JP2017107166A - Head-up display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a HUD device which can perform display of a virtual image whose information is notified in the way that a crew member appropriately notices it.SOLUTION: An HUD device 100 is mounted on a vehicle A and displays a virtual image 60 visible by a driver D as a crew member. The HUD device 100 is provided with: a virtual image display 40 emitting light of an image 70 formed as the virtual image 60; a plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 having recessed projection surfaces 30 respectively; and a switch mechanism 90. The projection surfaces 30 magnify the image 70 projected and display it as the virtual image 60. Magnification ratios of the respective projection surfaces 30 differ from one another. The switch mechanism 90 can switch a selection combiner plate 20s arranged in a first projection range PA1 where the light emitted by the virtual image display 40 is projected among the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The disclosure according to this specification relates to a head-up display device that displays a virtual image that can be visually recognized by an occupant of a moving object.

  Conventionally, for example, in Patent Document 1, in a head-up display device (hereinafter referred to as a HUD device) mounted on a vehicle, a combiner on which light of an image emitted from an irradiation device is projected, and a rotational displacement unit that rotationally displaces the combiner. The structure provided with these is disclosed. In this HUD device, the rotation center axis is set on the projection surface of the combiner, and the rotation displacement mechanism rotates and displaces the combiner so that the movement locus of the lower end is an arc centered on the rotation center axis.

JP 2013-160841 A

  Nowadays, HUD devices have been required to notify a wide variety of information to a passenger by virtual image display. Here, in the HUD device of Patent Document 1, even if the combiner is rotationally displaced by the rotational displacement mechanism, the virtual image forming position is finely adjusted. As described above, in the HUD device of Patent Document 1, it is practically impossible to switch the imaging position of the virtual image for notifying information. For this reason, the occupant may fail to recognize the information presented by the HUD device, or may feel annoying the frequently presented information.

  The present disclosure has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a HUD device capable of displaying a virtual image so as to be accurately noticed by an occupant. is there.

  In order to achieve the above object, a disclosed first aspect is a HUD device that displays a virtual image (60) that is mounted on a moving object (A) and is visible by an occupant (D) of the moving object. A virtual image display (40) that emits light of an image (70) that is imaged as a concave projection surface (30, 330) on which light emitted from the virtual image display is projected, A virtual image obtained by enlarging an image projected on the projection plane is displayed, and a plurality of projection members (21 to 23, 221 to 223, 321 to 323, 421, 423, 521, and 523) having different magnifications of the projection planes are displayed. ) And a switching mechanism (90, 290) for switching a projection member arranged in the projection range (PA1) in which the light emitted from the virtual image display is projected among the plurality of projection members. ing.

  Each of the plurality of projection members in this aspect is provided with projection surfaces having different magnifications. Therefore, if the projection member to which the light emitted from the virtual image display device is projected is arranged by the switching mechanism, the imaging position of the virtual image can be clearly changed by changing the magnification ratio of the virtual image. .

  With such a HUD device, it is possible to change the imaging position where the light of the image is formed as a virtual image according to the characteristics of the information notified to the occupant by this image by switching the projection member It becomes. Therefore, the HUD device can display a virtual image so as to be accurately noticed by an occupant.

  Note that the reference numbers in the parentheses merely show an example of a correspondence relationship with a specific configuration in an embodiment described later, and do not limit the technical scope at all.

It is a front view showing typically the state where the virtual image display by the HUD device of a first embodiment was seen from the driver's seat. It is a perspective view of the HUD device accommodated in the instrument panel. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a HUD apparatus typically. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric system of a HUD apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of the 1st image displayed as a virtual image as a distant virtual image. It is a figure which shows an example of the 1st image displayed as a virtual image as an intermediate | middle virtual image. It is a front view which shows typically the state which looked at the virtual image display by the HUD apparatus of 2nd embodiment from the driver's seat. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a HUD apparatus typically. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the HUD apparatus by 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the HUD apparatus by 4th embodiment, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state which accommodated each combiner plate in the accommodation recessed part. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which one of several combiner plates is arrange | positioned in the 1st projection range. It is a perspective view which shows the state which accommodated each combiner plate in the accommodation recessed part in the HUD apparatus by 5th embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the state where one of a plurality of combiner plates is arranged in the 1st projection range. It is a perspective view which shows a reference example. It is a perspective view which shows a reference example.

  Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described based on the drawings. In addition, the overlapping description may be abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol to the corresponding component in each embodiment. When only a part of the configuration is described in each embodiment, the configuration of the other embodiment described above can be applied to the other part of the configuration. In addition, not only combinations of configurations explicitly described in the description of each embodiment, but also the configurations of a plurality of embodiments can be partially combined even if they are not explicitly specified unless there is a problem with the combination. .

(First embodiment)
A head-up display (HUD) device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is mounted on a vehicle A. The HUD device 100 displays various virtual images 60 that can be visually recognized by the driver D who is an occupant of the vehicle A. The HUD device 100 is disposed in front of the driver D. The main body portion of the HUD device 100 is accommodated in the instrument panel 11 of the vehicle A.

  The HUD device 100 includes a combiner unit 20, a virtual image display 40, a real image display 45, a housing 50, a switching mechanism 90, a control circuit 80 (see FIG. 4), and the like.

  The combiner unit 20 is provided separately from the windshield 13 at a position away from the windshield 13 of the vehicle A toward the driver seat on which the driver D is seated. The combiner unit 20 includes a plurality (three) of combiner plates 21 to 23, a holding shaft portion 28, and the like.

  Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 is a half mirror that transmits a part of incident light and reflects the other part. Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 is formed in a horizontally long substantially rectangular shape by a plate material made of a light-transmitting material such as polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, and glass. Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 has one projection surface 30 curved in a concave shape. On the projection surface 30, light of various images (hereinafter referred to as a first image) 70 emitted from the virtual image display device 40 and formed as a virtual image 60 is projected. The combiner plates 21 to 23 reflect the light of the projected first image 70 toward the driver D by the concave projection surfaces 30. As a result, the virtual image 60 obtained by enlarging the projected first image 70 is displayed at a position farther than the projection plane 30 so that the driver D can visually recognize it.

  Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 is concavely curved with different curvatures. Therefore, each projection surface 30 functions as a concave mirror having different magnifications. Specifically, the far projection surface 31 having the largest magnification among the three projection surfaces 30 is formed on the combiner plate 21 that is curved with the highest curvature. On the other hand, the combiner plate 23 that is curved with the lowest curvature is formed with a neighboring projection surface 33 having the smallest magnification among the three projection surfaces 30. The combiner plate 22 is formed with an intermediate projection surface 32 having an intermediate magnification ratio between the far projection surface 31 and the near projection surface 33.

  The holding shaft portion 28 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a resin material. The holding shaft portion 28 is supported by the housing 50 so as to be rotatable around a virtual rotation axis RA. One long side of each combiner plate 21 to 23 is attached to the holding shaft portion 28. Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 is integrally held by the holding shaft portion 28 in a posture in which the extending direction of the long side is aligned with the axial direction of the holding shaft portion 28, and rotates together with the holding shaft portion 28. The combiner plates 21 to 23 are held at intervals around the rotation axis RA defined by the holding shaft portion 28. Specifically, the combiner plates 21 to 23 are fixed to the holding shaft portion 28 while being shifted by 120 ° in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft RA.

  The above combiner unit 20 switches one of the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 to be arranged in the first projection range PA1 (hereinafter referred to as a selected combiner plate 20s) by rotation with respect to the housing 50. The selected combiner plate 20s in the first projection range PA1 projects from the upper surface of the instrument panel 11 and directs the projection surface 30 toward the driver's seat. The light of the first image 70 is projected on the selected combiner plate 20s by the virtual image display 40. Since one selected as the selected combiner plate 20 s is changed among the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23, the light of each first image 70 projected onto each projection plane 30 is different from each projection plane 30. An image is formed at an imaging position at a distance.

  More specifically, when the combiner plate 21 is the selected combiner plate 20s, the light of the first image 70 projected on the far projection surface 31 is, for example, about 1.5 meters ahead of the far projection surface 31 and the far virtual image 61. (See FIG. 5). When the combiner plate 22 is the selected combiner plate 20s, the light of the first image 70 projected onto the intermediate projection plane 32 is, for example, about 0.7 meters ahead of the intermediate projection plane 32, and the intermediate virtual image 62 (see FIG. 6). ). When the combiner plate 23 is the selected combiner plate 20s, the light of the first image 70 projected onto the near projection plane 33 is, for example, a near virtual image 63 (see FIG. 1) about 0.5 meters ahead of the near projection plane 33. ).

  The virtual image display 40 is configured to emit light of the first image 70 toward the projection surface 30 of the selected combiner plate 20s arranged in the first projection range PA1. The virtual image display 40 is arranged behind the combiner unit 20 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle A. The virtual image display 40 includes a liquid crystal panel 41, a virtual image light source 43, and the like.

  The liquid crystal panel 41 has a display surface 42. The display surface 42 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape. A large number of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged on the display surface 42. Each pixel is provided with red, green, and blue sub-pixels. The liquid crystal panel 41 can color-display various first images 70 on the display surface 42 by controlling the light transmittance of the sub-pixels. In the following description, the first image 70 formed on the display surface 42 is particularly referred to as an “intermediate image 70b”.

  The liquid crystal panel 41 is installed in the housing 50 so that the display surface 42 faces the projection surface 30 of the selected combiner plate 20s. On the display surface 42, an intermediate image 70b formed as a virtual image 60 is formed in a form in which distortion caused by reflection on the projection surface 30 is corrected.

  The virtual image light source 43 includes a plurality of LEDs that emit white light source light and a prism that guides light emitted from each LED to the liquid crystal panel 41. The light emitted from each LED is guided to the back side of the display surface 42 to transmit and illuminate the first image 70 formed on the display surface 42. The light that has passed through the display surface 42 is projected onto the projection surface 30 in the first projection range PA1.

  The real image display 45 is disposed in front of the combiner unit 20 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle A. The real image display 45 is the first image 70 toward the projection surface 30 of one of the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 (hereinafter referred to as the evacuation combiner plate 20r) arranged in the second projection range PA2. The light of the different second image 75 is emitted. The retreat combiner plate 20r is one of the two combiner plates retreated to a position outside the first projection range PA1. The second projection range PA2 is defined below the first projection range PA1. The second projection range PA2 is set on a virtual optical axis line from the real image display 45 to the viewpoint position of the driver D. The real image display 45 includes a liquid crystal panel 46, a real image light source 48, and the like.

  The liquid crystal panel 46 has substantially the same configuration as the liquid crystal panel 41 of the virtual image display 40. The liquid crystal panel 46 has a display surface 47 capable of displaying the second image 75 in color. The liquid crystal panel 46 is installed in the housing 50 so that the display surface 47 faces the projection surface 30 of the retractable combiner plate 20r. The content of the second image 75 formed on the display surface 47 may be substantially the same as the first image 70 or may be different from the first image 70.

  Similar to the virtual image light source 43, the real image light source 48 includes a plurality of LEDs that emit white light source light and a prism that guides light emitted from each LED to the liquid crystal panel 46. The light emitted from each LED is guided to the back side of each display surface 47 and illuminates the second image 75 formed on the display surface 47. The light that has passed through the display surface 47 is projected onto the projection surface 30 in the second projection range PA2, thereby causing the real image 65 of the second image 75 to be emitted and displayed on the back surface of the retractor combiner plate 20r.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the housing 50 is a housing of the HUD device 100 formed in a box shape from a resin material. The housing 50 accommodates the virtual image display 40, the real image display 45, and the control circuit 80 (see FIG. 4). The housing 50 is accommodated in the instrument panel 11 so that it is difficult for the driver D to visually recognize the housing 50. The housing 50 is provided with a first projection opening 51, a second projection opening 53, a combiner support portion 55, and an accommodation recess 57.

  The first projection opening 51 is a through-opening formed in the irradiation range of light emitted from the display surface 42 to the projection surface 30 of the selection combiner plate 20 s among the plurality of wall portions constituting the housing 50. The second projection opening 53 is a through-opening formed in the irradiation range of light emitted from the display surface 47 to the projection surface 30 of the retracting combiner plate 20r among the plurality of wall portions constituting the housing 50. A transmissive lid member 52 and a transmissive lid member 54 are fitted in the first projection opening 51 and the second projection opening 53, respectively. Each of the transmission lid members 52 and 54 is formed in a plate shape by a translucent resin material. The transmission lid members 52 and 54 allow the light of the images 70 and 75 to pass through and physically block the projection openings 51 and 53, thereby preventing dust and dust from entering the housing 50. Yes.

  The combiner support portion 55 is a bearing portion formed on both side walls of the housing 50 that face each other in the width direction of the vehicle A. The combiner support portion 55 supports both ends of the holding shaft portion 28 in the axial direction so that the combiner unit 20 can rotate with respect to the housing 50. The combiner unit 20 is attached to the combiner support portion 55 in a posture in which the axial direction of the holding shaft portion 28 is aligned with the width direction of the vehicle A.

  The housing recess 57 is a recessed portion provided on the upper surface of the housing 50. The opening 58 of the housing recess 57 has a curved shape in accordance with the shape of the upper surface of the instrument panel 11. The housing recess 57 houses at least a part of the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 and the holding shaft portion 28. In the first embodiment, two of the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 excluding the selected combiner plate 20 s are accommodated in the accommodating recess 57.

  The switching mechanism 90 is a mechanism that rotates and displaces the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 integrally with the holding shaft portion 28. The switching mechanism 90 can switch the selected combiner plate 20s arranged in the first projection range PA1 among the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 by rotating the combiner unit 20 around the rotation axis RA. The switching mechanism 90 includes a stepping motor 91, a reduction gear unit 92, and the like.

  The stepping motor 91 is, for example, a permanent magnet type motor, and outputs a rotational force for displacing the combiner unit 20 from the output shaft. The reduction gear unit 92 has a configuration in which one or a plurality of transmission gears are engaged. The reduction gear portion 92 transmits the rotation to the holding shaft portion 28 while reducing the rotation of the stepping motor 91. With such a configuration, the switching mechanism 90 can displace the angular position of the combiner unit 20 by the rotation of the output shaft of the stepping motor 91.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 3, the control circuit 80 is a circuit that controls display by the HUD device 100. The control circuit 80 is mainly configured by a microcontroller 81 having a processor, a RAM, a storage medium, and the like. The control circuit 80 is connected to a display control device 88 mounted on the vehicle A in addition to the liquid crystal panels 41 and 46, the light sources 43 and 48, and the stepping motor 91.

  The display control device 88 is connected to a communication bus 89 mounted on the vehicle A. Information on the vehicle A based on the detection results of various mounted sensors is output to the communication bus 89. The display control device 88 acquires information on the vehicle A through the communication bus 89. The display control device 88 selects the first image 70 for notifying the driver D of the acquired information on the vehicle A. In addition, the display control device 88 selects the projection plane 30 having an enlargement ratio suitable for the projection of the selected first image 70 based on the acquired information characteristic of the vehicle A. The display control device 88 outputs a control signal for projecting the selected first image 70 onto the selected projection surface 30 to the control circuit 80.

  The control circuit 80 performs display control of the liquid crystal panels 41 and 46 and light emission control of the light sources 43 and 48 according to the control signal output from the display control device 88. In addition, the control circuit 80 performs rotation control of the combiner unit 20 by the switching mechanism 90. Thereby, the switching mechanism 90 selects the selected combiner plate 20s associated with the first image 70 projected by the virtual image display 40, and stepping is performed so that the selected selected combiner plate 20s is arranged in the first projection range PA1. The operation of the motor 91 is controlled.

  Based on the control by the control circuit 80 and the display control device 88 described above, details of the virtual image 60 and the real image 65 displayed by the HUD device 100 will be further described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, at least one of the urgency level and the importance level is high, and a first image 70 that notifies the driver D (see FIG. 3) information that should be immediately recognized is displayed as a far virtual image 61. For example, the first image 70 relating to the preventive safety display and the road guidance display is associated with the far projection plane 31 (see FIG. 3) and is projected onto the far projection plane 31. For example, an AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking) indicator image 71a for notifying the operation of the collision damage reduction (automatic) brake mounted on the vehicle A (see FIG. 3) is displayed as the far virtual image 61 of the preventive safety display. In addition, a turn-by-turn image 71b or the like for notifying a point to turn left or right is displayed as a far virtual image 61 on the road guidance display. These images 71a and 71b are temporarily displayed only during a period in which the information to be notified is valid.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a first image 70 that mainly notifies information as feedback for the input of the driver D (see FIG. 3) is displayed as an intermediate virtual image 62. Specifically, an entertainment device mounted on the vehicle A (see FIG. 3) and a first image 70 related to the comfort device are associated with the intermediate projection plane 32 (see FIG. 3). Projected onto the intermediate projection plane 32. For example, a track image 72 for notifying information on the music selected by the driver D, an image for notifying the set temperature of the air conditioner selected by the driver D, and the like are displayed as the intermediate virtual image 62.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a first image 70 that mainly notifies the state of the vehicle A is associated with the near projection plane 33, projected onto the near projection plane 33, and displayed as a near virtual image 63. For example, a vehicle speed image 73 indicating the traveling speed of the vehicle A, an eco-drive indicator image based on the instantaneous fuel consumption of the vehicle A, and the like are displayed as the near virtual image 63.

  The second image 75 mainly notifies the state of the vehicle A in the same manner as the image associated with the neighboring projection plane 33 among the plurality of types of first images 70. For example, a host vehicle status image 75a, a shift indicator image 75b, a fuel gauge image 75c, and the like imitating the external shape of the vehicle A are displayed as the real image 65.

  Each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 according to the first embodiment described so far is provided with the projection surfaces 30 having different magnifications. Therefore, if the selection combiner plate 20s arranged in the first projection range PA1 and projected by the light emitted from the virtual image display 40 is switched by the switching mechanism 90, the enlargement ratio from the intermediate image 70b to the virtual image 60 is also changed. The As a result, for example, the size and the imaging position of the virtual image 60 are clear according to a change in display items related to the operation of an in-vehicle device such as an air conditioner, a change in the situation of the vehicle A, or a selection operation of the driver D. Can be changed.

  With such a HUD device 100, the first image 70 notifies the driver D of the imaging position at which the light of the first image 70 is formed as a virtual image 60 by switching the combiner plates 21 to 23. It can be changed as appropriate according to the characteristics of the information. Therefore, the HUD device 100 can display the first image 70 for notifying information in a virtual image so that the driver D can notice it accurately.

  In addition, in the first embodiment, the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 are integrated by the holding shaft portion 28. Therefore, the switching mechanism 90 does not have to move the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 individually. As described above, the configuration of the switching mechanism 90 can be simplified.

  In the first embodiment, the plurality of combiner plates 21 to 23 integrated with the holding shaft portion 28 rotate around the rotation axis RA. Therefore, the switching mechanism 90 has an operation of moving the newly selected combiner plate to the first projection range PA1 and an operation of retracting the combiner plate arranged in the first projection range PA1 when switching the combiner plate. Can be done at the same time. According to the above, since the switching time of the selected combiner plate 20s can be shortened, the virtual image display interruption time associated with the switching can be shortened.

  Further, as in the first embodiment, if the various first images 70 and the respective combiner plates 21 to 23 are associated with each other, the imaging position of each first image 70 that notifies the driver D of information is It can be a suitable position for notifying the information. Therefore, the HUD device 100 can display the first image 70 for notifying information so that the driver D can accurately recognize it.

  In addition, in the HUD device 100 of the first embodiment, the second image 75 is displayed as a real image on the convex back surface of the retractor combiner plate 20r arranged in the second projection range PA2. The display position of such a real image 65 is clearly different from the display position of each virtual image 60 because it is on the back surface of the retractable combiner plate 20r. As described above, the HUD device 100 can further widen the range of expression of information presentation by combining the real image display utilizing the retraction combiner plate 20r not used for the virtual image display with the virtual image display.

  In the first embodiment, the retracting combiner plate 20r corresponds to the “retracting projection member”, the combiner plates 21 to 23 correspond to the “projecting member”, and the holding shaft portion 28 corresponds to the “holding portion”. Further, the vehicle A corresponds to a “moving body”, and the first projection range PA1 corresponds to a “projection range”.

(Second embodiment)
The HUD device 200 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is a modification of the first embodiment. The HUD device 200 according to the second embodiment includes a combiner unit 220, a housing 250, a switching mechanism 290, a virtual image display 40 and a control circuit 80 (see FIG. 4) that are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. Yes. The combiner unit 220, the housing 250, and the switching mechanism 290 are structures corresponding to the elements 20, 50, 90 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) of the first embodiment. Further, from the HUD device 200, a configuration corresponding to the real image display 45 (see FIG. 3) of the first embodiment is omitted. When viewed from the driver D, the HUD device 200 is disposed above and behind the combination meter 110, for example.

  The combiner unit 220 includes a plurality (three) of combiner plates 221 to 223 provided separately from the windshield 13 of the vehicle A, and a slide support portion 228 that supports the combiner plates 221 to 223. It is configured. Each of the combiner plates 221 to 223 has a configuration corresponding to each of the combiner plates 21 to 23 of the first embodiment, and is a half mirror having a projection surface 30 having a concave mirror function. In each of the combiner plates 221 to 223, the enlargement ratios of the projection surfaces 30 are different from each other. The combiner plates 221 to 223 are arranged along the front-rear direction of the vehicle A in a posture in which the projection surfaces 30 face the driver's seat.

  The combiner plate 221 having the far projection surface 31 is located in the front of the three combiner plates 221 to 223 farthest from the virtual image display 40. The combiner plate 223 having the near projection surface 33 is located in the rear of the three combiner plates 221 to 223 that is closest to the virtual image display 40. A combiner plate 222 having an intermediate projection surface 32 is located between the two combiner plates 221 and 223.

  The slide support 228 is fixed to the housing 250. The slide support portion 228 is formed with a plurality of guide grooves 229 extending along the vertical direction of the vehicle A. Each combiner plate 221 to 223 is individually attached to each guide groove 229. The slide support portion 228 supports the combiner plates 221 to 223 so as to be movable up and down in the vertical direction of the vehicle A by the guide grooves 229. Each of the combiner plates 221 to 223 can be individually protruded from the housing 250 by the support of the slide support portion 228.

  The above combiner unit 220 is arranged in the first projection range PA1 by causing one of the three combiner plates 221 to 223 to protrude from the housing 250 as the selected combiner plate 220s. Of the three combiner plates 221 to 223, the other two except the selected combiner plate 220s are accommodated in the housing 250. By changing one lifted as the selected combiner plate 220s, the combiner unit 220 can switch the enlargement ratio of the projection plane 30, and thus the imaging position of each virtual image 60.

  The housing 250 holds the slide support portion 228 by both side wall portions facing each other in the width direction of the vehicle A. A projection opening 251 and a plate opening 255 are formed in the housing 250. The projection opening 251 corresponds to the first projection opening 51 of the first embodiment, and is closed by a translucent transmission lid member 252. The plate opening 255 is formed above the combiner plates 221 to 223. The plate opening 255 can pass the selective combiner plate 220s protruding from the housing 250.

  The switching mechanism 290 is a mechanism that moves the combiner plates 221 to 223 individually. In accordance with a control signal from the control circuit 80 (see FIG. 4), the switching mechanism 290 can cause the selected combiner plate 220 s to protrude into the first projection range PA 1 and draw another combiner plate into the housing 250. By such an operation, the selected combiner plate 220s arranged in the first projection range PA1 is switched among the plurality of combiner plates 221 to 223.

  The switching mechanism 290 is a screw mechanism that includes, for example, a plurality of sets of screw shafts and screw nuts, and a plurality of motors. Each screw shaft extends in the vertical direction along each guide groove 229. Each screw nut is screwed with a screw shaft. Each screw nut is fixed to each combiner plate 221 to 223, respectively. The screw nut can move integrally with each of the combiner plates 221 to 223 along the rotating screw shaft. Each motor is a servo motor, a stepping motor, or the like, and is provided for each screw shaft. The switching mechanism 290 allows each of the combiner plates 221 to 223 to move up and down along the guide grooves 229 by individually rotating the screw shafts by the motors.

  Even in the second embodiment described so far, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the size and the imaging position of the virtual image 60 can be clearly changed by switching the selection combiner plate 220s. Therefore, the HUD device 200 can display a virtual image of the first image 70 for notifying information so that the driver D can notice it accurately. In the second embodiment, the combiner plates 221 to 223 correspond to “projection members”, and the slide support portion 228 corresponds to “support portions”.

(Third embodiment)
The HUD device 300 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is another modification of the first embodiment. The HUD device 300 includes a combiner unit 320 instead of the combiner unit 20 (see FIG. 3) of the first embodiment. The projection planes 330 partitioned into the combiner plates 321 to 323 of the combiner unit 320 are different not only in magnification but also in transmittance.

  Each combiner plate 321 to 323 is a half mirror that transmits a part of incident light and reflects the other part as in the first embodiment. Each of the combiner plates 321 to 323 is formed of smoke plates having different concentrations. As a result, the projection surfaces 330 of the combiner plates 321 to 323 have different transmittances and exhibit different reflectances. Therefore, each projection surface 330 functions as a concave mirror having different magnification and reflectance.

  Specifically, the combiner plate 321 is formed with a far projection surface 331 having the largest enlargement ratio. The transmittance of the far projection plane 331 is set to the lowest value (for example, 20%) among the three projection planes 330. The combiner plate 323 is formed with a vicinity projection surface 333 having the smallest enlargement ratio. The transmittance of the neighboring projection surface 333 is set to the highest value (for example, 70%) among the three projection surfaces 330. On the combiner plate 322, an intermediate projection surface 332 having an intermediate magnification ratio between the far projection surface 331 and the near projection surface 333 is formed. The transmittance of the intermediate projection plane 332 is set to a value (for example, 40%) that is higher than the far projection plane 331 and lower than the neighboring projection plane 333.

  With the above transmittance settings, the reflectance of the far projection surface 331 is higher than the reflectances of the intermediate projection surface 332 and the near projection surface 333. As a result, the virtual image 60 formed when the combiner plate 321 is the selected combiner plate 320s has higher brightness than the virtual image 60 when the other combiner plates 322 and 323 are the selected combiner plate 320s. On the other hand, the reflectance of the near projection surface 333 is lower than the reflectances of the far projection surface 331, the intermediate projection surface 332, and the near projection surface 333. As a result, the virtual image 60 formed when the combiner plate 323 is the selected combiner plate 320s has lower brightness than the virtual image 60 when the other combiner plates 321 and 322 are the selected combiner plate 320s.

  As an example, when the environment outside the vehicle A is very bright such as in fine weather, the distant projection surface 331 having a low transmittance is controlled by the control mechanism 80 (see FIG. 4), so that the distant projection surface 331 has a low transmittance. Placed in. Thus, by using the distant projection surface 331 having a high reflectance, it is possible to ensure the visibility of the virtual image 60 even in an environment with a lot of external light. Even when the urgency of the information notified to the driver D is high, the distant projection surface 331 having a high reflectance is disposed in the first projection range PA1. As a result, information missed by the driver D is reduced by the notification using the high-luminance virtual image 60. On the other hand, in a dark environment such as at night, the near projection surface 333 having a high transmittance is arranged in the first projection range PA1. Thus, by using the low-reflectance vicinity projection surface 333, the virtual image 60 that is difficult to feel dazzling can be displayed even for the driver D who is darkly adapted.

  Even in the third embodiment described so far, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the HUD device 300 can display the virtual image 60 that is easily noticed by the driver D accurately. In addition, in the third embodiment, the luminance of the virtual image 60 is adjusted according to the external light amount, the urgency level of information, and the like by the configuration that selectively uses a plurality of combiner plates 321 to 323 having different transmittances. According to the above, information notified by the virtual image 60 is more reliably transmitted to the driver D. In the third embodiment, the combiner plates 321 to 323 correspond to “projection members”.

(Fourth embodiment)
The HUD device 400 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is a modification of the third embodiment. The HUD device 400 includes a combiner unit 420 instead of the combiner unit 20 (see FIG. 3) of the first embodiment. The combiner unit 420 includes two combiner plates 421 and 423, a cover plate 426, a holding shaft portion 28, and the like. At least a part of the combiner unit 420 is accommodated in an accommodation recess 457 provided in the housing 450.

  The combiner plates 421 and 423 have a configuration corresponding to the combiner plates 321 and 323 (see FIG. 9) of the third embodiment. A far projection plane 431 is defined on the combiner plate 421. The combiner plate 423 is partitioned with a proximity projection plane 433. The transmittance (for example, 20%) of the far projection surface 431 is set to a value lower than the transmittance (for example, 70%) of the near projection surface 433. According to the above setting, the reflectance of the far projection plane 431 is higher than the reflectance of the near projection plane 433. Therefore, the virtual image 60 in the case of projecting light from the virtual image display 40 to the far projection plane 431 is displayed with higher brightness than the virtual image 60 in the case of projecting light from the virtual image display 40 to the nearby projection plane 433.

  The cover plate 426 is formed in a flat plate shape using a light shielding resin material or the like. The outer shape of the cover plate 426 is a substantially rectangular shape that is substantially the same as the outer shape of each of the combiner plates 421 and 423. The texture and color of the surface of the cover plate 426 are matched to the upper surface of the instrument panel 11.

  The holding shaft portion 28 is supported by the housing 450 so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis RA. The holding shaft portion 28 is disposed in the middle of the opening 458 of the housing recess 457 in the front-rear direction with a posture along the rotation axis RA in the width direction of the vehicle A. One long side of each of the combiner plates 421 and 423 and one long side of the cover plate 426 are attached to the holding shaft portion 28.

  The combiner plates 421 and 423 and the cover plate 426 are held by the holding shaft portion 28 in a state of being spaced apart from each other around the rotation axis RA. In the circumferential direction of the rotation axis RA, the cover plate 426 and the combiner plate 423 are positioned with a shift of about 180 °. The outer shapes of the combiner plates 421 and 423 and the cover plate 426 are similar to the half area of the opening 458 divided forward and backward by the holding shaft portion 28, and are slightly smaller than the half area of the opening 458. Has been.

  The combiner unit 420 configured as described above serves as a dust-proof cover that substantially covers the opening 458 when the two combiner plates 421 and 423 are both retracted from the first projection range PA1. Make it work. Specifically, the cover plate 426 covers a front area far from the driver D among the two areas of the opening 458 defined by the holding shaft portion 28 (see FIG. 10). On the other hand, the combiner plate 423 covers a rear area close to the driver D among the two areas of the opening 458 defined by the holding shaft portion 28.

  In addition, when one combiner plate 423 is located in the first projection range PA1, the other combiner plate 421 extends from the holding shaft portion 28 toward the lower side of the virtual image display 40 (see FIG. 11). ). With this arrangement, when the virtual image 60 is displayed, the combiner plate 421 functions as a dust-proof cover that covers the space below the virtual image display 40 in the housing recess 457.

  The fourth embodiment described so far has the same effect as the first embodiment. In addition, in the fourth embodiment, when the virtual image 60 is not displayed, the combiner plates 421 and 423 are accommodated in the accommodating recess 457 so as not to protrude from the instrument panel 11. In addition, the combiner plate 423 and the cover plate 426 are used as a dust-proof cover, and make it difficult for the driver D to visually recognize the housing recess 457. According to the above, the appearance in front of the driver's seat when the virtual image 60 is not displayed is improved.

  Further, the combiner plate 421 and the cover plate 426 cover the substantially entire opening 458, thereby preventing dust and dust from entering the housing recess 457 recessed from the instrument panel 11. When the virtual image 60 is displayed, the combiner plate 421 covers the driver D side of the housing recess 457 under the virtual image display 40. Due to the arrangement of the combiner plate 421, the appearance of the upper surface of the instrument panel 11 when the virtual image 60 is displayed is also maintained high. In the fourth embodiment, the combiner plates 421 and 423 correspond to “projection members”, and the cover plate 426 corresponds to “lid members”.

(Fifth embodiment)
The HUD device 500 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is a modification of the fourth embodiment. In the housing 550 of the HUD device 500, an optical path recess 559 is formed in addition to the housing recess 557. The optical path recess 559 is formed behind the housing recess 557 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and is recessed with respect to the instrument panel 11 like the housing recess 557. The virtual image display 40 is accommodated in one of the side walls of the optical path recess 559 that is located closest to the driver D. The optical path recess 559 forms an optical path from the virtual image display 40 toward the first projection range PA1.

  Similar to the fourth embodiment, the combiner unit 520 includes two combiner plates 521 and 523 and a cover plate 526 held by the holding shaft portion 28. When the virtual image 60 is not displayed, the combiner unit 520 can position the cover plate 526 and the combiner plate 523 in the opening 558 of the housing recess 557 (see FIG. 12). As described above, the cover plate 526 and the combiner plate 523 function as a dust-proof cover that substantially closes the opening 558.

  In addition, when the combiner plate 523 is positioned in the first projection range PA1, the combiner unit 520 can close the region closer to the driver D than the holding shaft portion 28 in the opening 558 by the combiner plate 521. (See FIG. 13). Further, when the combiner plate 521 is positioned in the first projection range PA1, the combiner unit 520 can close almost the entire opening 558 by the combiner plate 523 and the cover plate 526.

  Even in the fifth embodiment described so far, the same effects as in the fourth embodiment are obtained, and in particular, the cover plate 526 and the combiner plates 521 and 523 function as a dust-proof cover that closes the opening 558 of the housing recess 557. In the fifth embodiment, the combiner plates 521 and 523 correspond to “projection members”, and the cover plate 526 corresponds to “lid members”.

(Reference example)
The HUD device 600 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 has a configuration in which the combiner unit 520 (see FIG. 12) of the fifth embodiment is replaced with a combiner unit 620. The combiner unit 620 includes a single combiner plate 621, a base plate 626, a holding shaft portion 28, and the like.

  The base plate 626 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape using a light shielding resin material. The outer shape of the base plate 626 is similar to the opening 558 of the housing recess 557 and is set slightly smaller than the opening 558. The base plate 626 is formed integrally with the holding shaft portion 28 and is rotatable with respect to the housing 550.

  The combiner plate 621 is attached to one of the two planes of the base plate 626. The combiner plate 621 is held by the base plate 626 in a posture substantially orthogonal to the base plate 626. The combiner plate 621 rotates integrally with the base plate 626 and the holding shaft portion 28 and is accommodated in the accommodating recess 557.

  The combiner unit 620 rotates 180 ° when driven by the switching mechanism 90. When the HUD device 600 is presenting information by display (see FIG. 14), the combiner unit 620 closes the opening 558 by the base plate 626 and positions the combiner plate 621 in the first projection range PA1. On the other hand, when the HUD device 600 is not presenting information by display (see FIG. 15), the combiner unit 620 accommodates the combiner plate 621 in the accommodation recess 557 while closing the opening 558 with the base plate 626. As described above, in the reference example, the base plate 626 functions as a dust-proof cover that closes the opening 558 of the housing recess 557.

(Other embodiments)
Although a plurality of embodiments have been described above, the present disclosure is not construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be applied to various embodiments and combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. it can.

  In each HUD device of the above-described embodiment, only one combiner plate is disposed in the first projection range. However, a plurality of combiner plates may be arranged side by side in the first projection range. In addition, the number of combiner plates provided in the HUD device is not limited to three as in the above embodiment. The number of combiner plates provided in the HUD device can be appropriately changed as long as it is two or more.

  For example, the HUD device according to the first modification of the second embodiment is provided with two combiner plates. One combiner plate protrudes into the first projection range, and the other combiner plate is accommodated in the housing. In the first modification, the combiner plate housed in the housing is used as a retracting combiner plate, and a real image display that irradiates the second image light on the back surface of the combiner plate is provided. With the HUD device configured as described above, the second image can be displayed as a real image on the projection surface of the retractable combiner plate.

  The curvature of each combiner plate of the above embodiment is based on the curvature of the center of each projection plane, for example. The curvature of the entire projection surface may be constant at the center curvature, or may gradually change as the distance from the center increases. The magnification of each projection plane is also defined based on the curvature of each center. Note that the center of each projection plane is the center of gravity of the projection plane for convenience. Moreover, the combiner plate may form the projection surface by the concave surface of the Fresnel lens shape in which the curved surface divided | segmented into plurality is shifted in the plate | board thickness direction.

  In the third to fifth embodiments, the light transmittance is set lower as the projection surface has a larger magnification. However, the light transmittance may be set higher as the projection surface has a smaller magnification. The light transmittance and reflectance of each projection surface may be substantially the same. Furthermore, in the configuration in which a plurality of combiner plates are slidably supported as in the second embodiment, the transmittances of the projection surfaces may be set to be different from each other.

  In the above-described embodiment, a projector that combines a liquid crystal panel and a projection light source is used as each display that emits image light. However, the configuration of the display can be changed as appropriate. For example, a DLP (Digital Light Processing (registered trademark)) projector having a digital micro device (DMD) having a large number of micromirrors and a projection light source for projecting light toward the DMD can be used as the display. . Furthermore, a laser scanner having a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) mirror and a laser light source that projects light toward the MEMS mirror can be used as the display.

  In the above embodiment, the light of the image emitted from the virtual image display device is directly incident on each projection plane. However, in order to increase the optical path distance from the display surface to each projection surface, an optical system including one or a plurality of concave mirrors or plane mirrors, lenses, or the like that refracts the light of the image in the housing may be provided. Good.

  Each HUD apparatus of the said embodiment was the structure which projects the light of an image on the combiner plate protruded upwards from the instrument panel. However, the HUD device may be configured to project image light onto a combiner plate suspended from the ceiling of the vehicle A.

  The function of the display control device 88 in the above embodiment may be incorporated in the control circuit 80 of the HUD device. Or the control circuit of the other vehicle equipment mounted in the vehicle A may also serve as the function of the display control device 88. For example, a control circuit provided in the combination meter can control the virtual image display of the HUD device together with the display of the meter. Alternatively, an HCU (Human Machine Interface) control unit (HMI) that integrally controls the presentation of information to the driver may also serve as the function of the display control device 88. Furthermore, the control circuit of the portable terminal brought into the passenger compartment by the driver may also serve as the function of the display control device 88.

  In the vehicle A as in the above-described embodiment, eyelips can be set for each of the right eye and the left eye based on an eye range that statistically represents the distribution of the position of the driver's eyes. It is desirable for the HUD device to display each virtual image so that the driver can visually recognize the left and right eyes within the eyelips. In addition, the characteristic structure of this indication is applicable also to the HUD apparatus mounted in various moving bodies (transport equipment), such as ships other than a vehicle, and an aircraft.

  A vehicle (moving body), D driver (occupant), PA1 first projection range (projection range), RA rotation axis, 20r retracting combiner plate (retracting projection member), 21-23, 221-223, 321-323, 421, 423, 521, 523 Combiner plate (projection member), 426, 526 Cover plate (lid member), 28 Holding shaft part (holding part), 228 Slide support part (supporting part), 30, 330 Projection surface, 40 Virtual image Display, 45 Real image display, 50, 250, 450, 550 Housing, 57, 457, 557 Housing recess, 58, 458, 558 Opening, 60 Virtual image, 70 First image (image), 75 Second image, 90, 290 switching mechanism, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 HUD device (head-up display device)

Claims (10)

A head-up display device that is mounted on a moving body (A) and displays a virtual image (60) that is visible by an occupant (D) of the moving body,
A virtual image display (40) for emitting light of an image (70) formed as the virtual image;
Each of the projection planes has concave projection surfaces (30, 330) on which light emitted from the virtual image display is projected, displays the virtual image obtained by enlarging the image projected on the projection plane, and A plurality of projection members (21 to 23, 221 to 223, 321 to 323, 421, 423, 521, and 523) having different magnification rates,
A head-up display device comprising: a switching mechanism (90, 290) that switches the projection member arranged in the projection range (PA1) in which the light emitted from the virtual image display is projected, among the plurality of projection members. .   The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein transmittances of the plurality of projection members (321 to 323, 421, 423, 521, 523) are different from each other.   The head-up display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the plurality of projection members (321 to 323, 421, 423, 521, 523) has a different reflectance. A holding portion (28) that integrally holds the plurality of projection members;
The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching mechanism integrally displaces the plurality of projection members together with the holding unit. A housing (50, 450, 550) for rotatably supporting the holding portion;
The plurality of projection members are held at intervals around a rotation axis (RA) defined by the holding unit,
The head-up display device according to claim 4, wherein the switching mechanism switches the projection members arranged in the projection range by rotating a plurality of the projection members around the rotation axis. The housing forms an accommodation recess (457, 557) for accommodating at least a part of the plurality of projection members,
6. The projection member according to claim 5, wherein one of the plurality of projection members (421, 423, 521, 523) out of the projection range closes at least a part of the opening (458, 558) of the housing recess. Head-up display device.   Lid members (426, 526) that are held by the holding unit in an arrangement spaced around the rotation axis with respect to the plurality of projection members and block at least a part of the openings together with the projection member by rotation of the holding unit. The head-up display device according to claim 6, further comprising: A housing (250) containing a plurality of the projection members;
A support portion (228) that supports the plurality of projection members so as to protrude from the housing;
The switching mechanism causes the projection member arranged in the projection range among the plurality of projection members to protrude from the housing, and accommodates the other projection member in the housing. A head-up display device according to claim 1.   The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching mechanism arranges the projection member associated with the image projected by the virtual image display device in the projection range.   Light of a second image (75) different from the first image as the image is emitted toward the retracted projection member (20r) retracted to a position out of the projection range among the plurality of projection members. The head-up display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a real image display (45) that displays the second image on the retracting projection member as a real image.

Images