots 0 to 14 are timings for transmission from the fire detector SE to the fire receiver RE in the transmission frame shown in FIG. 8, and the slot positions based on their own addresses are shown in FIG. It is prescribed as follows.
[0051]
The fire sensor SE transmits the pulse shown in FIG. 11 (2) to the specified slot.
[0052]
The pulse from the fire detector SE is sent out by the microcomputer 71 via the transmission / transmission circuit 41 in FIG. 3, and the code from the fire detector SE is represented by the pulse width. In FIG. It represents about the result when returning the self-inspection result of each fire detector SE. That is, if the sensor is normal as a result of self-inspection, one pulse is returned with a pulse width of 2 ms, and if abnormal, a pulse is returned with a pulse width of 4 ms.
[0053]
The result indicating whether the sensor is normal or abnormal may be a self-check result by a short-term operation after receiving the control command, but a steady-state monitoring operation that constantly monitors the output level It may be a result of pass / fail judgment by.
[0054]
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of pulses related to transmission different from that in FIG. 8 in the above embodiment.
[0055]
In the selective transmission, the data of the fire detector SE is collected in units of one address, and as shown in FIG. 12, the control command CM2 is added to the start pulse, the reference pulse, the control command CM1, and the transmission standby, and the receiver The RE sends out to the fire detector SE.
[0056]
The start pulse, the reference pulse, and the control command CM1 are as described above. The control command CM2 is an 8-bit control code similar to the control command CM1, and the code transmission / reception method is the same as that of the control command CM1. It is.
[0057]
The contents of control are represented by the contents of CM1 and CM2. Specifically, it is indicated that the transmission is a selection transmission by a control command CM1, and an address is designated by the control command CM2, whereby only a specific fire detector SE can return a self-inspection result (see FIG. 12 sensor return part).
[0058]
Using such signal transmission, the fire receiver RE includes the control content of polling 1 or polling 2 in the control command CM1, and transmits the fire to connect the power and transmission lines C, L1 to Ln. Information on the sensors SE can be collected, in which the fire receiver RE is collecting self-check results from each fire sensor SE. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, since the signal transmission circuit 12 and the signal reception circuit 13 are provided for each of the power / signal lines C and L1 to Ln, the fire detector for each line. Signals are exchanged with the SE, and for this purpose, the line designation portion in the control command CM1 may be ignored. Then, there are up to 30 addressed fire detectors SE with a self-checking function connected to one line. Note that the number of groups and the number of groups can be arbitrarily set, and are not limited to 30 and can correspond to 30 or more.
[0059]
As described above, in the P-type system PS1, the fire signal from each fire detector SE is detected by the fire detector RE for each line by the fire detection circuit 14, and from the necessary fire detector SE, The signal transmission circuit 12 and the signal reception circuit 13 can collect self-inspection results, and the fire receiver RE can recognize that there is an abnormal fire sensor SE.
[0060]
The main control unit 17 controls the timing at which each control circuit 16 collects test results based on signal transmission between the terminals C and L1 to Ln. That is, if fire signals are not generated simultaneously from a plurality of fire detectors, each detector line serves as a power source / signal line, and voltage stability is not hindered.
[0061]
The fire detector in each embodiment outputs a fire signal by so-called switching operation when a fire is detected during the process of fire monitoring, determines the self-inspection result, and responds to inquiries from the fire receiver. Send the self-check result.
[0062]
According to the above embodiment, since the fire receiver RE can recognize the fire detector address information together with the fire signal, the fire receiver RE can execute the fire alarm operation, and the address information Appropriate measures such as displaying the location of the identified fire can be executed.
[0063]
Further, according to the above-described embodiment, when a switching operation is performed for sending address information, a pulse code signal is used. Therefore, address information can be output without an advanced transmission / transmission circuit.
[0064]
Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, since the electrical state is changed while the fire signal is indicated by the switching operation, the fire receiver that monitors the sensor line by sending the address information can detect whether or not the address information is present. Regardless, the switching operation can be reliably detected.
[0065]
In other words, each of the above embodiments is a fire alarm system comprising a fire receiver connected to a sensor line, and a fire detector connected to the sensor line and outputting a fire signal to the sensor line by a switching operation. The fire receiver includes a signal detection circuit that detects the switching operation for each of the sensor lines, and a transmission transmission circuit that detects a pulse-like switching operation and acquires address information for each of the sensor lines. The fire detector has a control circuit for holding address information and a switching circuit for performing a pulse-like switching operation according to the control of the control circuit, and the control circuit detects a fire. Occasionally, the switching circuit performs the switching operation in pulses and sends the address information while maintaining the switching circuit in the switching circuit. It is a circuit that.
[0066]
In this case, when the fire receiver pays attention to the sensor lines C and L1, the fire receiver performs a pulse-like operation indicating a receiving resistor for detecting a switching operation performed by the fire detector when a fire is detected and address information of the fire detector. The receiving resistor for detecting the switching operation is shared by the resistor R1. Also, in the other sensor lines, similarly to the above, the receiving resistance is shared, and when attention is paid to the sensor lines C and Ln, the receiving resistance Rn is shared.
[0067]
The fire receiver is connected to the line and common line of the fire detector line, the line line of each detector line is connected to the signal detection circuit and the transmission / reception circuit, and the common line is connected to each other. Since it is common, it is easy to wire the common line, and since it is the same as the wiring of the conventional P-type fire alarm facility, it is easy to cope with the renewal.
[0068]
In the embodiment, the fire sensor is an example of a sensor that transmits address information of the fire sensor immediately before the fire signal.
[0069]
Further, the control circuit is an example of a circuit that controls the switching circuit so as to maintain the switching operation of outputting a fire signal after sending address information by performing a pulse-like switching operation when a fire is detected. It is.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the address information is used when using the P-type fire alarm equipment, the fire receiver can specify the fire detector outputting the fire signal, based on this. There is an effect that it can be used for specifying the location of the fire.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a P-type system PS1 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fire receiver RE.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of a fire detector SE1.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a signal waveform (a signal waveform output from a fire detector SE1) between terminals CL in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a fire detector SE2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a signal waveform (a signal waveform output from a fire detector SE2) between terminals CL in the second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another signal waveform between terminals CL in the second embodiment (another signal waveform output from the fire detector SE2).
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of transmission for sending out the self-inspection result in the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating waveforms that are elements of a pulse code when the pulse code is generated in the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing commands and their contents in the second embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship among commands, addresses, and slots in the embodiment.
12 is an explanatory diagram of pulses related to transmission different from that in FIG. 8 in the embodiment. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
PS1 ... P type system,
RE ... Fire receiver,
SE1, SE2 ... Fire detectors,
13: Signal receiving circuit,
14 ... Fire detection circuit,
42. Transmission and reception circuit,
411 ... first transmission circuit,
412 ... second transmission circuit,
71 ... Control circuit,
R1 to Rn: reception resistors.

Claims (4)

In a fire alarm facility comprising a fire receiver connected to a sensor line and a plurality of fire detectors connected to the sensor line and outputting a fire signal to the sensor line by a switching operation,
The above fire receiver
A fire detection circuit for detecting a fire based on the switching operation for each of the sensor lines;
A signal receiving circuit for detecting a pulse-like switching operation and acquiring address information for each of the sensor lines;
Have
Each of the above fire detectors
A control circuit for holding address information;
A transmission / transmission circuit that performs a switching operation according to the control of the control circuit ;
When the fire is detected , the control circuit initially performs a switching operation in a pulse manner by switching the signal level between the normal monitoring level and the fire level by the on / off control of the transmission / transmission circuit. The fire alarm equipment is a circuit that performs control to maintain a switching operation for outputting a fire level signal after performing the operation of transmitting the address information . In claim 1,
The fire receiver shares a receiving resistor for detecting a switching operation performed by the fire detector when a fire is detected and a receiving resistor for detecting a switching operation performed in a pulse manner indicating address information of the fire detector. Fire alarm equipment characterized by In a fire detector that outputs a fire signal to the sensor line by a switching operation connected to the sensor line,
A control circuit for holding address information;
A transmission / transmission circuit that performs a switching operation according to the control of the control circuit ;
When the fire is detected , the control circuit initially performs a switching operation in a pulse manner by switching the signal level between the normal monitoring level and the fire level by the on / off control of the transmission / transmission circuit. The fire detector is a circuit that performs control to maintain a switching operation for outputting a fire level signal after performing the operation for transmitting the address information . In claim 3,
A fire sensor for transmitting address information of the fire sensor sent immediately before a fire signal by the switching operation, the address information generated by the pulse-like switching operation.

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