JP2019058039A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary electric machine of a magnetic speed reducer-integrated type, which is compact and lightweight and has a simple structure.SOLUTION: A rotary electric machine of a magnetic speed reducer-integrated type includes: a rotor 12 including a plurality of permanent magnets 20 disposed therein; a modulator element 14 fixed with a gap interposed between the rotor 12 and the modulator element and including a plurality of modulation cores 22; and a stator iron core 16 fixed to the modulator element 14 on a side opposite to a rotor 12 side. A coil 26 is wound around each modulation core 22 of the modulator element 14. A rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator iron core 16 by flowing current through the coil 26, and thereby a driving force is generated in the rotor 12, so that the rotor 12 is rotated while being reduced in speed with respect to the rotating magnet field.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary electric machine integrated with a magnetic speed reducer.

  Conventionally, between a high-rotation rotor and a low-rotation rotor, a high-rotation rotor that rotates by inputting power from the outside, a low-rotation rotor that rotates at a reduced speed from the rotation speed of the high-rotation rotor, and outputs power to the outside There is known a magnetic speed reducer having a fixed magnetic pole (modulator) disposed on the surface. A permanent magnet having a predetermined number of pole pairs (first pole pair number) is arranged on the high-rotation rotor, and a permanent magnet having a larger number of pole pairs (second pole pair number) than the first pole pair number is arranged on the low-rotation rotor. The rotating magnetic field of the high-rotation rotor is converted to the number of magnetic poles by the fixed magnetic pole and transmitted to the low-rotation rotor, and the low-rotation rotor rotates at the speed of the first pole pair number / second pole pair speed with respect to the rotation speed of the high-rotation rotor. To do.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a magnetic reduction gear integrated rotary electric machine (magnetic gear type rotary electric machine) in which a rotary electric machine is arranged on the inner periphery of a magnetic reduction gear (magnetic gear). In this rotating electrical machine, power is not input from the outside, but using the driving force of the rotating electrical machine, a high-rotation rotor (first permanent magnet field) and a low-rotation rotor (second permanent magnet field, And a rotor that rotates at a lower speed than the rotational speed of the high-rotation rotor. This rotating electrical machine has a winding stator (winding stator), a high rotation rotor (first permanent magnet field), a modulator (modulation magnetic pole), a low rotation rotor (second permanent magnet field) from the inner periphery side. Each is arranged in the order of magnetism). In the following, the stator is also referred to as a stator and the rotor is also referred to as a rotor.

International Publication No. 2013/001557

  The rotating electrical machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 (hereinafter referred to as “conventional rotating electrical machine”) is merely a rotating electrical machine disposed in the gap in the inner periphery of the magnetic reducer, and the rotor of the rotating electrical machine and the high speed of the magnetic reducer are high. It just stays in common with the rotor. In this conventional rotating electrical machine, the magnetic reducer and the rotating electrical machine can be integrated to reduce the size of the entire device compared to the case where they are provided separately, but it is possible to reduce the weight sufficiently. Not. In addition, since the conventional rotating electrical machine is arranged in the order of the stator, the rotor, the modulator, and the rotor from the inner peripheral side as described above, three gap portions are required. In a normal rotating electrical machine, there is only one gap portion, but the need for three places makes the structure very complicated. This makes it difficult to manufacture and increases costs due to an increase in bearings and rotation sensors.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary electric machine integrated with a magnetic speed reducer that is small and lightweight and has a simple structure.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention employs the following means in order to achieve the above object.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are disposed, a modulator having a plurality of modulation cores fixed via gaps between the rotor, and the rotor of the modulator. A rotating machine integrated with a magnetic speed reducer, comprising a stator iron core fixed on the opposite side, wherein a winding is wound around the modulation core of the modulator, and a current is passed through the winding. The gist is that a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator iron core by causing the rotor to flow, whereby a driving force is generated in the rotor, and the rotor is rotated at a reduced speed with respect to the rotating magnetic field.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the winding wound around the modulation magnetic core of the modulator is a three-phase winding, and the number of the modulation magnetic cores is a multiple of three.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the rotor is disposed on the innermost periphery and the stator iron core is disposed on the outermost periphery.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the rotor is disposed on the outermost periphery and the stator iron core is disposed on the innermost periphery.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the three-phase winding is concentratedly wound on the modulation magnetic core, and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of the modulation magnetic cores is 3: 8. is there.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the three-phase winding is distributedly wound on the modulation magnetic core, and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of the modulation magnetic cores is 6:10. is there.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the three-phase winding is distributedly wound on the modulation magnetic core, and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of the modulation magnetic cores is 6:14. is there.

  According to the present invention, since there is one rotor and only one gap portion with respect to the rotor, it is possible to provide a rotary electric machine integrated with a magnetic speed reducer that is small and light and has a simple structure. .

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the star connection which is an example of the connection of a three-phase winding. It is a figure which shows the FEM analysis result of the magnetic flux number linked to the coil | winding in the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows magnetic flux line distribution when a three-phase electric current is supplied to the coil | winding in the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 1, and a torque is generated. It is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine of the second embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine of Embodiment 2,3. It is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine of the third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a rotating electrical machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment, and shows a cross section of 180 degrees. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment. The rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment is a rotating electrical machine in which a magnetic speed reducer is integrated. When the rotating electrical machine 10a operates as an electric motor, the rotor 12 rotates by decelerating with respect to a rotating magnetic field generated by passing a three-phase current through the winding 26.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating electrical machine 10 a includes a rotor 12 in which a plurality of permanent magnets 20 are arranged, a modulator 14 having a plurality of modulation cores 22, and a stator core 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 12 is held rotatably with respect to the case 30 of the rotating electrical machine 10 a, and the modulator 14 and the stator core 16 are fixed to the case 30.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 12 includes an annular yoke 18 and a plurality of permanent magnets 20 disposed on the inner wall in the radial direction of the yoke 18 along the circumferential direction. The permanent magnet 20 is magnetized in the radial direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets 20 are magnetized so that the inner peripheral side has different poles. For example, the permanent magnet 20a is magnetized so that the inner peripheral side is an N pole, and the permanent magnet 20b disposed adjacent to the permanent magnet 20a is magnetized so that the inner peripheral side is an S pole. Each permanent magnet 20 constitutes a magnetic pole. In the first embodiment, the number of permanent magnets 20 is 32 and the number of magnetic poles is 32.

  The modulator 14 includes a plurality of modulation magnetic cores 22 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a slot 24 formed between the modulation magnetic cores 22. The modulation magnetic core 22 performs conversion (modulation) of the number of magnetic poles in the magnetic reducer. As shown in FIG. 1, in the rotating electrical machine 10 a according to the first embodiment, a winding 26 (coil) is inserted through a slot 24 and wound around a modulation magnetic core 22. The winding 26 is a three-phase winding and is, for example, star-connected as shown in FIG. However, the winding 26 may be a delta connection or the like, and the connection method is not limited. As shown in FIG. 1, in the rotating electrical machine 10 a according to the first embodiment, U-, V-, and W-phase windings 26 are concentrated on the modulation magnetic core 22. As described above, since the three-phase winding is wound around the modulation core 22, the number of the modulation cores 22 is a multiple of three. In the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment, the number of modulation magnetic cores 22 is twelve. In the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor 12 with respect to the number of modulation magnetic cores 22 is 12:32, that is, 3: 8.

  The stator iron core 16 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates, for example, and has a cylindrical shape.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 12 is disposed on the outermost periphery, the stator iron core 16 is disposed on the innermost periphery, and the modulator 14 is disposed therebetween. Thus, the stator iron core 16 is fixed to the opposite side of the modulator 14 from the rotor 12 side. A gap is provided between the rotor 12 and the modulator 14, and a gap is also provided between the modulator 14 and the stator core 16. However, the gap between the modulator 14 and the stator core 16 is not essential, and the gap may be eliminated. For example, the modulation magnetic core 22 may be fixed to the stator core 16 with a resin or an adhesive.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 12 is held by the case 30 via a bearing 32 and is rotatable. The stator iron core 16 is fixed to the case 30. The modulation magnetic core 22 of the modulator 14 is fixed to the case 30 in a cross section (not shown).

  When the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment functions as a generator, the number of magnetic poles of the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator core 16 via the modulation magnetic core 22 by the rotation of the rotor 12 by external power is 8 poles. Become. The number of magnetic poles can be calculated as follows. The number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 of the rotor 12 is 32, and the number of pole pairs is 16. Further, since the number of the modulation magnetic cores 22 is 12, the number of pole pairs is 12. This is because one modulation magnetic core 22 functions as both an N pole and an S pole. The number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetic field generated (modulated) in the stator core 16 is 4 (= 16-12) obtained by subtracting “the number of pole pairs of the modulation core 22” from the “number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet 20”. . That is, the number of magnetic poles of the rotating magnetic field generated (modulated) in the stator core 16 is 8 (= 4 × 2).

  The rotating electrical machine 10 a according to the first embodiment is configured such that the number of magnetic poles of a rotating magnetic field generated in the stator core 16 and the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 wound around the modulation core 22 are the same. That is, in the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment, the windings 26 are arranged so as to form eight poles. Thereby, the magnetic reducer and the rotating electrical machine are integrated. Note that the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 is the same as that of a general three-phase synchronous rotating electric machine, the winding of the winding 26 around the iron core (modulation magnetic core 22), and the winding 26 (three-phase winding). ) Is determined by the flow of the three-phase current to

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an FEM analysis result of the number of magnetic fluxes linked to the winding 26 in the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the results are shown by U1 being a thick solid line, V1 being a thick broken line, W1 being a thick dashed line, U2 being a thin two-dot chain line, V2 being a thin solid line, and W2 being a thin broken line. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that a three-phase balanced induced electromotive force is generated when the rotor 12 rotates by two poles (2/32 × 360 deg = 22.5 deg) of the permanent magnet 20.

  When the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment functions as an electric motor, the winding 26 is arranged in the modulation magnetic core 22 so as to form eight poles. Therefore, by passing a three-phase current through the winding 26, the stator An 8-pole rotating magnetic field is generated in the iron core 16. Thereby, a driving force is generated in the rotor 12 via the modulation magnetic core 22, and the rotor 12 is decelerated and rotated with respect to the rotating magnetic field of the stator core 16. In the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment, the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 is 8, and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 is 32. Therefore, the gear ratio is 1: 4 (= 8: 32). That is, the rotor 12 rotates at a speed that is 1/4 of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a magnetic flux line distribution when a three-phase current is passed through the winding 26 in the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment to generate torque in the rotor 12. As shown in FIG.

  The rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment described above is a magnetic reduction gear integrated rotating electrical machine having a very simple structure including the rotor 12, the modulator 14, and the stator iron core 16. In particular, since there is only one rotor and only one gap portion with respect to the rotor, manufacturing is very easy, and the number of bearings and rotation sensors is not increased, resulting in low cost. Further, the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment does not increase in physique or weight as compared with a general outer rotor type rotating electrical machine, although the magnetic speed reducer is integrated. Therefore, the rotary electric machine 10a of Embodiment 1 is very small and lightweight.

<Embodiment 2>
Next, the rotary electric machine 10b of Embodiment 2 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10b according to the second embodiment, and shows a cross section of 180 degrees. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10b according to the second embodiment. The difference from the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment is that the stator iron core 16 is disposed on the outermost periphery and the rotor 12 is disposed on the innermost periphery, and the radially outer side of the yoke 18 of the rotor 12. A plurality of permanent magnets 20 are arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer wall. Since others are the same as the rotary electric machine 10a of Embodiment 1, description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10b according to the second embodiment, the number of permanent magnets 20 is 32 (the number of magnetic poles is 32) and the number of modulation magnetic cores 22 is 12, similarly to the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment. Thereby, like the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment, when functioning as a generator, the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator core 16 via the modulation magnetic core 22 due to the rotation of the rotor 12 by power from the outside. The number of magnetic poles is 8. In addition, the rotating electrical machine 10b according to the second embodiment is arranged on the modulation magnetic core 22 in a concentrated manner so that the winding 26 forms eight poles, similarly to the rotating electrical machine 10a according to the first embodiment. That is, in the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment, the number of magnetic poles (8 poles) of the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator core 16 and the number of magnetic poles (8 poles) formed by the winding 26 wound around the modulation core 14 And the magnetic reduction device and the rotating electrical machine are integrated with each other.

  When the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment functions as an electric motor, the winding 26 is arranged in the modulation magnetic core 22 so as to form eight poles. An 8-pole rotating magnetic field is generated in the iron core 16. Thereby, a driving force is generated in the rotor 12 via the modulation magnetic core 22, and the rotor 12 is decelerated and rotated with respect to the rotating magnetic field of the stator core 16. Similar to the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment, the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 is 8, and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 is 32. Therefore, the gear ratio is 1: 4 (= 8: 32). That is, the rotor 12 rotates at a speed that is 1/4 of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field.

  According to the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment, the same effects as the rotating electrical machine 10a of the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, the rotating electrical machine 10b according to the second embodiment has a configuration having the rotor 12 on the innermost circumference, and is a configuration close to an inner rotor type configuration that is often mounted on electric vehicles such as hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. In a conventional magnetic reducer, power is output to a high-rotation rotor (with a small number of magnetic poles) (a large number of magnetic poles), and a low-rotation rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side (for example, see Patent Document 1). ), There is no low-rotation rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side. Although the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment is a magnetic reducer, the rotor 12 that outputs power (having a large number of magnetic poles) to the stator core 16 (having a small number of magnetic poles) is disposed on the inner peripheral side. This is an extremely innovative thing that does not exist in the past. Thereby, for example, the conventional inner rotor type rotating electrical machine can be easily replaced by using the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment. Furthermore, the rotating electrical machine 10b of Embodiment 2 does not significantly increase the physique and weight compared to a general inner rotor type rotating electrical machine, although the magnetic speed reducer is integrated. Very small and lightweight.

<Embodiment 3>
Next, the rotary electric machine 10c of Embodiment 3 will be described. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10c according to the third embodiment, and shows a cross section of 180 degrees. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine 10c of Embodiment 3 is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine 10b of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. The difference from the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment is that the winding 26 is distributedly wound on the modulation magnetic core 22 so as to form four poles, and the number of permanent magnets 20 disposed on the rotor 12 is different. That is 28 points. The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment, as described above, the number of permanent magnets 20 is 28 (the number of magnetic poles is 28, the number of pole pairs is 14), and the number of modulation magnetic cores 22 is 12 (the number of pole pairs is 12). is there. Thereby, when the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment functions as a generator, the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetic field generated (modulated) in the stator core 16 is changed from “the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet 20” to “the modulation magnetic core 22”. It is 2 (= 14-12) minus the number of pole pairs. That is, the number of magnetic poles of the rotating magnetic field generated (modulated) in the stator core 16 is 4 (= 2 × 2). Further, the rotating electrical machine 10c according to the third embodiment is arranged in a distributed winding on the modulation magnetic core 22 so that the windings 26 form four poles. That is, when the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment functions as a generator, the number of magnetic poles (4 poles) of the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator core 16 and the winding 26 wound around the modulation magnetic core 22 are configured. The number of magnetic poles (four poles) to be matched is configured so that the magnetic reducer and the rotating electric machine are integrated. In the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 of the rotor 12 with respect to the number of modulation magnetic cores 22 is 12:28, that is, 6:14 (3: 7).

  When the rotating electrical machine 10c according to the third embodiment functions as an electric motor, the winding 26 is arranged in the modulation magnetic core 22 so as to form four poles. A four-pole rotating magnetic field is generated in the iron core 16. Thereby, a driving force is generated in the rotor 12 via the modulation magnetic core 22, and the rotor 12 is decelerated and rotated with respect to the rotating magnetic field of the stator core 16. Since the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 is 4 and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 is 28, the gear ratio is 1: 7 (= 4: 28). That is, the rotor 12 rotates at a speed that is 1/7 of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field.

  According to the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as the rotating electrical machine 10b of the second embodiment. In particular, the rotating electrical machine 10c according to the third embodiment has a feature of high efficiency since the winding 26 is distributedly wound around the modulation magnetic core 22 so that generation of iron loss and the like can be suppressed.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment described above, the number of permanent magnets 20 is 28, the number of modulation cores 22 is 12, and the windings 26 are distributed in the modulation cores 22 so as to form four poles. It was arranged in a roll. However, in the rotating electrical machine 10c of the third embodiment, the number of permanent magnets 20 may be 20. In this case, the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 of the rotor 12 with respect to the number of modulation cores 22 is 12:20, that is, 6:10 (3: 5). In this case, since the number of magnetic poles formed by the winding 26 is four and the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20 is 20, the gear ratio is 1: 5 (= 4: 20). That is, the rotor 12 rotates at a speed that is 1/5 of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field.

<Appendix>
The number of permanent magnets 20, the number of modulation magnetic cores 22, and the number of magnetic poles formed by the windings 26 in the embodiments described above are merely examples, and other combinations are naturally possible.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can of course be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is.

10a, 10b, 10c Rotating electric machine, 12 rotor, 14 modulator, 16 stator core, 18 yoke, 20, 20a, 20b permanent magnet, 22 modulation core, 24 slots, 26 windings (coils), 30 case, 32 bearings.

Claims (7)

A rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets, a modulator having a plurality of modulation magnetic cores fixed through a gap between the rotor, and a side of the modulator opposite to the rotor side A magnetic speed reducer-integrated rotating electrical machine having a stator iron core,
A winding is wound around the modulation magnetic core of the modulator,
Generating a rotating magnetic field in the stator iron core by passing a current through the winding, thereby generating a driving force in the rotor, and rotating the rotor by decelerating the rotating magnetic field;
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The winding wound around the modulation magnetic core of the modulator is a three-phase winding,
The number of modulation cores is a multiple of three;
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
The rotor is disposed on the innermost periphery, and the stator iron core is disposed on the outermost periphery.
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
The rotor is disposed on the outermost periphery, and the stator iron core is disposed on the innermost periphery.
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The three-phase winding is concentratedly wound on the modulation magnetic core,
The number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of modulation magnetic cores is 3: 8.
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
The three-phase winding is distributedly wound on the modulation magnetic core,
The number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of modulation magnetic cores is 6:10.
Rotating electric machine characterized by that. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
The three-phase winding is distributedly wound on the modulation magnetic core,
The number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet of the rotor with respect to the number of modulation magnetic cores is 6:14.
Rotating electric machine characterized by that.