JP2000028296A - Bullet-proof member and bullet-proof clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bullet-proof member having a high bullet-proof performance and capable of suppressing the deformation of a surface opposed to the body side of the bullet-proof member upon being shot and decreasing the thickness under the same weight. SOLUTION: A bullet-proof pad 3 is formed by laminating two sheets of three- dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 different in woven density and connecting them integrally by binding yarns 6. The respective three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 are composed of fibers of high strength and high modulus of elasticity such as total aromatic polyaramide fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. The woven densitry of the three-dimensional fabric 4 arranged in the side which is shot is set to be, higher than that of the three-dimensional fabric 5 disposed in a body side. In the three- dimensional fabric 5 arranged in the body side, a three-dimensional fabric with three axes is used, which has X yarns and Y yarns disposed so as to traverse perpendicularly to the direction of thickness of the fabric and Z yarns 9 disposed in parallel with the direction of thickness. In the three-dimensional fabric 4, a three-dimensional fabric with fiveaxes is used, which has four in-plane axes including bias yarns as well as the X yarns and the Y yarns as in-plane yarns arranged so as to traverse perpendicularly to the direction of thickness of the fabric.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bulletproof member and a bulletproof garment for protecting a body from bullets and shell fragments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pad-shaped bulletproof member (ballistic-resistant member) made by laminating a woven fabric made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers is applied to a required part of the body to prevent a bullet or a shell fragment from flying at a high speed. Various types of bulletproof clothing for protecting the body have been proposed, and some of them have been put to practical use. Normally, the bulletproof garment is composed of the above bulletproof member and an outer skin including the bulletproof member and having a clothing function.

[0003] In a bulletproof member, it is considered that the stress generated when a bullet or a fragment lands is mainly distributed in the direction of the fibers constituting the woven fabric, and energy is absorbed in that direction. And in a bulletproof member having a structure in which woven fabrics are laminated, whether the woven fabric is plain weave or satin weave,
Since the directions of the fibers (warp, weft, or diagonal) constituting these woven fabrics were almost parallel to the surface to be impacted (protective surface), the stress at the time of impact effectively propagated in the thickness direction of the laminate. The dispersing mechanism was not working.
Therefore, each woven fabric layer individually shares energy absorption, and it is necessary to laminate a large number of woven fabrics in order to obtain the required bulletproof performance.

[0004] The applicant of the present invention has as a bulletproof member for solving the above-mentioned problems a first fiber group made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers, which is substantially parallel to the protective surface, and an axial component perpendicular to the protective surface. A bulletproof member consisting of a three-dimensional woven fabric composed of a second fiber group arranged with the following has been proposed (JP-A-9-297000). In this case, not only the first fiber group substantially parallel to the protection surface, but also the second fiber group arranged with an axial component orthogonal to the protection surface, the mechanism of the stress propagation dispersion in the thickness direction of the protection member. Works. Therefore, the bulletproof performance of the bulletproof member is improved.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-218191 discloses that the strength of a single fiber is 18 g / d or more and the tensile modulus is 500 g.
/ D or more super-high-strength and high-elasticity fiber and breaking elongation is 30
% Or more, and a plurality of fabrics B composed of ultra-high-strength high-elastic fibers having a single fiber strength of 18 g / d or more and a tensile modulus of 500 g / d or more and a breaking elongation of 30% or less are laminated. Most of B is on the back of the protective clothing (surface in contact with the body)
Has been proposed. The porosity of the cloth A is preferably 75 to 98%, and the porosity of the cloth B is preferably 35 to 75%. The porosity is determined by the volume of the sample: A (cm
³ ), sample weight: w (gf), sample density: ρ (gf
/ Cm ³ ), it is expressed by the following equation.

Porosity = {1− (w / ρ · A)} × 100 (%) That is, when the porosity is large, the weaving density of the fabric is low, and when the porosity is small, the weaving density of the fabric is high.

In this protective garment, most of the energy of the shards is absorbed by the cloth A having a breaking elongation of 30% or more, and the deformed cloth A is prevented from biting into the body by the cloth B. I have.

[0008]

When a three-dimensional fabric is used as a bulletproof member, it is necessary to increase the weaving density of the three-dimensional fabric in order to improve the bulletproof performance. Then, in the three-dimensional woven fabric having an increased weaving density, a part of the first fiber group is broken by a collision of a bullet or a shell fragment at the time of being hit, and most of the first fiber group follows the speed of the bullet or the shell fragment and is opposed to the hit surface. Deforms to the side. Then, at the time of deformation, the fibers are entangled between the fibers located on the side opposite to the impacted surface, and even after the bullet or shell fragment is stopped, the deformation does not recover and a part of the fibers protrudes toward the body side . As a result, the bulletproof member is in a state where the portion corresponding to the bulleted portion protrudes toward the body side, and when worn as a bulletproof garment, wearing comfort becomes poor. If the three-dimensional fabric is made thicker, it is possible to prevent the deformed portion from protruding toward the body of the bulletproof member, but this goes against weight reduction and makes it difficult to act when wearing clothes.

On the other hand, in a protective garment (bulletproof garment) disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-218191, a large amount of the energy of a fragment bullet is absorbed by a cloth A having a breaking elongation of 30% or more. But the porosity is 75-98%
And big. Therefore, in order to prevent penetration of spherical or spindle-shaped bullets, it is necessary to stack a large number of bullets, and there is a problem that even with the same weight, the protective clothing becomes thick and it becomes difficult to act when wearing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and has as its object the purpose of achieving high ballistic resistance when the weight is the same, and at the same time, facing the body of the bulletproof member at the time of impact. An object of the present invention is to provide a bulletproof member and a bulletproof garment capable of suppressing deformation of a surface to be formed and reducing its thickness.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, fibers made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction. A plurality of three-dimensional fabrics composed of a first fiber group and a second fiber group arranged with an axial component parallel to the thickness direction are stacked and integrated, and a tertiary fabric arranged on the bullet-receiving side is integrated. The weave density of the original fabric was made higher than the weave density of the three-dimensional fabric arranged on the body side.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the three-dimensional woven fabric disposed on the bullet-receiving side includes a first fiber group consisting of fiber bundles arranged in four axes in a plane;
A second fiber group consisting of fiber bundles arranged substantially parallel to the thickness direction, and the three-dimensional fabric arranged on the body side is a fiber bundle arranged in two axes in a plane orthogonal to each other. And a second fiber group consisting of fiber bundles arranged substantially parallel to the thickness direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of three-dimensional fabrics are integrated by a binding yarn made of a fiber having a high strength and a high elastic modulus. I have.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the binding yarns are arranged at an interval coarser than an arrangement pitch of the thickness direction yarns constituting the second fiber group of each three-dimensional fabric. Have been.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bulletproof garment in which the bulletproof member according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is contained in an outer skin having a clothing function. Therefore, claim 1
According to the invention described in (1), much of the energy of a bullet or the like is absorbed by the three-dimensional woven fabric having a high weave density arranged on the side to be shot. The three-dimensional fabric arranged on the impacted side is deformed at the time of being impacted and a projection is formed on the surface opposite to the impacted surface,
The protrusion attempts to dig into the three-dimensional fabric placed on the body side. The protruding portion has a larger cross-sectional area than a bullet, and the three-dimensional fabric placed on the body side receives less stress per unit area than when directly received from a bullet. Then, the stress of the protruding portion is efficiently propagated and distributed to the first fiber group and the second fiber group constituting the three-dimensional fabric arranged on the body side, and the energy of the bullet or the like is absorbed. Since the three-dimensional fabric disposed on the body side has a low weaving density, it is more flexible than the three-dimensional fabric disposed on the impacted side, and the entire body bends to absorb stress. In addition, the portion deformed by the stress received from the projecting portion of the three-dimensional fabric on the impacted side is merely bent or compressed and hardly entangles the fibers, and is held in a state where the projecting portion is generated on the body side. Is suppressed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the three-dimensional woven fabric arranged on the side to be hit comprises a fiber bundle in which the first fiber group is arranged in four axes in a plane. In a plane parallel to the impacted surface, the stress at the time of impact is 8
Since the propagation is dispersed in the direction, the stress propagation and dispersion in the direction parallel to the impacted surface are further improved as compared with the three-dimensional orthogonal three-dimensional fabric. Then, the energy to be absorbed by the three-dimensional fabric disposed on the body side decreases, and the deformation of the surface of the bulletproof member disposed on the body side is further suppressed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the binding yarn for integrating a plurality of three-dimensional fabrics transmits the stress in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabric. To contribute. Therefore, the bulletproof performance is further improved as compared with the case where they are integrated with an adhesive.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the binding yarns are arranged at a coarser interval than an arrangement pitch of the thickness direction yarns constituting the second fiber group of each three-dimensional fabric. The effect of the binding yarn on the properties of each three-dimensional fabric is reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the bulletproof garment includes the bulletproof member according to any one of the first to fourth aspects in the outer cover. The same operation as the invention described in any one of the aspects is obtained.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 6, the bulletproof garment 1 includes an outer skin 2 having a clothing function and a bulletproof pad 3 as a bulletproof member included therein. The bulletproof pad 3 is usually detachable from the outer skin 2 via a fastener, a hook or the like in order to facilitate daily maintenance such as washing and repair of the outer skin 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of bulletproof pads 3 having different weaving densities (in this embodiment, 2
The three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 are stacked and integrated by a binding yarn 6. Each of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 is made of a fiber having a high strength and a high elastic modulus such as a wholly aromatic polyaramid fiber or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the weaving density of the first three-dimensional fabric 4 disposed on the bullet-receiving side is reduced. Is set higher than the weaving density of the second three-dimensional fabric 5 arranged on the body side. The fiber content (volume%) corresponding to the weaving density of the three-dimensional fabric 4 is in the range of 47 to 58%, preferably 48 to 55%.
%. The fiber content of the three-dimensional fabric 5 is 38 to 4
It is in the range of 6%, preferably 40-45%.

The three-dimensional woven fabric has a first fiber group composed of warps and wefts arranged in a plane substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the woven fabric, and a thickness arranged in parallel to the thickness direction of the woven fabric. The second fiber group is composed of a directional yarn, and the first fiber group is joined by the second fiber group. In the present embodiment, as the three-dimensional fabric 4 arranged on the bullet-receiving side, other than a three-axis three-dimensional fabric in which the first fiber group is formed of a warp and a weft, which are orthogonal to each other, or a warp and a weft in which the first fiber group is orthogonal to each other. In addition, an in-plane four-axis five-axis three-dimensional fabric including bias yarns arranged obliquely with respect to the warp and the weft is adopted. In addition, as the three-dimensional fabric 5 disposed on the body side, a three-axis three-dimensional fabric in which the first fiber group includes a warp and a weft, which are orthogonal to each other, is employed.

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial sectional view of a three-axis three-dimensional fabric. The X yarns (warp yarns) 7 and the Y yarns (weft yarns) 8 constituting the first fiber group substantially orthogonal to the thickness direction of the woven fabric are orthogonal to each other in a plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the woven fabric. Yarn layer and Y
The yarn layers of the yarn 8 are alternately arranged in the thickness direction. The Z yarn (thickness direction yarn) 9 is parallel to the thickness direction of the woven fabric from one side of the woven fabric in the gap of the first fiber group composed of the X yarn 7 and the Y yarn 8, that is, the X yarns 7 and Y A retaining thread 1 which is inserted in a folded state in a state orthogonal to the thread 8 and which is inserted in the folded loop portion of the Z thread 9 on the other side in parallel with the X thread 7.
It is locked by 0. The arrangement direction of the Z yarn 9 on the surface of the three-dimensional fabric is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the retaining yarn 10. Therefore, the Z thread 9 and the retaining thread 10 are
The first fiber group composed of the X yarns 7 and the Y yarns 8 arranged so as to be biaxial in the plane acts to press the first fiber group from both front and back surfaces in directions orthogonal to each other. The Z yarn 9 constitutes a second fiber group arranged with an axial component parallel to the thickness direction.

FIG. 5 is a schematic partial sectional view of a five-axis three-dimensional fabric. The first fiber group, which is substantially orthogonal to the thickness direction of the woven fabric, is composed of X yarns 7, Y yarns 8, and bias yarns (±
B thread) 11 and 12. The yarn layers of the set of the X yarns 7 and the Y yarns 8 and the yarn layers of the set of the bias yarns 11 and 12 are alternately arranged in the thickness direction. The Z yarn 9 constituting the second fiber group is inserted in a gap between the first fiber group constituted by the X yarn 7, the Y yarn 8 and the bias yarns 11 and 12 from one side of the woven fabric in a folded manner, and is inserted into the other side. In the state of being inserted into the folded loop portion of the Z thread 9, the thread is stopped by a retaining thread 10 arranged in parallel with the X thread 7.

The three-dimensional three-dimensional fabric and the five-axis three-dimensional fabric are described in, for example, JP-A-5-272030 and JP-A-8-
It is manufactured by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 218249. Three
The weaving density of the 3-axis and 5-axis three-dimensional woven fabric is greatly affected by the tightening force of the Z yarn 9 and the retaining yarn 10. To increase the weaving density, increase the tightening force. To decrease the weaving density, decrease the tightening force.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first three-dimensional fabric 4 and the second three-dimensional fabric 5 have the Z threads 9 arranged at the same predetermined pitch, and the Z threads 9 are arranged at the same pitch. They are connected to one another by connecting yarns 6 arranged at coarse intervals. In manufacturing the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5, the Z yarns 9 are arranged at predetermined positions excluding the positions corresponding to the insertion positions of the binding yarns 6 at the time of manufacture. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 3, the insertion positions of the Z yarns 9 of the two three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 in which the Z yarns 9 are arranged except for the insertion positions of the binding yarns 6 match. The binding yarn 6 is placed on the second three-dimensional fabric 4
Are inserted in a folded shape through the three-dimensional fabric 5 and are arranged in parallel with the X yarns 7 while being inserted into the folded loop portion of the binding yarn 6 on the outer surface side of the second three-dimensional fabric 5. It is retained by a retaining thread 13.

The bulletproof pad 3 is formed by joining a three-dimensional fabric formed in a predetermined pad shape with a binding yarn 6, or joining a three-dimensional fabric formed in a square shape with a binding yarn 6, and then cutting it into a predetermined pad shape. Manufactured.

Next, the operation of the bulletproof garment 1 configured as described above will be described. At the time of impact, first, the X yarn 7, the Y yarn 8, and the bias yarns 11 and 12 constituting the first fiber group of the three-dimensional fabric 4 on the impacted side (however, only when the bias yarn is a five-axis three-dimensional fabric) Not only is distributed in the plane direction parallel to the surface to be impacted (protective surface), but also the stress is dispersed in the thickness direction by propagating the Z thread 9 perpendicular to the surface to be impacted. That is, an effective mechanism of stress propagation and dispersion works in the thickness direction.

In particular, since the direction of arrangement of the Z yarns 9 perpendicular to the surface to be impacted substantially coincides with the direction of the impact force applied upon impact,
Impact energy at the time of impact is efficiently absorbed by the Z thread 9. Therefore, superior ballistic performance can be obtained as compared with the ballistic pad having a woven fabric laminated structure.

Here, the stress dispersion is calculated for each of the yarns 7, 8, 9 (5
This is done by friction at the intersection of the shaft and the bias yarn.
Also, since each thread is tightly bound in the thickness direction,
Misalignment is less likely to occur, and the stress is more effectively dispersed. For example, if the warp and weft are tangled at the intersection, as in plain weave, the propagation of stress that tends to spread radially from the point of impact is blocked at the intersection, so the stress propagation area becomes narrower and the stress concentration increases. This causes the fibers to be easily cut and the bulletproof performance to be reduced. However, in the three-dimensional fabric, the yarns 7, 8, and 9 (and the bias yarn in the case of five axes) are not entangled with each other, so that the stress at the time of impact is three-dimensionally propagated by each yarn and widely dispersed. As a result, the energy of the bullet or the like is efficiently converted into the energy for vibrating each yarn, thereby improving the bulletproof performance.

Further, the stress at the time of landing is transmitted to the three-dimensional fabric 5 on the body side via the binding yarn 6, and the stress is easily transmitted to the entire ballistic pad 3. Since the three-dimensional fabric 4 on the impacted side has a high weaving density, the stress at the time of impact is efficiently three-dimensionally propagated by each yarn and widely dispersed. FIG. 7 (a)
As shown in FIG. 3, the three-dimensional fabric 4 is deformed when struck and a projection 14 is formed on the surface opposite to the impacted surface.
4 tries to sink into the three-dimensional fabric 5 arranged on the body side. The projecting portion 14 has a larger cross-sectional area than the bullet 15, and the stress per unit area that the three-dimensional fabric 5 receives is smaller than that in the case where the projecting portion 14 receives the stress directly from the bullet 15. Then, the stress of the projecting portion 14 is efficiently propagated and distributed to each of the yarns 7, 8, 9 (or the bias yarn in the case of five axes) constituting the three-dimensional fabric 5, and the energy of the bullet 15 is absorbed. Since the three-dimensional fabric 5 has a low weaving density, the three-dimensional fabric 5 is more flexible than the three-dimensional fabric 4 disposed on the bullet-receiving side, and the entirety bends to absorb stress.

In the three-dimensional fabric 5, the protrusion 1
The portion deformed by the stress received from 4 simply bends or compresses, and the X yarns 7 and Y yarns 8 arranged on the side close to the surface facing the three-dimensional fabric 4 move away from the opposite surface. It is unlikely that the fibers are entangled between the arranged X yarns 7 and Y yarns 8 and the like and entangled with each other. Therefore, bullet 15
In the state where is stopped, as shown in FIG. 7B, the protrusions 14 remain on the three-dimensional fabric 4 on the bullet-receiving side, but the protrusions hardly occur on the three-dimensional fabric 5 on the body side. Therefore, when the bulletproof pad 3 is formed of a single three-dimensional fabric, the protrusion 1
Even if a plurality of three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 are integrally formed so as to have the same weight as the case where 4 remains, it is suppressed that the bulletproof pad 3 is kept in a state in which a protrusion is formed on the body side. You.

EXAMPLES Next, test pieces were prepared using commercially available wholly aromatic polyaramid fibers (trade name: Kevlar 29), and a ballistic resistance test was performed on each test piece. Example 1 is a test piece using a three-dimensional three-dimensional fabric for the three-dimensional fabric 4 (fabric A) on the bullet side and the three-dimensional fabric 5 (fabric B) on the body side, and Example 2 is a three-dimensional fabric 4 on the bullet side. , A ballistic test was performed on a test body using a three-dimensional three-dimensional fabric as the three-dimensional fabric 5 on the body side. As a comparative example, a ballistic resistance test was performed on a test body composed of only the three-axis three-dimensional fabric and the five-axis three-dimensional fabric. Table 1 shows the results.

[0034]

[Table 1] In addition, the fiber content is determined for each yarn 7,
It indicates the total volume ratio of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and corresponds to the weaving density. In addition, in the evaluation of the rear deformation of the test piece, ◎ indicates good, and Δ indicates insufficient.

The woven fabric B of Examples 1 and 2 has 26 layers of X and Y yarns, the woven fabric A of Example 1 has 26 layers of X and Y yarns, and the woven fabric A of Example 2 has 26 layers. The number of layers of the X, Y, and bias yarns is 28, the number of layers of the X and Y yarns of the three-axis three-dimensional fabric of Comparative Example 1 is 52, and the number of the X yarn of the five-axis three-dimensional fabric of Comparative Example 2 is , Y yarns and bias yarns were 60 layers. The arrangement pitch of the Z yarns was 3 mm, and the arrangement pitch of the binding yarns 6 was 45 mm.

The ballistic resistance test was carried out using a test gun having a caliber of 22 and 1.1.
A gram of a simulated fragment was fired in a vertical direction from a distance of 3 m onto a 200 × 200 mm specimen, and the bullet velocity was measured by a speedometer installed before and after the specimen.

The test results are as shown in Table 1. In both Comparative Examples 1 and 2, after the ballistic resistance test, a projecting portion was formed at the rear portion of the test piece. On the other hand, in Examples 1 and 2, after the ballistic resistance test, no noticeable protrusion was formed on the rear part of the test piece. Bulletproof performance Vp5
0 is 521 m / s in Example 1 compared to the value of 485 m / s in Comparative Example 1, and the substantial energy is proportional to the square of the speed, so that the bulletproof performance is improved by approximately 18.8%. In Example 2, the value 492 of Comparative Example 2 was
It was 543 m / s, and the bulletproof performance was improved by 21.8%.

That is, when one high-density three-dimensional fabric is used, even if the fabric structure is changed to a three-axis three-dimensional fabric and a five-axis three-dimensional fabric, there is almost no difference in deformation state and ballistic resistance. . However, when the high-density three-dimensional fabric (woven fabric A) is arranged on the bullet-receiving side and the low-density three-dimensional fabric (woven fabric B) is arranged and integrated on the body side, both the deformed state and the bulletproof performance are improved. Was confirmed.

This embodiment has the following effects. (1) Not only the stress at the time of impact is propagated and dispersed in the direction parallel to the surface to be impacted (protective surface), but also the mechanism for dispersing stress in the direction perpendicular to the surface to be impacted acts, and the woven fabric laminated structure As compared with the above, the energy absorbing ability at the time of impact is enhanced, and even if the projection 14 is formed on the high-density three-dimensional fabric 4 disposed on the impacted side, the low-density three-dimensional fabric 5 disposed on the body side is not affected. The generation of protrusions on the surface is suppressed. Therefore, when the ballistic member (ballistic pad 3) has the same weight, high bulletproof performance can be obtained, and deformation of the surface of the ballistic member facing the body side during impact can be suppressed, and the thickness of the ballistic member can be reduced. The thickness can be reduced.

(2) Since the yarns 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12 constituting the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 are not entangled with each other, the stress at the time of impact can be widely dispersed. As a result, a bulletproof pad 3 having a high energy absorption capacity per unit volume can be obtained.

(3) When the five-axis three-dimensional fabric is arranged on the three-dimensional fabric 4 on the bullet-receiving side and the three-axis three-dimensional fabric is arranged on the three-dimensional fabric 5 on the body side, the bulletproof pad 3 is formed. In the original fabric 4, the direction of stress propagation in a plane parallel to the impacted surface is
The four directions are the two directions of the X yarn 7 and the Y yarn 8 plus the two directions of the bias yarns 11 and 12, and the stress at the time of impact is dispersed in the four directions (radially in eight directions with respect to the point of impact). Therefore, the energy absorption ability is further improved. Further, since the three-dimensional fabric 5 has two axes in the plane, the flexibility is greater than that of the three-dimensional fabric having four axes in the plane, so that the stress from the protrusion 14 of the three-dimensional fabric 4 can be easily absorbed as a whole. Partially difficult to project.

(4) A three-dimensional woven fabric in which the Z yarns 9 are orthogonal to the yarns 7, 8 and the like constituting the first fiber group is employed, and the Z yarns 9 are arranged in the direction of the impact force upon impact. Since they almost match each other, the impact energy at the time of impact can be more efficiently absorbed. Therefore, the bulletproof pad 3 having higher energy absorption ability can be obtained.

(5) The dispersion of the stress at the time of landing is
The friction is caused by the friction at the intersection of 8, 9 (and the bias yarns 11 and 12 in the case of 5-axis), and the yarns 7, 8, 9 and the like are tightly bound in the thickness direction. Is less likely to occur, and the stress can be more effectively dispersed.

(6) The binding yarn 6 for integrating the plurality of three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 contributes to the propagation of stress in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 and the body side of the three-dimensional fabric 5 Has the function of pressing the surface disposed on the inside inward, so that the bulletproof performance is further improved as compared with the case where the surface is integrated with an adhesive.

(7) Since the binding yarns 6 are arranged at intervals smaller than the arrangement pitch of the Z yarns 9 of the three-dimensional fabrics 4, 5, the effect of the binding yarns 6 on the characteristics of the three-dimensional fabrics 4, 5 Is reduced. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the influence of the binding yarn when changing the properties of the bulletproof member by changing the weaving density, the layer configuration and the like of each of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5.

(8) Since the amount of fibers required to obtain the required bulletproof performance can be reduced compared to the conventional woven fabric laminated structure, the weight of the bulletproof pad 3 can be reduced, and the weight of the bulletproof garment 1 can be reduced. realizable. If the weight is the same, bulletproof pad 3
Can be made thinner, making it easier to act when dressed.

(9) The binding yarns 6 are arranged in a folded manner so as to penetrate the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 from one side of the bulletproof pad 3 and are prevented from falling off by the retaining yarns 13 inserted in the folded loops. Have been. Therefore, the arrangement work, that is, manufacturing is simpler than that in which the binding yarns 6 are arranged in a meandering state so as to alternately fold on both outer surfaces of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 constituting the bulletproof pad 3.

The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example. The yarn (fiber bundle) constituting the first fiber group is not limited to two axes in the plane or four axes in the plane, and one of the X yarns 7 or the Y yarns 8 arranged linearly (for example, the X yarn 7) is omitted. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the Y thread 8 and a predetermined angle (for example, 45
The in-plane three axes may be provided by the bias yarns 16 arranged so as to intersect at degrees. In the case of two axes in a plane,
The first fiber group may be constituted only by the bias yarns 11 and 12 or the bias yarn 16 without using the X yarn 7 and the Y yarn 8.

The weaving density (fiber content) of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 is changed, the thickness of the yarn (fiber bundle) constituting the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5, the number of components in the axial direction, and the first fiber group May be changed to increase the flexibility of the three-dimensional fabric 5 disposed on the body side by changing at least one of the number of yarn layers and fiber types.

The X yarn 7 and the Y yarn 8 constituting the first fiber group
The arrangement order of the bias yarns 11 and 12 may be appropriately changed. For example, a set of bias yarns 11 and 12 is arranged every predetermined number of layers with respect to a set of X yarns 7 and Y yarns 8, or a plurality of yarn layers of bias yarns in the same axial direction are continuously arranged. Is also good.

The binding yarn 6 is not necessarily a three-dimensional woven fabric 4,5.
Need not be arranged in parallel with the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabrics 4, 5 as shown in FIG. However, when the yarns are arranged in parallel to the thickness direction, the ratio of the binding yarn 6 that contributes to the propagation of stress in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 increases.

The Z thread 9 does not necessarily have to be arranged in parallel with the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5, but intersects the thickness direction, that is, the Z thread 9 is inclined with respect to the surface to be hit. It may be a three-dimensional fabric arranged in a state. Even if the Z thread 9 is arranged inclined with respect to the impacted surface, the Z thread 9 has an axial component perpendicular to the impacted surface, so that the stress propagation and dispersion mechanism in the thickness direction of the bulletproof pad 3 works effectively.

The Z of the three-dimensional fabric 5 placed on the body side
Only the yarn 9 is arranged so as to cross the thickness direction. In this case, the flexibility of the three-dimensional fabric 5 increases as compared with the case where the Z yarns 9 are arranged in parallel with the thickness direction.

The Z thread 9 is not limited to the configuration in which the thread is retained by the retaining thread 10 and is arranged in a folded shape. The Z thread 9 is arranged so as to be alternately folded on both the front and back surfaces of the three-dimensional fabric without using the retaining thread. Alternatively, the configuration may be as follows. Similarly, the binding yarns 6 may be arranged so as to be alternately folded on the outer surfaces of the three-dimensional fabrics 4 and 5 without using the retaining yarns.

It is desirable that the Z yarn 9 be as dense as possible, but it is not necessary to arrange all the gaps of the X yarn 7, Y yarn 8 and bias yarns 11 and 12 constituting the first fiber group in the thickness direction. It is not always necessary to arrange them in the thickness direction at predetermined intervals at a pitch wider than the arrangement pitch of the X yarns 7 and the Y yarns 8. Even when the arrangement of the Z yarns 9 is set to a low density, since the stress at the time of impact propagates through the Z yarns 9 and is dispersed in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabric, an effect corresponding to the arrangement density of the Z yarns 9 is obtained. Can be

The number of three-dimensional fabrics is not limited to two, but may be three or more, and the weaving density may be set smaller for three-dimensional fabrics closer to the body side. However, the case of two sheets is easier to manufacture and has almost no difference in bulletproof performance.

The fiber constituting the bulletproof pad may be a high-strength, high-modulus fiber having a single fiber strength of 18 g / d or more, and is not limited to polyaramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, but may be other fibers. You may. For example, inorganic fibers such as boron fibers, silicon carbide fibers, and carbon fibers may be used in addition to organic fibers such as wholly aromatic polyester fibers and ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fibers. Further, a three-dimensional woven fabric may be formed by combining a plurality of types of fibers.

The bulletproof pad 3 does not need to be included in the outer skin of the bulletproof garment 1. For example, the present invention can be applied to a bulletproof pad of a type that is directly attached to the body, such as inside clothes. Further, the shape of the bulletproof pad is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be appropriately changed to a shape suitable for the use.

The bulletproof garment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the upper body as in the above embodiment, but may be pants for the lower body. ○ The first role of the three-dimensional fabric 5 arranged on the body side is
This is to prevent the protrusion from remaining on the body-side surface of the bulletproof pad 3 by the action of the protrusion 14 generated on the three-dimensional fabric 4 disposed on the bullet-receiving side. Therefore, the three-dimensional fabric is not necessarily used. Is also good. For example, what stitched and sewn two or more two-dimensional woven fabrics or a nonwoven fabric may be used. When a two-dimensional woven fabric is used, a plurality of two-dimensional woven fabrics are stacked on the three-dimensional woven fabric 4 arranged on the bullet-receiving side without performing stitching sewing on the woven fabric in advance, and the three-dimensional It may be integrated with the original fabric 4. In these cases, although the effect of transmitting stress and the ability to absorb energy are inferior to the case where the three-dimensional fabric 5 is used, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a protrusion on the body-side surface of the bulletproof pad 3 after being hit.

The inventions (technical ideas) other than those described in the claims that can be grasped from the above embodiments will be described below together with their effects. (1) In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the high-strength and high-modulus fiber is a polyaramid fiber or an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
In this case, any of these fibers can be easily obtained as a commercial product having excellent high strength and high elastic modulus, and the production of the bulletproof member becomes easy.

(2) A first fiber group composed of high-strength and high-modulus fibers and disposed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction, and an axial component parallel to the thickness direction. A high-density three-dimensional woven fabric composed of the arranged second fiber group, and a plurality of cloths (two-dimensional woven fabric or non-woven fabric) arranged opposite to the surface of the three-dimensional woven fabric on the side opposite to the impacted side ) With a binding yarn. In this case, the stress acting on the bulletproof member at the time of impact can be effectively dispersed by the three-dimensional fabric, and the occurrence of a protrusion on the body-side surface of the bulletproof member after impact can be suppressed.

(3) In the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the binding yarns are arranged in a folded shape so as to penetrate each three-dimensional fabric from one side of the bulletproof member.
It is retained by the retaining thread inserted through the folded loop. In this case, the arranging operation, that is, the manufacturing is simpler than that in which the binding yarns are arranged in a meandering state so as to be alternately folded on both outer surfaces of the three-dimensional fabric constituting the bulletproof member.

[0063]

As described in detail above, claims 1 to 4 are provided.
According to the invention described in (1), when the total weight of the yarn used for the bulletproof member is the same as that of the related art, high bulletproof performance can be obtained, and deformation of the surface of the bulletproof member facing the body side at the time of impact is achieved Can be suppressed, and the thickness can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, energy is more efficiently absorbed by the three-dimensional fabric disposed on the bullet-receiving side, and the deformation of the surface of the bulletproof member disposed on the body side is further suppressed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the binding yarn contributes to the propagation of stress in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional fabric,
The bulletproof performance is further improved as compared with the case where they are integrated with an adhesive.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the binding yarns are arranged at an interval coarser than the arrangement pitch of the yarns in the thickness direction of each three-dimensional fabric, the binding yarns with respect to the characteristics of each three-dimensional fabric are arranged. The influence is reduced, and the influence of the binding yarn does not need to be considered when the properties of the ballistic member are changed by changing the weaving density, the layer configuration, and the like of each three-dimensional fabric.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the bulletproof garment includes the bulletproof member according to any one of the first to fourth aspects in the outer cover. The same effect as the invention described in any one of the aspects is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a bulletproof pad.

2A is a schematic enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a schematic enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a three-axis three-dimensional fabric.

FIG. 5 is a schematic partial sectional view of a five-axis three-dimensional fabric.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view of the bulletproof garment.

7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bulletproof pad in the process of being deformed at the time of being hit, and FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bulletproof pad after being hit.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan sectional view of a three-dimensional in-plane three-dimensional fabric according to another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing an arrangement of binding yarns according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... bulletproof garment, 2 ... outer skin, 3 ... bulletproof pad as a bulletproof member, 4, 5 ... three-dimensional fabric, 6 ... binding thread, 7 ... X thread constituting the first fiber group, 8 ... first fiber group Constituting Y thread, 9 ...
Z yarns constituting the second fiber group, 11, 12, 16 ... bias yarns constituting the first fiber group, 14 ... projecting portions.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A first fiber group made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers and arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction, and arranged with an axial component parallel to the thickness direction. A plurality of three-dimensional fabrics composed of the second fiber group and the two-dimensional fabrics are stacked and integrated, and the weaving density of the three-dimensional fabric arranged on the impacted side is determined from the weaving density of the three-dimensional fabric arranged on the body side. Increased bulletproof material. 2. The three-dimensional woven fabric disposed on the side to be shot comprises a first fiber group composed of fiber bundles arranged in four axes in a plane and a fiber bundle arranged substantially parallel to a thickness direction. Second
A three-dimensional fabric arranged on the body side and a first fiber group consisting of fiber bundles arranged biaxially in a plane orthogonal to each other, and arranged substantially parallel to the thickness direction. 2. The bulletproof member according to claim 1, wherein the bulletproof member comprises a second fiber group made of a fiber bundle. 3. The bulletproof member according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of three-dimensional fabrics are integrated by a binding yarn made of a fiber having a high strength and a high elastic modulus. 4. The bulletproof member according to claim 3, wherein the binding yarns are arranged at an interval coarser than an arrangement pitch of the thickness direction yarns constituting the second fiber group of each three-dimensional fabric. 5. A bulletproof garment wherein the bulletproof member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is included in an outer skin having a clothing function.