JP2012125021A - Axial gap rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an axial gap rotating machine having a novel configuration that allows cost reduction.SOLUTION: In an axial gap generator 1a, a stator 3a that faces a rotor 2a has stator magnetic poles that include magnetic pole pairs 33 of radially outer magnetic poles 35a and radially inner magnetic poles 36a. The radially outer magnetic pole 35a and the radially inner magnetic pole 36a of one magnetic pole pair 33 are opposite in polarity to the radially outer magnetic poles 35a and the radially inner magnetic poles 36a of the adjacent magnetic pole pairs 33, respectively. At least those of the radially outer magnetic poles 35a and the radially inner magnetic poles 36a that are the same in polarity are formed of permanent magnets. In between the radially outer magnetic poles 35a and the radially inner magnetic poles 36a, an annular coil 4 is provided so as to circle around a magnetic pole face, thereby lowering the amount of coils.

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating machine that is mainly used as a generator, and more particularly, to providing an unprecedented new configuration that reduces costs.

  Conventionally, an axial gap type rotating machine used as a generator basically has a structure in which the rotor and the stator are arranged in the rotor axial direction so that the magnetic pole surfaces face each other, and is lighter and smaller than the radial gap type. A large magnetic pole area can be secured, which is useful as various generators and wind power generators for vehicles (automobiles).

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventional axial gap type rotating machine 100 that can also be used for a wind power generator. This axial gap type rotating machine 100 is circular with a rotor shaft (rotating shaft) (not shown) provided at intervals. Three plate-like rotors 103, 105, 103 are attached, and a disk-like stator 104 is arranged in a gap between these rotors 103, 105, 103, and three rotors 103, 105, 103 and two The stators 104, 104 are alternately arranged in a five-layer structure so that the magnetic pole faces face each other. The two rotors 103, 103 at both ends are provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 106 a on the outer diameter side and a plurality of permanent magnets 106 b on the inner diameter side in an annular shape on one surface (magnetic pole surface) facing the stator 104. In the center (middle) rotor 105, a plurality of permanent magnets 107a on the outer diameter side and a plurality of permanent magnets 107b on the inner diameter side are annularly arranged on both surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) facing the stators 104, 104, respectively. Yes. The two stators 104, 104 have a coil 108 a concentrated on a plurality of magnetic pole positions on the outer diameter side and a coil 108 b concentrated on a plurality of magnetic pole positions on the inner diameter side on both surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces). It is arranged in an annular shape. Then, when the rotor shaft rotates, the rotors 103, 105, and 103 rotate, and the power generation output (electromotive force) is extracted from the coils 108a and 108b of the stators 104 and 104 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-72009 A

  In the case of the axial gap type rotating machine 100 of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide a large number of coils 108a and 108b for taking out the power generation output particularly in the stators 104 and 104, and the amount of coils becomes extremely large. Therefore, there is a problem that the axial gap type rotating machine 100 is heavy and large, is not easily assembled, and is expensive.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an axial gap type rotating machine having a novel configuration that has not been achieved so far in order to reduce costs.

  In order to achieve the above object, an axial gap type rotating machine according to the present invention is arranged such that the rotor and the stator are arranged in the rotor axial direction so that the magnetic pole surfaces face each other, and the rotor magnetic poles are arranged in the circumferential direction on the rotor. An axial gap type rotating machine in which stator magnetic poles are arranged in the circumferential direction on the stator, and either one of the rotor magnetic poles and the stator magnetic poles is composed of a magnetic pole pair of an outer diameter side magnetic pole and an inner diameter side magnetic pole, In the magnetic pole pair, the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole are opposite in polarity to the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole of the adjacent magnetic pole pair, and the outer diameter side magnetic pole The inner diameter side magnetic pole is formed of a permanent magnet having at least the same polarity, and an annular coil is provided between the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole so as to go around the magnetic pole surface. (Claim 1).

  The axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention is characterized in that the annular coil is provided in the stator (claim 2).

  Further, the axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention is characterized in that the stator magnetic pole is constituted by the magnetic pole pair, and the rotor magnetic pole is an iron core magnetic pole.

  Further, the axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention is characterized in that what is not formed by the permanent magnets of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole is an iron core magnetic pole, and includes a field coil for exciting the iron core magnetic pole. (Claim 4).

  In the axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention according to claim 1, in the case of a generator, the polarities of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole are opposite to those of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole of the adjacent magnetic pole pair. Therefore, when the rotor rotates, an electromotive force is generated alternately in the annular coil at a position between the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole, and a square wave single-phase power generation output is taken out from the annular coil. .

  And since the said annular coil which takes out an electric power generation output is provided so that it may go around a magnetic pole surface in the position between an outer diameter side magnetic pole and an inner diameter side magnetic pole, without providing the coil which takes out an electric power generation output for every magnetic pole pair The power generation output can be taken out by using the annular coil as a common coil of each magnetic pole pair. In this case, the required amount of coil is smaller than when a coil that extracts the power generation output is provided for each magnetic pole pair, etc., and the axial gap type rotating machine can be configured to be lightweight, small, and simple, improving coil manufacturability and assembly. In addition, the cost can be reduced.

  The axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention according to claim 2 is provided with the annular coil on the non-rotating stator side. Therefore, in the case of a generator, the extraction of the power generation output from the annular coil is provided on the rotating rotor side. Can be easily and inexpensively provided without providing the necessary rotatable contact structure.

  In the axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention according to claim 3, permanent magnets are used for the stator magnetic poles of the stator that does not rotate, and permanent magnets are not used for the rotating rotor. And since the structure of a rotor becomes a robust structure only of a salient pole, a rotor is strong to a centrifugal force and high rotation is possible. Therefore, the axial gap generator has a high output, and is smaller and lighter.

  In the case of a generator, the axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention according to claim 4 has an advantage that the voltage of the power generation output can be adjusted by adjusting the energization to the field coil.

It is a perspective view of the axial gap type rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the example of the taking-out circuit of the electric power generation output of the axial gap type rotary machine of FIG. It is a perspective view of the axial gap type rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a side view of the assembled state of FIG. 3, and (b) is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. The axial gap type | mold rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a side view of the assembled state, (b) is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. It is a perspective view of the axial gap type rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a side view of the assembled state of FIG. 6, and (b) is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. The axial gap type rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 5th Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a side view of the assembled state, (b) is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. (A) is the side view of the stator of the 5th Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the rear view which looked at the stator from the back surface. (A) is the perspective view which removed a part of stator of the 5th Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a perspective view of a stator yoke. It is a perspective view of the axial gap type rotary machine before the assembly | attachment of the 6th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a front view of the rotor magnetic pole surface of FIG. 11, (b) is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. It is a perspective view before the conventional assembly | attachment.

  Next, in order to describe the present invention in more detail, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In these drawings, motor shafts and cross-sectional hatching are omitted as appropriate.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a permanent magnet / axial gap type generator 1a which is an axial gap type rotating machine of this embodiment. In this generator 1a, a disk-shaped rotor 2a and a stator 3a are opposed to each other in magnetic pole face. The rotor 2a is mounted on the rotor shaft that passes through the central opening 21 and rotates together with the rotor shaft, and the stator 3a is fixed by a fixing means (not shown) and fixed to the central opening 31. The rotor shaft is loosely inserted into the shaft.

  The rotor 2a has a disk-like rotor case 22a made of a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material (aluminum or resin), and is provided with a dust core or the like on two magnetic pole face sides that are 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction of the rotor case 22a. A rotor magnetic pole 23 of an iron core magnetic pole formed by fitting a formed approximately 90 degree fan-shaped salient pole is disposed so as to face the magnetic pole surface of the stator 3a.

  The stator 3a has four fan-shaped magnetic poles of approximately 90 degrees divided into approximately ¼ of the magnetic pole surface as the stator magnetic poles on the magnetic pole surface facing the rotor 2a of the disk-shaped stator yoke 32. The pair 33 is provided in the circumferential direction with a gap 34 for separation. In order to obtain a power generation output, it is desirable to provide the stator 3 with the number of magnetic pole pairs 33 that is twice the number of the rotor magnetic poles 23. Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, the number of magnetic pole pairs 33 as the stator magnetic poles is set to four for the two rotor magnetic poles 23.

  Each magnetic pole pair 33 is divided into an outer diameter side and an inner diameter side with a gap for providing an annular coil 4 to be described later at the center in the radial direction. The outer diameter side has an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a, and the inner diameter side has an inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a. Form.

  In the present embodiment, the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a are both formed of permanent magnets.

  The outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a may be in contact with each other, but if the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a are in contact with each other, the portion does not function effectively as a magnetic pole. The side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a are preferably electromagnetically insulated and separated by providing a gap as described above.

  The magnetic poles on the magnetic surface side of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of each magnetic pole pair 33 are either one of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a, and the other is the S pole. Moreover, the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a of each magnetic pole pair 33 has the opposite polarity to the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a of the magnetic pole pair 33 on both sides in the circumferential direction, and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of each magnetic pole pair 33 is also on the magnetic pole pair on both sides in the circumferential direction. The polarity is opposite to that of the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36 a of 33. Therefore, the combination of the magnetic poles on the magnetic pole face side of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35 a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36 a of each magnetic pole pair 33 is alternated for each magnetic pole pair 33 and reversed.

  Next, in the position between the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35 a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36 a of each magnetic pole pair 33, that is, in the above-described gap in the radial center of each magnetic pole pair 33, an appropriate turn for taking out the power generation output is provided. A number of annular coils 4 are provided in a loop around the magnetic pole surface. Further, both ends 4 a and 4 b of the annular coil 4 are drawn from the generator 1.

  When the rotor shaft of the axial gap generator 1 having the above configuration rotates, the rotor 2a supported by the rotor shaft rotates. The rotor magnetic poles 23 having two salient pole structures separated by 180 degrees have a magnetic pole arrangement of the outer diameter side magnetic poles 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic poles 36a of the stator 3a while the rotor 2a rotates by a quarter (half cycle of electrical angle). Simultaneously pass through the same two magnetic pole pairs 33 separated by 180 degrees and the rotor 2a further rotates by 1/4, the magnetic pole arrangement of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of the stator 3a is opposite to the previous one. The two magnetic pole pairs 33 separated by 180 are simultaneously passed. By this repetition, the annular coil 4 generates a square-wave pulsed electromotive force that alternates between positive and negative each time the rotor 2a rotates halfway and is taken out from both ends 4a and 4b of the annular coil 4.

  Therefore, the axial gap generator 1a of this embodiment has the following effects (1) to (5).

  (1) Since the stator magnetic pole is formed by the magnetic pole pair 33 divided into the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a, the stator yoke is compared with a case where stator magnetic poles having different polarities are provided in the circumferential direction of the stator 3a. 32 becomes thinner.

  (2) The electromotive force of each magnetic pole pair 33 is extracted by one large-diameter annular coil 4 that circulates around the magnetic pole surface of the stator 3a, instead of the concentrated winding coil having a small diameter for each magnetic pole pair of Patent Document 1. The axial gap generator 1a has a small amount of coils, can be light and small in size, can be simply configured, and can easily improve the productivity of the coils and the assembly to the stator, thereby reducing the cost.

  (3) Since the stator magnetic pole of the stator 3a that does not rotate is formed by the magnetic pole pair 33 of the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet is not attached to the iron core rotor magnetic pole 23 of the salient pole structure of the rotating rotor 2a, the rotor 2a has a robust structure become.

  (4) In the rotor 2a, the portion of the rotor magnetic pole 23 that faces each magnetic pole pair 33 of the stator 3a is housed in the rotor case 22a as a magnetic material, so that the rotor case 22a can be formed of resin or the like to reduce the weight.

  (5) When the rotor magnetic pole 23 protrudes from the rotor case 22a and the annular coil 4 has a portion protruding from the stator 3a, a concave portion is formed in the annular coil 4 portion of the rotor magnetic pole 23, and the stator of the annular coil 4 is formed in this concave portion. The axial length of the axial gap generator 1a can be shortened by rotatably accommodating the portion protruding from 3a.

  By the way, the square-wave pulsed power generation output alternating between positive and negative taken out by the annular coil 4 of the axial gap generator 1a is a single-phase alternating current whose voltage changes in proportion to the rotational speed of the rotor 2a.

  Therefore, when the axial gap type generator 1a is used as, for example, an auxiliary generator for automobiles or an ultra-high speed generator attached to the shaft of an exhaust turbo, the single-phase alternating current needs to be converted into a constant direct current voltage.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a power generation output adjustment circuit 6 that converts the single-phase alternating current of the axial gap generator 1 generated by the rotation of the rotor shaft 5 into a constant direct current voltage. The single-phase alternating current of the power generation output at both ends 4a and 4b of the two is fully rectified by a rectifier circuit 61 of a diode bridge and converted into direct current, and this direct current is smoothed by a capacitor 62. At this time, the voltage change of the DC output of the rectifier circuit 61 is larger than the capacity of the capacitor 62, and the smoothed DC output voltage Va changes in proportion to the rotational speed N of the rotor 2.

  Therefore, the DC output smoothed by the capacitor 62 is converted by the step-down converter 63 into a DC output stepped down to a desired low voltage (for example, 12 V) Vdc. The step-down converter 63 is formed by a switching transistor 64, a diode 65 for a current path when the transistor 64 is turned off, an inductor 66 for a current source, and a capacitor 67 for a low-pass filter. Based on the current change of the inductor 66 based on switching, the smoothed DC output is stepped down. At this time, the output voltage Vdc of the step-down converter 63 may be detected and the ON / OFF ratio of the switching transistor 64 may be changed to feedback-control the output voltage Vdc to be stabilized.

  A power generation output adjustment circuit suitable for the above-mentioned auxiliary generator or ultrahigh-speed generator that outputs a direct current of a desired constant voltage by assembling a board of the power generation output adjustment circuit 6 to the axial gap generator 1a. Permanent magnets / axial gap generators with a head can be provided. Note that the step-down converter 63 may have any configuration.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same or corresponding elements.

  FIG. 3 shows a state before assembling the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1b with a field coil of this embodiment, and FIG. 4 (a) is a side view of the state where the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1b is assembled. The figure (sectional view) and the figure (b) are the front views of the stator magnetic pole surface. As shown in these drawings, the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1b differs from the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1a of the first embodiment in the following points.

  A rotor 2b corresponding to the rotor 1a of the first embodiment has a magnetic disk-like rotor case 22b, and a rotor magnetic pole 23 is provided on the rotor case 22b.

  In the four magnetic pole pairs 33 of the stator 3b corresponding to the stator 3a of the first embodiment, only one of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a is formed of a permanent magnet, and the other is an iron core magnetic pole (a continuous magnetic pole). Pole).

  3 and 4, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are indicated by an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35 am and an inner diameter side magnetic pole 36 am. The outer diameter side magnetic pole 35 am is adjacent to two adjacent two magnetic pole pairs 33 across the field coil 4. The inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am is two adjacent inner diameter side magnetic poles of the other two magnetic pole pairs 33 that are adjacent to each other with the field coil 4 interposed therebetween.

  The outer diameter side magnetic pole 35am of the one two magnetic pole pair 33 is a magnetic pole having a reverse polarity. Similarly, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am of the other two magnetic pole pair 33 is also a magnetic pole having a reverse polarity. . In other words, the adjacent two magnetic pole pairs 33 on one half surface of the other side with the field coil 4 of the stator 3 are alternately arranged with the same polarity (N pole or S pole) on the outer side and the inner side. The

  Therefore, the magnetic pole surface of the stator 3b of the present embodiment has an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a of an iron core, an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35am of an N pole, an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35am of an S pole, Outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a. The inner diameter side turns clockwise from the same position as the outer diameter side in the circumferential direction to the N pole inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am, the iron core outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a, the iron core outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a, and the S pole inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am. Become.

  Further, the stator 3b includes one annular field coil 7 that excites the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of the iron core magnetic pole.

  The field coil 7 is accommodated in the recess of the gap 34 so as to be wound around the stator yoke 32, and passes over the annular coil 4 so as to intersect therewith. At this time, it is preferable that the gap 34 for accommodating the field coil 7 is recessed from the other part to the back side as viewed from the magnetic pole surface so as not to affect the rotor shaft.

  When a direct current is fed to both ends 7a and 7b of the field coil 7 and a field current flows through the field coil 7, the two outer diameter sides of the iron core magnetic poles adjacent in the circumferential direction with the field coil 7 interposed therebetween The magnetic pole 35a is excited to the N pole and the S pole, and similarly, the two inner diameter side magnetic poles 36a of the iron core magnetic poles adjacent in the circumferential direction across the field coil 7 are also excited to the N pole and the S pole. The outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of the iron core magnetic pole of each magnetic pole pair 33 are excited to have different polarities from the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35am and inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am of the permanent magnet of each adjacent magnetic pole pair 33 via the annular coil 4. Is done. Accordingly, similarly to the stator 3a of the first embodiment, the stator 3b of the present embodiment has different polarities of all the stator magnetic poles adjacent in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, and the power generation output is output from the terminals 4a, 4b of the annular coil 4. It is taken out. Therefore, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained by reducing the number of permanent magnets used.

  Here, the generated voltage (output) can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the field current, and if the field current does not flow at zero, the generated generated voltage is the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1a of the first embodiment. If the field current is negative, the generated voltage can be further reduced. That is, in the case of this embodiment, by providing the field coil 7. An advantage that the generated voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the energization direction and size is further generated.

  The magnetic path of the magnetic flux generated by the field coil 7 is a width portion (the portion indicated by the solid line B in FIG. 4B) including the permanent magnet mounting portion of the stator yoke 32, which is a magnetic pole on the inner diameter side. The width of the stator yoke 32 can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the stator yoke 32 (B> A).

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). FIG. 5A is a side view showing a state in which the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1c with a field coil according to this embodiment is assembled, and FIG. 5B is a front view of the stator magnetic pole face. FIG. 5A is a side view of a cross-sectional position cut along one-dot broken lines a and a in FIG. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 denote the same or corresponding components.

  The permanent magnet / axial gap type generator 1c differs from the permanent magnet / axial gap type generator 1b of the second embodiment in that it is replaced with one field coil 7 of the second embodiment in the circumferential direction. A plurality of (two in the figure) field coils 71a and 71b are arranged in such a manner that the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of the two iron core magnetic poles adjacent to each other via the field coils 71a and 71b have the same polarity. This is a point wound around each gap 34 so as to be excited in the direction.

  In the case of this embodiment, the field coils 71a and 71b are formed by small coils surrounding the circumferential section of the stator yoke 32, and the same effect as in the case of the second embodiment can be obtained.

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 shows a state before assembling the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1d with a field coil of this embodiment, and FIG. 7 (a) is a side view of the state where the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1d is assembled. FIG. 2B is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 to 6 denote the same or corresponding parts, and FIG. 7A is a side view of a cross-sectional position cut along one-dot broken lines b and b in FIG.

  The permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1d differs from the permanent magnet / axial gap generators 1b, 1c of the second and third embodiments in that a stator yoke 32 is used in a stator 3c similar to the stators 3a, 3b. A part of the gap 34 is cut out so as not to be connected in the circumferential direction, and is formed in the notch 34a, and the field coil 71c is formed at least in the diagonal gap 34 of the notch 34a in the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a. The inner-side magnetic pole 36a is arranged so as to be excited in the circumferential direction, and a direct current that generates magnetic flux is supplied to the field coil 71c.

  In this case, in the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1d, the magnetic flux of the field coil 7c is prevented from short circuiting around the stator yoke 32 by the notch 34a, and the outer diameter of the iron core magnetic pole of the stator 3c is prevented by the magnetic flux. The side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a are excited, and the polarity of all the stator magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the radial direction and the circumferential direction is also different in the stator 3c of this embodiment. Accordingly, the same effect as in the second and third embodiments can be obtained by one small field coil 7c.

  The field coil 71c may be provided at one place in the circumferential direction of the stator yoke 32, and may be a small coil surrounding the circumferential section of the stator yoke 32. The field coil 71a according to the third embodiment. , 71b, and the coil amount is further reduced. The field coil 7c may be wound around the stator yoke 32 using an insulating bobbin or the like, or may be directly wound around the stator yoke 32 using the gap of the opening 37.

(Fifth embodiment)
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8A is a side view of a state in which the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1e with a field coil of this embodiment is assembled, FIG. 8B is a front view of the stator magnetic pole surface, and FIG. ), (B) are a side view and a rear view of the stator 3d. FIG. 10A is a perspective view of the stator 3d with the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a of the iron core magnetic pole of the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1e attached, and FIG. ) Is a perspective view of the stator 3d in a state in which the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 36a are removed. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 to 8 denote the same or corresponding parts, and FIGS. 8A and 9A show the arrow lines in FIGS. 8B and 9B, respectively. Seen from the direction.

  Similarly to the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1e of the fourth embodiment, the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1e has a portion of the gap 34 of the stator yoke 32 in the stator 3d similar to the stator c. Formed in the notch 34a so that the magnetic flux is not connected in the circumferential direction, and one field coil 71d corresponding to the field coil 71c is inserted into at least the diagonal gap 34 of the notch 34a in the outer diameter side magnetic pole 35a. The inner-side magnetic pole 36a is arranged so as to be excited in the circumferential direction, and a direct current that generates magnetic flux is supplied to the field coil 71d.

  Further, the permanent magnet / axial gap type generator 1e is different from the permanent magnet / axial gap type generator 1e in that the coil end portion of the field coil 71d is bent into a substantially L shape and the field at the rear portion of the stator 3d is folded. The position of the magnetic coil 71d is shifted from the field coil 71c, and the axial thickness is reduced so as to approach the stator 3d. As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the gap 34 for accommodating the field coil 71d is recessed from the other part to the back side as viewed from the magnetic pole surface, and does not affect the rotor shaft. It is like that.

  Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the field coil 71d can be prevented from projecting to the back surface of the stator 3d, and the stator 3d can be made thin, and the sbase other than the field coil 71d portion on the back surface of the stator 3d It is possible to reduce the size of the entire apparatus by arranging a rectifier circuit or the like.

(Sixth embodiment)
A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11, 12A, and 12B.

  FIG. 11 is a perspective view before assembly of the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1f of the present embodiment, and FIGS. 12A and 12B are front views of the magnetic pole surfaces of the rotor 2c and the stator 3e. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same or corresponding elements.

  The permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1f has the simplest configuration, and the rotor 2c is provided with a rotor magnetic pole 23c composed of a salient pole of an iron core on a half of the magnetic pole face of the disk-shaped rotor core 24, and the magnetic pole face A counterweight 24 is provided in the remaining half of the circuit, and the configuration is 1 pole (one pole pair) + counterweight 24. The stator 3e is provided with two magnetic pole pairs 33 of approximately half (180 degrees) each of the magnetic pole faces on the magnetic pole face side of the stator core 32, and both the magnetic pole pairs 33 are separated by an annular coil 4 into an outer diameter side and an inner diameter side, respectively. The formed portion is formed of an outer diameter side magnetic pole 35am and an inner diameter side magnetic pole 36am of a permanent magnet, and has a two-pole pair configuration.

  In the case of the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1f of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the permanent magnet / axial gap generator 1a of the first embodiment can be obtained with the simplest magnetic pole configuration.

  As described above, the permanent magnet / axial gap generators 1a to 1f of the respective embodiments have a very small amount of coils for extracting the power generation output, and are lightweight and small. Further, since the stator magnetic poles of the stators 3a to 3e are formed by the magnetic pole pair 33 divided into the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side, at least the yokes of the stators 3a to 3f can be made thinner, and can be further reduced in size and weight. Furthermore, since a permanent magnet is not attached to the rotors 2a to 2c, a robust structure with only an iron core is possible, which is strong against centrifugal force and can be rotated at high speed. In addition, the coils 4, 7, 71a to 71d of the stators 3a to 3e are annular or elliptical, so that the coil can be easily manufactured, the cost is low, and the assemblability is good. Therefore, it is possible to provide an axial gap type rotating machine having a novel structure that is small and light, has high output, and is easy to assemble.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. It may be provided on the 2c side. In this case, since the annular coil 4 rotates together with the rotors 2a to 2c, it is necessary to use a rotatable contact structure for taking out the power generation output.

  Further, the number of magnetic poles and the like of the rotors 2a to 2c and the stators 3a to 3e is not limited to the number of magnetic poles of the above embodiments.

  The axial gap type rotating machine of the present invention can be used not only as an axial gap type generator but also as an axial gap type motor. For example, the configuration of the permanent magnet / axial gap type generators 1a to 1f is divided into three phases. By providing, it can be used as an axial gap motor. In this case, the annular coil 4 forms a magnetic flux generating coil for exciting the magnetic poles of the stators 3a to 3e by feeding.

  The present invention can be applied to an axial gap generator and an axial gap motor for various uses.

1a to 1f Permanent magnet / axial gap generator 2a to 2c Rotor 3a to 3e Stator 4 Annular coil 7, 71a to 71d Field coil 33 Magnetic pole pair 23, 23c Rotor magnetic pole 35a, 35am Outer diameter side magnetic pole 36a, 36am Inner diameter side Magnetic pole

Claims (4)

An axial gap type rotating machine in which the rotor and the stator are arranged in the rotor axial direction so that the magnetic pole surfaces face each other, the rotor magnetic poles are arranged in the circumferential direction on the rotor, and the stator magnetic poles are arranged in the circumferential direction on the stator Because
Either one of the rotor magnetic pole and the stator magnetic pole is composed of a magnetic pole pair of an outer diameter side magnetic pole and an inner diameter side magnetic pole,
The magnetic pole pair has a polarity opposite to the polarity of each of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole of the adjacent magnetic pole pair, and the polarity of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole,
The outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole are formed of a permanent magnet having at least the same polarity,
An axial gap type rotating machine, wherein an annular coil is provided around the magnetic pole surface at a position between the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole. In the axial gap type rotating machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating machine, wherein the annular coil is provided on the stator. In the axial gap type rotating machine according to claim 1 or 2,
An axial gap type rotating machine characterized in that the stator magnetic pole is composed of the magnetic pole pair, and the rotor magnetic pole is an iron core magnetic pole. In the axial gap type rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An axial gap type rotating machine characterized in that what is not formed by the permanent magnet of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole is an iron core magnetic pole, and includes a field coil for exciting the iron core magnetic pole.

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