JP2002025326A - Light source device, lighting device, liquid crystal device, and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light source device which can efficiently emit light to an object coping with the shape of the object to which, light is to be irradiated. SOLUTION: Light source devices 41A, 41B, 41C, have lenses 44A, 44B, 44C receiving light emitted from a light emitting element 43 like LED. The lenses 44A and the allied items have such a characteristics that the light emission directivity in Y-direction is stronger than that in X-direction, namely, the light emitted from the light emitting element 43 in Y-direction is converged into narrow-angled area, and dispersed to a wide-angled area in X-direction. When the light source devices 41A and the allied items are used as a light source of light source device of liquid crystal device, the direction of the height of a light guide body, namely, the direction of short side is made to coincide with Y-direction, and the direction of the width of the light guide body, namely, the direction of long side is made to coincide with X-direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an LED (Light Em
The present invention relates to a light source device using a light emitting element such as an itting diode, a lighting device using the light source device, a liquid crystal device using the lighting device, and an electronic device using the liquid crystal device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, liquid crystal devices have been widely used in electronic devices such as computers and mobile phones. In general, a liquid crystal device sandwiches liquid crystal between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes, controls the orientation of the liquid crystal by applying a voltage between the electrodes, and thereby modulates light passing through the liquid crystal to display an image. I do.

A liquid crystal device can be distinguished based on how light is supplied to the liquid crystal. A reflection type liquid crystal device having a structure in which external light is reflected by a reflector provided on an outer surface or an inner surface of one substrate,
A transmissive liquid crystal device with a structure that supplies light to the liquid crystal two-dimensionally by an illuminating device provided outside one of the substrates, or a reflective type when external light is present and when the external light is insufficient Various liquid crystal devices, such as a transflective liquid crystal device functioning as a transmission type, are known.

Conventionally, as a lighting device used in a transmissive liquid crystal device or a transflective liquid crystal device, a light source device that emits light and a light guide that spreads light emitted from the light source device in a planar manner are output. 2. Description of the Related Art A lighting device having a structure having a structure is known. As a light source device, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-105
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 486, there is known a structure in which light emitted from a light emitting element such as an LED is emitted to the outside through a lens. According to the publication, it is also known to use an aspheric lens as a lens.

[0005]

However, the aspherical lens used in the light source device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-105486 is omnidirectional, that is, in focusing light emitted from a light emitting element. It had the property of having no directionality, in other words, converging light uniformly in all directions.

Although such omnidirectionality with respect to light focusing is a desirable characteristic in some cases, it is also an undesirable characteristic in some cases. For example, in a case where it is desired to supply light as much as possible to a light guide used in a liquid crystal device, the light is focused in the height direction of the light guide, but the width is perpendicular to the height direction. In the case where it is not desired to focus light in the direction, a light source device having no directivity with respect to light focusing has not been sufficiently satisfactory with respect to effective use of light.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a light source device capable of efficiently making light incident on an object to be supplied with light according to the shape of the object. The first purpose is to do so.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a lighting device having a light guide so that light can be efficiently incident on the light guide.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid crystal device which performs display by supplying light to a liquid crystal panel, so that a bright and easy-to-view display can be performed without changing the light emitting ability, that is, power consumption of a light source. The purpose of.

It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide an electronic device capable of performing bright and easy-to-view display with low power consumption.

[0011]

(1) In order to achieve the first object, a first light source device according to the present invention includes a light source having a light emitting element and a lens for receiving light emitted from the light emitting element. In the apparatus, the lens is a lens having a characteristic in which light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto, for example, an aspherical lens.

The light source device having this configuration is, for example, shown in FIG.
12B. When the light source device 21 is measured as shown in FIG.
Directional characteristics regarding the emitted light as shown in FIG. In FIG. 7A, reference numeral 43 indicates a light emitting element, and reference numeral 44A indicates a lens.

In the measurement shown in FIG.
3 is 0 ° to 90 °
The light intensity is measured by the light receiver 73 at each angle. In FIG. 12A, the vertical axis represents relative luminous intensity, and the horizontal axis represents light emission angle θ.
A curve X indicates the directivity of the emitted light in the horizontal direction X of the light source device 21 shown in FIG. 7A, and a curve Y indicates the directivity of the emitted light in the vertical Y perpendicular to the horizontal direction X. ing.

For example, as shown in FIG. 12A, the light source device of the present invention has no directivity of emitted light in one direction X, and has strong directivity in a direction Y perpendicular thereto. That is, in the X direction, light diverges uniformly to an arbitrary angle, but in the Y direction, light with high intensity is emitted in a limited angle range. For this reason, by appropriately setting the X direction and the Y direction according to the shape of the object to which light is supplied, it is possible to suppress the light from unnecessarily advancing to places other than the object, and as a result, Light can be efficiently incident on the object.

(2) In order to achieve the first object,
A second light source device according to the present invention is a light source device having a light-emitting element and a lens for receiving light emitted from the light-emitting element, wherein the lens has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light exit surface. The light emitting surface has a shape in which the height from the light incident surface changes in one direction and the height from the light incident surface is constant in a direction perpendicular to the one direction. .

According to the light source device having this structure, for example, FIG.
As shown in (a), the light incident surface 44d of the lens 44A is formed in a planar shape, and the light emitting surface 44e is formed in a non-planar shape. The light exit surface 44e has a constant height from the light incident surface 44d at any point in one direction X, and the height from the light incident surface 44d depends on which point in the perpendicular direction Y. In the case of FIG. 7A, the shape is changed to an arc-shaped cross section.

By forming the lens, for example, in the shape indicated by reference numeral 44A in FIG. 7 (a), the light emitted from the light emitting element 43 can be omnidirectionally divergent and non-directional in the X direction. , Y direction, the light exit surface 44
Light can be emitted with directivity corresponding to the shape change of e. For this reason, by appropriately setting the X direction and the Y direction according to the shape of the object to which light is supplied, it is possible to suppress the light from unnecessarily advancing to places other than the object, and as a result, Light can be efficiently incident on the object.

In the first and second light source devices, the lens has, for example, a semi-cylindrical shape as indicated by reference numeral 44A in FIG. 7A, a prism shape as indicated by reference numeral 44B in FIG. The surface indicated by reference numeral 44C in FIG. 7C can be formed in a shape such as a partial cylindrical shape which is a Fresnel lens.

(3) In order to achieve the second object,
A first lighting device according to the present invention includes a light source device that emits light,
A lighting device having a light guide that receives light from the light source device on a light-incoming surface and emits light from a light-emitting surface; the light source device includes a light-emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light-emitting element. The lens has a characteristic in which light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto, and the one direction in which light emission directivity is strong is in a height direction of the light guide. The perpendicular direction, which is set and the light emission directivity is weak, is set in the width direction of the light guide.

According to this illuminating device, the directional characteristic of the light emitted from the light source device is set to be strong in the height direction where the dimension is small in the light intake surface of the light guide, so that more light from the light source device is guided. The light can be incident on the light guide, and the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide can be improved. In addition, in the width direction having a large dimension in the light capturing surface of the light guide, the directional characteristics of the outgoing light are set to be weak to disperse the light, so that the luminous intensity can be made uniform.

(4) To achieve the second object,
A second lighting device according to the present invention includes a light source device that emits light,
A lighting device having a light guide that receives light from the light source device on a light-incoming surface and emits light from a light-emitting surface; the light source device includes a light-emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light-emitting element. The lens has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light emitting surface, and the light emitting surface changes in height from the light incident surface in one direction, and is perpendicular to the one direction. With respect to is a shape in which the height from the light incident surface is constant, the one direction is set to the height direction of the light guide,
The right angle direction is set in a width direction of the light guide.

According to this illuminating device, the shape of the light exit surface of the lens is changed in the height direction where the dimension is small among the light intake surfaces of the light guide, and the size of the light entrance surface of the light guide is changed. Because the shape of the light exit surface of the lens is kept constant in the width direction of large, a large amount of light must be concentrated and taken into the light guide in the height direction of the light intake surface of the light guide. Thus, the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide can be improved. In addition, in the width direction of the light capturing surface of the light guide, light can be dispersed to achieve uniform luminous intensity.

In the first and second illumination devices, the lens may be, for example, a semi-cylindrical shape as indicated by reference numeral 44A in FIG. 7A, a prism shape as indicated by reference numeral 44B in FIG. The surface indicated by reference numeral 44C in FIG. 7C can be formed by a shape such as a partial cylinder shape which is a Fresnel lens.

In the first and second lighting devices, in addition to providing a lens on the light source device side, a lens can be provided on the light receiving surface of the light guide. In order to improve the light incidence efficiency of the light emitted from the light source device to be incident on the light guide, it is desirable to provide lenses on both the light source device side and the light guide side.

(5) In order to achieve the third object,
A first liquid crystal device according to the present invention is a liquid crystal device including a liquid crystal panel having a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal and a lighting device for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel, wherein the lighting device emits light. A light source device, and a light guide that receives light from the light source device at a light receiving surface and emits the light from a light emission surface; the light source device includes a light emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light emitting element. Wherein the lens has a characteristic in which light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto, and the one direction in which light emission directivity is strong is the height of the light guide. The right-angled direction, which is set in the direction and the light emission directivity is weak, is set in the width direction of the light guide.

According to the illuminating device used in this liquid crystal device, the directional characteristic of the emitted light of the light source device is set strongly in the height direction where the dimension is small in the light intake surface of the light guide. More light can be made to enter the light guide, and the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide can be improved. In addition, in the width direction having a large dimension in the light capturing surface of the light guide, the directional characteristics of the outgoing light are set to be weak to disperse the light, so that the luminous intensity can be made uniform. As a result, in the present liquid crystal device, a bright and easy-to-view display can be performed without changing the light emitting ability of the light source, that is, the power consumption.

(6) To achieve the third object,
A second liquid crystal device according to the present invention is a liquid crystal device including a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and a lighting device that supplies light to the liquid crystal panel, wherein the lighting device emits light. A light source device, and a light guide that receives light from the light source device at a light receiving surface and emits the light from a light emission surface; the light source device includes a light emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light emitting element. The lens has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light exit surface, the light exit surface changes in height from the light incident surface in one direction, and the one direction The perpendicular direction has a shape in which the height from the light incident surface is constant, the one direction is set in the height direction of the light guide, and the perpendicular direction is set in the width direction of the light guide. It is characterized by the following.

According to the illuminating device used in this liquid crystal device, the shape of the light exit surface of the lens is changed in the height direction where the dimension is small among the light taking-in surfaces of the light guide, and the light guide having the large dimension is provided. Since the shape of the light exit surface of the lens is kept constant in the width direction of the light intake surface of the body, a large amount of light is concentrated in the height direction of the light intake surface of the light guide to concentrate the light guide. And the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide can be improved. In addition, in the width direction of the light capturing surface of the light guide, light can be dispersed to achieve uniform luminous intensity. As a result, in the present liquid crystal device, a bright and easy-to-view display can be performed without changing the light emitting ability of the light source, that is, the power consumption.

In the first and second liquid crystal devices, for example, the lens has a semi-cylindrical shape as shown by reference numeral 44A in FIG. 7A, a prism shape as shown by reference numeral 44B in FIG. The surface indicated by reference numeral 44C in FIG. 7C can be formed in a shape such as a partial cylinder shape which is a Fresnel lens.

Regarding the first and second liquid crystal devices, in addition to the provision of a lens on the side of the light source device in the illuminating device which is a component thereof, a lens is also provided on the light intake surface of the light guide. Can be provided. In order to improve the light incidence efficiency of the light emitted from the light source device to be incident on the light guide, it is desirable to provide lenses on both the light source device side and the light guide side.
Thereby, a bright and easy-to-view display can be performed on the display surface of the liquid crystal device.

(7) Next, in order to achieve the fourth object, an electronic apparatus according to the present invention comprises a liquid crystal device for displaying an image such as a character and a control circuit for controlling the operation of the liquid crystal device. In the electronic device having the liquid crystal device, the liquid crystal device includes the first liquid crystal device or the second liquid crystal device described above. With respect to the liquid crystal device used in this electronic device, a bright and easy-to-see display can be performed on the display surface of the liquid crystal device without increasing the light emitting ability of the light emitting source. However, it is possible to perform a display that is small, bright and easy to see.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (Embodiment of Light Source Device) FIG.
(a) shows one embodiment of a light source device according to the present invention. The light source device 41A shown here has a light emitting element 43 provided on the surface of the base 42 and a lens 44A provided on the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 43. The lens 44A is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape, a so-called kamaboko shape. Base 4
The lens 2 and the lens 44A may be separated from each other, or they may be integrally formed.

The light emitting element 43 is, for example, an LED (Light Em
itting Diode). To obtain white light from the light source device 41A, for example, a blue LED is used as the light emitting element 43, and a resin containing a YAG phosphor is provided on the light emitting surface of the blue LED. In this way, when the blue light generated from the blue LED passes through the resin, a part of the blue light hits the YAG phosphor and is converted into yellow light (that is, a mixture of green light and red light). YA
The white light is obtained by mixing with the blue light emitted to the outside without hitting the G phosphor.

The lens 44A has a planar light incident surface 44d and a non-planar light emitting surface 44e, and the shape of the light emitting surface 44e is a height from the light incident surface 44d in the Y direction which is one direction. Changes, in the case of this embodiment, changes in an arc shape,
Regarding the X direction perpendicular to the Y direction, the height from the light incident surface 44d is constant at any point.

The lens 44A has a light exit surface formed in a semicylindrical shape as described above, so that the emitted light has no directivity in the X direction, and the directivity of the emitted light is strong in the Y direction. I have. That is, the lens 44A is
In the direction, light is dispersed and emitted in a wide angle range, and in the Y direction, high-luminance light is intensively emitted only in a narrow angle range. Such directional characteristics of emitted light are, for example, as shown in FIG.
It can be displayed by a graph as shown in FIG.

FIG. 7B shows another embodiment of the light source device according to the present invention. Light source device 41B shown here
Is different from the light source device 41A of FIG. 7A in that a prism-shaped, that is, a columnar member having a triangular cross section is used as the lens 44B. The same members will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Also in the present embodiment, the base 42 and the lens 44B may be formed separately from each other or may be integrally formed.

The lens 44B has a planar light incident surface 44d and a non-planar light emitting surface 44e, and the light emitting surface 44e has a height from the light incident surface 44d in the Y direction, which is one direction. In the case of the present embodiment, the cross section changes in a triangular shape, and the height from the light incident surface 44d is constant at any point in the X direction perpendicular to the Y direction.

Further, the lens 44B has its light exit surface formed in the prism shape as described above, so that the exit light has no directivity in the X direction and the directivity of the exit light in the Y direction becomes stronger. I have. That is, the lens 44B
Scatters and emits light in a wide angle range in the X direction, and Y
In the direction, high-luminance light is intensively emitted only within a narrow angle range. Such directional characteristics of the emitted light include, for example,
It can be displayed by a graph as shown in FIG.

FIG. 7C shows still another embodiment of the light source device according to the present invention. Light source device 4 shown here
1C differs from the light source device 41A of FIG. 7A in that a partial columnar member having a Fresnel lens on the surface is used as the lens 44C. The same members will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Also in the present embodiment, the base 42 and the lens 4
4C may be adhered to each other, or both may be integrally formed.

The lens 44C has a planar light incident surface 44d and a non-planar light emitting surface 44e, and the light emitting surface 44e has a height from the light incident surface 44d in the Y direction which is one direction. In the present embodiment, the height changes from the light incident surface 44d at any point in the X direction perpendicular to the Y direction.

The lens 44C has a light exit surface formed in the Fresnel lens shape as described above, so that X
The emitted light has no directivity in the direction, and the emitted light has strong directivity in the Y direction. That is, the lens 4
4C scatters light in a wide angle range in the X direction and emits the light, and intensively emits light having a high luminosity only in a narrow angle range in the Y direction. Such directional characteristics of the emitted light can be displayed, for example, by a graph as shown in FIG.

(Embodiment of Illumination Device and Liquid Crystal Device) When the liquid crystal device is distinguished by the driving method of the liquid crystal, an active matrix type liquid crystal device in which a pixel electrode is driven by a switching element (that is, a non-linear element) is provided. A passive matrix type liquid crystal device configured by a simple matrix arrangement using no elements can be considered. Compared with the active matrix method, it is considered that the active matrix method is more advantageous in that the contrast, the response, and the like are good and high-definition display can be easily achieved.

As an active matrix type liquid crystal device, a method using a three-terminal element such as a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element and a method using a thin film diode (TFD: Thin FDT) are used.
A method using a two-terminal element such as an ilm diode is known. Among them, a liquid crystal device using a TFD or the like has advantages that a short circuit between wirings does not occur in principle because there is no intersection of wirings, and a film forming process and a photolithography process can be shortened. I have.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to an example in which the present invention is applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal device having a structure using a TFD as a switching element for a pixel electrode. Further, the liquid crystal device of the present embodiment is a transflective liquid crystal device that functions as a reflective type when external light is present and functions as a transmissive type when external light is insufficient. .

FIG. 1 shows a liquid crystal device 1 according to the embodiment. In this liquid crystal device 1, an FPC (FPC
lexible Printed Circuit: flexible substrate) 3a and FP
C3b, and the light guide 4 is attached to the non-display surface side of the liquid crystal panel 2 (the lower surface side in FIG. 1). A control board 5 is provided on the opposite side of the light guide 4 from the liquid crystal panel 2. The control board 5 is used as a component of a liquid crystal device or as a component of an electronic device to which the liquid crystal device is mounted, as the case may be. FPC3a and FPC3b are:
In the case of the present embodiment, it is used for electrically connecting the liquid crystal panel 2 and the control board 5.

The liquid crystal panel 2 has a pair of substrates 7a and 7b bonded to each other by an annular sealing material 6. A liquid crystal driving IC 8a is mounted on the surface of a portion of the first substrate 7a that protrudes from the second substrate 7b by an AFC (Anisotropic Conductive Film) 9. A liquid crystal driving IC 8b is mounted by an ACF 9 on the surface of the portion of the second substrate 7b that protrudes from the first substrate 7a (the lower surface in FIG. 1).

The liquid crystal device of this embodiment is an active matrix type liquid crystal device using a TFD as a switching element. One of a first substrate 7a and a second substrate 7b is an element substrate, and the other is a counter substrate. is there. In the present embodiment, the first substrate 7a is considered as an element substrate, and the second substrate 7a
Let b be considered a counter substrate.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first
The pixel electrode 66 is formed on the inner surface of the substrate 7a, and the deflection plate 12a is adhered on the outer surface. The data lines 52 are formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 7b as the opposing substrate, and the deflection plate 12b is adhered on the outer surface. Then, the liquid crystal L is sealed in a gap surrounded by the first substrate 7a, the second substrate 7b, and the sealing material 6, that is, a so-called cell gap.

Although not shown in FIG. 2, the first substrate 7a
Various optical elements other than those described above are provided on the second substrate 7b as necessary. For example, an alignment film for aligning the alignment of the liquid crystal L is provided on the inner surface of each substrate. These alignment films are formed, for example, by baking after applying a polyimide solution. It is said that the polymer main chain of the polyimide is stretched in a predetermined direction by a rubbing process, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal L sealed in the cell gap are directionally aligned along the stretching direction of the alignment film.

In the case of performing color display, a portion of the opposing substrate facing the pixel electrode formed on the element substrate includes:
Color filters of each primary color of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are formed in a predetermined arrangement, and a black matrix of Bk (black) is formed in a region not facing the pixel electrode. Further, a smoothing layer is coated for smoothing and protecting the surface of the color filter and the black matrix. The counter electrode provided on the counter substrate side is formed on the smoothing layer.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the electrical configuration of the liquid crystal panel 2. As illustrated, a plurality of scanning lines 51 are formed in the liquid crystal panel 2 in a row direction (X direction), and a plurality of data lines 52 are formed in a column direction (Y direction). A pixel 53 is provided at each intersection with the data line 52.
Is formed. Each pixel 53 has a liquid crystal layer 54 and a TFD (Th
in Film Diode) 56 in series.

Each scanning line 51 is driven by a scanning line driving circuit 57, and each data line 52 is driven by a data line driving circuit 58. In the case of the present embodiment, the scanning line driving circuit 57 is included in the liquid crystal driving IC 8a of FIG. 1, and the data line driving circuit 58 is included in the liquid crystal driving IC 8b of FIG.

In FIG. 3, the scanning line 51 and the TFD 56
Are formed on the inner surface of the element substrate 7a of FIG. 2, and the pixel electrodes 66 formed on the inner surface of the element substrate 7a are connected to the scanning lines 51. On the other hand, in FIG. 3, the data line 52 is formed as a stripe-shaped electrode on the inner surface of the counter substrate 7b in FIG. The element substrate 7a and the opposing substrate 7b are bonded to each other so that the pixel electrodes 66 for one column and one data line 52 have a positional relationship facing each other. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer 54 is constituted by the data lines 52, the pixel electrodes 66, and the liquid crystal L sandwiched between them.

The data line 52 is, for example, an ITO (Indium)
It is formed of a transparent conductive material such as Tin Oxide.
The pixel electrode 66 is formed of a reflective material such as Al (aluminum). In FIG. 3, T
The FD 56 is connected to the scanning line 51 side, and the liquid crystal layer 54 is connected to the data line 52 side.
The FD 56 can be connected to the data line 52 side, and the liquid crystal layer 54 can be set to the scanning line 51 side.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of one pixel on the element substrate 7a. In particular, FIG. 4A shows a planar structure of a configuration for one pixel, and FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional structure along the line AA in FIG. 4A. In these figures, the TFD 56 is constituted by two TFD portions, a first TFD 56a and a second TFD 56b formed on an insulating film 61 formed on the surface of the element substrate 7a. The insulating film 61 is made of, for example, tantalum oxide (TA).
₂ O ₅ ) to a thickness of about 50 to 200 mm.

The TFDs 56 a and 56 b are respectively separated from the first metal film 62, an oxide film 63 formed on the surface of the first metal film 62 and acting as an insulator, and separated from each other on the surface of the oxide film 63. Metal film 64 formed by
a and 64b. Oxide film 63
Is, for example, tantalum oxide (TA) formed by oxidizing the surface of the first metal film 62 by an anodic oxidation method.
₂ O ₅ ). When the first metal film 62 is anodically oxidized, the surface of the portion serving as the basis of the scanning line 51 is simultaneously oxidized, and an oxide film made of tantalum oxide is formed similarly.

A preferred value of the thickness of the oxide film 63 is selected according to its use, for example, about 10 to 35 nm. This film thickness is half the thickness in the case where one TFD is used for one pixel. The chemical conversion solution used for the anodic oxidation is not limited to a specific one, but for example, a citric acid aqueous solution of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight can be used.

The second metal films 64a and 64b are, for example,
After a reflective material such as Al (aluminum) is formed by a film forming technique such as a sputtering method, the film is patterned by photolithography and etching, and finally formed to a thickness of about 50 to 300 nm. . On the other hand, the second metal film 64a is used as it is for the scanning line 51.
And the other second metal film 64b is connected to the pixel electrode 66.

Here, the first TFD 56a is connected to the scanning line 51.
From the side of the second metal film 64a / oxide film 63 in order.
/ Laminated structure of first metal film 62, that is, metal / insulator /
Since a metal sandwich structure is employed, its current-voltage characteristics are non-linear in both positive and negative directions. On the other hand, the second T
When viewed from the scanning line 51 side, the FD 56b
A metal film 62 / oxide film 63 / second metal film 64b,
It has current-voltage characteristics opposite to those of the first TFD 56a. Accordingly, the TFD 56 has a form in which two elements are connected in series in opposite directions to each other, so that the non-linear characteristic of current-voltage is symmetrical in both positive and negative directions as compared with the case where one element is used. .

The first metal film 62 is formed of, for example, tantalum alone or a tantalum alloy. The thickness of the first metal film 62 is appropriately selected depending on the use of the TFD 56, but is usually about 100 to 500 nm. When a tantalum alloy is used as the first metal film 62, for example, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, rhenium, yttrium,
Elements belonging to Groups 6 to 8 in the periodic table, such as lanthanum and displorium, are added. At this time, tungsten is preferable as the additive element, and the content ratio is desirably, for example, 0.1 to 6% by weight.

The base 1 constituting the element substrate 7a
7a is formed of, for example, quartz, glass, plastic, or the like, together with the base 17b (see FIG. 2) constituting the counter substrate 7b. Here, in the case of a simple reflection type, it is not essential that the element substrate base 17a is transparent. However, in a case where both the reflection type and the transmission type are used as in the present embodiment, the element substrate base 17a is not used. It is an essential requirement that the table 17a be transparent.

The reason why the insulating film 61 is provided on the surface of the element substrate 7a is as follows. That is, first, the heat treatment after the deposition of the second metal films 64a and 64b prevents the first metal film 62 from peeling off from the base. Second, it is for preventing impurities from diffusing into the first metal film 62. Therefore, if these points do not matter, the insulating film 61 can be omitted.

The TFD 56 is an example of a two-terminal non-linear element.
or) and the like using a diode cable structure, or those in which these elements are connected in series or parallel in the reverse direction. Further, when it is not necessary to strictly make the current-voltage characteristics symmetrical in both the positive and negative directions, the TFD can be constituted by only one element.

In FIG. 4, the pixel electrode 66 formed so as to extend from the second metal film 64b is formed of a metal film having a high reflectance such as Al (aluminum). Further, the pixel electrode 66 is provided with a slit-shaped opening 67 that opens in an oblique direction as shown in FIG. When this liquid crystal device functions as a transmission type,
Light passing through these openings 67 enters the liquid crystal layer 54 (see FIG. 3). It is desirable that the pixel electrode 66 be provided with fine undulations so that reflected light is scattered.

The liquid crystal panel 2 (see FIG. 1) is adhered with the element substrate 7a and the opposing substrate 7b kept at a fixed distance from each other, and the liquid crystal L (see FIG. 2) is placed in this gap.
Is enclosed. The rubbing direction for giving the liquid crystal L an orientation is determined in consideration of the visual characteristics of the liquid crystal panel.
If the element substrate 7a in the direction indicated by the arrow R _A in FIG. 4 (a), and if the counter substrate 7b are respectively set in the direction indicated by the arrow R _B. In other words, the rubbing direction that determines the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied is obliquely upward and to the left on the opposing substrate 7b located on the near side when viewed from the opposing substrate 7b when both substrates are bonded to each other. 4
5 ° is the direction R _B, the element substrate 7a which is located on the rear side
In this case, the direction _RA is 45 ° obliquely downward and to the left. Therefore,
The slit direction of the opening 67 in the element substrate 7a is formed to coincide with the rubbing direction _RA .

Since the rubbing treatment is generally performed by rubbing a buff cloth wound around a roller in a certain direction, undesirable situations such as generation of static electricity and generation of various dusts easily occur in the manufacturing process. . In the present embodiment, since the traveling direction of the buff cloth coincides with the slit direction of the opening 67 in the rubbing process, the pixel electrode 66
The effect of the step difference is reduced, and as a result, generation of static electricity and generation of various dusts can be suppressed.

In the above description, the second metal films 64a, 64a
Although the composition of the pixel electrode 66 is the same as that of the pixel electrode 66, a non-reflective metal such as chromium, titanium, or molybdenum is formed as the second metal films 64a and 64b by patterning. The conductive metal may be formed by patterning.

The direction of the electric field generated by the pixel electrode 66 and the data line 52 opposed thereto is perpendicular to both substrates except for the opening 67 as shown in FIG. Become uniform. On the other hand, since there is no electrode in the opening 67, an electric field is only generated by leakage from the opening end of the pixel electrode 66. Therefore, the electric field strength near the opening 67 becomes weaker as the distance from the opening end increases, and is not uniform. Conversely, at a point equidistant from the side edge of the opening 67 formed in the pixel electrode 66, that is, at a point indicated by a broken line in FIG.

On the other hand, the rubbing direction of the element substrate 7a on which the pixel electrodes 66 are formed coincides with the slit direction of the opening 67 formed therein, so that no voltage is applied on the element substrate 7a side when no voltage is applied. The liquid crystal molecules M are aligned and oriented in parallel along the edge of the opening 67. Therefore, when a potential difference is generated between the pixel electrode 66 and the data line 52, and particularly when this potential difference is small, the electric field intensity at one end and the other end of the liquid crystal molecule M becomes equal, and thus the liquid crystal molecule M is located at the opening 67. The liquid crystal molecules M are located in a region where the electrode exists,
That is, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted similarly to the liquid crystal molecules located in the region contributing to the display when functioning as the reflection type. Therefore, the light passing through the opening 67 and the pixel electrode 6
Since the directions of optical rotation of the reflected light reflected by 6 are substantially equal to each other, the difference in display quality between the transmission type and the reflection type can be reduced.

As described above, it is desirable that the slit direction of the opening 67 and the rubbing direction coincide with each other. However, if the two are within an angle range of ± 15 °, the above difference in display quality is not practically hindered. It is thought that it can be to the extent that there is no.

When the rubbing direction and the slit direction of the opening 67 do not coincide with each other, as shown in FIG. 6B, the liquid crystal molecules M located in the opening 67 lose the opening when no voltage is applied. The orientation is oriented in a direction intersecting the side edge of 67. For this reason, even if a potential difference occurs between the pixel electrode 66 and the data line 52, particularly when the potential difference is small, the electric field intensity at one end and the other end of the liquid crystal molecule M is different, so that the liquid crystal molecule M is used as a reflection type. In this case, the liquid crystal molecules do not tilt as in the case of liquid crystal molecules located in a region contributing to display. As a result, the direction of the optical rotation differs between the light passing through the opening 67 and the reflected light reflected by the pixel electrode 66, so that a difference occurs in the display quality between the transmission type and the reflection type.

Next, the opening 6 formed in the pixel electrode 66
The width and area of No. 7 will be examined. In general, when the liquid crystal sealed between a pair of substrates is a TN (Twisted Nematic) type, the substrate spacing is several μm. In this case, for example, in the case of normally white, a region where the electrodes of both substrates intersect with each other is used. Even at a point about 1.5 μm away from the end, if a voltage is applied, black display is performed due to the effect of an electric field leaking from one end of the outer periphery of the electrode. Based on this, FIG. 4 (a)
If the width of the slit-shaped opening 67 is about 3 μm or less, which is twice as large as 1.5 μm, the liquid crystal molecules in the opening 67 are similar to the region where the electrode exists due to the electric field leaking from both side ends of the opening 67. To tilt. Conversely, if the width W of the slit-shaped opening 67 is set to 3 μm or more, the liquid crystal molecules M according to the electric field in both the reflection type and the transmission type.
Is formed in the pixel electrode 66 without tilting. Therefore, the width W of the opening 67 is 3
It is considered that it is desirable to be not more than μm.

When the width W of the opening 67 is 3 μm or less, a sufficient amount of light enough to function as a transmission type can be obtained unless a plurality of openings 67 are provided depending on the size of the pixel electrode 66. Not expected. On the other hand, if a large number of openings 67 are provided to increase the total area, the amount of transmitted light in the case of the transmission type increases, but the amount of reflected light decreases accordingly, so that the display screen in the case of using the reflection type becomes dark. According to the experiment, the area of the opening 67 was changed to the pixel electrode 6.
It was found that when the area was set to 10 to 25% with respect to the area No. 6, the transmission type display and the reflection type display were displayed in a well-balanced manner. Note that the area of the pixel electrode 66 here is
Strictly speaking, it is the area of the effective display area that is the intersection area between the pixel electrode 66 and the data line 52 and is not shielded from light by a black matrix or the like.

Returning to FIG. 1, a plurality of terminals 13a are formed on the projecting portion of the first substrate 7a as the element substrate.
These terminals are formed at the same time when the pixel electrodes 66 are formed on the surface of the first substrate 7a in a region facing the second substrate 7b as the opposite substrate. Also, a plurality of terminals 13b are formed on the protruding portion of the second substrate 7b. These terminals are formed at the same time when the data lines 52 are formed on the surface of the second substrate 7b in a region facing the first substrate 7a.

The FPCs 3a and 3b are manufactured by forming a metal film pattern in a desired pattern on a flexible base layer made of polyimide or another material. A plurality of terminals 22 are provided at the edge of the FPC 3b, and these terminals are conductively connected to the terminals 13b of the second substrate 7b using a conductive adhesive element such as an ACF. F
The plurality of terminals 23 formed on the other side of the PC 3b are connected to terminals (not shown) provided at appropriate positions on the control board 5.

On the other hand, with respect to the FPC 3a, a plurality of panel terminals 14 are formed on the back side (lower side surface in FIG. 1) of the side edge on the liquid crystal panel 2 side, and the surface of the side edge on the side opposite to the liquid crystal panel 2 ( A plurality of control board side terminals 16 are formed on the upper side surface of FIG. 1). Also, an appropriate wiring pattern 18 is formed over a wide area of the surface of the FPC 3a, and this wiring pattern 18 is directly connected to the control board side terminal 16 on the one hand, and is connected to the back panel side terminal 14 via the through hole 19 on the other hand. linked.

On the back surface of the FPC 3a, that is, on the surface opposite to the wiring pattern 18, the light source devices 21 constituting the lighting device in cooperation with the light guide 4 are mounted in a line at an appropriate distance from each other. Has been implemented. The wiring for these light source devices 21 is connected to the control board side terminal 16 via a through hole, for example. These light source devices 21
Is constituted by, for example, a light source device 41A shown in FIG. The light emitting surface of the light source device 21, that is, FIG.
The surface on which the lens 44A shown in (a) is formed is oriented in the direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 1, that is, in the direction opposite to the FPC 3a.

A diffusion plate 27 is attached to the surface of the light guide plate 4 on the liquid crystal panel 2 side by sticking or the like, and a reflective plate 28 is attached to the surface of the light guide plate 4 on the side opposite to the liquid crystal panel 2 by sticking or the like. You. The reflecting plate 28 reflects the light taken from the light taking surface 4 a of the light guide 4 toward the liquid crystal panel 2. Also,
The diffusion plate 28 diffuses the light emitted from the light guide 4 toward the liquid crystal panel 2 so as to have a uniform intensity in a plane.

As shown in FIG. 2, the light guide 4 is mounted on the non-display surface side of the liquid crystal panel 2 with a buffer 32 formed of rubber, plastic, or the like interposed therebetween. Further, the control board 5 is disposed to face the surface of the light guide 4 on which the reflection plate 28 is mounted. The control board 5 may be mounted on the non-display side surface of the light guide 4 as a component of the liquid crystal device 1 or may be a component of an electronic device using the liquid crystal device 1. In some cases. A terminal 33 for connecting to an external circuit is formed at a side end of the control board 5.

When assembling the components of the liquid crystal device 1 shown in an exploded state in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG.
a of the side of the liquid crystal panel 2 on the side of the liquid crystal panel 2
It is adhered to the overhang portion of the substrate 7a. By this bonding, the terminal 13a of the first substrate 7a and the terminal 14 of the FPC 3a
Conductive connection is made by conductive particles in the CF 34. Thereafter, the FPC 3a is bent along the light receiving surface 4a of the light guide 4, and in this bent state, the edge of the FPC 3a is overlapped with the edge of the control board 5. Then, the terminal 16 on the FPC 3a side is connected to the terminal 33 on the control board 5 side by soldering or another conductive connection method.

When the FPC 3a is bent as described above for conductive connection, the plurality of light source devices 21 mounted on the surface of the FPC 3a have their light emitting surfaces, that is, the surface on which the lens 44A is provided, as the light receiving surface of the light guide 4. 4a. By arranging the light source device 21 so as to face the light intake surface 4a of the light guide 4, a lighting device for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel 2 is configured. Similarly, the other end of the FPC 3b shown in FIG. 1 where the terminal 23 is formed is conductively connected to a terminal on the control board formed in an appropriate position on the control board 5.

The light source device 2 with respect to the light intake surface 4a
When it is desired to accurately position the relative positions of the light guides 1, it is desirable to provide appropriate positioning means for positioning the light source device 21 with respect to the light guide 4. As such a positioning means, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of positioning pins 26 are preferably provided at appropriate positions on the base 42, and at the corresponding positions on the light intake surface 4a of the light guide 4, When the light source device 21 is placed at a position facing the light intake surface 4a of the light guide 4, the pin 26 fits into the above-described concave portion, and the light source device 21 is provided. Is conceivable.

In the present embodiment, the X direction, which is a direction having little directivity with respect to the light emitted from the light source device 41A in FIG. 7A, matches the width direction X of the light guide 4 in FIG. The Y direction, which is the direction in which the directivity of the light emitted from the light source device 41A shown in FIG. 7A is strong, matches the height direction Y of the light guide 4 in FIG.

In the liquid crystal device 1 formed as described above, in FIG. 2, when the LED 43 as a light emitting element emits light, the light passes through the lens 44A and passes through the light intake surface 4A.
a to the inside of the light guide 4. At this time, the directional characteristics of the light emitted from the light source device 21 are set strong in the height direction (ie, the Y direction) of the light intake surface 4a of the light guide 4 where the dimension is small. More light can be collected and incident on the light guide 4,
Thereby, the incidence efficiency of light on the light guide 4 can be increased. On the other hand, in the width direction (that is, the X direction) of the light receiving surface of the light guide 4 where the dimension is large (ie, the X direction), the directional characteristics of the outgoing light are set to be weak to disperse the light, thereby achieving uniform luminous intensity. it can.

The light incident on the light guide 4 is reflected by the reflection plate 28 and travels toward the liquid crystal panel 2, and is diffused by the diffusion plate 27 so as to have a uniform intensity within a plane. It is supplied to panel 2. The supplied light is supplied to the liquid crystal layer as a component that has passed through the light guide-side deflection plate 12a, and the orientation of each pixel is controlled according to a change in the voltage applied between the pixel electrode 66 and the data line 52. The modulated liquid crystal is modulated for each pixel, and the modulated light is further transmitted to the display-side deflecting plate 1.
2b, an image is displayed outside.

In the illuminating device used in the liquid crystal device 1 of the present embodiment, the light source device 21 has directivity of emitted light in the height direction of the light guide 4 having a small size, and has the light source device in the width direction having a large size. Since the emitted light directivity is not given to the light guide 21, the light generated in the light source device 21 can be taken in very efficiently by the light guide 4, and as a result, the light emission surface of the light guide 4, that is, the diffusion plate High-intensity light can be uniformly emitted in a plane from the surface provided with 27. For this reason, a bright and clear image can be displayed in the display area of the liquid crystal panel 2.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the light source device 21 is connected to the terminal 14 on the liquid crystal panel 2 side of the FPC 3a.
And the wiring pattern 18 of the FPC 3a is connected to the terminal 14 through the through hole 19, so that the wiring pattern 18 is provided on the surface opposite to the light source device 21. However, instead of such a configuration, the light source device 21 can be mounted on the same surface as the wiring pattern 18.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the light source device 21 is provided by the FPC 3a which is a flexible substrate.
However, the light source device 21 may be supported by a non-flexible substrate such as a glass epoxy resin. In this case, the non-flexible substrate is connected to the light guide 4.
, The light source device 21 can be positioned at a position facing the light intake surface 4a of the light guide 4.

In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal device using a transflective TFD and a transflective type. However, the present invention is applicable to other various types of liquid crystal devices such as a reflection type liquid crystal device. Device, transmissive liquid crystal device, T
The present invention can be applied to an active matrix liquid crystal device using a switching element other than the FD, a passive matrix liquid crystal device using no switching element, and the like.

In this embodiment, the light source device 41A shown in FIG. 7A is used as the light source device 21.
It goes without saying that the light source device 41B shown in FIG. 7B and the light source device 41C shown in FIG. 7C can be used. Further, it is a matter of course that the positioning of the light source devices 41B and 41C with respect to the light guide 4 can be performed by providing positioning pins 26 as shown in FIG. 8 for these light source devices 41B and 41C.

(Embodiment of Electronic Apparatus) FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the liquid crystal device according to the present invention is used as a display device of various electronic apparatuses. The electronic device shown here includes a display information output source 100, a display information processing circuit 101,
It has a power supply circuit 102, a timing generator 103, and a liquid crystal device 104. The liquid crystal device 104 includes a liquid crystal panel 105 and a driving circuit 106. The liquid crystal device 104 can use the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG.
As the liquid crystal panel 105, the liquid crystal panel 2 shown in FIG. 1 can be used.

The display information output source 100 has a ROM (Read O
a memory such as an nly memory) or a random access memory (RAM); a storage unit such as various disks; a tuning circuit for synchronizing and outputting a digital image signal; and a predetermined circuit based on various clock signals generated by the timing generator 103. Display information such as an image signal in a format is supplied to the display information processing circuit 101.

The display information processing circuit 101 includes various known circuits such as a serial-parallel conversion circuit, an amplification / inversion circuit, a rotation circuit, a gamma correction circuit, and a clamp circuit, and executes processing of input display information. , The image signal together with the clock signal CLK.
Supply to The driving circuit 106 is a general term for the scanning line driving circuit 57, the data line driving circuit 58, the inspection circuit, and the like in FIG. The power supply circuit 102 supplies a predetermined power to each component.

FIG. 10 shows a mobile personal computer as an embodiment of the electronic apparatus according to the present invention. The personal computer 110 shown here has a main body 112 having a keyboard 111 and a liquid crystal display unit 113. The liquid crystal display unit 113 includes the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 11 shows a mobile phone as another embodiment of the electronic apparatus according to the present invention. The mobile phone 120 shown here has a plurality of operation buttons 121 and the liquid crystal device 1.

The liquid crystal device 1 used in the embodiments of FIGS. 10 and 11 is a transflective liquid crystal device as described with reference to FIG. Even in the case where the light source device 21 and the light guide 4 are placed in a sufficient place, the display can be visually recognized without any trouble by turning on a lighting device constituted by the light source device 21 and the light guide 4, that is, a backlight.

[0096]

As described above, in the light source device according to the present invention, the directivity of the emitted light is strong in one direction and the direction perpendicular to the direction is made strong by the function of the lens provided on the light emitting surface of the light emitting element. Has the property that the directivity is weak. That is, in one direction, light with high intensity is emitted in a limited angle range, and in a direction perpendicular to the direction, the light diverges uniformly to an arbitrary angle. For this reason,
By appropriately setting the one direction and the right-angle direction according to the shape of an object to which light is supplied, it is possible to suppress light from traveling unnecessarily to a place other than the object,
As a result, light can be efficiently incident on the object.

According to the illuminating device of the present invention, the directional characteristics of the emitted light of the light source device are set strongly in the height direction where the dimension is small in the light intake surface of the light guide.
More light from the light source device can be made incident on the light guide, and the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide can be improved. In addition, in the width direction having a large dimension in the light capturing surface of the light guide, the directional characteristics of the outgoing light are set to be weak to disperse the light, so that the luminous intensity can be made uniform.

Further, according to the liquid crystal device and the electronic apparatus according to the present invention, the efficiency of light incidence on the light guide for the illuminating device used therein is increased. Bright and easy-to-view display can be performed in the display area of the device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a light source device, a lighting device, and a liquid crystal device according to the present invention in an exploded state.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a sectional structure of the liquid crystal device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an electrical configuration of a liquid crystal panel included in the liquid crystal device shown in FIG.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing a structure for one pixel in the liquid crystal panel of FIG. 3, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG.
It is sectional drawing according to the -A line.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an electric field direction on an element substrate.

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a relationship between an electric field strength and an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules on an element substrate.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing some embodiments of a light source device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the light source device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a display control system of the electronic device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of an electronic apparatus according to the invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the electronic apparatus according to the invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a directivity characteristic of emitted light and a measuring method thereof with respect to the light source device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 liquid crystal device 2 liquid crystal panel 3a FPC 4 light guide 5 control substrate 7a first substrate (element substrate) 7b second substrate (opposite substrate) 8a, 8b liquid crystal driving IC 9 ACF 21 light source device 41A, 41B, 41C light source device 42 base 43 light emitting element 44A, 44B, 44C lens 44d light incidence surface 44e light emission surface L liquid crystal M liquid crystal molecule W slit width

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04N 5/64 511 H04N 5/66 102A 5/66 102 G02F 1/1335 530 F-term (Reference) 2H091 FA08X FA08Z FA23Z FA26Z FA27Z FA31Z FA45Z LA16 5C058 AA06 AB03 AB06 BA05 BA29 BA31 5F041 EE11 EE25 FF11 5G435 AA02 AA03 BB12 EE27 EE40 FF03 FF07 FF08 GG02 GG23

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A light source device comprising a light-emitting element and a lens for receiving light emitted from the light-emitting element, wherein the lens has a characteristic that light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto. A light source device, which is a lens. 2. A light source device comprising: a light-emitting element; and a lens for receiving light emitted from the light-emitting element, wherein the lens has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light exit surface; The light source device is characterized in that the surface has a shape whose height from the light incident surface changes in one direction and whose height from the light incident surface is constant in a direction perpendicular to the one direction. 3. The light source device according to claim 1, wherein the lens has one of a semi-cylindrical shape, a prism shape, and a partial cylindrical shape whose surface is a Fresnel lens. 4. A lighting device comprising: a light source device that emits light; and a light guide that receives light from the light source device on a light intake surface and emits the light from a light emission surface, wherein the light source device includes: a light emitting element; A lens for receiving light emitted from the light emitting element, wherein the lens has a characteristic in which light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto, and the light emission directivity is strong. The lighting device is characterized in that one direction is set in a height direction of the light guide, and the right-angle direction in which light emission directivity is weak is set in a width direction of the light guide. 5. A lighting device comprising: a light source device that emits light; and a light guide that receives light from the light source device on a light-receiving surface and emits the light from a light-emitting surface. A lens for receiving light emitted from the light-emitting element, wherein the lens has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light exit surface, and the light exit surface is one-way from the light incident surface. The height is changed, and the height from the light incident surface is constant with respect to the direction perpendicular to the one direction, the one direction is set to the height direction of the light guide, and the right angle direction is the A lighting device, which is set in a width direction of a light guide. 6. The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein the lens has one of a semi-cylindrical shape, a prism shape, and a partial cylindrical shape whose surface is a Fresnel lens. 7. The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein a lens for condensing light is provided on a light receiving surface of the light guide. 8. A liquid crystal device including a liquid crystal panel having a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal and a lighting device for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel, wherein the lighting device includes a light source device for emitting light, and the light source. A light guide that receives light from the device at a light receiving surface and emits the light from a light emitting surface; the light source device includes a light emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light emitting element; Is a lens having a characteristic in which light emission directivity in one direction is stronger than light emission directivity in a direction perpendicular thereto, and the one direction having strong light emission directivity is set in a height direction of the light guide, and The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the perpendicular direction in which the emission directivity is weak is set in a width direction of the light guide. 9. A liquid crystal device comprising: a liquid crystal panel having a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal; and a lighting device for supplying light to the liquid crystal panel, wherein the lighting device comprises: a light source device for emitting light; A light guide that receives light from the device at a light receiving surface and emits the light from a light emitting surface; the light source device includes a light emitting element and a lens that receives light emitted from the light emitting element; Has a planar light incident surface and a non-planar light exit surface, wherein the light exit surface changes in height from the light incident surface in one direction, and receives light in a direction perpendicular to the one direction. A liquid crystal having a shape whose height from a surface is constant, wherein the one direction is set in a height direction of the light guide, and the perpendicular direction is set in a width direction of the light guide. apparatus. 10. The liquid crystal device according to claim 8, wherein the lens has one of a semi-cylindrical shape, a prism shape, and a partial cylindrical shape whose surface is a Fresnel lens. 11. The liquid crystal device according to claim 8, wherein a lens for condensing light is provided on a light receiving surface of the light guide. 12. An electronic apparatus having a liquid crystal device and a control circuit for controlling the operation of the liquid crystal device, wherein the liquid crystal device includes the liquid crystal device according to at least one of claims 8 to 11. Electronic equipment characterized by being performed.