JP2005174711A - 誘電体セラミックス粉末、誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法及び複合誘電体材料 - Google Patents
誘電体セラミックス粉末、誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法及び複合誘電体材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005174711A JP2005174711A JP2003412387A JP2003412387A JP2005174711A JP 2005174711 A JP2005174711 A JP 2005174711A JP 2003412387 A JP2003412387 A JP 2003412387A JP 2003412387 A JP2003412387 A JP 2003412387A JP 2005174711 A JP2005174711 A JP 2005174711A
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- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
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Abstract
【解決手段】 比表面積が9m2/cm3以下、格子歪が0.2以下であることを特徴とする誘電体セラミックス粉末は、比表面積及び格子歪を上記のように規制することにより、誘電体セラミックス粉末が粉砕法による不定形粒子から構成される場合であっても、樹脂との混合物の流動性を確保するとともに、複合誘電体材料として高い誘電特性を得ることができる。
【選択図】なし
Description
本願出願人は、以上の観点から、特許文献2(特開2003−151352号公報)において、樹脂材料中に分散される誘電体セラミックス粉末を、粒子の球状度が0.82〜1であり、かつ粉末の10%径と90%径の比が30以下である球状の誘電体セラミックス粉末とすることを提案している。粒子の球状度を0.82〜1と、真球により近い状態とすることにより、誘電体材料の樹脂材料に対する分散性、充填性が著しく向上し、高周波特性に優れた複合誘電体材料を得ることができる。また、誘電体セラミックス粉末粒度の分布が狭く、球状度が高い誘電体セラミックス粉末を用いることにより、基板パターンのエッジにも樹脂材料と誘電体セラミックス粉末との混合物、すなわち複合誘電体材料を充填することができることを開示している。
一方で、混合物の流動性を確保できたとしても、誘電特性(誘電率ε、Q値)が劣化したのでは意味がない。同一組成の誘電体セラミックス粉末であっても、その格子歪の値によって誘電特性、特にQ値が劣化することを知見した。
本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末は、その最大粒径を10μm以下とすることが望ましい。誘電体複合基板の厚さが薄い場合には、粒径の大きな粒子が存在すると表面粗度が粗くなるおそれがあるからである。
本発明に適用する誘電体セラミックス粉末としては、複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスが望ましく、その中でも(Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックス又は(Ba,Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックスであることが望ましい。他の組成に比べて、高い誘電率(ε)を得ることができるからである。
本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法において、粉砕は気流粉砕機を用いて行うのが望ましい。
また、本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法において、粉砕工程で得られた粉砕粉末を800〜1100℃の温度範囲で熱処理することが望ましい。誘電特性向上のためである。この粉砕工程は、焼成工程及び粉砕工程を2回以上繰返したときの、最後の粉砕工程の後に行うのが望ましい。
この誘電体セラミックス粉末は、粉砕法による不定形粒子によって構成することができ、このような不定形粒子であっても、本発明の複合誘電体材料は流動性を確保することができる。
誘電体セラミックス粉末は最大粒径が10μm以下であることが望ましい。粒径が大きすぎると、厚さの薄い基板を作製するのが困難になるからである。
誘電体セラミックス粉末は、前述したように、複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスが望ましく、その中でも(Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックス又は(Ba,Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックスであることが望ましい。
本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法によれば、焼成工程及び粉砕工程を1回しか行わない場合に比表面積及び格子歪が上記の範囲外のものを、本発明の範囲内に制御することができる。
本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末は、比表面積(SSA)が9m2/cm3以下である。前述したように、誘電体セラミックス粉末の比表面積は、樹脂との混合物の最低溶融粘度に影響を及ぼす。溶融粘度が低く流動性が高いほど、基板成形に有利だからである。本発明者等の検討によると、最低溶融粘度が500Pa・s以下であることが、基板作製にとって望ましい。ところが、後述する実施例に示すように、比表面積が9m2/cm3を超えると最低溶融粘度が500Pa・sを超えてしまうため、本発明の誘電体セラミックス粉末はその比表面積を9m2/cm3以下とする。本発明における誘電体セラミックス粉末の望ましい比表面積は8.5m2/cm3以下、さらに望ましい比表面積は8m2/cm3以下である。
なお、本発明における比表面積は、密度の異なる粒子同士の比較を行うために下記式(1)に基づいて単位体積あたりの値に換算している。
SSA(m2/cm3)=SSA(m2/g)×ρ(g/cm3)…(1)
SSA(m2/g):BET法により測定した粒子の比表面積
ρ:比重ビンを用いて測定した粒子の密度
本発明における格子歪はHallの方法、つまり下記式(2)に基づいて求めるものとする。
βcosθ/λ=2η(sinθ/λ)+K/D…(2)
β:積分幅、θ:回折線のブラッグ角、η:格子歪、D:結晶子サイズ、K:Schrrer定数、
λ:X線波長(CuKα1、1.54056Å)
式(2)においてηは、図1に示すように粉末X線回折パターンからピーク位置(2θ)とピークの積分幅(β)を求め、さらに図2のグラフのようにプロットして得た直線の傾きを2で割って求める。
なお、測定条件は下記のとおりである。
装置:RINT2500(株式会社リガク製)
電流−電圧:50kV−300mA、2θ:20〜80°、スキャン速度:1°/min
サンプリング間隔:0.002°、発散スリット:1/2°、散乱スリット:1/2°
受光スリット:開放
また、添加物を含めた組成によっては、焼成温度を1300℃以下とした場合であっても、比表面積を9m2/cm3以下、かつ格子歪を0.2以下とすることができない場合がある。その場合は、焼成、粉砕の工程を繰返すことが有効である。はじめの焼成、粉砕後には比表面積が9m2/cm3を超え、かつ格子歪が0.2を超えている場合であっても、焼成、粉砕を再度繰返すことにより、比表面積を9m2/cm3以下、かつ格子歪を0.2以下にすることができる。後述する実施例に示すように、焼成、粉砕を繰返す回数は2回で十分であるが、3回以上繰返してもよいことは言うまでもない。
なお、繰返される焼成、粉砕の条件は一致していても異なっていてもよい。例えば、1回目の焼成を1100℃で4時間保持した場合に、粉砕後の2回目の焼成を1100℃で4時間としてもよいし、1150℃で3時間としてもよい。また、粉砕についても同様であり、1回目と2回目の粉砕手法を変えることができるし、粉砕時間を変えることもできる。
以上は本発明における製造方法の特徴的な事項であるが、製造方法に拘わる他の事項は常法に従えばよい。
本発明の複合誘電体材料において、誘電体セラミックス粉末と樹脂との合計を100vol%としたとき、誘電体セラミックス粉末の含有量は30〜70vol%とする。誘電体セラミックス粉末の量が30vol%未満になる(樹脂の量が70vol%を超える)と、基板としての寸法安定性を欠くとともに、誘電率εが低下してしまう。つまり、誘電体セラミックス粉末を含有する効果があまりみられない。一方、誘電体セラミックス粉末の量が70vol%を超える(樹脂の量が30vol%未満になる)と、プレス成形の際、流動性が非常に悪くなり、緻密な成形物が得られなくなる。その結果、強度の低下、水等の侵入が容易になり電気特性の劣化につながる。また、誘電体セラミックス粉末を添加しない場合に比べて、Q値が大きく低下することもある。よって、誘電体セラミックス粉末の含有量は30〜70vol%とする。望ましい誘電体セラミックス粉末の含有量は30〜50vol%、さらに望ましい誘電体セラミックス粉末の含有量は35〜45vol%である。
複合誘電体材料中の補強材の含有量は、10〜30wt%の範囲であることが好ましい。より好ましくは15〜25wt%である。
SrCO3粉末、CaCO3粉末、BaCO3粉末及びTiO2粉末を、焼成後に表1に示す主組成となるように秤量し、湿式ボールミルにて16時間だけ混合、粉砕した。次いで、混合された原料粉末を1200℃で2時間保持する仮焼を行った。次に、得られた仮焼き組成物に表1に示す添加物を添加した後に、湿式ボールミルにて16時間だけ粉砕を行った。得られた粉砕粉末を表1に示す各温度で焼成を行った後に、目開き1mmのメッシュを通過するまで乳鉢を用いて粗粉砕し、次いで表1に示すように気流粉砕機又は乾式ボールミルで微粉砕を行った。ここで、表1の「焼成+粉砕回数」の欄が1の例は焼成、粗粉砕、微粉砕を1回のみ行った例である。また、当該欄が2の例は焼成、粗粉砕、微粉砕を行った後に、再度焼成、粗粉砕、微粉砕を行った、つまり焼成、粗粉砕、微粉砕を2回繰返した例である。さらに、当該欄が3の例は焼成、粗粉砕、微粉砕を3回繰返した例である。なお、主組成以外の添加物を添加しない表1のNo.5は仮焼を行わず、湿式ボールミルによる混合の後に焼成を行った。また、表1のNo.17〜20については、粉砕終了後に熱処理(最終熱処理)を行った。この熱処理は焼成と粉砕を複数回繰返す場合には、その繰り返しが終了してから行った。
表1及び表2のNo.6、7と他の例を比較すると、ボールミルを用いて粉砕を行うと最大粒径が大きいにもかかわらず、比表面積が9m2/cm3を超える大きな値を示す。これに対して気流粉砕機を用いると、比表面積を9m2/cm3以下に制御するのが容易であることがわかる。
次に、No.8〜10、No.11〜13及びNo.14〜16を参照すると、焼成+粉砕の回数が1回のときに比表面積が9m2/cm3を超え、かつ格子歪が0.2を超えているにもかかわらず、焼成+粉砕を繰返すことにより、比表面積が9m2/cm3以下、かつ格子歪を0.2以下とすることができる。
粉砕後に行う熱処理(表1では最終熱処理と記している)を行うと、格子歪が低減される結果、誘電特性が向上する。その効果は800℃以上での熱処理で顕著となる。したがって、熱処理を行う場合には800℃以上の温度を採用すべきである。
本発明に従った誘電体セラミックス粉末を使用した複合誘電体材料は、12以上の誘電率ε、300以上のQ値と優れた誘電特性を有している。
Claims (14)
- 比表面積が9m2/cm3以下、格子歪が0.2以下であることを特徴とする誘電体セラミックス粉末。
- 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末は、粉砕法による不定形粒子によって構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末。
- 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末の最大粒径が10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末。
- 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末が複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末。
- 前記複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスが、(Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックス又は(Ba,Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末。
- 誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法であって、
原料組成物を所定温度で所定時間保持して焼成物を得る焼成工程と、
前記焼成物を粉砕する粉砕工程と、を備え、
前記焼成工程及び前記粉砕工程を2回以上繰返すことを特徴とする誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法。 - 前記原料組成物は、原料粉末を仮焼きして得た仮焼き組成物であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法。
- 前記焼成物の粉砕は気流粉砕機により行うことを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法。
- 前記粉砕工程で得られた粉砕粉末を800〜1100℃の温度範囲で熱処理することを特徴とする請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の誘電体セラミックス粉末の製造方法。
- 比表面積が9m2/cm3以下、格子歪が0.2以下である誘電体セラミックス粉末と、
前記誘電体セラミックス粉末が分散される樹脂と、
を備えることを特徴とする複合誘電体材料。 - 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末は、粉砕法による不定形粒子によって構成されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の複合誘電体材料。
- 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末の最大粒径が10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項10又は11に記載の複合誘電体材料。
- 前記誘電体セラミックス粉末が複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項10〜12のいずれかに記載の複合誘電体材料。
- 前記複合ペロブスカイト系セラミックスが(Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックス又は(Ba,Sr,Ca)TiO3系セラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の複合誘電体材料。
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TW093137643A TW200531082A (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2004-12-06 | Dielectric ceramic powder, method for producing same, and composite dielectric material |
EP04029105A EP1541537B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2004-12-08 | Dielectric ceramic powder, method for producing the same, and composite dielectric material |
DE602004018737T DE602004018737D1 (de) | 2003-12-10 | 2004-12-08 | Dielektrisches keramisches Pulver, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie diekektrisches Verbundmaterial |
US11/007,802 US20050131122A1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2004-12-08 | Dielectric ceramic powder, method for producing the same, and composite dielectric material |
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CNA2004101002439A CN1626299A (zh) | 2003-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | 电介质陶瓷粉末及其制造方法和复合电介质材料 |
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CN1626299A (zh) | 2005-06-15 |
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