JP2739433B2 - Filament filter device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a gas, aerosol,
The present invention relates to a filter device for appropriately filtering liquids, powders, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various filters made of a foam such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a synthetic resin have been provided for filtering a gas or a liquid.

[0003]

However, since these filters have a plate shape, the whole plate moves due to wind pressure or liquid pressure, but each fiber or the like does not move and clogging occurs.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filter device made of a filament which is extremely simple in structure and hardly causes clogging, and aims to solve the above problems.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided one or a plurality of filter plates which cross an appropriate chamber, and each of the filter plates is provided between opposing frame sides of the frame. A number of filaments, both ends of which are supported by the frame side, are arranged substantially parallel to each other with a gap provided between adjacent filaments, and the filaments are vibrated by the pressure of the processing fluid, so that the distance between adjacent filaments is always kept constant. This is a filament filter device configured to change.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, one or a plurality of filter plates are provided so as to traverse an appropriate chamber, and each of these filter plates is provided between the opposite upper and lower sides of the frame. A number of filaments supported on the frame side are arranged substantially in parallel with a gap between each adjacent one, and each filament is vibrated by the pressure of the processing fluid,
The filament filter device has a configuration in which an interval between adjacent filaments is always changed, and a configuration in which an appropriate liquid flows from the upper frame side of the frame to each filament.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, one or a plurality of filter plates are provided so as to traverse an appropriate chamber, and each of these filter plates is provided with a large number of upper and lower opposing frame sides. The filaments are wound and arranged in a substantially parallel manner with a gap between the adjacent filaments, and the filaments are vibrated by the pressure of the fluid to be processed, and the interval between the adjacent filaments is constantly changed. This is a filament filter device in which a number of small holes for flowing a filament are provided along the upper frame side of the frame.

Various materials such as metals, plastics, elastomers, ceramics, paper, and natural fibers can be used for each of the filaments. The cross section of these filaments (fibers) is not limited to a circle, but may be various shapes such as a stranded wire shape, a flat tape shape, and an uneven shape. In addition, there is a type in which these filaments are arranged in the same diameter or a type in which two or more filaments having different diameters are alternately arranged.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when a gas, a liquid, or the like, which is an object to be processed, is passed through the chamber of the filter, the particles of the gas, the liquid, or the like become filaments arranged substantially parallel to each filter plate. Colliding with the surface. However, since the particles have kinetic energy to advance, the filaments are pressed to vibrate each filament to further advance. The vibration increases the probability that particles of a solid such as dust collide with the filament. The particles that have collided with the filament further advance in a turbulent manner, collide with each other, aggregate and become larger. Even when the particles have become larger, even if they come into contact with the filaments, the filaments vibrate and are less likely to adhere to the filaments, and fall down due to the weight of the particles themselves.

Further, as described above, when the particles pass on both sides of each adjacent filament, each of these filaments vibrates back and forth, right and left due to wind pressure, liquid pressure, etc. passing through the chamber. , The size of the solids that can pass depends on the vibrating interval of each adjacent filament. However, solids and the like smaller than the maximum distance pass between these adjacent filaments, but solids and the like larger than the maximum distance collide with these filaments and fall, and the space between these filaments decreases. Can not pass. The particles are removed by vibrating the filaments of the filter plate in this manner.

[0011] In the case where a plurality of filter plates are provided, after passing through a plurality of filters, only solids having a size smaller than a certain diameter pass, and solids having a size larger than a certain diameter are caught. Therefore, the distance between the filaments is adjusted to be narrower or wider according to the form of the material to be filtered, and the amplitude or tension of the filaments is adjusted.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first aspect of the present invention is provided.
In addition to the effect of the item, since an appropriate liquid or aerosol flows down from the upper frame side of the frame to each filament, some components in the object to be treated are adsorbed to these liquids and the like, and Collects these components and collects them at the bottom of the filter. Further, a liquid or aerosol flowing down the filament and a certain substance in the object to be treated can chemically react to separate the substance. Therefore, it has a function of chemically filtering gas, liquid, and the like, in addition to those of filtering physically.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first aspect of the present invention is provided.
In addition to the functions of claim 2 and claim 3, each filter plate has a number of filaments wound between the opposing upper and lower frame sides of the frame body and arranged substantially in parallel, and each filament is supported by each frame side. I have. Also, the liquid or aerosol is discharged from a number of small holes in the upper frame side of the frame, and the liquid or aerosol flows down to the filaments on both sides, and falls down along the filament.

[0014]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration in which a filter of the present invention is used for exhaust gas treatment of an engine. A filter device 3 comprising a hollow chamber 3a is provided at an outlet of a muffler 2 through which exhaust gas of a diesel engine 1 passes. I have. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the engine 1 is discharged to the outside air through the filter device 3. In this filter device 3,
A large number of filter plates 4 are provided at intervals in the chamber 3a so as to cross the chamber 3a,
Each of these filter plates 4 is provided with a pump 6 from a fuel tank 5.
Is supplied to the filter plate 4 and flows down to each filter plate 4.

A drain tank 7 is provided below the filter device 3 so as to collect fuel flowing down to each of the filter plates 4.
A sub-tank 8 is connected to the drain tank 7, and a pump 9 for returning a drain (fuel) of the sub-tank 8 to the fuel tank 5 is provided. A pump 10 for supplying fuel from the fuel tank 5 to the engine 1 is provided.

Each filter plate 4 of the filter device 3
Are upper and lower frames 11 of a quadrangular frame 11 as shown in FIG.
a and 11b, the filament 12 is wound, and FIG.
As shown in the figure, a large number of holes 11c are provided on both sides of the lower portion of the pipe-shaped upper frame 11a at intervals in the longitudinal direction. The fuel from the fuel tank 5 is supplied into the upper frame 11a by the pump 6, discharged from the many holes 11c, and flows down to the filaments 12 on both sides. The filament 12 has such a tension that it vibrates back and forth and right and left by the pressure of the exhaust gas. Further, a dispersion plate 13 is provided in front of these many filter plates 4 in the filter device 3 and a concentration plate 14 is provided in the rear. An appropriate number of legs 1 are provided at the lower part of the chamber 3a.
Five.

In this embodiment, the fuel contained in the fuel tank 5 is supplied to the engine 1 by the pump 10, where it is burned and exploded, and the exhaust gas reaches the filter device 3 through the muffler 2. On the other hand, fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 5 to each filter plate 4 of the filter device 3 via the pump 6. As a result, the fuel flows down to each filament 12 of each filter plate 4, and the fuel travels down each filament 12 and falls into the drain tank 7. In this state, the exhaust gas passes through each filter plate 4 in the filter device 3.
The carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are adsorbed by the fuel flowing down to each filament 12 of each filter plate 4.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, each of these filaments 12 vibrates due to the pressure of the exhaust gas passing through the chamber 3a, and the interval between the adjacent filaments 12 becomes wider or narrower. Therefore, some solids and soot in the exhaust gas pass through some filter plates 4 but cannot pass through other filter plates 4. However, when passing through the plurality of filter plates 4, solids having a size greater than a certain value are caught by these many filaments and cannot pass between these filaments, but solids having a size less than a certain value are not passed. Can pass.

As shown in FIG. 6, each filament 1
The exhaust gas in front of 2 goes around the outer circumference of each filament, passes between them, and then tries to proceed straight. However, a negative pressure portion R is generated immediately after each filament 12, and the exhaust gas is applied to the negative pressure portion R. Is sucked. Therefore, although a large number of these filaments 12 are arranged and the gap between the filaments 12 is small, the resistance of the exhaust gas to pass through each filament is small due to the suction force.

The exhaust gas that has passed through the filter device 3 is discharged to the outside air in a state where carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas have been reduced. The drain containing the carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas collected by the fuel in the filter plates 4 collects in the drain tank 7 and transfers from the drain tank 7 to the sub-tank 8. 5 and is again used as fuel in the engine 1 or the filter device 3.

In the above embodiment, the fuel is caused to flow down to each filament 12 of each filter plate 4 and carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas of the exhaust gas passing therethrough are adsorbed by the fuel. An appropriate liquid or aerosol flowing down each filament 12 and a substance to be separated in the object to be processed passing therethrough can also be separated by a chemical reaction. For example, in the case of sulfur dioxide gas SO ₂ ,
Mixing quicklime CaO and water H ₂ O to mix salt lime Ca (OH) ₂
Is made to flow down to each filament 12 of each filter plate 4, and when sulfur dioxide gas SO ₂ is passed through these filter plates 4, a chemical reaction is caused to CaSO ₃ ,
The CaSO ₃ precipitates and the sulfur dioxide is separated from other gases. In the case of carbon dioxide CO ₂ , water H ₂ O flows down each filament 12 of each filter plate 4, and when carbon dioxide gas CO ₂ is passed through these filter plates 4, H ₂ CO ₃
And carbon dioxide is separated from other gases. In addition, when this carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in water, the carbon dioxide gas can be contained in a volume of 1,000 to several hundred times the volume of water, so that a large amount of carbon dioxide gas can be contained in a small volume.

In the above embodiment, a wet filter in which an appropriate liquid is allowed to flow down the filament 12 of each filter plate 4 has been described. However, a dry filter can be used instead. In that case, when the exhaust gas passes through each filter plate 4 of the filter device 3, the fuel is not discharged from the upper frame side 11a of each filter plate 4. Accordingly, particles of solid matter such as soot in the exhaust gas are disturbed by the vibrating filament 12 and come into contact with each other to agglomerate, and immediately fall as they collide with the vibrating filament 12.

Even if solid particles such as soot are caught between the adjacent filaments 12, these filaments 12 vibrate by the pressure of the exhaust gas passing through the filter device 3, and the adjacent filaments 12 As the interval of 12 becomes wider or narrower, it falls immediately. Therefore, filtration residues are less likely to adhere to these filaments. In this way, the particles are separated by these filter plates according to the size and weight of the particles. However, if soot or the like adheres to these filaments 12, a comb-like removing tool in which teeth enter between these adjacent filaments 12 is slidably provided on the frame 11, and the comb-like removing tool is attached to the filament 12. By moving along, the soot and the like attached to each filament can be removed. At this time, if the wavelength of the fluid to be fed into the filament and the wavelength of the vibrating filament are matched to resonate, the vibration of the filament becomes larger than in the case where it is not so, which is effective.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, a filament 17 is wound around four rods 16 spaced apart from each other in a rectangular tube shape, and a filter cylinder 18 having the other end surfaces of these rods 16 shielded. Is provided, and this filter tube 18 is
In some cases, the object to be processed is put into the inside of the cylindrical body 19, the object to be processed is inserted through one end opening 20, and the object to be processed is discharged from the other end opening 21. Also in this case, the object to be processed passes between the filaments 17 on each surface of the filter tube 18, and the substance to be separated contained in the object to be processed remains in the filter tube 18.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a rectangular frame 11 is used instead of the filter plate 4 of the above embodiment.
The filaments 12 are wound vertically between the upper and lower frames 11a and 11b, and several filaments 22 are provided in the horizontal direction at intervals on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of these filaments 12,
The amplitude of the filament 12 in the vertical direction is adjusted by the several filaments 22 in the horizontal direction. FIG. 9 (c) shows a filament 12 wound vertically between the upper and lower frames 11a and 11b of the quadrilateral frame 11, and a horizontal intermediate frame 11d between these upper and lower frames 11a and 11b. In this case, the rearward amplitude of one filament 12 is different from the rearward amplitude of the other filament 12.

In the above embodiment, a large number of filter plates 4 are provided in the chamber 3a of the filter device 3.
The number of the filter plates 4 may be one or plural. Further, the shape of each filter plate 4 is not limited to a quadrilateral, and may be any shape as long as the filter plate 4 crosses the inside of the chamber 3a such as a circle. The filament 12 of each filter plate 4
Is oriented vertically in the above embodiment, but may be oriented horizontally or obliquely. Further, in the above embodiment, the filter plate 4 is wound with filaments on opposite frame sides of the frame body 11,
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and both ends of each filament may be fixed to opposing frame sides.

The filaments 12 and 17 of each filter plate 4 may be vibrated by a vibrator using ultrasonic waves or the like. Further, a fungicide, a bactericide, an insect repellent, an enzyme, an antistatic agent and the like may be fixed on the surface of the filament in advance. Further, when filtering the powder using the filter device of the present invention, vibration is applied to each filter plate, and the vibration causes the filaments of each filter plate to vibrate. And particles having a size equal to or larger than a certain diameter can be collected.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the object to be processed passes between the filaments arranged substantially parallel to each filter plate. At this time, particles and the like are substantially parallel to each filter plate due to wind pressure and liquid pressure. By colliding and pressing the arranged filaments, the filaments are vibrated. At this time, the particles stop moving by consuming kinetic energy and fall. When the particles of the object to be processed are small, they pass between these filaments. At this time, the filaments are vibrated by wind pressure, liquid pressure or the like by these particles. Due to this vibration, the particles that become the filtration residue can be aggregated to separate the particles into large particles, and these particles cannot pass between adjacent filaments because of their size and weight. Therefore, the filter residue collected by the filter falls due to the vibration and the weight of the filter, and the filter residue is less likely to be clogged. Therefore, the filter plate can be used for a long time. And depending on the viscosity and flow rate of the object, the material, thickness,
By changing the shape or the length, efficient aggregation suitable for the object to be processed is easily performed. Also, even in the event that the filtration residue adheres to each filament of the filter plate, since the filaments are arranged substantially in parallel, if a comb-like removal tool that has teeth between these filaments is used, the filtration residue can be easily removed. You can scrape things.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the object to be processed passes between the filaments arranged substantially in parallel on each filter plate.
At this time, each of these filaments vibrates due to wind pressure, liquid pressure and the like passing through the chamber. Due to this vibration, the fine particles that become the filtration residue can be aggregated to separate the particles into larger particles, and these particles cannot pass between adjacent filaments due to their size and weight. Therefore, the filter residue collected by the filter falls due to the vibration and the weight of the filter, and the filter residue is less likely to be clogged. Therefore, the filter plate can be used for a long time. By changing the material, thickness, shape, or length of the filament depending on the viscosity or flow rate of the object, efficient aggregation suitable for the object can be easily performed. Also, since an appropriate liquid or aerosol flows down from the upper frame side of the frame to each filament,
Some components and the like in the object to be treated are adsorbed by these liquids and the like, and the liquids and the like collect these components and accumulate in the lower part of the filter. Therefore, in addition to those that physically filter gases and liquids, they also have a function of chemically filtering.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the same effects as those of the second aspect of the present invention are obtained, and each filter plate can be formed simply by winding a filament around the opposite side of the frame. Extremely simple.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram in which a filter device of the present invention is used for exhaust gas treatment of an engine.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front view showing a filter plate of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a filter plate of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a filter plate of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory sectional view of each filament of a filter plate of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a filter tube in another embodiment of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the filter device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory sectional view showing another embodiment (a), (b) and (c) of the filter plate of the filter device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diesel engine 2 Muffler 3 Filter 4 Filter plate 5 Fuel tank 6 Pump 7 Drain tank 8 Subtank 9 Pump 10 Pump 11 Frame 12 Filament 17 Filament 18 Filter tube 19 Tube 22 Filament

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. One or a plurality of filter plates traversing an appropriate chamber, and each of these filter plates is provided between a pair of opposite frame sides of a frame, and a plurality of filaments having both ends supported by the frame sides. A filament filter characterized by having a configuration in which a gap is provided between each pair of adjacent filaments so as to be substantially parallel to each other, and the filaments are vibrated by the pressure of the processing fluid to constantly change the interval between the respective filaments. apparatus. 2. One or a plurality of filter plates traversing an appropriate chamber are provided, and each of these filter plates is provided between upper and lower opposing frame sides of a frame, and has a plurality of ends supported by the frame sides. Are arranged substantially in parallel with a gap provided between adjacent filaments, and each filament is vibrated by the pressure of a fluid for processing, and the interval between adjacent filaments is always changed. A filament filter device, characterized in that an appropriate liquid is allowed to flow from a side to each filament. 3. A filter plate or a plurality of filter plates traversing the inside of an appropriate chamber is provided, and each of these filter plates is wound with a large number of filaments between adjacent upper and lower frame sides of a frame body, and is adjacent to each other. A plurality of small holes are provided which are arranged substantially parallel to each other with a gap therebetween, and each filament is vibrated by the pressure of the fluid to be processed, and the interval between adjacent filaments is constantly changed. Is provided along the upper frame side of the frame body.