JP3843090B2 - 排ガス浄化触媒およびその製造方法、ならびに車用排ガス浄化触媒装置 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化触媒およびその製造方法、ならびに車用排ガス浄化触媒装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3843090B2 JP3843090B2 JP2003321214A JP2003321214A JP3843090B2 JP 3843090 B2 JP3843090 B2 JP 3843090B2 JP 2003321214 A JP2003321214 A JP 2003321214A JP 2003321214 A JP2003321214 A JP 2003321214A JP 3843090 B2 JP3843090 B2 JP 3843090B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- oxide
- gas purification
- purification catalyst
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 58
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N -2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)=O RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C(O)=O CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethyl-4-(3-oxobutyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1CC(=O)OC1(C)C AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0236—Drying, e.g. preparing a suspension, adding a soluble salt and drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/30—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6
- C01F17/32—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6 oxide or hydroxide being the only anion, e.g. NaCeO2 or MgxCayEuO
- C01F17/34—Aluminates, e.g. YAlO3 or Y3-xGdxAl5O12
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1023—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
Pd複合酸化物は、不安定なPd酸化物と、非常に安定な希土類元素の酸化物とが、複合化した化合物である。例えば、PdOの場合、PdO表面はPd0とPd2+との2つの化学状態をとり得る。しかしながら、Pd複合酸化物では、希土類元素により酸化状態が安定化された結果、化合物最表面の化学状態はPd2+の割合が多くなる。Pd0とPd2+とではPd2+のほうが高活性であるため、Pd複合酸化物では、高い排ガス浄化活性が得られる。
<製造例1>
[担持担体複合酸化物の作製]
所定量の硝酸ランタン六水和物、および硝酸アルミニウム九水和物をイオン交換水に溶解し、混合水溶液を作製した。次に、所定量のリンゴ酸をイオン交換水に溶解し、リンゴ酸水溶液を作製した。この二つの水溶液を混合して、ホットプレートスターラにのせ、250℃で撹拌子を用いて撹拌しながら加熱し、水分蒸発の後、分解乾固させ、乾固物を乳鉢で粉砕した。これをアルミナ坩堝に移し、マッフル炉にて2.5℃/minで350℃まで昇温し、350℃で3時間熱処理を施した。これにより、リンゴ酸塩、硝酸根を除去した仮焼成体を作製した。仮焼成体を乳鉢で15分間粉砕混合した後、再びアルミナ坩堝に入れ、マッフル炉にて5℃/minで800℃まで昇温し、800℃で10時間熱処理を施した。これにより、LaAlO3なる組成のペロブスカイト複合酸化物を作製した。
次に、所定量の硝酸パラジウム二水和物と硝酸ランタン六水和物とをイオン交換水に溶解させ、金属塩混合水溶液を作製した。次いで、所定量のリンゴ酸をイオン交換水に溶解させ、リンゴ酸水溶液を作製した。これら2つの水溶液を混合したものと、所定量のLaAlO3粉末とをナス型フラスコに入れ、ナス型フラスコをロータリーエバポレータで減圧しながら、60℃の湯浴中で蒸発乾固させた。その後、マッフル炉にて2.5℃/minで250℃まで昇温し、さらに5℃/minで750℃まで昇温して、750℃で3時間保持した。これにより、La2PdO4をLaAlO3に含浸担持したLa2PdO4/LaAlO3なる製造例1の触媒粉末を得た。製造例1の触媒粉末についての比表面積およびPd分散度を表1に示す。
次に、得られた製造例1の触媒粉末について、初期および耐久処理後の活性評価を実施した。評価は、自動車のモデル排ガスを触媒に流通させ、A/F(空燃比)=14.6相当、SV(流量)=50000h−1にて行った。耐久処理は、A/F=14.6相当のモデル排ガスにより900℃の耐久温度で20時間行った。これらの結果を表2,3に示す。すなわち、表2には、触媒の昇温試験における、CO、HC、NOの50%浄化温度を示す。また、表3には、耐久処理後の触媒の昇温試験における、CO、HC、NOの50%浄化温度を示す。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Nd2PdO4/LaAl03を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1〜3に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Gd2PdO4/LaAl03を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1〜3に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、La2PdO4/NdAl03を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1〜3に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/Al203を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1〜3に併記する。
Claims (8)
- Pd酸化物がAl酸化物に担持されている排ガス浄化触媒において、
Al酸化物がLnAlO3(Ln:希土類元素)であり、前記Pd酸化物が少なくともLn 2 PdO 4 (Ln:希土類元素)を含むことを特徴とする排ガス浄化触媒。 - 前記Al酸化物の結晶系が三方晶または菱面体晶であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 化合物群(OH基またはSH基を有する炭素数2〜20のカルボン酸、炭素数2または3のジカルボン酸、および炭素数1〜20のモノカルボン酸)から選ばれた少なくとも1種をLnおよびPdの硝酸塩水溶液に添加する工程を経て製造されたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 前記硝酸塩水溶液を蒸発乾固させてカルボン酸錯体重合物を作製する工程と、前記カルボン酸錯体重合物を焼成する焼成工程とを経て製造されたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 少なくともLn 2 PdO 4 (Ln:希土類元素)を含むPd酸化物がLnAlO 3 (Ln:希土類元素)に担持されている排ガス浄化触媒を製造するにあたり、
化合物群(OH基またはSH基を有する炭素数2〜20のカルボン酸、炭素数2または3のジカルボン酸、および炭素数1〜20のモノカルボン酸)から選ばれる少なくとも1種をLnおよびPdの硝酸塩水溶液とLnおよびAlの硝酸塩水溶液に添加する工程を含むことを特徴とする排ガス浄化触媒の製造方法。 - 前記硝酸塩水溶液を蒸発乾固させてカルボン酸錯体重合物を作製する工程と、前記カルボン酸錯体重合物を焼成する焼成工程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の排ガス浄化触媒の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程における焼成温度が1000℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排ガス浄化触媒の製造方法。
- Pd酸化物がAl酸化物に担持されており、車から排出される排ガスを浄化する車用排ガス浄化触媒装置において、前記Al酸化物がLnAlO3(Ln:希土類元素)であり、前記Pd酸化物が少なくともLn 2 PdO 4 (Ln:希土類元素)を含むことを特徴とする車用排ガス浄化触媒装置。
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CA2537022A CA2537022C (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-08-20 | Purification catalyst for exhaust gas, production method therefor, and purification catalyst device for exhaust gas |
AU2004271828A AU2004271828B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-08-20 | Catalyst for clarifying exhaust gas and method for preparation thereof, and exhaust gas clarification catalyst device for vehicle |
BRPI0414363-9A BRPI0414363B1 (pt) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-08-20 | Catalisador de purificação para gás de descarga, método de produção de um catalisador para gás de descarga e aparelho catalisador de purificação para o gás de descarga de um automóvel |
CN2004800261082A CN1849169B (zh) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-08-20 | 废气净化催化剂及其制造方法以及车用废气净化催化剂装置 |
RU2006112013/04A RU2315657C1 (ru) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-08-20 | Катализатор очистки для выхлопных газов, способ его производства и устройство на основе катализатора очистки для выхлопных газов |
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2003
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- 2004-08-20 BR BRPI0414363-9A patent/BRPI0414363B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2004-08-20 WO PCT/JP2004/011990 patent/WO2005025741A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-08-20 KR KR1020067004618A patent/KR100734386B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-20 RU RU2006112013/04A patent/RU2315657C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-20 MX MXPA06002752A patent/MXPA06002752A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2004-08-20 US US10/568,505 patent/US7674746B2/en active Active
- 2004-08-20 AU AU2004271828A patent/AU2004271828B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-08-20 EP EP04771951.3A patent/EP1666143B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-26 TW TW093125542A patent/TW200513317A/zh unknown
- 2004-08-30 MY MYPI20043536A patent/MY140842A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4699375B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-24 | 2011-06-08 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒、および排ガス浄化用装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1666143A4 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
BRPI0414363A (pt) | 2006-11-14 |
WO2005025741A1 (ja) | 2005-03-24 |
JP2005087781A (ja) | 2005-04-07 |
AU2004271828A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
MXPA06002752A (es) | 2006-06-14 |
CA2537022C (en) | 2011-11-08 |
US20060287196A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
KR100734386B1 (ko) | 2007-07-04 |
RU2315657C1 (ru) | 2008-01-27 |
MY140842A (en) | 2010-01-29 |
EP1666143B1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
RU2006112013A (ru) | 2007-11-10 |
CN1849169A (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
BRPI0414363B1 (pt) | 2015-05-05 |
TW200513317A (en) | 2005-04-16 |
KR20060087545A (ko) | 2006-08-02 |
AU2004271828B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
EP1666143A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
CA2537022A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CN1849169B (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
US7674746B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 |
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