JP2023070664A - トランジスタ構造 - Google Patents
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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Abstract
Description
(1)水平及び垂直の両方向の寸法がスケールダウン縮小されるにつれて、ゲート、スペーサ、及びイオン注入形成を用いた従来のセルフアライン法のみでは、LDDジャンクションエッジ(又はソース/ドレインエッジ)をゲート構造10のエッジに完璧な位置でアライメントすることが難しくなっている。また、イオン注入ダメージを除去するための熱アニーリング技術は、様々なエネルギー源や他の熱プロセスを用いることによる例えば急速熱アニーリング法などの高温処理技術に頼らなければならない。斯くして引き起こされる1つの問題はゲート誘起ドレインリーク(gate-induced drain leakage;GIDL)電流であり、生じるGIDL電流は、リーク電流を減らすために最小化されるべきであるというのが事実であるにもかかわらず、制御するのが困難であり、引き起こされる他の問題は、有効チャネル14の長さを制御するのが困難であり、それ故に短チャネル効果(short channel effect;SCE)が殆ど最小化されないことである。さらに、GIDLを制御し得るようにソース/ドレインエッジとゲート構造10のエッジとの間の相対位置を調節することも困難である;
(2)また、LDD13(又はNMOSにおけるn+/pジャンクション、若しくはPMOS(p型金属酸化膜半導体)におけるp+/nジャンクション)を形成するためのイオン注入は、シリコン表面の上から基板に真っ直ぐ下に基板にイオンを挿入するための砲撃のように作用するので、より高いドーピング濃度を持つ頂面から、より低いドーピング濃度を持つジャンクション領域へと、ドーパント濃度が垂直方向に不均一に分布するため、ソース11及びドレイン12から有効チャネル14及び基板本体領域まで欠陥の少ない均一な材料界面を作るのが困難である;
(3)さらに、水平方向の寸法が7nm、5nm、又は3nmへとスケールダウンされるとき、NMOSトランジスタのフィン構造の高さ(垂直方向の寸法)(例えば60-300nmなど)が、NMOSトランジスタのフィン構造の幅(水平方向の寸法)(例えば3-7nmなど)よりも遥かに大きくなり、その結果、フィン構造が脆弱になったり、さらには、続くプロセス(例えばソース/ドレイン形成、ゲート形成など)中に倒壊したりする。
(1)固体壁が形成されて、活性領域又は幅狭フィン構造、特にフィン構造の側壁をクランプする。従って、フィン構造の高さ(例えば60-300nmなど)がフィン構造の幅(例えば3-7nmなど)よりも遥かに大きくても、本発明の固体壁によって保護されたフィン構造は脆弱になりにくい;
(2)ソース/ドレインのエッジとゲート領域のエッジとの間の相対的な位置又は距離が制御可能であり、ゲート領域のエッジ上に形成されるスペーサの厚さ、及び/又は酸化物層(例えば、図11又は図23の酸化物3V層など)の厚さに依存し得る;
(3)ソース/ドレインにメタル-半導体ジャンクション(例えば、図30A、図30B、又は図29など)を形成することにより、ソース/ドレインの抵抗が改善され得る;
(4)殆どのソース/ドレイン領域が、酸化物3B層及び/又は窒化物3層(図29に示した)による底部構造を含む絶縁材料によってアイソレートされ、それ故に、ジャンクションリーク電流を大幅に低減させることができる;
(5)フィン構造を取り囲むSTI領域の頂面の方がフィン構造の頂面よりも高くなることができ、その結果、選択成長されるソース/ドレイン領域が、STI領域の上にはなくてSTI領域によって閉じ込められることになる。
Claims (23)
- フィン構造を持つ基板と、
前記フィン構造の側壁をクランプする絶縁壁と、
前記フィン構造及び前記絶縁壁の上のゲート領域と、
を有し、
前記絶縁壁は、前記フィン構造が倒壊するのを防止するように構成されている、
トランジスタ構造。 - 前記絶縁壁は、前記フィン構造の4つの側壁をクランプする、請求項1に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記絶縁壁を取り囲むシャロートレンチアイソレーション(STI)層、を更に有する請求項2に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 当該トランジスタ構造は更に、前記フィン構造の前記側壁と前記絶縁壁との間に配置されたシートチャネル層を有し、該シートチャネル層は選択エピタキシャル成長技術によって形成されている、請求項1に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記ゲート領域は、前記フィン構造の上のゲート誘電体層と、該ゲート誘電体層の上のゲート導電層と、該ゲート導電層の上のキャップ層とを有する、請求項1に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記絶縁壁は、前記ゲート誘電体層、前記ゲート導電層、及び前記キャップ層の形成中に前記フィン構造が倒壊するのを防止するように構成されている、請求項5に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記ゲート領域の側壁上のスペーサ層、を更に有する請求項1に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 当該トランジスタ構造は更に、前記フィン構造に当接した第1の導電領域を有し、該第1の導電領域は前記基板とは独立である、請求項7に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の導電領域は、前記基板の当初表面の下の第1の凹部内に形成されている、請求項8に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記絶縁壁は、前記第1の凹部及び前記第1の導電領域の形成中に前記フィン構造が倒壊するのを防止するように構成されている、請求項9に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の凹部は、(1)前記基板をエッチングして一時的な凹部を形成し、次いで、該凹部上に熱酸化物層が形成され、そして、(2)該熱酸化物層をエッチングする、ことによって形成されている、請求項9に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 第1の凹部は側壁を有し、前記第1の導電領域は、前記第1の凹部の前記側壁に当接した低濃度ドープト領域と、該低濃度ドープト領域に当接した高濃度ドープト領域とを有する、請求項11に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の凹部の前記側壁の位置は、前記ゲート領域の前記側壁上の前記スペーサ層の厚さと、前記熱酸化物層の厚さとに依存する、請求項11に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記ゲート領域のエッジと前記第1の導電領域のエッジとの間の相対位置は、前記ゲート領域の前記側壁上の前記スペーサ層の厚さと、前記熱酸化物層の厚さとに依存する、請求項11に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- フィン構造を持つ基板と、
前記フィン構造の上のゲート領域と、
前記フィン構造と当接した第1の導電領域と、
を有し、
前記第1の導電領域の少なくとも2つの面が金属領域に接触している、
トランジスタ構造。 - 前記第1の導電領域の頂面及び側壁が前記金属領域に接触している、請求項15に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の導電領域の頂面、底面、及び側壁が前記金属領域に接触している、請求項15に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 当該トランジスタ構造は更に、前記フィン構造を取り囲むシャロートレンチアイソレーション領域を有し、前記第1の導電領域は、前記シャロートレンチアイソレーション領域によって境界付けられている、請求項15に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の導電領域はどれも前記シャロートレンチアイソレーション領域の上に交わっていない、請求項18に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- フィン構造を持つ基板と、
前記フィン構造の上のゲート領域と、
前記フィン構造と当接した第1の導電領域と、
を有し、
前記ゲート領域の底面の方が前記第1の導電領域の底面よりも低い、
トランジスタ構造。 - 当該トランジスタ構造は更に、前記フィン構造を取り囲むシャロートレンチアイソレーション領域を有し、該シャロートレンチアイソレーション領域の上の前記ゲート領域の前記底面は、前記第1の導電領域の前記底面より、10nmを超えて低い、請求項20に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 前記第1の導電領域の少なくとも2つの面が金属領域に接触している、請求項20に記載のトランジスタ構造。
- 当該トランジスタ構造は更に、前記フィン構造を取り囲むシャロートレンチアイソレーション領域を有し、前記第1の導電領域は、前記シャロートレンチアイソレーション領域によって境界付けられている、請求項20に記載のトランジスタ構造。
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